1、Period TwoWord power & Grammar and usagePart Language Focus.单词自测1.electric adj.电的，电动的electricity n.电2.clay n.黏土，陶土3.liquid adj.& n.液体(的)4.powder n.粉末；火药power n.力量，统治powerful adj.强大的；强有力的5.accuse vt.控诉，控告；谴责6.fade vi.逐渐消失；(使)变淡；走下坡路，衰落.短语自测1.play an important role in在起重要作用2.set up创立，建立3.make a profit
2、获利，赚钱4.end in以结束5.last but not least最后但同样重要的6.work out计算，算出7.at any time在任何时候8.take part in参加，参与9.concentrate on集中精力于1.electricks5u语境感悟(1)(教材P49)The Electric Wear Company has developed a new smart jacket this year.今年电子服装公司已经开发出一款新颖的时髦夹克。(2)I got an electric shock from the wire.我被这根电线电击了一下。(3)There i
3、s much electrical equipment in the room.房间里有许多电力设备。(4)What would happen if there were no electricity? 如果没有电将会发生什么？ks5u归纳拓展(1)electric adj.电的，电动的(2)electrical adj.有关电的，电力的(3)electronic adj.电子的(4)electricity n.电ks5u易混辨析electric/electrical/electronic(1)electric指以电为动力进行工作的(装置)。(2)electrical指关于电的知识或电的研究内
4、容。(3)electronic指电子的或电子器件的。ks5u即时跟踪用electric，electronic，electrical填空(1)The cooker isnt working because of an electrical fault.(2)With this electric blanket，my grandpa wont feel cold in winter.(3)Every day the manager receives a lot of electronic mails.2.accuseks5u语境感悟(1)(教材P51)Music industry accuses
5、Fanning of piracy音乐界控告Fanning盗版(2)The accused was found innocent.被告被判定无罪。(3)The police charged the prisoner with stealing the jewels.警方指控囚犯偷窃珠宝。(4)Not you but he is to blame for it.不是你而是他将为这件事受到责备。ks5u归纳拓展(1)accuse vt.控告；谴责accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指控某人(做)某事the accused n.被告(2)charge sb.with (doing) s
6、th.指控某人(做)某事blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame for (因某事)应受责备；(对某事)应负责任ks5u易混辨析accuse/charge/blame(1)accuse指当面指控或指责，不一定诉诸法律，通常表示直接而严厉地指出某人的过错。(2)charge指因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式法律控诉。(3)blame指由于错误的行为而指责某人，侧重指对已发生的错误或失败负有责任。ks5u即时跟踪(1)用accuse, blame或charge的适当形式填空The soldier was accused
7、of running away when the enemy attacked.He charged me with negligence of duty last year.Who is going to accuse you of weakness before God?The police are going to charge him with murder.The driver was not to blame for the accident.(2)You were charged neglecting your duty.Who accused you such a crime？
8、A.with；to B.of；with C.with；of D.for；of答案C解析句意为：你被控告玩忽职守，谁控告你这样的罪名？charge sb.with doing sth.指控某人做某事；accuse sb.of sth.指控某人某事，故选C。3.fadeks5u语境感悟(1)(教材P51)In 2001 Fannings dream finally began to fade.2001年Fanning的梦想终于开始破灭。(2)All colour had faded from the sky.天上的所有颜色都褪去了。(3)The laughter faded away.笑声逐渐消逝
9、。ks5u归纳拓展fade vi.& vt.逐渐消失；(使)褪色；(使)失去光泽fade away (人)衰弱；病重死亡；逐渐消失fade in (使画面)淡入；(使声音)渐强fade out (使画面)淡出；(使声音)渐弱ks5u即时跟踪(1)用适当的介、副词填空George saw the monitor black out and then a few words faded in.Her smile faded away.Fade out the music at the end of the scene.(2)My enthusiasm for Chinese football te
10、am because of their countless failures.A.appeared B.fadedC.used up D.gave up答案B解析句意为：由于他们无数次的失败，我对中国足球队的热情逐渐消失。appear出现；fade逐渐消失；use up用光；give up放弃。由句意知选B。1.end inks5u语境感悟(1)(教材P46)During the first few years，the company did not make a profit and Jeff Bezos thought that his efforts would end in failu
11、re.前几年里，公司没有盈利，Jeff Bezos认为他的努力将以失败告终。(2)You can end up with what astronauts call a carbondioxide headache.你最后会得宇航员所说的二氧化碳头痛病。(3)If he carries on driving like that，hell end up dead.如果他继续那样开车，早晚得死于非命。ks5u归纳拓展end in 以结束/告终；以结尾end up最终成为，最后处于end up doing以结束；结果end up with以结束end upadj.以状况而告终ks5u即时跟踪(1)Th
12、eir long struggle ended in failure.他们长期以来的斗争以失败告终。(2)At first they hated each other but they ended up becoming best friends.他们起初相互仇恨，到后来却成了最好的朋友。(3)Joining the firm as a clerk，he got rapid promotion，and as a manager.A.ended up B.dropped outC.came back D.started off答案A解析句意为：作为一名职员进入公司，他迅速得到晋升，最后成为一名经
13、理。end up最终成为；drop out退出，脱离；come back回来；start off以开始。由句意知选A。2.last but not leastks5u语境感悟(1)(教材P49)Last but not least，.最后但同样重要的，(2)Last but not least，Id like to thank all of my friends，who have done their best to help me!最后但同样重要的是，我要感谢我所有的朋友，他们给予了我最大的帮助！(3)Really，Im not in the least tired.真的，我一点也不累。(4
14、)You should do it at least twice.你至少应该做两遍。ks5u归纳拓展last but not least 最后但同样重要的not in the least(not the least)一点也不；丝毫不at (the very) least 至少；不少于(指数或量)ks5u即时跟踪(1)It will take you at least 20 minutes to get there.到那里至少要花20分钟。(2)Last but not least，let me introduce Jane，our new secretary.最后但同样重要的是，让我来介绍简，
15、我们新来的秘书。(3)Im not in the least afraid of you any more.我现在一点都不怕你了。3.work outks5u语境感悟(1)(教材P50)Computers can work out the position of the user at any time.电脑在任何时候都能辨认出用户所处的位置。(2)UN negotiators have worked out a set of compromise proposals.联合国谈判家已经制定了一系列的和解方案。(3)Have you worked out what I owe you yet?你
16、把我欠你的钱算出来了吗？(4)Im sure everything will work itself out.我坚信一切都会好起来的。ks5u归纳拓展work out制定出(计划或方案等)；计算，算出；解决(问题)；弄清(疑团)；成功地发展，逐渐好转；锻炼(身体)，做运动ks5u即时跟踪(1)I work out regularly to keep fit.我经常做运动以保持健康。(2)A number of tests have been done to that these drugs have no side effects.A.find out B. look forC.make su
17、re D.work out答案C解析句意为：已经做了大量的测试，来确保这些药物没有副作用。find out找出，发现；look for寻找；make sure确信；work out制定；计算；解决。由句意知选C。4.concentrate onks5u语境感悟(1)(教材P51)He left university in order to concentrate on the project.为了潜心研究这个项目，他大学辍学了。(2)Youd better have a good rest if you cant concentrate on your study.当你不能集中精力学习时，你最
18、好休息一下。(3)You should fix your mind on your work.你应该专心工作。(4)Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只要肯登攀。ks5u归纳拓展concentrate on集中精力于“集中精力于/致力于”的表达法有：concentrate ones energy/mind/attention on.focus on.fix ones mind/attention on.put ones heart into.devote oneself to.apply ones mind to
19、doing sth.ks5u即时跟踪用concentrate的适当形式填空(1)With his attention concentrated on his favorite novel，he didnt notice me come in.(2)From now on，your thoughts must be concentrated on your work.祈使句ks5u语境感悟(1)(教材P47)So，join the Computer Club now to learn more about computers and the Internet.因此，现在就加入电脑俱乐部吧，学习更
20、多关于电脑和因特网的知识。(2)Give me some cigarettes，can you?给我些香烟，可以吗？(3)Walk faster，cant you？走快点，不行吗？(4)Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.(2015湖南) 始终谨记：你的主要任务是使这家公司运转顺利。ks5u归纳拓展教材原句为祈使句，表示提出建议。祈使句一般都为提出意见或建议、发出命令或要求等。“分句1and/or分句2”也是祈使句的常见结构，分句1相当于一个条件状语从句，分句2相当于一个
21、主句。注意：有时根据语境的需要，祈使句的反意疑问句也可以用can you，cant you等。ks5u即时跟踪(1)Work hard and youll pass the exam.努力工作，你会通过考试的。(2)Dont forget to post the letter，will you?请别忘了寄信，好吗？(3)Sir，may I have three days off next week? .You have two meetings to attend.A.It depends B.Of courseC.Forget it D.Thats for sure答案C解析句意为：先生，下
22、周我可以请三天假吗？不行，你有两个会议要参加。Forget it不行，表示拒绝，符合句意。It depends视情况而定；Of course当然；Thats for sure那当然，那是肯定的。 .单词拼写1.Most of these fashions just fade away and are forgotten.2.I dont want to accuse her of telling lies，but I wont forgive her.3.If you add too much liquid(液体)，the mixture will not be thick enough.4.
23、More people are deciding that electric(电的) power lines could present a health risk.5.The computer can be programmed(编程) to list all the French words in the dictionary.选词填空1.They made a profit of ten yuan on every copy they sold.2.Teachers play an important role in the learning process.3.And last but
24、 not least there is the question of adequate funding.4.The government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse.5.Well have to work out how much food well need for the party.完成句子1.The area being studied is called an archeological site.正在被研究的那个地方被称作考古遗址。2.Hurry up or you will
25、be late.快点，不然你要迟到了。3.We arrived home very late，safe and sound.我们回家很晚，安然无恙。4.It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.据报道，在事故中没有乘客受伤。5.He was accused of murder.他被指控犯了谋杀罪。.单项填空1.Jim，you go there to help him， ？A.do you B.will youC.are you D.have you答案B解析句首的呼语 Jim清楚地表明这是一个祈使句，只是前面带
26、了主语而已，其反意疑问句应选B。2.The police asked him to the facts just as he remembered them.A.set about B.set downC.set up D.set out答案B解析句意为：警察要求他把他能记得的事实写下来。set down记下，写下，符合句意。set about着手做；set up建立；set out出发，开始。3.If you dont understand everything the tape says，just on the words you can understand.A.to concentra
27、te B.concentratingC.concentrated D.concentrate答案D解析由句式结构可知，此处应是祈使句，所以用动词原形。4.Start out right away， youll miss the first train.A.and B.but C.or D.which答案C解析句意为：立刻出发，否则你会错过第一班火车的。or否则，符合句意。5.To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study in Australia in 2012.(2016浙江，10)A.ha
28、ving conducted B.to be conductedC.conducting D.conducted答案D解析句意为：为了再讨论一下水污染的问题，我想让大家看一项2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。分析句子成分可知，句中没有连词，所以空处用非谓语动词，且 a study和 conduct 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。Part Grammar被动语态英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。主动语态和被动语态可以相互转换，但是句子意
29、思没有发生变化。例如：They have put forward an agreement.(主动)An agreement has been put forward.(被动)一、被动语态的基本结构助动词be及物动词的过去分词，即be done。其中，被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give 为例，列表如下：一般现在时am/is/aregiven一般过去时was/weregiven一般将来时shall/willbegiven现在进行时am/is/arebeinggiven过去进行时was/werebeinggiven现在完成时hav
30、e/hasbeengiven过去完成时hadbeengiven将来完成时shall/willhave beengiven过去将来时should/wouldbegiven含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词be done注意：被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。被动语态的否定式：在第一个助动词后加not构成。Russian is not taught in our school.我们学校不教俄语。被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前，句尾加问号。Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday?昨天山上种了许多树吗？How much money w
31、as stolen in all?一共被偷了多少钱？二、使用被动语态需注意的几点1.被动语态中，一般使用by来介绍动作的执行者，但是如果是双方都知道或者没有必要、也不重要或者很难说出谁是执行者的情况下，我们可以不用提及。The floor was swept by us.地是我们扫的。The smart jacket has been developed this year.智能夹克今年被开发出来了。2.在一些情况下使用get来代替系动词be表示被动，如 get changed，get hurt，get dressed等。The car is coming.Be careful，or youl
32、l get hurt.车来了，小心一点，要不然就受伤了。有些动词可以用主动表示被动，常见的有：(1)系动词如sound(听起来)，taste(吃起来)，smell(闻起来)，feel(摸起来)，look/seem(看起来)等。He is not such a fool as he looks.他并不像他看起来那么傻。Silk feels soft and smooth.丝绸摸起来柔软光滑。(2)某些不及物动词如open，close，shut，read，write，translate，wash，clean，lock，sell，wear，cut，cook等，当主语是物，且因该事物本身具有某一固有特
33、点使得谓语动词能以某种方式得以实现或难以实现时，用主动形式表示被动含义。This shirt will wear very long.这衬衫可以穿很久。This cheese doesnt cut easily.Its too soft.这乳酪不容易切，太软了。(3)不定式to blame，to let等作表语时，用主动表示被动。This house is to let.此房出租。Nobody is to blame for it.谁也不该因此受责备。(4)need，want，require等用于表示“(某物)需要”时，用主动表被动。The flowers need watering(to b
34、e watered).这些花需要浇水。The floor requires washing(to be washed).地板该洗了。(5)be worth后的动名词用主动表示被动，常用于sth. be worth doing中。His suggestion is worth considering.他的建议值得考虑。This clock is hardly worth repairing.这个钟表几乎不值得修了。三、主动语态与被动语态的转换1.主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。We are painting the rooms.The rooms ar
35、e being painted (by us).They bought ten computers last term.Ten computers were bought last term (by them).注意：把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought.2.主语谓语间接宾语(sb.)直接宾语(sth.)My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a
36、present on my birthday.A present was given to me on my birthday.注意：一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to如bring，give，hand，lend，offer，pass，pay，promise，sell，show，take，teach，tell 等。一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for，如：build，buy，cook，cut，choose，do，fetch，find，fix，get，keep，make，order，paint，play，sing 等。Some wonderful stamps were given
37、to us.一些有趣的邮票被分发给了我们。A new skirt was made for me.有人为我做了一条新裙子。有些既不用to也不用for，而是根据动词与介词的搭配关系。I was asked a question.A question was asked of me.People all over the world know the Great Wall.The Great Wall is known to people all over the world.(不用by短语)3.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语带复合宾语(宾语宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主语结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾
38、语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。We always keep the classroom clean.The classroom is always kept clean.She told us to follow her instructions.We were told to follow her instructions.注意：在see，watch，hear，notice，listen to，look at，make，feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to的问题。We often hea
39、r him play the guitar.He is often heard to play the guitar.注意：带有复合宾语的句子，如果宾语补足语是名词，变被动句时，应将宾语变为主语，不要误把作宾语补足语的名词作主语。Tomatoes were first taken back to Europe and people called them love apples.Tomatoes were first taken back to Europe and they were called love apples.四、下列情况主动句不能改为被动句1.感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意
40、义，如feel，look，seem，taste，sound，remain等。It feels very soft.它感觉很软。The food tastes delicious.食物尝起来很好吃。2.谓语是及物动词leave，enter，reach，suit，have，benefit，lack，own等。He entered the room and got his book.他走进房间拿他的书。She had her hand burned.她的手烧伤了。3.不及物动词没有被动语态，如rise，happen，succeed，remain，lie等。When we got to the top
41、 of the mountain，the sun had already risen.当我们到达山顶时，太阳已经升起来了。After the earthquake，few houses remained.地震过后，房子所剩无几。4.一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place，break out，belong to，lose heart，consist of，add up to等。The fire broke out in the capital building.首都大厦发生了火灾。5.宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v.ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语
42、。I taught myself English.我自学英语。We love each other.我们彼此相爱。6.有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well，badly，easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write，read，clean，sell，wash，cook 等。The cloth washes easily.这布很好洗。The new product sells well.新产品很畅销。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写字很流畅。对比：The books sell well.(主动句
43、)书卖得很好。The books were sold out.(被动句)书已经卖完了。五、特殊句式在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示。It is said that.据说It is reported that.据报道It is supposed that.据推测It is hoped that.希望It is well known that.众所周知It is generally considered that.人们普遍认为It is suggested that.有人建议It is reported that it is going to rain tomorro
44、w.据报道，明天要下雨。It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.众所周知，托马斯爱迪生发明了电灯。ks5u即时跟踪.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Every year in September or October，the MidAutumn Festival is celebrated(celebrate) by the Chinese people all over the world.2.In the old days，dragon boat races were organised(organise) o
45、nly by Chinese people.3.It is called(call) zongzi，which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.4.The boy is so curious that he wants to know what is being discussed(discuss) now in the secret room.5.A talk on how to learn English will be given(give) in the school meeting hall tomorrow afternoon.6.Her
46、 forehead feels(feel) hot.Im afraid she is ill.7.So far no letter has been received(receive) from my friends.8.The old man is seriously ill.He must be sent(must，send) to the hospital at once.将下列句子改为被动语态1.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He was made to have only two meals a day by his do
47、ctor.2.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine must be taken three times a day.3.What can they do to finish the work on time?What can be done by them to finish the work on time?4.My father has damaged his car and the workers are repairing it in the garage.My fathers car has been
48、damaged and is being repaired by the workers in the garage.5.Sometimes I think a passing plane will knock down my house.Sometimes I think my house will be knocked down by a passing plane.6.She rewarded him with a smile.He was rewarded with a smile by her.7.They gave us food as well as money.(1)We we
49、re given food as well as money by them.(2)Food as well as money was given (to) us by them.8.The Smiths are looking after the poor boy.The poor boy is being looked after by the Smiths.1.More efforts，as reported， in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.(2016江苏，22)A.are made B
50、.will be madeC.are being made D.have been made答案B解析考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意为：正如报道的那样，要加快供给侧结构性改革今后几年要付出更多的努力。根据时间状语in the years ahead可知，此处要用一般将来时，再结合主语more efforts与动词make之间为被动关系可知答案为B。2.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts with success in the end.(2016北京，30)A.rewarded B.were
51、 rewardedC.will reward D.will be rewarded答案D解析考查时态和语态。句意为：学生们一直努力学习功课，他们的付出最终会获得成功的。由句意可知，reward这一动作发生在have been working之后，故用将来时态；reward和efforts之间为被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。3.To my delight，I from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.(2015福建，26)A.was chosen B.was being chosenC.would cho
52、ose D.had chosen答案A解析考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：令我高兴的是，在几百个申请者中我被选中参加开幕式了。首先，句子主语I和choose是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；其次，本句是对过去所发生事情的客观描述，所以用一般过去时。4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.(2015四川，4)A.are being built B.will be builtC.have been built D.had been built答案B解析考查时态。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济(发展)
53、。根据时间状语soon可知，此句为将来时，故选B。5.Did you enjoy the party?Yes.We well by our hosts.(2015北京，22)A.were treated B.would be treatedC.treated D.had treated答案A解析考查时态和语态。句意为：你们在晚会上玩得开心吗？很开心，主人把我们招待得很好。根据问句中的did可知用一般过去时；且we和treat是动宾关系，应用被动语态，因此该空应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。6.Unless some extra money ，the theatre will close.(2
54、014大纲全国，22)A.was found B.findsC.is found D.found答案C解析考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：除非找到额外的资金，要不然，这家剧院就得关门了。由句意可知，此处是unless引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，排除A、D两项。题中从句的主语some extra money与动词find之间为被动关系，因此要用被动语态，故排除B项，选C项。.词形变换1.Its OK to leave an electrical (electricity) appliance on so long as you are using itif not
55、, turn it off.2.The president is the most powerful(power) man in America.3.It was the most amazing (amaze) experience of my life.4.Money doesnt always bring happiness (happy).5.I had not enough confidence (confident) to go ahead.单项填空6.Instead of praising your kids for their intelligence，you should y
56、our praise on the effort they put into succeeding at tasks，experts say.A.conduct B.circulateC.concentrate D.allocate答案C解析考查动词词义辨析。句意为：专家们说，你应该注重表扬孩子们成功完成任务所作出的努力，而不应该夸奖孩子聪明。根据句意可知，这里表示把表扬集中在孩子的努力上，故用concentrate表示“集中”。conduct实施，安排；circulate(使)循环；allocate分配，配给。7.The room is empty except for a bookshel
57、f in one corner.A.standing B.to stand C.stands D.stood 答案A解析考查现在分词作定语。bookshelf 和后面动词stand是主动关系，且stand这一动作正在发生，所以答案选A。8.Give me a chance， Ill give you a wonderful surprise.(2014天津，1)A.if B.or C.and D.while答案C解析考查并列连词。“祈使句and陈述句”结构中，and为并列连词，表顺承关系，相当于“If you give me a chance，Ill give you a wonderful
58、surprise.”。9.You are not allowed to go into the meeting room.A secret plan there.A.is being discussedB.is discussedC.was discussedD.is discussing答案A解析句意为：你不许进入会议室。一个秘密计划正在被讨论。由句意知应用现在进行时的被动语态。10.The old teacher ought by his students and fellow teachers.A.to be respected B.be respectedC.to respect D.
59、respected答案A解析考查动词的时态及语态。ought to应该，首先排除B、D两项；the old teacher与respect之间为被动关系，故正确答案为A项。11.Do you have any problems if you this job?Well，Im thinking about the salary.A.offer B.will offerC.are offered D.will be offered答案C解析考查动词语态的应用。根据句子语境“如果给你这份工作”可知需用被动语态；再根据英语习惯，条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，故答案选C项。12.Scientist
60、s have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of has been proved.(2016浙江，11)A.whom B.whichC.what D.that答案B解析考查定语从句。句意为：科学家们已经提出许多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，其中没有一个得到证实。分析句子成分可知，逗号后是“代词ofwhich/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词many theories，指物，故应用 which。13.Have you moved into the new house?Not yet，the ro
61、oms .A.are being painted B.are paintingC.are painted D.are being painting答案A解析the rooms 与paint之间是被动关系，由语境可知应使用现在进行时的被动语态。14.Id like a pen which well.Will this one ？A.writes；do B.writes；workC.is written；do D.is written；work答案A解析在表示某物的属性特征时某些动词通常要用主动形式表被动含义。动词do在此句中的意思是“可以，行，好”；work的意思为“起作用，有效果”。15.Ho
62、w did you like his speech?Oh，it was very good.What he said like poetry.A.sounded B.soundC.was sounded D.is sounded答案A解析考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：你觉得他的讲话怎么样？哦，很棒，他讲的话听起来像诗歌。did，was，said用了过去时，决定sound要用过去时，sound是系动词，不能用于被动语态。一般来说，不及物动词、表静态的及物动词不能用于被动语态。.阅读理解AYou dont have to look far to find concerns about how te
63、chnology will steal our jobs.Its been widely noticed that automation(自动化) is making machines more powerful and shortening the list of current jobs that only a human can do.Over the weekend, I read Martin Fords new book, Rise of the Robots, which looks at how far machines have come.Ford warns of a co
64、ming perfect storm in which mankind has to fight rising inequality, unemployment caused by technology, and climate change.He says finding a way forward may be the greatest challenge of our time.Yes, robots are coming for our current jobs, and thats an issue.But whats especially interesting is the pl
65、ace where Ford says we really need to get some robotshealth care.Ford gives us the explosion of healthcare costs.In 1960, health care was less than 6 percent of the U.S.economy.That increased three times by 2013.The United States spends about double what most industrialized countries spend on health
66、 care.“The danger, is not too many health care robots but too few，” Ford writes.“Technology has affected other employment areas.It is producing inequality and unemployment, as well as falling incomes for most workers in other industries.If technology cant improve the healthcare area, many people wil
67、l be unable to afford health care.”Take a global look at this and it becomes more acceptable to welcome the machines, and to accept that some jobs should disappear.If machines make health care cheaper, then more humans around the world will be able to afford it.The health of humans worldwide would b
68、enefit.Besides, weve seen workers turn to other jobs in the past.As Ford says, nearly half of U.S.workers were employed on farms in the late 1800s.When those jobs disappeared, new ones were found.Ford isnt alone in highlighting our difficult situation here.Venture capitalist Marc Andreessen recently
69、 touched on it with Fortunes Dan Primack.“Everybody complains, Oh, my God, robots are going to kill all the jobs and this is going to be terrible and we need less technology because of that. But then at the same time everybody complains, Oh, my God, look at the rising cost of health care， ” Andreess
70、en told Primack.“If you want to bring down the prices of health care and education, the answer will be more technology.”16.Too few health care robots will lead to .A.unaffordable health careB.more people out of workC.income decreasesD.unequal social status答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第五段前两句可得知答案。17.The example of
71、 farms in the late 1800s in Paragraph 7 shows that .A.technology can help bring down health care costsB.there is no need to worry about job lossC.American workers could find new jobs easilyD.machines will cause workers to lose jobs答案B解析推理判断题。从本段的叙述特别是最后一句“When those jobs disappeared, new ones were f
72、ound.”可以看出，我们没有必要担心因机器人的广泛使用而失去工作。18.What does the underlined part “difficult situation” (Para. 8) refer to?A.How to prevent robots stealing jobs.B.How to reduce health care costs.C.How to apply technology in health care.D.How to balance health care costs and employment.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段，可知我们所处的困惑
73、是如何平衡健康福利的费用与工作岗位的关系，因此这里的difficult situation指的就是这个意思。19.The main purpose of the passage is to .A.raise some concerns about technologyB.argue against rising health care costsC.declare the importance of introducing robots into health careD.warn people of the dangers of health care robots 答案C解析写作意图题。纵
74、观全文，本文的写作目的就是指出引用机器人对于健康福利的重要性。BIn the 1880s，Mark Twain established and operated his own publishing firm.He also became interested in various investments，especially an elaborate typesetting machine.He lost almost 200,000 in investments in the machine between 1881 and 1894.Also，his publishing company
75、 declared bankruptcy(破产) in April 1894.Thus，in January 1895，Mark Twain found himself publicly shamed by his inability to pay his debts.Mark Twain eventually recovered from his financial difficulties，through his continued writing and a successful lecture tour in 1895 and 1896.During this muchpubliciz
76、ed tour，Twain lectured in such places as India，South Africa and Australia.By the time he returned，he had become an international hero.Twain enjoyed this attention，and his habits of smoking cigars or a pipe and wearing unconventional white suits contributed to his showy image.He also made use of his
77、position as a public figure to criticize the US foreign policy.Although he was recovering from his financial problems by 1898，Mark Twain had begun to experience tragedy in his personal life.Susy，his oldest daughter，died of meningitis (脑膜炎) in 1896，while her parents and sister Clara were abroad.In 19
78、03，Mark Twain sold the beloved house in Hartford，which had become too closely associated with Susys death.His wife，Olivia，who had developed a heart condition，died on June 5,1904.His youngest daughter，Jean，died on Dec.24,1909.20.Which is not the reason why Mark Twain found himself in debt?A.Because h
79、e devoted all his energy to his writings.B.Because his publishing firm bankruptcy.C.He lost almost 200,000 in investments in the machine between 1881 and 1894.D.Because he lost a large quantity of money in various investments.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“He also became interested in various investments，espec
80、ially an elaborate typesetting machine.He lost almost 200,000 in investments. inability to pay his debts.”可知，马克吐温破产的原因有：大量投资、投资排字机和出版社破产，只有A项不是其中之一，故选A。21.How did Mark Twain pay off his debts?A.By borrowing money from the bank.B.By investing in foreign countries.C.By writing articles and having a su
81、ccessful lecture tour.D.By printing his own articles and selling them for money.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Mark Twain eventually recovered from his financial difficulties，through his continued writing and a successful lecture tour in 1895 and 1896.”可知，他用写作和演讲来支付债款，故选C。22.It can be inferred that Mark Twain .A.hated smoking cigarsB.liked wearing black clothesC.hated the US foreign policy at that timeD.hated giving lectures in the foreign countries答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“He also made use of his position as a public figure to criticize the US foreign policy.”可知，他不喜欢当时的美国对外政策，故选C。版权所有：高考资源网()
