1、2014高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练精品题（23）及答案阅读理解-（A）Every day we experience one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it. It is not the amazing complexity of television, nor the impressive technology of transport. The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noise witho
2、ut mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each others minds. This ability comes so naturally that we tend to forget what a miracle (奇迹) it is.Obviously, the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animal. Of course, some animals have powers just as amazing, Birds can fly thous
3、ands miles by observing positions of the stars in the sky in relation to the time of day and year. In Natures talent show, humans are a species of animal that have developed their own special act. If we reduce it to basic terms, its an ability for communicating information to others, by varying soun
4、ds we make as we breathe out.Not that we dont have other powers of communication. Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment. The way we hold our heads can indicate to others whether we are happy or sad. This is so-called body language. Bristling (直立的) fur i
5、s an unmistakable warning of attack among many animals. Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows a readiness to take second place in any animal gathering.Such a means of communication is a basic mechanism that animals, including human beings, instinctively acquire and display. Is the ability
6、 to speak just another sort of instinct? If so, how did human beings acquire this amazing skills ? Biologist can readily indicate that particular area of our brain where speech mechanisms function, but this doesnt tell us how that part of our bodies originated in our biological history.本文是介绍关于人类使用语言
7、的能力的说明文, 主要阐述人区分动物的特殊能力及其相似性。( ) 1. According to the passage, the wonder we take for granted is .A. our ability to use languageB. the miracle of technologyC. the amazing power of natureD. our ability to make noises with mouth答案：A考点：细节理解题。题目: 根据文章, 我们认为理所当然的奇迹是:A: 我们使用语言的能力B: 技术的奇迹C: 自然的惊人力量D: 我们用嘴制造
8、噪音的能力。解析：根据第一段倒数第二句话The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noise without mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each others minds.可知: 我们把使用语言的能力这个奇迹当做理所当然。B, C选项与文章不符, 在第一段第二句话中可得知。D选项易误导学生, 在文章中虽然有原话, 但一句话没有说完, 关键是通过嘴巴发出的声音去给其他人传递信息。故D选项也是错误的。( ) 2. What feature
9、of body language mentioned in the passage is common to both human an animals?A. Lifting heads when sad.B. Keeping long faces when angry.C. Bristling hair when ready to attack.D. Bowing heads when willing to obey.答案：D考点：细节理解题。题目: 文章中提到的肢体语言的什么特征对于人类和动物都是共同的:A: 伤心时抬头来源：21世纪教育网 B: 愤怒时拉长脸C: 准备攻击时直立毛皮D:
10、乐意服从时低头解析： 根据第三段最后一句话Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows .可知答案。A和B选项描绘的是人的肢体语言特征。C 选项描绘的是动物的肢体语言。( ) 3. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A. Body language is unique to humans.B. Animals express emotions just as humans do.C. Humans have other powers of communication.D. Humans are no
11、different from animals to some degree.答案：D考点：推理判断题。题目: 从第三段可以推段出:A: 肢体语言是人类独一无二的B: 动物和人类一样表达情感C: 人类有其他交流的能力D: 人类在某种程度上和动物是相同的解析： 根据第三段后三句话可知: 人类在某种程度上和动物没有不同。从段落中可得知A, B, C 均与文章不符。 ( ) 4. This passage is mainly about .A. the development of body language.B. the special role humans play in natureC. th
12、e power to convey information to othersD. the difference between humans and animals in language use答案：C考点：主旨大意题。题目: 这篇文章主要讲述什么？A: 肢体语言的发展B: 人类在自然中扮演的特殊角色C: 给他人传递信息的力量D: 人类和动物在语言使用中的差异解析： 整篇文章谈论的都是给他人传递信息的力量, 使用语言的能力。A, B选项文章未提及. D选项较片面, 文章第三段中提到了相似点和差异二种。阅读理解We discuss the issue of when to help a pa
13、tient die. Doctors of our generation are not newcomers to this question. Going back to my internship（实习）days, I can remember many patients in pain, sometimes in coma(昏迷), with late, hopeless cancer. For many of them, we wrote an order for heavy medicationmorphine(吗啡)by the clock. This was not talked
14、 about openly and little was written about it. It was essential, not controversial.The best way to bring the problem into focus is to describe two patients whom I cared for. The first, formerly a nurse, had an automobile accident. A few days later her lungs seemed to fill up; her heart developed dan
15、gerous rhythm disturbances. So there she was: in coma, on a breathing machine, her heartbeat maintained with an electrical device. One day after rounds, my secretary said the husband and son of the patient wanted to see me. They told me their wife and mother was obviously going to die; she was a nur
16、se and had told her family that she never wanted this kind of terrible death, being maintained by machines. I told them that while I respected their view, there was nothing deadly about her situation. The kidney(肾) failure she had was just the kind for which the artificial kidney was most effective.
17、 While possibly a bit reassured, they were disappointed. Here was the head surgeon seemingly determined to keep everybody alive, no matter what.Within a few days the patients pacemaker(起搏器) could be removed and she awoke from her coma. About six months later, the door of my office opened and in walk
18、ed a gloriously fit woman. After some cheery words of appreciation, the father and son asked to speak to me alone. As soon as the door closed, both men became quite tearful. All that came out was, We want you to know how wrong we were.The second patient was an 85-year-old lady whose hair caught fire
19、 while she was smoking. She arrived with a deep burn; I knew it would surely be deadly. As a remarkable coincidence there was a meeting for discussion going on at the time in medical ethics(道德). The speaker asked me if I had any sort of ethical problem I could bring up for discussion. I described th
20、e case and asked the students their opinion. After the discussion, I made a remark that was, when looking back, a serious mistake. I said, Ill take the word back to the nurses about her and we will talk about it some more before we decide. The instructor and the students were shocked: You mean this
21、is a real patient? The teacher of ethics was not accustomed to being challenged by actuality. In any event, I went back and met with the nurses. A day or two later, when she was making no progress and was suffering terribly, we began to back off treatment. Soon she died quietly and not in pain. As a
22、 reasonable physician, you had better move ahead and do what you would want done for you. And dont discuss it with the world first. There is a lesson here for everybody. Assisting people to leave this life requires strong judgment and long experience to avoid its misuse.10. In the early days when a
23、patient had got a deadly, hopeless illness, _.A. doctors used to ask the patient to go back home and wait for deathB. doctors would write all their treatment plan on the patients medical recordC. doctors would talk about their treatment plan openlyD. usually doctors would inject more morphine into t
24、he patient to end his life11. The first patients husband and son wanted the doctor_.A. to end her lifeB. to save her lifeC. to operate on her at onceD. to use an artificial kidney12. In the second paragraph, why were they disappointed?A. Their wife and mother was going to die. B. They doctor didnt d
25、o as they asked to.C. Their wife and mother had to receive a kidney transplant.D. The doctor scolded them for their cruelty 13. At the meeting, the author discussed with the students_.A. how to help patients end their livesB. the importance of mercy killingC. the relationship between mercy killing a
26、nd ethicsD. the case about an old lady 14. The author suggested that doctors_ before they assist a patient in killing himself.A. discuss it with the others firstB. make sure there is no other choice left C. be required to do so first by the patientD. give the patient enough morphine 15.Which of the
27、following can best describe the author?KA. Cruel. B. Determined. C. Experienced. D. Considerate. 参考答案 10-15 DABDBC阅读理解“Soon, youre going to move it out!” cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1
28、.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door.Roses require a good deal of care, and if it werent for the pleasure they give, it wouldnt be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses
29、for most of the year. bushes must be pruned (剪枝) in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake.Soil conditions made just perfect for roses tur
30、n out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing (施肥) have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves.Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit
31、 is twofold：First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw (缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidd
32、en as I picked tomatoes in June. But they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive
33、 and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, Ill think about that tomorrow. 5. What are the requirements for the healthy growth of rose?A. A lot of care and the right soil. B. Frequent pruning and fertilizing.C. Tomato plants grown alongside. D. Cages placed around the roots.6. The wri
34、ter planted the tomato because _. A. it cost only $1.25 B. the soil was just right for itC. there was room for it in the garden D. the roses branches needed to be covered 7. This year the writers roses were _.A. removed from the rose bed B. picked along with the tomatoesC. mostly damaged by too much
35、 sunlight D. largely hidden under the tomato plant8. By saying “the prize so dearly won” in paragraph 5, the writer wants to _.A. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes B. show the hardship of growing the rosesC. express her liking for the roses D. express her care for the tomatoes参考答案B) ACDA 阅
36、读理解-（B）Goldies Secret She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. Were moving house.; No space for her any more with the baby coming. We never really wanted her, but w
37、hat could we have done? She was a present. People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen. I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happen I would have given her a more creative name. She was so unsettled during thos
38、e first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owners. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were
39、 out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire. Thats why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very restless. Eventually I couldnt hold her any longer and she raced off down the
40、road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could. By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies (幼犬) I started to feel sympathy towards them. We didnt know what had happened to her, said the woman at the door. I to
41、ok her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared. She must have tried to come back to them and got lost, added a boy from behind her. I must admit I do miss Goldie, but Ive got Nugget now, and she looks just like her mother. And Ive learnt a good lesson: not to j
42、udge people.( ) 1. How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house? A. Shocked. B. Sympathetic. C. Annoyed. D. Upset.( ) 2. In her first few days at the authors house, Goldie . AI felt worried B. was angry C. ate a little D. sat by the fire( ) 3. Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse o
43、ne day because she . A. saw her puppies B. heard familiar barking C. wanted to leave the author D. found her way to her old home( ) 4. The passage is organized in order of . A. time B. effectiveness C. importance D. complexity阅读技巧：夹叙夹议，叙为议服务，议为叙指导。把握了这句话就把握了阅读此类文章的真谛。叙述不分重点关注人物，情节的变化；议论一定看清楚作者想表明的道理
44、。答题技巧：本篇题目由3个细节题和一道文章结构题组成，难度都不大。细节题要求学生把握文章中的原文，做合理推断和转述。比如57题，将unsettled理解成worried。文章结构题基本属于送分题，要求学生作答，此篇记叙文按照时间顺序发展。56.B情绪推断，较难题。此推断题的难点在于，原文没有直接的形容词表述，要求学生通过具体的描述总结。原文第2段She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. H
45、eaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owners.划线句子表明作者同情被遗弃的小狗，希望帮助它高兴起来。57.A细节题，较难题。要做对此题主要要排除C项的干扰，原文第2段She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. hardly ate anything的表述与ate little是不一样的。前者是几乎什么都不吃，后者是吃得少，此错误选项属于改变否定/肯定的程度。58.D原因推断题，简单题，通过原文第4段的描写可得正确答案。59.A问文章的行文结构，简单题，此篇记叙文按照时间顺序发展。
