1、情态动词在最近几年的高考语法填空中还没有直接考查过，但这并不意味着今后也不会考。另外，熟练掌握情态动词的用法，对准确理解语法填空、完形填空、阅读理解、听力理解中含有情态动词的句子是很有益处的，在写作中也可能会用到情态动词，因此，我们应当学好情态动词。尤其要掌握好常用情态动词的用法。一、9大情态动词的基本用法情态动词主要用法典句例示can/could表示能力He can play table tennis quite well.表示理论上的可能性，“有时候可能会”Even an experienced teacher can make mistakes.表示请求和允许表示请求，口语中常用coul
2、d代替canYou can have my seat.Im going now. Could you give me a hand？may/might表示请求、允许、许可，might比may的语气更委婉You may use my dictionary. Might I have a look at your new computer？must表示“必须；应该”We must study hard and make progress every day.表示“偏要，硬要”做某事If you must smoke，please go out.shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意
3、见Shall I open the door？用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁；此外，当颁布法律、规定时也用shallYou shall get an answer from me by tomorrow. He shall go first，whether he wants or not.This law shall come into effect on May lst.should表示劝告和建议，作“应该”讲You should learn from each other.表示惊讶、意外等情绪，意为“竟然”I cant bear that he shou
4、ld speak ill of me.用在if条件句中，表示可能性很小，但也不是完全不可能If anyone should come，say Im not at home.will/would用于表示意志或意愿I have told him again and again to stop smoking，but he will not listen.表示“请求；建议”。用would比will委婉、客气些Would you like some more coffee？表示习惯：will可以表示现在的习惯，意为“总是；习惯于”。表示过去的习惯性动作用wouldShe will sit for ho
5、urs reading in the afternoon. When he was young，he would listen to music alone in his room.表示事物的某种性质和倾向Wood will float on the water.续表need表示“需要；必要”，用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中Need we take the test？No，we neednt.dare表示“敢；敢于”，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用于肯定句。I dare say是习惯说法，意为“我想，大概”How dare you talk like that？ought to表
6、示义务，意为“应当”，语气比should强，表示不十分肯定或含蓄的推测，意为“应是，应该 ”Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations. He ought to be home by now.二、3组易混情态动词用法比较情态动词主要用法典句例示can(could)/be able tocan/couldcan只有现在式和过去式could，表示一般能力I am starving to death.I can eat two bowls of rice.be able to有更多的形式，was/were able to表示通过努力、克服困难做成某事
7、The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.must/have tomust侧重表示说话人的主观看法；只有一种形式We must rely on ourselves.have to表示客观需要，有不同的形式I have to give it up because of my illness.would/used towould表示过去习惯性或重复性的动作，没有与现在对比的含义，不可用于无人称句或存在句Last year，our English teacher would some
8、times tell stories after class.used to表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，强调今昔对比，可用于无人称句或存在句He told us he used to play football when he was young.考点警示(1)can的一些常用固定搭配cannot but do sth/cannot help but do sth/cannot choose but do sth表示“不得不，只好”cannot/can never.enough/too再也不为过(2)may的一些常用固定搭配may well动词原形意为“完全能，很可能”，may as
9、well动词原形意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”(3)mustnt表示“禁止”“不许做某事”回答用need提问的问句时与回答用must提问的问句时一样，肯定回答用must，否定回答要用neednt或dont have to。I cannot choose but go. 我只好去。You cannot be careful enough.你再细心也不为过。Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her.她的模样变化太大，你很可能认不出她了。You may as well do it at once.你最好
10、马上就做这件事。三、5大表示推测的情态动词用法比较情态动词适用句式适用时态意义典句例示must肯定句一般时、进行时、完成时一定、肯定You must be hungry after the long walk. He must be sleeping in the dormitory.can(could)疑问句，否定句一般时、进行时、完成时可能，能够She cant be reading in the reading room now. Can/Could this be an excuse for that？may(might)肯定句，否定句一般时、进行时、完成时也许，可能He may no
11、t be happy. He may be playing basketball on the playground.续表should(ought to)肯定句一般时确定或期待，“应该”He should be around sixty years old.(确定)Its nearly seven oclock.Jack should be here at the moment.(期待)will(would)肯定句、否定句、疑问句一般时、进行时、完成时大概He will have forgotten me.I left him 18 years ago. It would be about t
12、en when he left home.四、“情态动词have done”用法类型构成用法句式典句例示对过去的推测must have done表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“想必/准是/一定做了某事”。肯定You must have gone to bed late last night.Your eyes are red.can/could have done表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定否定、疑问He cannot have forgotten it.may/might have done表示对过去已发生的行为的推测，意为“也许/或许/已经(没有)”。肯定、否定Its too
13、 late.I think he may have gone to bed.表示后悔、责备或遗憾could have done表示过去没有实现的可能性，意为“本来可以”肯定The accident could have been avoided.should/ought to have done表示本该做某事而实际上未做肯定、否定You are late.You ought to have arrived five minutes earlier.neednt have done表示做了本来不必做的事否定I actually neednt have bought so much wineonl
14、y three people came.had better have done用于事后的建议，含轻微责备的口吻，意为“当时最好做了某事”肯定、否定You had better have started earlier.would rather have done表示“当时宁愿做了某事”肯定、否定I would rather have taken his advice.1情态动词不能单独作谓语，必须与其它动词一起作谓语。另外，(1)后面接动词原形。(2)没有人称和数的变化。(3)变为疑问句或否定句时不需要加助动词，而是将情态动词移至主语前变为疑问句，在情态动词后加not，构成否定句。2掌握一些
15、有关情态动词的常用句型，在语法填空题中极易考查到。如：cannot.too无论怎样也不过分，You cannot be too careful while driving.开车时你越小心越好。cannot wait to do迫不及待地做He couldnt wait to see the film.他非常渴望看这部电影。cannot(help)but do不得不做，只好做She couldnt but agree to my idea.她只好同意我的想法。cannot help it没有办法cannot help doing情不自禁地做may well有充分的理由可以You may well
16、 be proud of him.你有足够的理由为他骄傲。may/might as well最好，不妨。3个别情态动词的特殊用法(1)must可以转化为名词，意思是“必需的东西”，如：Comfortable shoes are a must when going hiking in the mountains.去山路远足时，舒适的鞋子是必需的。(2)行为动词need，dare有人称和数的变化，后接名词、代词、动词不定式，动词v.ing形式及复合宾语，如The question needs to be discussedThe question needs discussing.学 以 致 用.
17、单句填空用must，can，may，might，shall，should，neednt，mustnt填空1Will you read me a story，Mummy?OK.You _have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.2Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you _，in case he comes late for the meeting.3If you _go，at least wait until the storm is o
18、ver.4No one _be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.Oh，you are really his big fan.5It _be the postman at the door.Its only six oclock.6I _worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.7Just be patient.You _expect the world to change so soon.8May I take this book out of
19、the reading room?No，you _.You read it in here.9You _park here！Its an emergency exit.10I cant leave.She told me that I _stay here until she comes back.11I dont really like James.Why did you invite him?Dont worry.He _not come.He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.12I left my handbag on the trai
20、n，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back！I mean，someone _have stolen it.13Good morning.Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.Ah，good morning.You _be Mrs.Peters.14Im afraid Mr.Harding _see you now.Hes busy.15It _have been Tom tha
21、t parked the car here，as he is the only one with a car.16Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they _just be quiet people.17The traffic is heavy this day；I _arrive a bit late，so could you save me a place?18What do you mean，there are only ten tickets？There _be twelve.19Hi，Tom
22、.Any idea where Jane is?She _be in the classroom.I saw her there just now.20It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it _be rather cold sometimes.答案1.shall2.must3.must4.can5.cant6neednt7.cant8.mustnt9.mustnt10must11.may/might12.might/could13.must14.cant15.must16.may17.might18should19.must20.ca
23、n.语篇填空，在空格处填入适当的情态动词，使上下文意义通顺Despite the fact that you _1_wear school uniform every day，you _2_still find yourself a place at the cutting edge(领先地位)of fashion.From coloured shoelaces to special snacks (零食)，this is what the cool kids in your class believe in for the summer.It _3_not be practical for
24、you to have a new pair of shoes every day，but moving from one colour shoelaces to another _4_show your desire for a new look.Bright coloursred，green，light gold，pink，purple，are the top choices.There are also sports laces that come in colour combinations，such as red/white and red/black.You _5_even try
25、 to lace up your sports shoes in two colours!Has changing cell phone accessories(小挂件)become part of your life？Although you _6_not be able to afford the most advanced phone，you _7_still decorate it.Girls _8_prefer fluffy(毛茸茸的)Teddy Bears that change colour according to the temperature，while many boys
26、 like taking accessories that say things such as “The teacher is coming.”Try sticking photos(大头照)They are cheap，convenient and _9_be carried around in your wallet.You _10_even choose special backgrounds of cartoon figures to show your individuality(个性)答案1.have to2.can3.may4.can/will5.can/may6may7.can8.may9.can10. can/may任何人的爱，应当是意识清醒、思维聪智的感情。应当是高尚精神的爱。但是这种爱又是什么呢？即是生活，即是精神，即是光辉：如果没有爱，则万物自身的生活是死气沉沉，如果没有爱，则万物自身的生长是七拼八凑，如果没有爱，则所见的是一片漆黑。爱的现实性是高尚的、完整的，在这种现实性之外的爱，只是妄想的目迷于色的、有形式无内容的，在似是而非的境界中虚无缥缈的爱。爱的心灵是智慧的思维，爱自身在实际的幸福方面播撒着它的表现的力量。别林斯基
