1、小学语法精讲精练 专题06 副词思考引入同学们,上节课我们学习了形容词,知道了形容词可以修饰名词和代词。但我们还学了动词,动词有时也需要修饰,你们知道什么词修饰动词吗?我知道,副词可以修饰动词。比如跑得快,快就是一个副词,它用来修饰动词跑。你说得很对!副词就是一种起辅助修饰作用的词,可以用来表你说得很对!示动作的特征和动作进行的各种状况,但是刮词不仅能修饰动词,还能修饰形容词、其他副词、介词短词或整个句子。副词的作用可真多。您快给我们仔细讲讲吧！知识概览知识精讲一、副词的分类根据表示的意义，副词主要分为：时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、频度副词、疑问副词。1.时间副词：表示事情发生的时
2、间We have an English class today.今天我们有一节英语课。Now, how many people want cakes?现在，有多少人想吃蛋糕?小学阶段常见的时间副词：yesterday昨天 today今天 tomorrow明天 tonight今晚 before以前now现在 ago以前 early早 late晚2.地点副词：表示事情发生的地点或者表示位置关系Please dont talk here.请不要在这里讲话。Lets go out and have some fun.我们出去玩吧。小学阶段常见的地点副词：there在那里 here在这里 out在外面
3、home在家 up在上面 far在远处3.方式副词：表示事情进行的方式Please be quiet and listen carefully.请安静，仔细听。Its late. Kevin has to get up quickly.很晚了。凯文必须快点儿起床。大部分方式副词是由“形容词+Iy”构成的，其变化规则如下：一般情况下，形容词词尾直接加-ly: sadsadly以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，变y为i,再加-ly; happyhappily以“辅音字母+le”结尾的形容词，去e加-y: simplesimply部分以“元音字母+e”结尾的形容词，去e加-ly: truetruly4
4、.程度副词：表示动作、行为或状态的程度The flowers are really beautiful.这些花真漂亮。The dress is very pretty. I like it very much.这条裙子很漂亮。我非常喜欢。小学阶段常见的程度副词：very非常 much非常 really十分 pretty相当 quite相当(very单独使用时，通常放在句中，修饰形容词；very much连用时，通常放在句末，修饰谓语动词)5.频度副词：表示动作发生的频率She always goes to school on foot.她总是走路上学。He usually plays foot
5、ball at weekends.他通常在周末踢足球。l often get up early in the morning.我经常早上起得很早。Sometimes he goes to work by car.他有时开车去上班。I hardly have noodles for breakfast.我早餐几乎不吃面条。Bob never drinks coffee.鲍勃从不喝咖啡。从左往右，频度副词的频率由大到小：always usually often sometimes hardly never总是 通常 经常 有时 几乎不 从不6.疑问副词：用于引导特殊疑问句，表示时间、地点、方式、原
6、因等When is your birthday party?你的生日派对是什么时候?Where is my baseball?我的棒球在哪里?How do you go to school?你怎样去上学?Why do you like summer?你为什么喜欢夏天?小学阶段常见的疑问副词：when什么时候(问时间) where哪里(问地点) how怎么样(问方式) why为什么(问原因)热身小练找一找，写一写。请你找出下列句子中的副词，并在横线上写出它们各自的类型。1.Im happy today.副词：_ 类型：_2. Life here is full of joy.副词：_ 类型：_3
7、.Can you speak slowly?副词：_ 类型：_4. Linda is a very beautiful girl.副词：_类型：_答案：1.today 时间副词2.here 地点副词3.slowly方式副词4. very 程度副词二、副词的比较级和最高级1.副词的比较级表示两者之间的比较，表示其中的一个“更”A+比较级+than+B,表示“A比B更”He arrived later than me.他比我晚到一会儿。Tom runs faster than Lucy.汤姆跑得比露西更快。2.副词的最高级表示三者及以上的比较，表示其中的一个“最”(the)+最高级+比较范围(副词
8、的最高级前面的the可以省略)Mike swims(the) fastest in his class.迈克是他们班游泳游得最快的。Nancy studies(the)hardest among the girls.在这些女生中，南希学习最刻苦。3.副词的比较级和最高级变化规则(1)一般的单音节副词和少数多音节副词，词尾加-er和-estfast快 faster更快 fastest最快high高 higher更高 highest最高(2)以不发音的e结尾的单音节副词，词尾加-r和-stlate晚 later更晚 latest最晚(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节副词，变y为i,再加-er和-
9、estearly早 earlier更早 earliest最早(4)部分双音节和多音节副词，在前面加单词more和mostquickly快速地 more quickly更快地 most quickly最快地easily容易地 more easily更容易地 most easily最容易地(5)特殊变化的副词well好 better更好 best最好much多 more更多 most最多badly坏地 worse更坏地 worst最坏地little小/少 less更小/少 least最小/少热身小练填一填。请你用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。1. Does Lisa jump_(high) tha
10、n you?2.Lily gets up_(early) than her parents.3.Who does homework_(carefully)in your class?4. Cats like fish_(well) because its their favorite food.答案：1.higher 2.earlier 3. most carefully 4.best知识精练一、单选题( )1The children were very excited. They played so _ at the party. AhappyBhappilyCunhappy( )2The
11、lion cried _. _ can I get out? Asadly; WhatBsadly; HowCsad; How( )3_ cross the road _, we must look for a zebra crossing. AFor; safelyBTo; safeCTo; safely( )4_ did John _ last Sunday? He went to the bookstore. AWhere; goBWhere; doCWhat; do( )5_ did Chen Jie go to Shanghai? By train. AWhereBHowCWhat(
12、 )6To cross the road_, you should know a lot about road _. Asafely; safetyBsafe; safelyCsafely; safe( )7The football match was so _. All the people were _. They shouted _. Aexcitedly; excited; excitingBexcited; exciting; excitedlyCexciting; excited; excitedlyDexcitedly; exciting; excited( )8Dont spe
13、ak _ in the library. AloudBloudlyChappy( )9Liu Tao is a _ boy. He laughs _. Ahappy; happilyBhappily; happyChappy; happy( )10David was very _. He laughed _. Ahappy; loudBhappily; loudlyChappy; loudly( )11An elephant is _ bigger than a monkey. Aa littleBmuchCmany( )12A horse can run _ than a dog. Afas
14、tBfasterCfastest( )13The tiger can run _ than the dog. AfasterBfastestCfast( )14Who does homework _ in your class? AcarefullyBmost carefullyCmore carefullyDcareful( )15My son studies _ than before. AhardBhardestCharderDhardly( )16She flies _ in the sky. Afaster and higherBfast and highCfaster and hi
15、ghDfast and higher( )17You must speak _ and listen _. Alittle; lessBless; muchCless; moreDmore; little( )18Im _ at maths than Li lei, but Mary is the _ in our class. Agooder; goodBgooder; bestCbetter; goodDbetter; best( )19My mum looks _, and she looks at me _. Aangry; angrilyBsadly; quietlyCangrily
16、; sadly( )20The little girl cant find her parents, so she cried _. AsadBsadlyChappy二、用单词正确形式填空21The girl cried _ (sad).22Miss Li knows Liu Tao _ (good).23She is looking at the bird _ (happy).24We should cross the road _ (safe).25Ben doesnt like sport and he gets tired _ (easy).26The little girl lost
17、 her new kite, she cried _ (sad). 27They are singing _. (excited)28My sister dances very _ (good).29Peter studies _ (good) than Jack.30Who writes _ (careful), Jim or John?31Amy is running _ (fast) than Sarah.32The worker got up late this morning. He ran _ (quick) to the factory.三、选词/短语填空33You should
18、nt speak _ (loud / loudly) in the library.34The girl likes dancing. She dances very _ (beautiful / beautifully).35_ (Where / What) are we going today?Were going to the restaurant.36He brings some water _ (quick, quickly) and pours it into the hole.37The wind is blowing _ (gentle / gently). My windmi
19、ll (风车) is moving _ (slowly / slow).38Feifei is a _ girl.She is reading _ in the library. (quietly / quiet)39Be _! You should drive _ (careful / carefully).40Mr Green looks _. He talks with the boy _. (angrily / angry)41Kate doesnt draw _ (so good / so well) as Anna.答案：1B2B3C4A5B6A7C8B9A10C11B12B13A
20、14B15C16A17C18D19A20B21sadly22well23happily24safely25easily26sadly27excitedly28well29better30more carefully31faster32quickly33loudly34beautifully35Where36quickly37gently slowly38quiet quietly39careful carefully40angry angrily41so well记忆口诀副词的比较级和最高级用法副词也有比较级,只能用于二者比。三者往上最高级,加不加the都可以。副词的比较级和最高级变化规则副词要变比较级,规则类同形容词;词尾er词前more,单音多音要分清;还有一点需注意,副词没有双写加。最高级,也一样,er变成est;部分双音和多音,前加most就可以。
