1、专题18 必修三综合检测-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020） 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEven for a civilization as advanced as the Harappan, a second drought was perhaps one too many. The climate disaster may be what drove the ancient society to disappear step
2、by.The Harappan started in the Indus valley around 5200 years ago, strongest around 2600 BC. Much about them is unknown. Yet archaeological remains tell the story of the people, skilled in trade and city planning, and particularly good at controlling water. Their huge cities, complete with excellent
3、 systems for underground water and public baths, existed long before the Roman Empire.But by 1900 BC, their society seemed to be on the fall, and by 1300 BC, the Harappan civilizations had broken down. Several ideas have been put forward to explain the downfall, including invasion and climate change
4、. One recent study refers to a major drought in the northern half around 4200 years ago. This event was recently considered as the start of the Meghalayan period. It is thought to have broken up climate systems around the world, including the summer monsoon rainfall the Harappan depended on.Nick Scr
5、oxton at University College Dublin, Ireland, and his team are now challenging this idea after studying 10 ancient records. They found some facts of a sudden drought starting around 4260 years ago. The study suggests the Harappan faced a sharp decrease in winter rain. “The civilization suffered, that
6、s for sure,” says Scroxton. But that wasnt the end of the Harappan. “Their politics might change, the crops might change, the location of their cities changes, but they adapt,” says Scroxton.Some 300 years later, however, just as the winter rains were starting to recover, a hottest drought kicked of
7、f. This was a slowing reduction in the sum monsoon rains over several centuries. Scroxton and his team say this second drought changed the Harappan into a poor society that disappeared at last.【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以哈拉帕文明为例，说明气候灾难可能是导致古代社会逐渐消失的原因，介绍了哈拉帕文明逐渐走向衰败的过程以及人们对此的研究发现。21.What is the second paragrap
8、h mainly about?A. The trade with the Roman Empire.B. The site of the Harappan civilization.C. The rise of the Harappan civilization.D. The similarities between Roman and Harappan.【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“The Harappan started in the Indus valley around 5200 years ago, strongest around 2600 BC. Much about
9、 them is unknown. Yet archaeological remains tell the story of the people, skilled in trade and city planning, and particularly good at controlling water. Their huge cities, complete with excellent systems for underground water and public baths, existed long before the Roman Empire.(哈拉帕河大约在5200年前开始于
10、印度河流域，最强大时期大约在公元前2600年。关于他们的很多情况都是未知的。然而，考古遗迹讲述了人们的故事，他们擅长贸易和城市规划，尤其擅长控制水资源。他们的大城市早在罗马帝国之前就存在了，拥有完善的地下供水系统和公共浴室)”可知，第二段主要说明了哈拉帕文明的崛起。故选C。22.How did Nicks team conduct the study?A. By tracking the rainfall.B. By moving into the city.C. By building climate systems.D. By researching ancient records.【答案
11、】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Nick Scroxton at University College Dublin, Ireland, and his team are now challenging this idea after studying 10 ancient records.(爱尔兰都柏林大学学院的Nick Scroxton和他的团队在研究了10个古代记录后，正在挑战这一观点)”可知，Nick的团队通过研究古代记录进行的这项研究。故选D。23.What may have really ended the ancient Harappan civilization?A. T
12、he monsoon rainfall.B. Double climate disaster.C. The invasion of Roman.D. The change of the cities.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Some 300 years later, however, just as the winter rains were starting to recover, a hottest drought kicked off. This was a slowing reduction in the sum monsoon rains over several
13、 centuries. Scroxton and his team say this second drought changed the Harappan into a poor society that disappeared at last.(然而，大约300年后，就在冬季降雨开始恢复的时候，一场最炎热的干旱开始了。这是几个世纪以来季风降雨总量的缓慢减少。斯克罗克斯顿和他的团队说，这第二次干旱把哈拉帕变成了一个贫穷的社会，导致最终的灭亡)”可知，季风降雨终结了古老的哈拉帕文明。故选A。BIts often hard to find family holidays that everyon
14、e will enjoy.Cruises(海上航游) can be fun，but may offer activities either for small children or adults，with not much for teenagers.15yearold Josh Sandford and his 13yearold sister Rowena took a cruise last year，on a ship called the Rega.“Before we left，Id spent ages looking at the brochure(宣传册)，and all
15、the activities on offer，so I was really looking forward to it，” says Josh.“When we got on，I could see they had activities that teenagers could join in，so we couldnt really say the brochure was wrong.But they were a bit boringthings like old movies wed seen before.I wish thered been somewhere for peo
16、ple of my age to just hang out together.My parents really enjoyed it，but they were disappointed that we didnt.”Joshs parents had almost decided theyd never take their family on a cruise again when they heard about some new cruises that were specially for families with teenagers.So earlier this year
17、the Sandford family set off again，this time on a ship called the Flora.“We did some tours organised by the Flora when the ship stopped in different ports(港口)，” says Josh.“We went off and explored some old ruins.I was worried itd be boring，but I have to admit the ruins were actually quite cool.”“The
18、biggest difference was the activities on board，though，like a great gym and two pools.There was a fantastic rockclimbing wall，too，although lots of the teenagers on board didnt seem to want to try it.Maybe they were too scared，as it was really high.But my sister immediately managed to get all the way
19、up it，so I just had to do the same！”Josh and Rowenas family had such a good time on their last cruise that theyre thinking of going againin fact，theyre already saving up for it!【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了15岁的Josh和家人参加的海上航游之旅。24It seems that the Rega Aprovided wrong information in the travel brochureBdidnt
20、offer satisfying activities for teenagersConly provided activities suitable for adultsDdidnt satisfy the needs of Joshs parents【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中Josh将自己在上船前看Rega的宣传册和上船后经历的实际情况对比可知，Rega没能提供令人满意的适合青少年的活动。25After the trip on the Rega，Joshs parents Aconsidered giving up cruise holidaysBstarted to lo
21、ok for adventurous cruisesCfound it hard to get along with teenagersDdecided they would never take children along【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Joshs parents had almost decided theyd never take their family on a cruise again”可知，在经历了Rega提供的海上旅行之后，Josh的父母准备放弃此类海上航游。26What did Josh think of the tours organi
22、sed by the Flora?AHe found them a little boring.BHe didnt think they were special.CHe was surprised to find he enjoyed them.DHe was worried that his parents wouldnt love them.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“I was worried itd be boring，but I have to admit the ruins were actually quite cool.”可知，Josh一开始担心Flor
23、a的那些游览项目无聊，然而最后他却非常喜欢。27What does the text mainly talk about?ATeen cruises.BFamily holidays.CDifficult teenagers.DSpecial families.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了适合青少年的海上航游，第二段中的“they had activities that teenagers could join in”和第三段中的“new cruises that were specially for families with teenagers”是提示。CIf
24、 you stop a random person on the street in China, theres a pretty good chance that their surname would be either Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu or Chen.Thats because those are the five most common surnamesin China shared by 30% of the population. And the vast majority of the population share just 100 of those
25、 surnames. In comparison, the United States reported 6.3 million surnames in its 2010 census.There are a few reasons for this: China is less racially diverse than countries such as the US, where a wealth of minority groups increase surname diversity(多样性). It also has to do with language; you cant ju
26、st add a random stroke(音节)to a Chinese character and create a new surname.But theres also another factor at play: technology. With China roaring into the digital age, nearly everything has moved onlinefrom making appointments to buying train tickets.The main problem is that not all Chinese character
27、s have been coded into computer systems. That meant a world of trouble if you happened to have a rare character in your name. As of 2017, up to 60 million Chinese citizens faced this problem, according to Xinhua.People with rare characters in their names, which arent compatible(兼容的) with existing co
28、mputer systems, can get left behind pushing many to change their names for the sake of convenience, even if it means abandoning centuries of heritage and languages.To try to address this, experts have increased the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000 characters, according to the government. Th
29、eyre still working to expand it to include more than 90,000 characters, said Chen Jiawei, an associate professor at Beijing Normal University.【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国汉语言文化中的姓氏文化。28.What can be learned from the comparison according to Paragraph 1?A. There are fewer common surnames in China.B. Chinese peop
30、le like sharing the same surname.C. The United States owns the most surnames in the world.D. 6.3 million surnames in China have been shared until now.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第二三句话“Thats because those are the five most common surnames in China shared by 30% of the population. And the vast majority of the
31、 population share just 100 of those surnames. ”(这是因为这是中国最常见的五个姓氏，占总人口的30%。而绝大多数人的姓氏只有100个。)可推知，在中国普通姓氏较少。故选A。29.Which one describes surname diversity properly?A. New Chinese surnames are easy to create.B. Surname diversity totally depends on technology.C. Minority groups can increase surname diversi
32、ty.D. Surnames in computer systems are regularly changed.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“China is less racially diverse than countries such as the US, wherea wealth of minority groups increase surname diversity”(与美国等国家相比，中国的种族多样性较低，在美国，丰富的少数族裔群体增加了姓氏的多样性。) 可知，少数民族可以增加姓氏的多样性。故选C。30.What may happen to people
33、 with rare characters in their names?A. They will lose their heritage.B. They have to change their names.C. They should expand the database.D. They may upgrade computer systems.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“People with rare characters in their names, which arent compatible(兼容的) with existing computer syste
34、ms, can get left behind pushing many to change their names for the sake of convenience, even if it means abandoning centuries of heritage and languages.”(名字中有罕见字符的人，与现有的计算机系统不兼容，可能会被抛在后面迫使许多人为了方便而改名，即使这意味着放弃几个世纪以来的传统和语言。)可知，名字里有罕见字符的人可能不得不改名字。故选B。31.Why have experts increased the character database?
35、A. To save heritage and languages.B. To keep Chinese traditional culture.C. To give people more choices when naming.D. To let us know more Chinese characters.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“To try to address this, experts have increased the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000characters, according to
36、 the government. ”(为了解决这个问题，专家们已经将数据库从32000字增加到了70000字，根据政府的说法。)可知，此处this“这个问题”，应是倒数第二段中提到的“名字里有罕见字符”。由此推知，专家增加了字符数据库是为了人们在取名的时候有更多的选择，而不至于被迫改名。故选C。DEveryone knows booking all your accommodation with the same hotel chain earns loyalty points，which can be traded for free stays and the occasional bott
37、les of wine.Now a study shows that there could be performance benefits too.People often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings.This is a phenomenon known to psychologists as the “firstnight” effect.This is because if a person stays in the same room the following ni
38、ght，he or she tends to sleep more soundly.Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University in Providence，Rhode Island，set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr.Sasaki knew the firstnight effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved.The puzzle was in what way it can be ben
39、eficial.She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators.This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing and feeling tired the next day
40、as a result.To take a closer look，the team studied 35 young and healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the universitys Department of Psychological Sciences.The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored each time with neuroimaging tec
41、hniques that looked at the activity of their brains.Their heart rates，muscle and eye movements were also recorded.Dr.Sasaki found that，as expected，the participants slept worse on their first night in the lab than they did on their second，taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping les
42、s overall.During deep sleep，the participants brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins.More specifically，on the first night only，the left brain did not sleep as deeply as the right brain did.Wondering if the left brains indeed remained awake to process information detected in the
43、 surrounding environment，Dr.Sasaki reran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night.She worked out that，if the left brain stayed alert to keep guard in a strange environment，t
44、hen it would react to the random beeps by waking people up and would ignore the regularly timed ones.This is precisely what she found.Based upon these feelings，Dr.Sasaki argues in Current Biology that the firstnight effect is a mechanism that has evolved to function as something of a neurological ni
45、ght watchman to wake people up when they hear noises when sleeping in an unfamiliar environment.【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕着睡眠环境和研究者的调查内容与结论展开叙述，说明人的睡眠与睡眠环境很有关系。32What puzzled the researchers about the firstnight effect?AWhat role it has played in evolution.BWhat benefit can be gained from it.CTo what extent
46、it can affect people.DThe relationship between it and circumstances.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The puzzle was in what way it can be beneficial.(问题在于它能以何种方式让人受益)”可知，让研究人员困惑的是“初夜”效应会给人带来什么益处。故选B。33When doing the new research，Dr.Yuka Sasaki Aconducted studies on young and old peopleBgot some ideas from prev
47、ious studies on birds and dolphinsCfound birds and dolphins had nearly the same sleeping patternsDfound half of birds and dolphins brains remain awake while asleep【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sle
48、ep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators.This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing and feeling tired the next day as a result.”可知，她还从之前对鸟类和海豚的研究中了解到，这些动物每次会让一半的大脑处于睡眠状态，这样它们就可以休息，同时保持足够的警觉以躲避捕食者。这让她怀疑人们是否会因为做同样的事情而在第二天感到疲劳。由此可知，Yuka Sasa
49、ki博士在进行这项新研究时，从以前对鸟类和海豚的研究中得到了一些想法，故选B。34What did Dr.Sasaki do when she reran the experience?AShe analyzed the negative effects of irregular tones on brains.BShe recorded the participants adaptation to changed environment.CShe exposed the participants to two different kinds of noises.DShe compared t
50、he responses of male and female participants.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Wondering if the left brains indeed remained awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment，Dr.Sasaki reran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps of the
51、same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night.”可知，Yuka Sasaki博士想知道左脑是否真的保持清醒来处理从周围环境中检测到的信息，于是他重新进行了实验，同时让睡眠中的参与者在夜间同时听定时响起音调不变的嘀声，和随机响起音调各异的嘀声。由此可知，Yuka Sasaki博士在重新实验时，让参与者接触两种不同的噪音。故选C。35What did Dr.Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?AThey differed in their t
52、olerance of irregular tones.BThey tended to regard irregular beeps as a threat.CThey felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.DThey tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“She worked out that，if the left brain stayed alert to keep guard in a strange environment，then i
53、t would react to the random beeps by waking people up and would ignore the regularly timed ones.This is precisely what she found.”可知，Sasaki博士在实验中发现当人们在陌生环境中睡觉时，左半侧大脑保持清醒以警惕陌生环境，对随机发出的嘀声有所反应将人们从睡眠中叫醒，并且同时会忽略定时发出的嘀嘀声。可以推断出，人们会把随机发出的嘀声视作一个威胁。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中
54、有两项为多余选项。How to Have a Successful Teenage LifeEveryone wants to succeed in their life，dont they? Even as a teenager，you can achieve success in your life；it really isnt that hard. 36 Do well in school.No matter how boring it is now，education will help you be a productive member in society.Try your be
55、st for excellence in school：listen to the teachers，do your homework，study，and get good grades.Doing so will help you get into a better university，which will enable you to have a bright future. 37 Do good in your community.Volunteering can not only improve your communitys status，but it can also make
56、you happier.Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression than people who dont. 38 For example，if you love animals，volunteer at an animal shelter.If you love protecting the environment，plant trees or pick up litter.When you help others，it will make you feel better abou
57、t yourself. 39 Remember，theyre there to help you be the best that you can be.Respect them and value their opinions，even if they annoy you sometimes. 40 You dont get to choose your teachers or your family，but you still have to put up with them.Learn how to deal with people now，because when youre an a
58、dult，you dont get to choose your boss or your coworkers，so learn how to respect them now.ALive life to the fullest.BSchool sets you up on the right track!CBe nice to your parents and teachers.DFind chances to do volunteer work that interests you.EIt will help you pass time and develop your personali
59、ty.FHere are some important points that you may find helpful.GKeep in mind that they do the things because they care about you.【答案】FBDCG【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述如何拥有一个成功的青少年生活。36F根据空格前一句“甚至作为一个青少年，你在生活中也能获得成功，它真的不是那么难”可知，下面要介绍方法。F项(这里有一些重要的建议，你可能会发现它们是有帮助的)符合语境。故选F。37B根据空格前的两句“在学校里尽你最大的努力听老师的话、做作业、学习并得高分。
60、这样做有助于你上一所更好的大学，拥有一个美好的未来”可知，B项(学校会让你走上正轨)是对上文的总结。故选B。38D根据空格前一句“研究表明，不做志愿工作的人比那些做的人更容易患抑郁症”及空格后一句“例如，如果你喜欢动物，就在动物收容所做志愿者”可知，空格处的意思是：寻找机会做你感兴趣的志愿者工作。故选D。39C根据下文中的“尊重他们，珍惜他们的建议，即使有时候他们令你很烦”可知，空格处的意思是：要善待你的老师和父母。故选C。40G根据空格前一句“尊重他们，珍惜他们的建议，即使有时候他们令你很烦”可知，空格处的意思是：他们所做的一切是为你好，因为他们在乎你。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分
61、30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s，we had a 1 delivering milk to our doorstep.His name was Mr.Basille.He wore a white cap and 2 a white truck.As a 5yearold boy，I couldnt take my eyes off the coin 3 fixed to his bel
62、t.He 4 this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.Of course，he delivered 5 milk.There was cheese，eggs and so on.If we needed to change our 6 ，my mother would pen a note“Please add a bottle of 7 next delivery”and place it in the box along with the empty bottles.And t
63、hen，the buttermilk would magically appear.All of this was about more than convenience.There 8 a close relationship between families and their milkmen.Mr.Basille 9 had a key to our house，for those times when it was so 10 outside that we put the box indoors，so that the milk wouldnt freeze.And I rememb
64、er Mr.Basille 11 taking a break at our kitchen table，having a cup of tea and telling stories about his 12 There is 13 no home milk delivery today.Big 14 allowed the production of cheaper milk，thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete.Now I always talk of stories of my boyhood，and of the milkma
65、n who brought us 15 along with his milk.【解析】作者在本文中讲述了自己童年时送牛奶的人不仅给他们送牛奶，还给他们带来了真挚的友谊的故事。1A.milkmanBpostmanCrepairmanDdoormanA根据该空后的“delivering milk”可知，答案应为A项。下文的milkman以及文章最后一句中的milkman均有提示。2A.followedBrodeCdroveDpulledC结合上下文，此处表达的是“他戴着一顶白色的帽子，开着(drive)一辆白色的卡车”。3A.bagBchangerCbeltDboxB根据该段最后一句中的“coi
66、n changer”可知，答案应为B项。coin changer意为“自动换币器”。4A.noticedBwatchedCobservedDignoredA因为“我”的眼睛不能离开他腰带上的自动换币器，有一天他注意到了“我”的这个举动。5A.other thanBrather thanCless thanDmore thanD根据后面的信息“There was cheese，eggs and so on.”可知，此处表达的是“他不仅仅送牛奶”，故答案应为D项。此处“more than”意为“不仅仅”。6A.attitudeBbillCorderDpositionC根据下文“Please add
67、 a bottle of.”可知，此处表达的是“如果我们需要改变我们的订单(order)”。7A.colaBhoneyCcoffeeDbuttermilkD根据本段最后一句中的“buttermilk”可知答案。8A.happenedBexisted CappearedDlayB结合上下文可知，此处表达的是“在我们的家人和送牛奶的人之间存在(exist)一种很亲密的关系”。9A.evenBneverCyetDthusA根据下文中的信息“当天气非常寒冷时，我们把盒子放进室内，这样牛奶就不会冻结”。此处表达的应是“Basille先生甚至还有我们家的钥匙”。10A.fineBwarmChotDcold
68、D根据下文中的“.so that the milk wouldnt freeze”可知，此处应用cold表示“当天气寒冷的时候”。11A.on occasionBas usualCon scheduleDin timeABasille先生偶尔在我们厨房中休息一下，喝杯茶。on occasion偶尔。12A.backgroundBeffortCdeliveryDfamilyC此处表达的是“我记得Basille先生有时会在厨房的桌旁休息一会儿，喝杯茶，给我们讲述他送牛奶的一些故事”。13A.accidentallyBsadly CcheerfullyDfortunatelyB根据下文可知，此处宜用
69、B项表达作者对于现在没有往家里送牛奶的人的现实感到很伤感。14A.farmsBcompaniesCstoresDmarketsB结合常识可知，生产牛奶的自然是“大公司”。15A.wealthBfriendship CnewsDfoodB此处表达的是“我就告诉他们我童年的故事以及送牛奶的人不仅给我们送牛奶，还给我们带来了真挚的友谊的故事”。第三段中的 “.a close relationship between families and their milkmen”也有提示。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Drag
70、on Heads-raising Day, _1_ falls each year on the second day of the second lunar month, is one of the Chinese traditional festivals as the proverb goes: “The dragon is awake, _2_ (raise) his head.” On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture, raise _3_ (they) heads with the sound
71、of thunder. Around this time, the earth _4_ (burst) with lifegrass and trees are beginning to shoot up. In ancient China, people _5_ (pray) the dragon god beside a river or a lake for the precious spring rain to breed their crops. _6_ (tradition), food eaten on this day was renamed after parts of th
72、e dragon. For instance, wontons (馄饨) were called “dragons eyes”. The special _7_ (food) usually eaten on this day include dragons scales, popcorn and pigs heads. In Shanxi, people have their hair _8_ (cut) in a symbolic move to remove the old and embrace the new. In _9_ countryside in Hebei Province
73、, people would fetch water from a well at dawn. It was believed _10_ on this day the well was full of dragon eggs which would bring the collectors good harvest.【答案】1. which2. raising3. their4. is bursting5. would pray/prayed6. Traditionally7. foods8. cut9. the10. that【解析】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了农历二月二时中国的传统风俗
74、。1. which考査定语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Dragon Heads-raising Day,空处在从句中作主语,故用which引导该定语从句。2. raising考查非谓语动词。该句主语“The dragon 和动词raise之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,在此处作伴随状语,故用其现在分词形式。3. their考査代词。空处修饰后面的名词heads,故用形容词性物主代词their,表示它们的头。4. is burning考査固定用法。根据常识并结合语境可知,大概就是这个时候,大地生机勃勃。此处考査固定用法be bursting with sth.,表示充满某物
75、”;且该句主语为the earth,为第三人称单数,且此处叙述的为客观情况,故谓语动词用is。故填is bursting。5.would pray/prayed考査动词的时态。该处表示在古代人们在二月二将要做的动作,故用过去将来时;根据该句的时间状语In ancient China可知,该处陈述的是发生在中国古代的事情,故也可用一般过去时。6. Traditionally考査副词。空处修饰整个句子,故用traditional的副词形式。7. foods考査名词的单复数。根据该句中的include spring pancakes,jiaozi and pigs heads可知,这一天人们吃多种食
76、物,且谓语动词include为复数,故空处用food的复数形式。8.cut考査固定用法。分析该句结构可知,此处考査固定用法get sth. done,表示使某事发生。9.the考査冠词。根据语境可知,该处特指“河北的乡下”, 故用定冠词the。10. that考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句中的“It为形式主语,真正主语是空处引导的主语从句;且该从句为陈述句,故用that引导该主语从句。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节 应用文(满分15分)假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike来信说对中国汉字很感兴趣。想要了解更多汉字的知识。就此请你用英语给他写一封回信。主要内容包括：1.汉字的发展
77、简史：(At the beginning.As time went by.It was Emperor Qinshihuang .Nowadays.)2.汉字的重要意义。(connect. with/have a connection with; the number of)注意：1.词数120词左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Mike,I am delighted to hear that youre interested in Chinese characters. Im writing to tell you something about the develo
78、pment of Chinese characters.At the beginning, Chinese characters were initially meant to be simple pictures used to help people remember things. As time went by, it finally became a unique character system. It was Emperor Qinshihuang that made the written script standardized in form. Nowadays, Chine
79、se is one of the most important languages in the world and more people are interested in Chinese characters.In recent years, Chinese has aroused a great attention all over the world. Chinese characters connect China with the world. The number of people who learn Chinese characters is increasing.Your
80、s,Li Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Tyra Winters was a high school student in Texas.One day，she was marching towards her home after the school day.As she slowly made her way down the street，the 17yearold was enthusiastically planning the coming weekend party with her best friends，
81、thinking of all the music，laughter，and excitement.All of a sudden，a horrific scream was heard in the street.Turning back，Winters saw a boy about two years old lying on the sidewalk.And his wild mother was begging for help.“Someone help me，someone help me”The little boy，Clarke Hornback，as his mother
82、told，had been sucking on a piece of candy when it slid down the back of his mouth.It was stuck in his throat and blocked his windpipe (气管)Clarkes face was bright red.“There was no coughing；there was no breathing！” Clarkes mother，Nicole Hornback cried in great panic.The crowds soon gathered around th
83、e poor boy and the mother.The boy was just gasping (喘气) for air.No one seemed to know how to help.Except for Winters，who had always had dreams of becoming a surgeon for children! She had learned the firstaid knowledge for treating choking.It was time for her to save the boys life.Knowing that the cl
84、ock was ticking，she ran to the child.注意：1.续写短文的词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。By the time Winters got to Clarke，the boys face had tuned purple. It all happened so fast that Nicole even had no time to thank the girl. 【答案】By the time Winters got to Clarke，the boys face had tuned purple. “I got him！” she yelled t
85、o Nicole as she grabbed the boy from her.“I tilted him and gave a good three back thrusts，” she told the local CBS station.Soon，the boy coughed up the piece of candy，gasped，and began breathing again.Without another word，Winters handed Clarke back to his mother and ran back to her friends before they
86、 left her behind.It all happened so fast that Nicole even had no time to thank the girl.Winterss heroic actions left Nicole speechless.“I dont really have any words，” she said.“The words that you would say to anyone who does something for you is thank you. But that doesnt seem good enough.” Finally，with the help of the online media，they found the warmhearted girl，Winters and Nicole thanked her in person.
