1、核心考点八情态动词与虚拟语气使表达得体、含蓄,【考向聚焦】情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。考点依次是：推测(可能性)请求/允许必要性特殊用法。试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。而虚拟语气的试题偏少，有些省份已将虚拟语气列为不考的项目。1(2013北京，35)You neednt take an umbrella.It isnt going to rain.Well, I dont know.It_do.Amight Bneed Cwould Dshould解析考查情
2、态动词。第一个人说不会下雨，第二个人回答I dont know，因此可知，到底下不下雨是不能肯定的事情，故使用might表推测“有可能”。答案A2(2013辽宁，31)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He_too much at the party last night.Acould drink Bshould drinkCwould have drunk Dmust have drunk解析考查情态动词。此处考查情态动词对过去发生事情的推测。句意：Harry感觉不舒服。昨晚的聚会上他肯定喝得不少。对过去发生事情的肯定推测，用must have done，故选D。
3、答案D3(2013四川，5)Why are your eyes so red？You_have slept well last night.Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.Acant Bmustnt Cneednt Dwont解析考查情态动词。根据语境“眼睛那么红，昨晚不可能睡得很好”可知，此处考查情态动词can的否定式cant表推测，意为“不可能”。cant have done表示对过去的推测，意为“过去不可能”。故选A。答案A4(2013天津，9)No one_ be more generous；he has a heart of gold.A
4、could Bmust Cdare Dneed解析考查情态动词。句意：不可能有人比他更慷慨；他有一颗善良的心。cant/ couldnt表不可能，故答案选A。答案A5(2013新课标，29)The door_open，no matter how hard she pushed.Ashouldnt Bcouldnt Cwouldnt Dmightnt解析考查情态动词。此处描述主语the door的特点“老是打不开”，其固有的特性，用情态动词would(will)描述，故选C。答案C6(2013北京，34)If we_a table earlier, we couldnt be standing
5、here in a queue.Ahave booked BbookedCbook Dhad booked解析考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们早点订桌的话，我们就不可能在这里站着排队了。可知if从句是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态。答案D7(2013福建，30)Do you think George has passed the driving test?No.If so，he _ his car to our college yesterday.Awould drive BdroveCwould have driven Dhad driven解析考查虚拟语气。句意，如果这样的话(乔治已经通过驾照考
6、试)，他昨天就驾车来我们大学了，可知是对过去的虚拟。If soIf he had passed the driving test，主句使用情态动词 have done。故答案选C。答案C8(2013陕西，12)My mom suggests that we _ eat out for a change this weekend.Ashould Bmight Ccould Dwould解析考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为suggest，表示建议，其后所接的名词性从句应用“(should)动词原形”的虚拟语气，故选A。答案A9(2013浙江，8)Eye doctors recommend that a
7、childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.Awas Bbe Cwere Dis解析考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为recommend，表示“推荐，建议”，后接宾语从句时应用(should)动词原形的虚拟语气，此处省去了should，故答案为B。答案B10(2013安徽，28)I_to my cousins birthday party last night, but I was not available.Awent Bhad goneCwould go Dwould have gone解析考查虚拟语气。句意：昨晚我本想要去参加我表亲的
8、生日聚会，但我没空。选项中能表示对过去虚拟的只有D答案：用情态动词过去式后加have done表示。答案D自查自纠表题号12345678910得分考点正误思考我的盲点：我将_。【典例1】 Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money.(2012全国)Acan Bmight Cwould Dneed解析句意：如果我现在能有足够的钱，我将和约翰一起去欧洲度假。本题考查情态动词表能力。can能够；might可能；would过去常常，愿意；need需要。答案A【典例2】 The fire spread t
9、hrough the hotel very quickly but everyone_get out.(全国)Ahad to Bwould Cwas able to Dcould解析考查could和was able to的区别。could表示有某种能力；was able to表示经过努力能够做到，强调成功。句意：大火很快蔓延了整个宾馆，但是大家都成功地离开了。根据语境可知，强调成功地逃出，故选C。答案C1She was very brave.Even though shed hurt her leg, she_go back alone.Acould Bmight Chave to Dwas
10、able to解析句意：她很勇敢，尽管她腿受了伤，她仍然设法独自回家。was able tomanaged to表示设法成功做某事，符合句意。答案D2We_finish it ahead of time, though it was such a tough task.Acould Bwould Cwere able to Dought to解析句意：尽管这是一项艰巨的任务，我们还是提前完成了。be able to表示经过一番努力做成某事，符合句意。答案C表示“能力”的情态动词有：can, could, be able to(1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在时can和过去式could,
11、 而be able to有多种时态形式。Mary can play the piano.She has been able to play it since she was five.玛丽会弹钢琴，她5岁起就会弹了。(2)表示过去能力时，was/were able to表示经过一番努力后取得了成功。相当于manage to do或succeed in doing，而could没有这个含义。Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain.昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。【典例3】 I _ use a clock to wake me up
12、 because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.(2012新课标全国)Acouldnt Bmustnt Cshouldnt Dneednt解析句意：我不必用钟表唤醒自己，因为火车每天早上六点经过我的房子。根据原因状语从句的内容可知此处表示的是“不必”。A项表示没有能力，B项表示禁止，C项表示不应该，都与所给语境不符。答案D【典例4】 I dont care what people think.Well, you_.Acould Bwould Cshould Dmight解析句意：我不介意别人怎么想。噢，你应该那么做
13、。根据语境可知，应选should，意为“应该”，表示一种建议，劝说。答案C3Parents_send their children to school when they reach six years old.Acould Bwere able toCought to Dwould解析句意：当孩子满六岁时，家长应当送孩子去上学。根据语境可知，应填ought to，表示有责任，从法律或道义上“应该”做。答案C4What do you think we can do for our aged parents?You_do anything except to be with them and b
14、e yourself.Adont have to Boughtnt toCmustnt Dcant解析句意：为了我们年迈的父母，你认为我们可以做些什么事呢？你不必做任何事情，只要能真情地陪伴他们。dont have toneednt表示“不必”，符合语境。oughtnt toshouldnt不应该；mustnt不可以，禁止做；cant不能，均不合句意。答案A表示“必要性”的情态动词通常有：must, should, ought to, have to(1)ought to与should意思大体相同，但ought to语气比should重，往往表示从法律或道义上“应该”。You are his
15、father and ought to take care of him.你是他父亲，应当照顾他。(有责任，从道义上应该)Young people should show respect to the old.年轻人应该尊重老年人。(2)have to表示“必须，不得不”，这个意义与must很接近，但must表示主观意志，而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。I told her that she must give up smoking.我叫她必须戒烟。I have to hand in my term paper before 5：00 pm.today.我必须今天下午5点前交学期
16、论文。【典例5】 The new law states that people _ drive after drinking alcohol.(2012上海)Awouldnt Bneednt Cwont Dmustnt解析句意：新颁布的法律禁止人们酒后驾车。由题干中的law可知答案为D项。答案D【典例6】 One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.(2012辽宁)Amight Bcould Cshall Dwill解析句意：我们的规章制度之一就是在校时每个学生都应该穿校服。shall
17、用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示法律规定时，意为“应该”。might可能；could能；will将会。答案C【典例7】 Will you read me a story，Mummy?OK.You _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.(2011陕西)Amight Bmust Ccould Dshall解析句意：妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？好，如果你尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。shall在此处表示“允诺”，故选择D项。答案D5You _ park here！Its an emergency exit.Awouldnt Bneednt Ccou
18、ldnt Dmustnt解析句意：你不可以在此停车！这是紧急出口。mustnt表示“禁止”；wouldnt表示“不会”；neednt表示“不必”；couldnt表示“不可能”。由语境得知，这里表示“禁止停车”，故选D。答案D6_ I take the book out?Im afraid not.AWill BMay CMust DNeed解析句意：我可以把书带出去吗？恐怕不能。请求对方允许时常使用can或may，故B为答案。答案B7I cant leave.She told me that I _ stay here until she comes back.Acan Bmust Cwill
19、 Dmay解析句意：我不能离开。她告诉我在她回来之前我必须待在这里。can能够；must必须；will将要；may可能。答案B情态动词“偏义”大本营(1)表示过去经过努力而成功地做了某件具体的事情时，只能用was/were able to，不用could。(2)must有一种含义，即“偏要”。(3)shall可以用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人的允诺、命令、警告、威胁等；在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等。(4)will可以表示意愿。will还可以表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等，意为“经常，惯于，总是”。(5)should表示惊异、意外等情绪，经常用于疑问句和肯定句中，多译为“竟然，居
20、然”。【典例8】 Good morning.Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.Ah，good morning.You _ be Mrs.Peters.(2010北京)Amight Bmust Cwould Dcan解析第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，“那您一定就是Mrs.Peters了”，因此排除A、C、D。答案B【典例9】 What do you mean，there are only ten tickets?There _ be twelve.Ashould Bwould
21、 Cwill Dshall解析你这是什么意思，只有十张票吗？应该有十二张。should表示“应该，应当”。答案A【典例10】 Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they _ just be quiet people.Amust Bmay Cshould Dwould解析言语不多的人未必就腼腆，他们可能只是好静而已。must肯定；may或许；should应该；would想必。答案B8“You _ have a wrong number，”she said.“Theres no one of that na
22、me here.”Aneed Bcan Cmust Dwould解析考查情态动词。从“Theres no one of that name here.”可知“你一定弄错号码了”。此处表示“肯定的推测”，故用must。can常表示一种“理论上的”可能性，need显然不正确，would一般不表推测。答案C9Peter _ be really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general.Ashall Bshould Ccan Dmust解析根据句意中的at times可知，Peter有时真的很难相处。can表示推测，意为“可
23、能会”。答案C10Where will you start your work after graduation?Mmm, its not been decided yet.I_continue my study for a higher degree.Aneed Bmust Cwould Dmight解析由its not been decided yet可知，“我”对此并不确定，因此后面的情态动词用might，表示可能性不是很大。答案D1must用于肯定句，表示较有把握的推测，意为“准是，一定”。2should用于肯定句中，语气次之，意为“很可能，应该”，指按常理推测。3can用在肯定句中，
24、表示理论上的可能性。如：Smoking can cause cancer.吸烟有可能引起癌症。4may用在肯定句中，表示对现在把握不大的推测，意为“也许，可能”。5could，might也可表示推测意义，常用在过去时态中；但在某些场合下，为了使语气更缓和、更委婉，常用could，might代替can，may。如：They saw something in the sky last night.It could/might be a UFO.昨天晚上他们看见天空中有个东西。它有可能是不明飞行物。【典例11】 I dont really like James.Why did you invite
25、him?Dont worry.He _ come.He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.(2011北京)Amust not Bneed not Cwould not Dmight not解析根据he wasnt certain可知，James可能不来。答案D【典例12】 Hows your new babysitter?We _ ask for a better one.All our kids love her so much.(2011浙江)Ashould Bmight Cmustnt Dcouldnt解析考查情态动词的用法。句意：你的新
26、保姆怎么样？找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。should应该；might可能，可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。答案D【典例13】 _it be Tom that stole the managers mobile phone?No.As far as I know, Tom is very honest.AMay BCan CMust DShould解析考查情态动词表示推测的用法。can可用于否定句或疑问句中表示推测；must表推测时一般用于肯定的陈述句；may和should表推测时不用于疑问句。根据语境可知，B项正确。句意：有可能是Tom偷了经理的手机吗？不
27、可能。就我所知，汤姆是非常诚实的。答案B11(2011江西)It _ be the postman at the door.Its only six oclock.Amustnt Bcant Cwont Dneednt解析根据Its only six oclock推知，那不可能是邮递员，否定形式推测要用cant或couldnt。因为must表推测时，只能用于肯定句。答案B12I _ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.Awont Bcant Ccan Dwill解析cant.to
28、o.为固定结构，意为“无论也不过分；越越好”。答案B13If you dont want to go swimming，you _ as well stay at home.Actually，it is up to you to decide.Ashould Bwould Ccan Dmay解析may/might as well构成习惯搭配，意为“倒不妨”。答案D1否定推测(1)表示否定的推测时，cant/couldnt语气最强，指“不可能”，带有惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。如：The story sounds reasonable，but it cant be true.这个故事听起来合情合理，但
29、不可能是真的。(2)语气不很肯定时，常用may not或might not表否定推测，意为“可能不，也许不”。如：He may not/might not be at home.他可能不在家。2疑问句中的推测疑问句中的推测，常用can或could，意为“可能”。如：Who can it be？Can it be Jenny?那能是谁呢？是玛丽吗？3情态动词表推测的三种时态(1)对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词动词原形”。She must arrive before 5. 5：00前她一定到。(2)对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词be”，“情态动词be doing”或“情态动词动词原形”。He
30、 must/may be listening to the radio now.他一定/可能正在听收音机。【典例14】 Happy birthday!Thank you！Its the best present I _ for.(2012江苏)Ashould have wished Bmust have wishedCmay have wished Dcould have wished解析句意：生日快乐！谢谢！这是我原来希望能够得到的最好的礼物。A项意为“本该希望”；B项意为“想必/准是希望”；C项意为“或许已经希望”。A、B、C三项均不符合题意，所以排除。故答案为D项。答案D【典例15】 W
31、e _ have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.(2012江西)Amay not Bneednt Ccant Dmustnt解析考查情态动词。句意：既然Suzie不和我们一起吃晚饭，那我们就没有必要买这么多食物。根据“now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner”可知答案，neednt have done表示“本没有必要做某事而实际上却做了”。答案B【典例16】 He did not regret saying what he did but felt that
32、he _ it differently.Acould express Bwould expressCcould have expressed Dmust have expressed解析掌握情态动词的完成结构的用法是解此题的关键，could express过去能够表达；would express(过去)将要表达；could have expressed本来能够表达；must have expressed(表推测)肯定能表达。答案C14We _ the difficulty together，but why didnt you tell me?Ashould face Bmight faceCc
33、ould have faced Dmust have faced解析考查情态动词。句意：我们本可以共同面对困难，但是你为什么不告诉我呢？后半句用的是一般过去时，由此可知前半句是对过去情况的一种虚拟，所以用“情态动词have done”形式。could have done表示过去本可以做某事，而实际上却没有做，符合句意。答案C15Jack described his father，who _ a brave boy many years ago，as a strongwilled man.Awould be Bwould have been Cmust be Dmust have been解析根
34、据语境可知，此处表示的是对过去事实的推测，所以用must have done结构。注意句中有一个非限制性定语从句将主句分隔开了。答案D16I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back！I mean, someone _it.Awill have stolen Bmight have stolenCshould have stolen Dmust have stolen解析句意：我把手提包落在火车上了，不过，幸运的是
35、，有人把它交给了乘警。把包拿回来是多么不可思议啊！我的意思是，有人可能偷了你的包。考查情态动词。will have stolen为将来完成时，而此事已经过去，故被排除。might have stolen可能已经偷了，符合语境，故选B项。should have stolen表示本应该偷而事实上却没有；must have stolen表示肯定偷了，均不符合题意。答案B情态动词have done结构(1)must have done“一定已经做了”，表肯定推测，否定式为cant/couldnt have done；(2)can/could have done表示“本来能够做，却没有”，或“过去可能会
36、”；(3)may/might have done不用于疑问句，表示“也许；或许已经做了”；(4)should/ought to have done意为“本该做了，但未做”，否定式shouldnt/ought not to have done意为“本不该做，但做了”。它们都暗含对其责备；(5)neednt have done表示“做了本没有必要做的事”；(6)would rather have done意为“宁愿当时做过某事”，否定式would rather not have done意为“宁愿当时没有做过某事”。它们表示后悔之意。【典例17】 Sorry，I am too busy now.I
37、f I _ time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.(2012湖南)Ahave had Bhad had Chave Dhad解析句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。如果我现在有时间的话，我会和你一起出去郊游。根据句意以及句中的now可知，此处表示对现在情况的一种假设，所以从句中谓语动词要用过去式，而主句用“could/would/should/might动词原形”。答案D【典例18】 Maybe if I _ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more he
38、lp.(2011北京)Astudied Bwould studyChad studied Dwas studying解析考查错综时间的虚拟语气。主句用的是would be able to.表示对现在情况的假设，但由if从句中的then可知，从句表示对过去情况的虚拟，故用had studied。答案C【典例19】 This printer is of good quality.If it _ break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense.Awould Bshould Ccould Dmight解析第一句话用了
39、一般现在时，第二句话的主句却出现了would，这暗示条件句中使用了虚拟语气。由语境可知这里是对将来的虚拟，条件状语从句中可以用“动词过去式/should动词原形/were to动词原形”这三种形式中的某一种。“should”此时，常译为“万一”。答案B17If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.Afollowed Bshould followChad followed Dwould follow解析考查虚拟语气。此处表示与过去的事实相反，故从句应用过去完成时。句意：如果他当初听我的劝告的话，他就不会失去工作了。答案C18_ I be fr
40、ee tomorrow, I would go with you.ACould BShould CMight DMust解析与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，should I be free tomorrow是省略的倒装形式，正常结构是If I should be free tomorrow。句意：如果明天我有空的话，我将与你一起去。答案B19_ the problem, he wouldnt have committed those mistakes.AIf he understood BHad he understoodCWhen he had understood DIf he would un
41、derstood解析表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。had he understood the problem是省略的倒装形式，正常结构是If he had understood the problem。句意：如果他理解了这个问题，他就不会犯那些错误。答案B【典例20】 Where are the children？The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they _ always late.(2011北京)Awerent Bhadnt beenCwouldnt be Dwouldnt have been解析句意：孩子们都到哪里去了？这顿
42、饭就要被他们彻底破坏了。我希望他们不要总是迟到。wish后跟that从句，从句部分采用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反的用一般过去时，与过去事实相反的用过去完成时。本题表示与现在事实相反，所以用一般过去时，故正确答案为A项。答案A【典例21】 Jack is a great talker.Its high time that he _ something instead of just talking.(2012辽宁)Awill do Bhas done Cdo Ddid解析句意：Jack总爱夸夸其谈，他该做点事了，而不是仅仅空谈。这里是“Its (high/about) time that.”句型，
43、从句谓语应用过去式或“should动词原形”。答案D【典例22】 The doctor recommended that you _ swim after eating a large meal.Awouldnt Bcouldnt Cneednt Dshouldnt解析此题考查宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。recommend意为“建议”。表“命令、建议、要求、坚持”等意义的动词之后的宾语从句中，谓语用虚拟语气：(should)动词原形。20Its suggested that some activities _ to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the Re
44、form and Opening up.Ashould hold Bare heldCbe held Dwill be held解析考查主语从句的虚拟语气。题干中的suggest意为“建议”，所以that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气，表达形式为“should动词原形”，should可以省略，故选C。句意：有人建议应当举办一些活动来庆祝改革开放第30周年。答案C21He gave us advice that this work _.Ashould cancel Bwould be cancelledCnot be cancelled Dshould not cancel解析“工作”与“取消”之间
45、为被动关系，排除A、D两项。advice的同位语从句用虚拟语气，C项省略了should。句意：他建议我们不要取消这项工作。答案C22I would rather they _ tomorrow.Acame Bcome Cwill come Dshall come解析would rather后的宾语从句中表示对将来的愿望时，要用过去时。句意：我宁愿他们明天来。答案A虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用(1)用于宾语从句中wish后面的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词构成形式为：过去时(宾语从句动作与wish同时)过去完成时(宾语从句动作先于wish)could/would/m
46、ight动词原形，即过去将来时(宾语从句动作后于wish)表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，常见的动词有：demand，order，require，insist，suggest等。宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为“should动词原形”，should可以省略。如：He suggested that we should start off early the next day.他建议我们第二天早点出发。(2)用于主语从句中It is desired/suggested/necessary/important/strange/naturalthat从句，从句中的谓语动词用“should动
47、词原形”，should可省略。(3)用于表语从句和同位语从句中在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，其构成是“should动词原形”，should可省略。My idea is that we (should)think it over before accepting it.我的意见是在接受之前要反复考虑。【典例23】 Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she _ there，she wouldnt be able
48、 to see her parents very often.(2012安徽)Alives Bwould live Chas lived Dwere to live解析句意：Grace不想搬到纽约去，因为她认为如果她住在那里，就不能经常见到父母了。根据wouldnt be able to see.及句意可知，该句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，所以if从句谓语动词需用“were to do或should do或动词过去式”，故D项正确。答案D【典例24】 Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel.(2012北京)Ais Bwere Chas bee
49、n Dhad been解析句意：不要这么拿着这个花瓶，就好像它是钢制成似的。as if意为“好像”，分析句意可知as if后面的句子须使用虚拟语气，并且所述情况是对现在事实的假设，因此使用一般过去时，故选择B项。答案B【典例25】 We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday.(2012福建)Avisited Bhad visitedCwould visit Dwould have visited解析句意：我们在那个小村庄迷路了，要不然，我们昨天能参观更多的名胜。根据
50、语境可知空格处所表达的意思与过去事实相反，需用“should/would/could/mighthave过去分词”结构，所以排除A、B和C项，答案为D。答案D23I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.Ahad come Bwas comingCwould come Dwould have come解析考查虚拟语气。本题选项中既有表示过去事实的动词，又有表示过去动作的虚拟。句意：我不知道他们一直在等我，要不然我肯定会迅速点儿。根据句意可知，这里是对过去的虚拟，故用“would have done”的形式。答案D24Do
51、nt you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York?I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.Awill not be sent；that Bnot be sent；thatCshould not be sent；what Dshould not send；what解析考生若是对相关知识掌握得不牢固，便可能误选A项或C项。先来研究一下第一个空，在“itbenecessary/right/important/essential/impossible等that从句”结构中，从
52、句的谓语动词部分要用(should)do结构，此处的should不可以换用其他的情态动词，故选项A被排除；分析句意可知，动词send与主语he之间为动宾关系，故选项D也被排除；再来研究一下第二空，根据题意可知，题干中的“he has refused to”是一个省略结构，其完整形式为“he has refused to be sent to New York”，该句子不缺成分，故第二个横线处应填上只起连接作用，在句中不作任何成分，没有任何含义的that。that在本题中引导表语从句。故选B。答案B黄金口诀虚拟用在名从中，should do结构要记清；一个坚持两命令，三个建议四要求；It做主后有
53、形，奇怪重要自然行；Wish之后有宾从，虚拟时态退一层；As if/if only/would rather，时态也要退一层；Its high time that sb did sth. 此种形式要记清。1He _ fatter but he eats too little.Awould become Bwould have becomeCmust become Dmust have become解析根据语意知道我们可以在but he eats too little前加上一个省去的条件状语从句if he ate much，由此可知是与现在时相反所以主句用would become。答案A2He
54、_ if he works hard for the people.Ashall praise Bshall be praisedCwill praise Dwill be praised解析句意：如果他为人民努力工作，他会受到表扬。说话人希望他受到表扬，而will表示的是句子的主语的意愿，那样意思就是“他愿意受到表扬”，显然不对。shall用于第三人称可表示说话人对某人所持有的主观立场和坚定的信念。答案B3There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party.You _ come，but why didnt you?Amust have BshouldCnee
55、d have Dought to have解析该空含你本来应来但实际未来之意，应填ought to have。答案D4I was really anxious about you.You _ home without a word.Amustnt leave Bshouldnt have leftCcouldnt have left Dneednt leave解析该空含你本不应该一句话不说就离开家但实际已这么做之意，所以应填shouldnt have left。答案B5Must I go there right now?No，you _.You _ go there before supper
56、.Amustnt；need Bneednt；mayCcant；need Dwont；can解析Must I.？肯定回答用Yes，you must.否定回答是No，you neednt或No，you dont have to，不能用mustnt，因为mustnt表示“不许；不准；禁止”，本题后半部用may表示允许。答案B6Could I borrow your dictionary?Yes，of course you _.Acould Bwill Ccan Dmight解析本题中的could也表示请求(而非表示过去时)，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应该用can(即could不能
57、用于现在时态的简略答语中)。答案C7Are you coming to Jeffs party?Im not sure.I _ go to the concert instead.Amust Bwould Cshould Dmight解析根据Im not sure判断，表示说话者不确定，有可能去音乐会。might表示“可能”；must表示“必须，一定”；would表示“将，愿意”；should表示“应该”。答案D8Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony.Aca
58、n Bshould Cmay Dmust解析can表示可能性的推测，常用于疑问句或否定句中；may表“可能性”常用于肯定句或否定句中，must常用于肯定句中表推测，“一定”的意思。注意：can not表示“不可能”，而may not表示“或许不可能不”，两者语气上有区别。答案A9My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon，so he _ your lecture.Acouldnt have attended Bneednt have attendedCmustnt have attended Dshouldnt have
59、 attended解析“情态动词完成式”有各自的含义。must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，多用于肯定句中；neednt have done表示过去本不必做的事情；shouldnt have done表示过去做了不该做的事情；cant(couldnt)have done表示对过去的否定性推测，意为“不可能”。所提供的情境My sister met him at the Grand表示他不可能参加讲座。答案A10He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，otherwise he _ a goal.Ahad scored B
60、scoredCwould score Dwould have scored解析根据otherwise可以判断出要用虚拟语气表示过去发生的事要用would have scored。答案D11Oh，Im not feeling well in the stomach.I _ so much fried chicken just now.Ashouldnt eat Bmustnt have eatenCshouldnt have eaten Dmustnt eaten解析just now是表示过去的时间状语。情态动词在表示过去发生的事时，必须用“情态动词have过去分词的形式”。所以只能在选项B或C
61、中确定答案。mustnt have eaten是一个错误选项，因为“mustnt动词”表示“禁止”，不表示判断或推测。答案C12A leftluggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time，especially at a railway station.Ashould Bcan Cmust Dwill解析should应该；can能够，会；must必须；will愿意。句意：行李寄存处是能够暂时存放行李的地方，尤其是在火车站。此处用can表示可以、能够。答案B13Keep up good state of mind ev
62、en if you _ fail plenty of times.Amust Bwill Ccan Dshould解析考查should的用法。should用在if或even if引导的表示条件的从句中，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能，相当于“万一”的意思，从句谓语由should加动词原形构成，主句不一定用虚拟语气。答案D14Its the office！So you _ know eating is not allowed here.Oh，sorry.Amust Bwill Cmay Dneed解析从前后文可知，此处是一种很肯定的推测，因此选A。答案A15But for th
63、e help of my English teacher，I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.Awould not win Bwould not have wonCwould win Dwould have won解析此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/should/could/mighthave done结构，根据句意要用否定含义，故选B。本句的条件是由介词短语(but for)表达的。答案B16There _ be any difficulty about passing the road te
64、st since you have practised a lot in the driving school.Amustnt Bshant Cshouldnt Dneednt解析根据经验或惯例对某一情况进行推测，用should或ought to，常译成“按理应该”或“可能会”。shouldnt是其否定形式。答案C17Is John coming by train.He should，but he _ not.He likes driving his car.Amust Bcan Cneed Dmay解析come，go，leave，start等趋向动词的进行时表示将来时，所以答语是对这一将来动
65、作做出的推断。may not“可能不，不一定”，根据he likes driving his car可以看出John可能乘火车来，也可能自己开车来。may not正好符合这一语境。must not“不准”；cannot“不可能”；need not“不必”。答案D18It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.Awouldnt have fallen Bhad not f
66、allenCshould fall Dwere to fall解析根据句意和I would be doing可以判断这是虚拟语气。at the age of seven是表示过去的时间状语，if从句中的谓语要用had not fallen，表示对过去情况的假设。答案B19You cant imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.Amight Bneed Cshould Dwould解析should用于表示感情，意向等句中的that从句，表示“竟然，居然”，出乎意料。答案C20What would have happened _，as far as up to the river bank.ABob had walked fartherBif Bob should walk fartherChad Bob walked fartherDif Bob walked farther解析因为主句的谓语动词用了would have happened，所以从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时。在虚拟语气中，如果条件状语从句中的if省略，该句要倒装。答案C
