1、Festivals around the world Unit 1 Section Learning about Language栏目导航 课堂深度拓展课后限时作业课末随堂演练 Point fool(1)n.愚人;白痴;受骗者课堂深度拓展考点一 单词点击 April Fool愚人节;愚人节中受愚弄者 make a fool of oneself/sb.使自己/某人出丑However big the fool,there is always a bigger fool to admire him.Nicolas Boileau-Despraux(教材 P4)无论一个人有多傻,总会有另一个更傻的人
2、羡慕他。布瓦洛“How could I make a fool of myself helping someone like that.”我怎么会傻到帮助一个像她那样的人。(2)vt.愚弄,欺骗vi.干傻事;开玩笑adj.傻的(1)fool sb.into doing sth.哄骗某人做某事fool sb.out of sth.骗走某人的某物fool with戏弄,瞎弄(2)foolish adj.愚蠢的;傻的foolishly adv.愚笨地;无聊地;可笑地The company has fooled the public into believing the accident does n
3、ot pollute the environment.这家公司欺骗公众去相信这起事故没有污染环境。What are you doing fooling with such a staggering sum of money?你拿这么惊人的一大笔钱瞎折腾什么?单句语法填空。(1)The politician gave away his best chance to the promotion when he _(fool)said the wrong thing.解析:句意:这位政治家愚蠢地说错了话,失去了提升的最好机会。单句改错。(2)Do not live life trying to fo
4、ol yourself ofthinking wealth is measured in material objects.解析:句意:不要在生活中愚蠢地认为财富是用物质来衡量的。intofoolishly Point permission n许可;允许 ask for permission请求许可 with(ones)permission(经某人)允许 without permission未经许可,擅自With your permission,Id like to say a few words.如蒙允许,我想讲几句话。We cant take photographs here withou
5、t permission.未经许可,我们不能在此处拍照。permit v允许;许可n.许可;执照;许可证 permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事Marys father will not permit her to stay up late.玛丽的父亲不允许她熬夜。Weather permitting,well go.天气允许的话,我们会去。单句语法填空。(1)It is illegal to reproduce these works _ permission from the publisher.单句改错。(2)After ge
6、tting permission for his father,Darwin made plans to explore Tenerife Island in the Canaries,and even convinced his friend,Marmaduke Ramsey,a tutor at Jesus College,to go with him.解析:句意:获得父亲的许可之后,达尔文作出了计划要探索加纳利群岛中的特纳利夫岛,甚至说服了他的朋友,耶稣学院的助教,马默杜克拉姆齐和他一起去。fromwithout 情态动词()1can和could的用法(1)表示能力 Her mother
7、 can speak French.她妈妈能说法语。When he was young,he could sing very well.当他年轻时,他歌唱得很好。考点二 语法细解(2)表示客观可能性 Anybody can make mistakes.任何人都可能犯错误。Man cannot live without air.没有空气,人类不可能生存。(3)表示许可,多用于口语 Can I go now?我可以走了吗?You can sit here.你可以坐在这儿。(4)表示请求 在这种语境下,使用could比用can语气更显委婉客气。could此时和can没有时间上的差别,它主要用于疑问句
8、,不用于肯定句,因此回答时要改用can。Could I come here again tomorrow?我明天还能来这里吗?Yes,you can.是的,可以。No,Im afraid not.不,恐怕不行。(5)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度 主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。This cant be done by him.这不可能是他做的。Can this be true?这会是真的吗?How can you be so careless!你怎么这么粗心!2may和might的用法(1)表示允许、请求 May I watch TV now?我现在可以看电视吗?Yes,you may.行。
9、No,you mustnt.不行。You may go now.你现在可以走了。Might I go with you?我可以和你一起去吗?(语气比用may更委婉客气)(2)表示可能性 主要用于陈述句,表示肯定或否定。He may be very busy these days.这些天他可能很忙。The story may not be true.这故事可能不是真的。(3)表示祝愿 May you enjoy yourself!祝你玩得开心!May you succeed!祝你成功!3will和would的用法(1)will 1)表示请求或建议。用于第二人称。Will you please g
10、o with me?和我一块去好吗?2)表示意愿或允诺。I will never do that again.我不会再做那件事。Come whenever you will.你随时可以来。3)表示习惯性动作或某种倾向,通常用于第三人称。Fish will die out of water.鱼离开水就不能活。My grandpa will talk for hours if you give him the chance.如果给我爷爷机会,他会讲上好几个小时。(2)would 1)表示请求、建议。比will委婉,指现在时间,多用于第二人称。Would you like a cup of tea?
11、喝杯茶好吗?Yes,Id like to.好,我愿意。No,thanks.不,谢谢。2)表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向。We would play badminton on Sundays.星期天我们总打羽毛球。He would sit like that for hours.他过去总是那样坐上好几个小时。4shall和should的用法(1)shall 1)在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求,用于第一、三人称。What shall we do now?我们现在干什么?Shall she come right now?她马上要来吗?2)表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。用在第二、三人称陈述句中。
12、You shall do as your father says.你要照你父亲说的话去做。Tell her that she shall have the book tomorrow.告诉她明天可以得到那本书。3)表示决定或决心,用于第一人称。I shall come if I want to.我想来的话,我就来。(2)should表示劝告、建议、命令(与ought to同义)You should wash your hands first.你应该先洗手。We should learn how to use computers.我们应该学会如何使用电脑。5情态动词的其他用法 情态动词除各自有自
13、己的词义外,还可以表示推测和责备等意义。(1)表示推测 表示推测时,肯定句一般用must,may/might,should,ought to;否定句用can/could not,may/might not;疑问句用can/could。1)表示对现在的推测a对现在状态的推测He must be at home.他一定在家。He may be at home.他可能在家。He should/ought to be at home.他应当在家。He must/may know you.他一定/可能认识你。He cant be at home.他一定不在家。He may not be at home.
14、他可能不在家。Can he be at home?他会在家吗?b对现在动作的推测 Your mother must/may be waiting for you at home.你妈妈一定/可能在家等你。She cant be watching TV now.她现在不可能在看电视。Can they be playing football?难道他们在踢足球吗?【注意】could可以代替can,might可以代替may,此时它们都不表示过去时。2)表示对过去的推测“must/may/might/couldhave过去分词”常用来表示对过去事情的推测,在否定句和疑问句中常用“can/couldhav
15、e过去分词”。It must/may have rained last night.昨晚一定/可能下了雨。The door was locked.He can/could not have been at home.门是锁着的,他不可能在家。Can he have got the book?难道他得到书了吗?3)表示对将来的推测“must/may/might/can/could/ought to动词原形do”表示对将来情况的推测,常与表示将来的时间状语连用或用在一定的上下文中。She must arrive before five.五点之前她准到。Can she arrive before f
16、ive?五点之前她能到吗?Im afraid she cant.恐怕她不能。(2)表示责备和批评 1)表示本该做而实际上未做。You should have been here five minutes ago.你本来应该五分钟以前到这儿。You ought to have helped me.你本来应该帮帮我。2)表示本不该做而实际上做了。You neednt have waited for me.你本来不必等我。6部分情态动词的用法比较(1)can和be able to 1)can表示一般的能力;be able to表示具体的能力。He can speak French.他会讲法语。Aft
17、er finishing his courses,he is able to speak French well.修完这些课程后,他能讲流利的法语了。2)can只用于现在时;be able to还可以用于将来时、完成时等。Im sorry I havent been able to answer your letter.很抱歉我没能给你回信。(2)could和be able to could和be able to都可以表示过去的一般能力。He could/was able to take care of himself when he was ten.他10岁就能照顾自己了。【注意】在肯定句中
18、,表示特定的某一过去能力要用was/were able to,而不用could;was/were able to含有“经过努力做到”的意思,但在否定句中,could不受这一限制。He was able to swim half way before he collapsed.他游到中途就支持不住了。Marx mastered English so well that he was able to write his work The Civil War in Francein English.马克思的英语掌握得很好,他能用英语写他的著作法兰西内战。试比较:He could swim,but h
19、e didnt jump into the water to save the girl.他会游泳,但他没有跳下水去救那个女孩儿。He was very ill,so he couldnt/wasnt able to finish the work on time.他病得很重,因此没能按时完成工作。(3)can和may 1)表示许可。can侧重客观情况的“许可”;may侧重说话人给予的“许可”。You may smoke here.你可以在这里抽烟。You can smoke now,as Granny isnt here.奶奶不在这儿,你现在可以抽烟了。2)表示可能。can用于否定句和疑问句
20、;may通常用于肯定句和否定句。Can he be Li Lei?他可能是李雷吗?It cant be true.那不可能是真的。He may(not)be in the library.他可能(不)在图书馆。(4)would和used to 两个词都能表示过去习惯性或反复性的动作,但used to说明过去和现在的对比,而would无对比含义。He used to get up at six.他过去常常六点起床。(现在不这样做了)He would get up at six.他过去总是六点起床。(现在可能还这样做)课末随堂演练课后限时作业制作者:状元桥适用对象:高一学生制作软件:Powerpoint2003、Photoshop cs3运行环境:WindowsXP以上操作系统