1、2013届高三英语语法要点精讲（配最新高考+模拟）专题13 虚拟语气【考纲解读】虚拟语气是高考热点，考生需要注意if条件从句中虚拟语气的用法、含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的用法和名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；以及虚拟语气中倒装的出现；虚拟语气用于定语从句等。【知识要点】虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类1.语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。2.语气的种类1)陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。Were you bus
2、y all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊！2)祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如：Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。Dont forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。3)虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观 愿望、假设或推测等。如：If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。I wish I could pass the examinatio
3、n.我希望我能通过考试。May you succeed! 祝您成功！二、简单句中的虚拟语气1.情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如：Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office？请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。2.表祝愿1)常用“may+动词原形”表示“祝愿，但愿”，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）如：May good luck b
4、e yours! 祝你好运！May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就！May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩得痛快。May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。May you be happy. (注意be) 祝你幸福。2)用动词原形，如：Long live the people! 人民万岁！“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！”Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！3.表示强烈愿望（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，
5、第三人称单数也不加“s”）4.表命令1)命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。2)句子尾通常加上感叹号：！ 3)虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present)，如：work, be, go4)否定形式的命令语气，可用助动词do，加上not。Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虚拟语气) 别工作那么卖力。5.在一些习惯表达中，如：Youd better set off now.你最好现在就出发。Id rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气1.宾
6、语从句中的虚拟语气1)在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）：从句用过去时或过去进行时(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be用were，实义动词用过去式。如：I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道)I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能)I wish I wer
7、e a bird.但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能)Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂) 对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）：用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。如：I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadnt wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)He wishes he hadnt lost the chance. 他真
8、希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)： 从句动词“would/should/could/might+动词原形”(时间上较后)(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。如：I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop) 我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)I wish you would be quiet.(would + be) 我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arri
9、ve) 你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到) 注意： 如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。如：I wished I hadnt spent so much money. 我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。如果that 从句中用would, 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求。如：I wish you would help me. 我希望你能帮我。2)在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的that从句应用虚拟语气，且均以should+动词原形表
10、示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move, propose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote表示“决定、命令”的：decide, order表示“主张”的：maintain, urge表示“同意、坚持”的：consent, insist 如：When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and w
11、ater do the job.”当我建议他用刮胡膏时，他说“剃刀和水就行了”。He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work.他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据，直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English speaking country.我们建议学生应在说英语的国家待上两三年。在表示命令、建议
12、、要求等一类动词后面的从句中虚拟语气很普遍，其结构如：order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +. (should) doI suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 我建议我们下周开个会。注意：在insist 后的从句中, 如果是坚持自己, 用陈述语气, 坚持别人做什么事情, 用虚拟语气。 She insists that she is right. 她坚持说她是对的。She insisted that I should f
13、inish the work at once.她一再坚持我应该马上完成这项工作。或者说，suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。判断改错: (错)Your pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.(对)Your pale face suggests that you are ill.(错)I insisted that you (should) be wrong.(对) I insisted that you were wrong. 3)在expect, belie
14、ve, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇、怀疑、不满等。I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier. 我们从来没想到他是个如此勇敢的小战士。4)would rather，would sooner，had rather， would (just) as soon ，would prefer之后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 w
15、ould rather, would sooner, had rather, would (just) as soon，would prefer（希望）也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去时表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。 The manager would rather his daughter did not work in the same office.经理宁愿她女儿不与他在同一间办公室工作。To be frank，Id rather you were not involved in the c
16、ase.坦率地说，我希望你不要卷入这件事。Id rather you didnt make any comment on the issue for the time being.我倒希望你暂时先不要就此事发表意见。注意：若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原形I would rather stay at home today.今天我愿待在家里。would rather.than.中用动词原形I would rather stay at home than go out today. 今天我想待在家里而不想外出。5)“had hoped”后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气用“had ho
17、ped”表示原来希望做到而实际上未能实现的事情，其宾语从句的谓语用“would+动词原形”。I had hoped that she would go to the U.S. and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China.我原本希望她到美国去念书并留在那，但她说她喜欢留在中国。2.主语从句中的虚拟语气1)“It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that.”结构中的虚拟语气在It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that.结构中，使用某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、较好、迫切、紧近、重要等形容词后的主
18、语从句的谓语也用虚拟语气。其表达形式为should 动词原形或省略should直接用动词原形（美国英语中省去should）常用的形容词：natural (自然的), appropriate (适当的),advisable (合适的), preferable (更可取的), better (更好的)，necessary (必须的), important (重要的), imperative (急需的), essential (本质的), vital (必不可少的)，probable (很可能的), possible (可能的) desirable (极好的)，advisable（合理的），comp
19、ulsory（必须的），crucial（紧急的），incredible（惊人的），necessary（必要的），possible（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（紧迫的）。常用的过去分词(Past Participle): required (需要的), demanded (要求), requested (被请求), desired (要求)，suggested (建议), recommended (推荐)，orderd (命令) 如：It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as p
20、ossible.这些申请表应尽早地寄回，这是很重要的。It is vital that enough money be collected to fund the project.重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。注意：在上述所列形容词后面用that引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。I dont think it advisable that Tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的。2）在It is 名词that.的主语从句中的虚拟语气在It is 名词that的
21、主语从句中，常用虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等。这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，motion，order，pity，preference，proposal，recommendation，requirement，resolution，shame，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。如：It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad.我建议派他去国外深造。3.虚拟语气用在表语从句或同位语从句中当某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名
22、词作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为should 动词原形或直接用动词原形。这类名词常见的有： demand (要求), desire (请求),requirement (要求)，advice (劝告), recommendation (建议),suggestion (建议)，order (命令)，necessity (必要地), preference (优先)，proposal (计划), plan (计划), idea (办法)， recommendation以及resolution等。如：We are all for your proposal that th
23、e discussion be put off.我们都赞成你提出的将讨论延期的建议。The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes was accepted by everyone.由市长颁发奖金的建议被每个人接受。【考点诠释】虚拟语气考点透析 考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法 1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were）+其他成分+if+should/would/could.+动词原形+其他成分。例如： If it were not for the fact that she _ sing，I would
24、invite her to the party. A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.cant D.might not 解析 句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。正确答案为C。 2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could.+have done+其他成分。例如： If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But it _ all day. A.rained
25、B.rains C.has rained D.is raining 3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分+if+should/would/could.+动词原形+其他成分。例如： If I _ plan to do anything I want to，Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to 解析 句意为：如果我能够计划做我想做的事情，我想去西藏并
26、且尽可能多玩一些地方。句子描述的是与将来事实相反的事情，所以正确答案为B。 考点二、含蓄虚拟条件句 这样的虚拟句不含有if从句，而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if从句，主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。例如： Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think we _ it without you. A.can manage B.could have managed C.could managed D.can have managed 解析 由语境可知这里要表达的意思是
27、：如果没有你们辛勤的工作，我们不可能处理好这件事。很显然，这是对过去发生的事实的虚拟，所以要用could have done，故应选B。 考点三、主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句 在有些虚拟条件句中，主从句时间不一致，应根据不同情况区别对待。例如： Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallen C.s
28、hould fall D.were to fall 解析 句意为：如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的Melinda Cox图书馆的话，很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情，从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为B。 考点四、名词性从句中的虚拟语气 在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，从句中的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。例如：
29、Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York？ I agree，but the problem is _ he has refused to. A.will not be sent；that B.not be sent；that C.should not be sent；what D.should not send；what 考点五、wish/if only/would rather从句中的虚拟语气 具体说来其基本结构为：wish/if only/would rather+主语+动词一般过去时（表示与现在事实相反，
30、其中be动词用were）/动词过去完成时（表示与过去事实相反）/would+动词原型（表示与将来事实相反）。例如： Look at the trouble Im in，if only I _ your advice！ A.followed B.would follow C.had followed D.should follow 解析 句意为：看我目前的困境，要是我听你的建议就好了。其描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为C。 典题链接1. She might have been in time for the train, but she _ late.A. startedB. has s
31、tartedC. was to startD. had started答案：A解析：本题考查动词语气。might have done表示与过去事实相反，因此but后用一般过去时态表示实际发生的事。2. I lost your cell phone number, otherwise, I _ you long before.A. had calledB. have calledC. would have calledD. should call答案：C解析：根据时间状语long before，可知这是对过去的假设，要是知道你的手机号码，我早就给你打电话了。3.Its so near! We s
32、hould have walked there.Yes, a taxi _ necessary at all.A. wasntB. isntC. hadnt beenD. wont be答案：A解析：这是一道根据情态动词+have done判断时态的题目。我们知道这个结构只可能有两种时态：过去时和现在完成时，对话内容是恍然发现目的地离得很近，所以本没必要打车，是对过去的虚拟，表示后悔的心情。真实的过去是坐了出租车的。4. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.A. WouldB. ShouldC. Mig
33、htD. If答案：B解析：if引导的虚拟将来的结构是：if.should/were to do.,.would do.这个句式可以倒装，变成：were.to do/should .do.,.would do.。5._ the traffic jam, we would have arrived earlier.A. In spite ofB. Because ofC. But forD. Due to答案：C解析：这是一个含蓄的if虚拟条件句，相当于:If it hadnt been for the traffic jam, we would have arrived earlier. bu
34、t for=without,要不是。6. Without your timely help, we _ in big trouble that day.A. had beenB. would beC. would have beenD. were答案：C解析：本题同第五题。相当于if it hadnt been for your timely help, we would have been in trouble that day.7. Its high time you _ to make the decision yourself.A. shall learnB. learnC. lear
35、ntD. have learnt答案： C解析：Its high time+从句表建议时要用were式虚拟语气，从句中用过去式。8. If you _ me earlier, you _ sorry now.A. had listened to; wouldnt have beenB. were to listen to; shouldnt have beenC. had listened to; wouldnt beD. listened to; wouldnt be答案：C解析：此题是一个混合虚拟语气题，从句是对过去的假设，所以根据if虚拟条件句的规则，要用过去完成时，而主句部分讲的是目前
36、的情况所以要用would + do。9.Im feeling terribly drunk now.Well, Id rather you _ like a fish in the party.A. didnt drinkB. hadnt drunkC. werent drinkingD. not drink10. The man insisted that he_ nothing wrong and _ free.A. did; setB. had done; should be setC. do; be setD. had done; must be set答案：B解析：insist只有表
37、示在建议的时候才用虚拟语气，如果是陈述事实的话就不用虚拟语气。所以他说he had done nothing是事实，不是要求。后面的句子才是要求，所以后面用“should do”式虚拟语气结构。11. If only I _ an umbrella! I was wet through.A. tookB. should takeC. had takenD. take答案：C解析：if only引导were式主观愿望虚拟语气句，“如果就好了”根据规则，对过去虚拟用过去完成时。【试题放送】【2012江西卷】22We have bought so much food now that Suzie w
38、ont be with us for dinner.Amay notBneedntCcantDmustnt 【答案】B【考点】考察情态动词的用法【解析】may not不可以，neednt不需要，cant不可能， mustnt绝不可能本句句意为：既然Suzie不和我们一起吃晚饭，所以我们就不需要买这么多食物。【2012湖南29. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had【答案】D【考点】此题考查条件状语
39、从句中的虚拟语气。【解析】从句中用一般过去时表现在的假设。动词的时态 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 一般过去式表对现在的假设 【2012重庆卷】25.-_you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone? -Sorry Sir, but its urgent. A. Can B. Should C. Must D. Would【考点】情态动词用法【答案】 C【解析】句意：“你现在一定要打断我吗？难道你不能看到我在打电话吗？对不起，先生，事情很急。”根据语境结合选项的词义，C选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为C选项。【2012辽宁卷】24. One of o
40、ur rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school. A. might B. could C. shall D. will【考点】情态动词【答案】C【解析】Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。这儿是说根据学校规定学生在校时都必须要穿校服。【2012四川卷】19. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I _ do in China.A. must B. migh
41、t C. can D. should 【答案】 B 【考点】本题考查情态动词。【解析】句意为：我靠他们足够的近以听见他们说汉语，而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你好”。might表示“可能”。故选B。【2012陕西卷】17. If may car _more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. was B. had beenC. should be D. would be【答案】B 【考点】考查虚拟语气。【解析】根据主语的谓语动词可知题干是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用h
42、ad done，选B。【2012陕西卷】23.I_ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. A. wont B. cant C. can D. will 【答】B 【考点】考查情态动词。【解析】所填情态动词与too 构成固定句型cant/couldnt too，意思是：再都不为过，选B。【2012北京卷】33. We _ the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?A. should face B. might face C
43、. could have faced D. must have faced【答案】 C。【考点】虚拟语气考点，对过去的虚拟，本能。【解析】虚拟语气考点，对过去的虚拟，本能。【2012北京卷】35. Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel.A. is B. were C. has been D. had been【答案】B。【考点】虚拟语气考点，【解析】对现在的虚拟用were。【2012全国II】17. Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money
44、.A. can B. might C. would D. need【答案】A【解析】此处考查了can的本意“能”，表示“能力”。句意：我要和John一起去欧洲度假，如果我能找到钱。【考点】考查情态动词的用法。15. 【2012天津卷】 We wouldnt have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _us a ride home.【D】A. didnt offerB. wouldnt offerC. hasnt offeredD. hadnt offered8【2012天津卷】 Its quite warm here; we _turn the heatin
45、g on yet.【C】A. couldnt B. mustntC. neednt D. wouldnt【2012全国新课程】30. I use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.A. couldnt B. mustntC. shouldnt D. neednt【答案】D【解析】此处考查情态动词，neednt+动词原形表示：没有必要做某事。句意：我没有必要用闹钟唤醒我，因为每天早上6点火车都经过我的房子。【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【2012山东卷】30. I
46、f we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. A. havent madeB. wouldnt makeC. didnt make D. hadnt made【答案】D【解析】在虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done的形式。句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会这样成功。【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【2011全国卷II,8】If you smoke, please go outside. A. can B. should C
47、. must D. may【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。【2011北京卷,24】I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
48、【解析】句意为“我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。【2011北京卷,28】Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they always late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been【答案】A【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“孩子们哪儿去了？这
49、顿饭快要吃不起来了。我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。【2011北京卷,30】Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying【答案】C【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用
50、过去完成时。选C。【2011天津卷,15】I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didnt know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。【2011上海春招,27】Some young p
51、eople these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A. mustntB. wontC. mightntD. shouldnt【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustnt禁止，不允许；wont不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主观性；mightnt可能不；shouldnt不应该。根据句意选B。【2011江苏卷,34】I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to
52、 a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成，must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与
53、题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。【2011福建卷,25】Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .A.will B.must C.may D.can【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到
54、。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句，选B。【2011福建卷,34】Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A.attended B.had attended C.would sttend D.would have attended【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would /
55、could / might + have done表达，故选D。【2011安徽卷, 26】What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _.A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“你对将来的商店购物怎么看？我个人
56、认为会与在家购物并存，但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with home shopping，排除虚拟的选项D，这是表示将来的时间，考虑到被动语态，选C。【2011浙江卷,11】Hows your new babysitter?We _ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. should B. might C. mustnt D. couldnt【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“你的新保姆怎么样？找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该；m
57、ight可能，可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。【2011四川卷,20】The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they .A.can B.may C.must D.should【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can可以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A。【2011重庆卷,25】Why didnt you come to Simons party las
58、t night? I wanted to ,but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. should【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？我想来的，但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。【2011陕西卷,22】I_through that bitter period
59、without your generous help. A. couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone【答案】A【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选A。【2011陕西卷,24】Will you read me a story ,Mummy? OK. You_have one if you go
60、to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“妈妈，可以读一个故事给我听吗？好的，如果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，题中是母亲对儿子的承诺，故选D。【2011湖南卷,28】No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A. can B. need C. must D. might【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解
61、析】句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以，能够；need需要；must必须；might可能。故根据题意，选A。【2011辽宁卷,21】If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. can B. may C. must D. will【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“如果你非得走话，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”can可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。【2011江西卷23】It _ be the postman at the do
62、or. Its only six oclock.A. mustnt B.cant C.wont D.neednt【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。”mustnt 禁止，不允许；cant 不可能；wont 不愿意，就是不，偏不；neednt 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。【2011江西卷28】We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。”but for 是虚拟语气的提示，yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选B。
