1、 话题素材好词1footstep n. 脚步 2.wild adj. 荒凉的；荒芜的；野外的3unforgettable adj. 难忘的 4.adventurous adj. 冒险的5quietly adv. 悄悄地 6.bravely adv. 勇敢地7word_came_that. 消息传来 8.hold ones breath 屏住呼吸9be close to 靠近10throw.onto the ground 把摔倒在地11rise_to_ones_feet 站起来 12.be_set_in 以为背景13go_through many difficulties 经历许多困难14hav
2、e an effect on. 对有影响15win the Nobel Prize in_literature 获得诺贝尔文学奖佳句1The film is usually more_interesting and it is easier to_follow.电影通常更有趣而且更容易理解。2My brother thinks by_reading_quietly_in_a_situation_of_his_own he can better understand the authors ideas.我哥哥认为独自静心地读能更好地理解作者的思想。3He thinks to read the_o
3、riginal_work is better than to see the_film_based_on_it.他认为读原著比看由原著改编的电影更好。4The short story is a difficult art form to_master.短篇小说是一种很难掌握的艺术形式。精美语篇A brave boy lived near a forest. One day word came that a cruel wolf in the forest had killed many sheep， so he decided to kill the wolf. He walked quiet
4、ly into a wilder place in the forest alone and looked around. Then， suddenly， he heard footsteps. He stood still and waited， holding his breath. When the animal was very close to him， he jumped out of his hiding place and held it round its neck. Instead of trying to bite him， it threw him onto the g
5、round. He rose to his feet bravely and looked at the animal， only to find it was a little cow. He was disappointed， but he faced what he thought was a great danger and it was an unforgettable adventurous experience for him. 高频单词1account (n.) 叙述；描写；报道；账户(vt.) 解释；说明2companion (n.) 同伴；伙伴3panic (vt.) (使
6、)恐慌；(使)惊慌失措(n.) 恐慌；惊慌4tie (vt.) (用绳、带等)绑，系，拴5disturb (vt.) 打扰，扰乱6resemble (vt.) 与相似7warn (vt.) 警告8solve (vt.) 解决solution (n.) 解决办法9lie (vi.) 说谎；撒谎liar (n.) 说谎者10murderer (n.) 凶手；谋杀犯murder (vt.) 谋杀11curious (adj.) 好奇的curiosity (n.) 好奇心curiously(adv.) 好奇地12fright (n.) 恐惧；害怕frighten (vt.) 使害怕/恐惧frighte
7、ning (adj.) 令人害怕的frightened (adj.) 感到害怕的13terrified (adj.) 非常害怕的；极度恐慌的terrify (vt.) 使惊恐14create (vt.) 塑造；创作creation (n.) 创作；作品creative (adj.) 创造性的15determined (adj.) 坚决的determine (v.) 决定determination (n.) 决心 重点短语1play_a_trick_on_sb.捉弄某人；对某人恶作剧2make_up 编造(说法、解释等)；组成；给(某人)化妆；弥补3set_off 出发；启程4have_conn
8、ection_with 与有联系/有关联5run_away (秘密地)逃跑6by_the_light_of 借助的光线7be/feel_in_the_mood_(for_sth./to_do_sth.)有意(做某事)；有(做某事的)心情8make_ones_fortune 发财9set_(a_play,_novel,_etc.)_in 设置(戏剧、小说等的)背景10lead/live_a.life 过着的生活 热点句型1It looks as if.“看起来好像”“It looks as_if itll go under soon，” Jim said, after a couple of m
9、inutes.(教材P22)过了几分钟，吉姆说道：“它看起来好像很快就要沉下去了。”2see sb.doing “看见某人在做”It was quite dark, but I could see_a_man_lying on the floor, tied up with rope.(教材P22)天漆黑一片，但我能看见一个人躺在地上，被绳子捆着。3determined to do. 形容词作伴随状语He left school early, and as an adolescent, determined_to_make his fortune in South America, set o
10、ff from his home in Hannibal, Missouri, for New Orleans.(教材P29)他很早就离开了学校，作为青少年，他决定到南美洲发财。他从位于密苏里州的家乡汉尼拔出发到新奥尔良。4taking passengers up and down the Mississippi 现在分词作伴随状语Forced to change his plans, he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat, taking_passengers_up_and_down_the_Mississippi.(教材P
11、29)被迫改变他的计划，他在一艘轮船上作为领船员工作了几年，带领乘客在密西西比河上来来回回。5only to do.作结果状语，表示一种想象不到、出乎意料的结果。He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only_to_find that there were no boats for South America.(教材P29)他身无分文来到新奥尔良的时候，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。 教材复现在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1We stayed inside the shelter we _
12、(build) and let the raft sail down the river.答案：had built2It had hit a rock and was half _ and half out of the water.答案：in3We were sailing straight _ it.答案：towards4When he heard these words, Jim panicked and _(run) to the raft.答案：ran5He was _ (obvious) the one who had threatened the man on the floor
13、.答案：obviously6The steamboat will sink in a couple of hours and he _ (go) down with it.答案：will go7We climbed quietly in and as we paddled away we heard the two men _(shout)答案：shouting8Like Huck, Mark Twain led _ adventurous life.答案：an9He wanted to take a boat to the Amazon, _ he thought he could get
14、rich quickly.答案：where10Later he became a journalist and began writing stories _ life on the river.答案：about1accountn叙述；描写；报道；账目；原因vt.解释；说明History is a true account of the past.(P21)历史是对过去的描述。(1)account for 解释；说明；导致；占(比例)(2)take.into accounttake account of.take.into consideration 把考虑在内，斟酌on account of
15、 因为；由于on_no_account 决不(位于句首句子要部分倒装)give_an account of 叙述；描述；说明open an account 开户头keep accounts 记账2015福建高考It is said that body language accounts_for 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。2014浙江高考，完形填空I was a new teacher, and I gave an honest acco
16、unt of the students work.我是一个新老师，对学生的作业给出了诚实的描述。The difficulty is that it did not take the human mind into_account.困难之处在于它没有将人类的思想考虑在内。牛津词典She retired early on_account_of ill health.她体弱多病，所以提前退休。朗文高级辞典Ive opened_an_account with Barclays Bank.我在巴克莱银行开了一个账户。特别提示on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，类似用法
17、的还有：by no means, in no way, in no case, on no condition, under no circumstances, at no time等。On_no_account can the reference books be removed from the library.绝不能将参考书带出图书馆。2lievt.说谎；躺；位于n谎言A mans angry voice answered, “Youre lying.”(P22)一个男人生气地回答，“你在撒谎。”(1)lie to sb. 对某人撒谎lie down 躺下lie on ones back
18、/side/stomach 仰卧/侧卧/俯卧lie in/on/to 位于lie in在于(2)a white lie 善意的谎言a black lie 恶意的谎言tell a_lie/lies 说谎2014课标全国卷We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sit by the lake listening to music.我们可以躺在草坪上休息，或者坐在湖边听音乐。2014辽宁高考Can I lie about seeing a text because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it?我可以因为太忙或太
19、懒不回复信息而撒谎说没看到信息吗？2013四川高考Sometimes when I feel lost, I lie_down and shut my eyes, and I go home.有时我感到迷路了，我就躺下，闭上双眼，然后回家。2015湖北高考There is no doubt that this candidates advantage lies_in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他用英语与外国人交流的能力。牛津词典Dont lie_to me.别对我撒谎！易混辨析含义原
20、形过去式过去分词现在分词说明躺lielaylainlying不及物动词说谎lieliedliedlying不及物动词放；下蛋laylaidlaidlaying及物动词The little boy lying on the ground lied that his cock laid an egg.躺在地上的小男孩撒谎说他的公鸡下了一个蛋。3disturbvt.打扰，使不安Who is it disturbing me at this time of night？(P25)到底是谁在晚上这个时间打扰我？(1)Dont disturb! 请勿打扰！Sorry to_disturb you. 对不起
21、，打扰一下。be_disturbed_by 因而不安，被扰乱(2)disturbing adj.令人不安的a disturbing problem 一个令人不安的问题(3)disturbance n. 干扰，妨碍，动乱，失调2014湖南高考People should not do things which will disturb their neighbo(u)rs unnecessarily.人们不应该做打扰他们邻居的事情。2014辽宁高考The early morning barking has_been_disturbing us as we are often up all nigh
22、t with the baby.由于我们经常熬夜照顾小孩，大清早的狗叫声一直困扰着我们。牛津词典I was deeply disturbed and depressed by the news.这消息使我深感不安和沮丧。4warnvt.警告，告诫，提醒“Mark Twain”， which means “watermark two”， was a call used by sailors on the Mississippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shallow water.(P29)马克吐温的意思是“水深两尺”，这主要是被密
23、西西比河上的水手用来提醒船员他们已经进入浅水区。(1)warn sb. of sth. 警告/提醒某人注意某事warn sb. (not)_to_do sth. 提醒某人(不)做某事warn sb. against_(doing) sth. 提醒某人提防/不做某事(2)warning n. 警告；提醒without warning 没有预告地；突然地2014山东高考，完形填空With that warning,_he took the bird and put it back into its cage.听到那个警告，他拿起鸟把它放回了笼子。2012四川高考，完形填空Huggons diale
24、d 911, and the operator warned him not_to_enter the house.Huggons拨打了911，接线员告诉他不要进入那幢房子。牛津词典Police have_warned_of possible delays.警方已经通知交通可能受阻。5determinedadj.坚决的，有决心的He left school early, and as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South America.(P29)他很早离开学校，作为青少年，就下定决心到南美去发财(1)determined
25、 adj.决意的，坚决的；坚定的be determined to_do sth. 决心做某事(2)determine v下决心；查明；裁决determine sb. to_do sth. 使某人下决心做某事determine to_do sth. 决定做某事(动作)determine that. 决心/决定determine on/upon 决定(3)determination n决心come_to a determination 下定决心2014江西高考，阅读理解AThere were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was deter
26、mined to_visit all of them.在这个地区有许多潜水的地方，Larry下决心把所有的都参观了。2012大纲全国卷，阅读理解CFacial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships.我们的面部表情所传达的意义是由所处的环境和人与人之间的关系来决定的。人教3She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she wouldnt change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。过关演练在空白
27、处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式12014四川高考She was surprisingly unafraid and seemed to be curious _ what he was doing.答案：about22014辽宁高考，阅读理解BWhy waste a perfectly good _(lie) when the truth will serve?答案：lie32014湖南高考Neighbo(u)rs should do all they can to avoid _(disturb) other people.答案：disturbing42015湖北高考I
28、would like _ (warn) you in advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.答案：to warn52015福建高考He was _ (determine) that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education.答案：determined6_(take) his abilities into account, we found he is the right person.答案：Taking7He was _(force) to change his
29、mind.答案：forced8He was one of my Chinese _(company) during my stay in America.答案：companions9Recent studies warn people _ drinking too much coffee.答案：against10He is a man of _(determine)答案：determination 1make up 编造(说法、解释等)；化妆；组成；和好；整理；弥补I decided to go to the next village and make up a story about the
30、 steamboat.(P25)我决定去下一个村子去编造一个有关汽船的故事。(1)make up for 补偿，弥补make up ones mind 下决心be made up_of. 由组成(2)make out 理解；看出，辨认出make it 及时到达；成功；约定时间make for 朝走去；有利于，倾向于2013天津高考In some languages, 100 words make_up half of all words used in daily conversations.在一些语言中，100个单词占了日常对话中所使用的单词的一半。2012广东高考It is_made_up
31、_of people from the highest income groups in the United States.它是由美国收入最高的团体组成的。译林2I cant make_out what the article says.我无法理解这篇文章讲的是什么。外研3They have quarreled seriously three times but each time they have_made_up and become best friends again.她们之间发生过三次激烈的争吵，但每次都重归于好。牛津词典He never really made_it as an
32、actor.他从来就不是一个成功的演员。朗文高级辞典Palin didnt travel much as a young man but hes certainly made_up_for lost time now.帕林年轻时不怎么旅游，但他现在显然已经补回来了。过关演练选词填空set down； make up； have connection with； set up； be made up of； make it； make up ones mind； carry out12014陕西高考Ralph W. Emerson would always _new ideas that occ
33、urred to him.答案：set down22014安徽高考阅读BThe government announced the _ of a special fund.答案：setting up32014山东高考They _ that they would buy a new house once Larry changed jobs.答案：made up their minds42013上海高考The school board _ parents who have been elected to make decisions about school affairs.答案：is made
34、up of52013课标全国卷It was a real race against time to get the project done. Luckily, we _.答案：made it6I have a lot of work to _ since I have been ill for quite a few days.答案：make up7The story _ reality.答案：has connection with8I had some difficulty in _ the plan.答案：carrying out1“It looks as_if itll go unde
35、r soon，” Jim said, after a couple of minutes.(P22)过了几分钟吉姆说：“看起来似乎很快就要沉下去了。”(1)as if引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气。(2)as if引导的从句的动作发生的可能性较大，从句的谓语动词用陈述语序。(3)as if引导的从句中主语与主句中的主语一致，并且从句中又含有系动词be的变化形式时，省略从句中的主语和系动词。2014重庆高考It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had_done it?是约
36、翰打碎了玻璃。为什么你和我谈话时，好像是我打碎的一样？2014山东高考You can brush with the Kolibree as if guided_by a dentist.你可以用Kolibree这种牙刷，刷起来好像有牙医在指导一样。2013江西高考Then, just as it seemed_as_if she would slip beneath the surface, she heard a calm voice.然后，正当她好像要滑到水面以下时，她听到了一个冷静的声音。牛津词典He behaved as if nothing had_happened.他表现得若无其事
37、。朗文高级辞典Mrs Crump looked_as_if she was going to explode.克伦普太太看起来好像要大发雷霆。2He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only_to_find that there were no boats for South America.(P29)他身无分文来到新奥尔良的时候，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。(1)onlyto do.为动词不定式作结果状语通常放在主句的后面，并且常表示出人意料的结果，意为“没想到；结果却；不料”(2)不定式作状语的其他用法：To_l
38、earn_a_language_well,_you must make painstaking efforts.要学好一门语言，必须下苦功夫。(表示目的)Her eyesight is too poor to_read_such_small_letters.她视力太弱，看不见这么小的字母。(表示结果)Im very glad to_see_her_in_such_good_health.看见她身体这样健康，我很高兴。(表示原因)One would be careless not to see the mistake.如果一个人看不到那个错误，他一定很粗心。(表示条件) 2014天津高考Anxi
39、ously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only_to_find it didnt fit.她急切地将衣服从包装袋里拿了出来，试穿了一下，结果发现不合身。牛津词典Im sorry to_hear that.我听到这消息很难过。过关演练完成句子1She was shaking with fright _ a ghost.她吓得直哆嗦，就好像看见了鬼一样。答案：as if she had seen2We hurried to the airport, _.我们匆忙赶到机场，结果发现我们的朋友早已经离开了。答案：on
40、ly to find our friends had gone3I want you to _ each sum of the money you spent.我要你说明你所花掉的每一笔钱的用途。答案：account for4She stood at the gate _ for someone.她站在门口好像在等人。答案：as if waiting52013山东高考It _ everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.好像除了我之外所有人都有了朋友，而且很快乐。答案：seemed as if动词的时态(3)表示情感类动词的“ing”
41、与“ed”意义表达区别如：terrify, excite, interest, puzzle, tire, bore, frighten, satisfy, confuse, disappoint, surprise, amaze, amuse, please等词的“ing”表示“令人”，“ed”表示“对感到的”。完成句子1Mr Smith, tired_of_the_boring_speech,_started to read a novel.厌倦了令人厌倦的演讲的Mr Smith开始读一本小说。有些动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别forgetrememb
42、erregret stopmeancant help完成句子2I didnt remember meeting/having_met him before.我不记得以前见过他了。3We have always deeply regretted selling/having_sold the house.我们总是深深地后悔卖了房子。有些动词一般用不定式作宾语如：learn, want, decide/determine, expect/hope/wish, refuse, manage, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, afford,
43、happen, wait, threaten等。完成句子42014湖南高考When winter arrived the kids couldnt wait_to_go_skating.到了冬天，孩子们迫不及待地去滑冰。有些动词一般用动名词作宾语如：keep, consider(考虑), suggest/advise, admit, delay, avoid, miss, finish, enjoy, practise, appreciate, forbid, allow, mind, imagine, risk, escape, permit等。完成句子5北师大12If you live a
44、broad for some time you risk_losing old friends in your homeland.如果在国外住一段时间，你可能会冒上失去国内的老朋友的风险。有些动词在主动语态中用不带“to”的不定式作宾补，但在被动语态中要加上“to”。一感：feel；二听：listen to, hear；三让：make，let，have (get sb.to do)；六看：look at, see, watch, notice, observe, find。完成句子6牛津词典She has been heard to_make threats to her former lov
45、er.有人听见她威胁她先前的恋人。7朗文高级辞典I saw him leave a few minutes ago.我看见他几分钟前离开的。过关演练用括号内单词的正确形式填空12015天津高考At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped _(serve) the community.答案：serving22014四川高考The manager was satisfied to see many new products _ (develop) after great effort.答案：developed32014陕西高考Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _(go) for a swim?答案：going42014山东高考There is a note pinned to the door _(say) when the shop will open again.答案：saying5He was made _(clean) the room by his mother yesterday.答案：to clean
