1、在语法填空题中，一些特殊句式像倒装、省略、强调等在近几年的高考中还未涉及到，但也有考查的可能性，因为特殊句式是中学生必须掌握的语法知识，是阅读、写作中必须熟悉的知识，而且在写作中如果能恰当地使用倒装句、强调句型等，更会凸显一个考生的写作亮点，从而得到高分。1当only修饰名词与代词作主语时，不用倒装。Only Tom can solve the problem.2however whatever引导的状语从句的部分倒装。However difficult the problem may be，we must work it out this evening.无论这个问题会有多难，今晚我们必须解
2、决。Whatever reasons you have，you should carry out your promise.无论你有什么理由，你都应当遵守诺言。3as，though引导让步状语从句时倒装，可以把表语谓语动词、状语提前形成倒装形式。如果是单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，不再用冠词。如：Try as he might，he didnt pass the exam.Youngest as he is in our class，he speaks English best.4“名词with，along，with，together with，as well as，rather than，a
3、s much as，but，except等名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与第一个名词保持一致。如：Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party.汤姆以及他的两个朋友一起被邀请去参加聚会了。5集体名词family，class，crew，team，group，public，audience，crowd，government，committee等作主语时，动词的单复数形式要根据主语所指的意义而定。当把集体名词作为一个整体来看待时，谓语动词常用单数形式；如果指其中各个成员时，谓语动词常用复数形式。如：The class
4、consists of twentyfive boys and twenty girls.这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。The class are doing experiments.全班学生正在做实验。6先行词which/who/that(作主语)引导定语从句，从句谓语与先行词一致。one of复数名词关系代词作主语引导的定语从句，从句谓语用复数。the(only)one of复数名词关系代词作主语引导的定语从句，从句谓语用单数。学 以 致 用.句子改写，把下列句子变为倒装句1We dont know its value until we lose health._ _ _ _ _ _
5、 we know its value.2I will never forget you as long as I live._ _ I forget you as long as I live.3I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain._ _ _ _ _ _ than it began to rain.4We can improve our English only in this way._ _ _ _ _ _ improve our English.5We have so much homework to do that we have
6、 no time to take a rest._ _ _ _ we have to do that we have no time to take a rest.6If it had not been for your help，I would have been late for school._ _ _ _ for your help，I would have been late for school.答案1.Not until we lose health do2.Never will3No sooner had I gone out4.Only in this way can we5
7、So much homework do6.Had it not been.用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。1Either you or the headmaster _(be) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.2The teacher，with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class，_(visit) a museum when the earthquake struck.3Two fifths of the land in that district _(be) covered
8、 with trees and grass.4Nowadays，a large number of women，especially those from the countryside，_(work) in the clothing industry.5With more forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth _(wash) away each year.6He is the only one of the students who _ (be) the winner of scholarship for three ye
9、ars.7Every possible means _(use)to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear.8When and where to go for the onsalary holiday _(not，decide)yet.9She has set a new record，that is，the sales of her latest book _(reach) 50 million.10Professor Smith，along with his assistants，_ (work) on the p
10、roject day and night to meet the deadline.答案1.is2.was visiting3.is4.work5.are being washed6.has been7.has been used8.has not been decided9.have reached10.is working.根据句意与特殊句式，填入适当的词，使句意完整，然后熟读句子。1(2013课标，12)_ by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated properly in t
11、his hospital.答案Only句意：只有将医生的人数增加50%，这家医院的病人才能得到恰当的治疗。本题考查倒装句。“only状语”置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。其正常语序是：The patients can be treated properly in this hospital only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent.2(2013福建，34)Not until he went through real hardship _ he realize the love we have for our families is
12、 important.答案did句意：直到他经历了真正的困难，才意识到我们热爱家人的重要性。“Not until.”置于句首，主句需要部分倒装，用did。3(2013辽宁，26)At no time _ they actually break the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.答案did句意：实际上他们从未违反比赛规定，惩罚他们不公平。题干中表示否定意义的at no time置于句首，句子应该部分倒装。4(2013江苏，27)“Never for a second，”the boy says，“_ I doubt that m
13、y father would come to my rescue.”答案did句意：那个男孩说：“我一秒钟都没有怀疑过我父亲会来救我。”表示否定意义的词(主语除外)位于句首时句子要用部分倒装，根据句意可知说的是过去的事情，故用did。5(2013湖南，35)Not once _ it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.答案did句意：Michael不止一次想过有朝一日他会成为班里的优等生。表否定的not once置于句首，后面的主语和谓语需采用部分倒装形式。6(2013江西，25)_
14、 when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.答案Only句意：只有在他为自己的无礼道歉时我才会再理他。本题考查特殊句式。“only状语从句”置于句首时，主句部分倒装。7(2013课标，10)It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.答案that句意：直到阅读了这些文件之后，Gross先生才意识到摆在他面前的任务是极难完成的。
15、本题考查强调句。It is/was.that.是强调句型。还原为普通句式为：Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers.8(2013天津，11)It was not until near the end of the letter _ she mentioned her own plan.答案that句意：直到在书信快结束的时候她才提到她自己的计划。本题考查“not.until.”的强调句形式，即“It is/was not
16、 until.that.”。9(2013重庆，27)It was with the help of the local guide _ the mountain climber was rescued.答案that句意：正是在当地导游的帮助下这个登山者才被营救了。本题考查强调句型。被强调部分为with the help of the local guide，将本句还原为普通句式为With the help of the local guide，the mountain climber was rescued.判断强调句型的方法：把It is/was和that去掉后剩余的部分仍是一个完整的句子。
17、10(2012湖南，30)It was not until I came here _ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.答案that句意：直到来到这里我才意识到这里之所以出名不仅是因为它的美丽还因为它的天气。考查强调句，结构为“it was not until.that.”直到才。11(2012湖北，74)Little _ she care what she looks like；all she cares about is her job performance.答案d
18、oes句意：她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现。考查倒装句。表否定意义的little位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。12(2012天津，6)Only after Mary read her composition the second time _ she notice the spelling mistake.答案did句意：玛丽直到第二次读了她的作文之后才注意到那个拼写错误。考查倒装句。“only状语从句”置于句首时，主句主谓要部分倒装，即助动词置于主语前。其次，根据after引导的从句的时态可知，该句要用一般过去时。13(2011课标全国I,28)Only when he reached
19、 the teahouse _ he realize it was the same place hed been in last ycar.答案did句意：直到他到了茶馆的时候，他才意识到这就是他去年来的地方。only修饰状语(从句)置于句首时，句子(主句)需部分倒装。14(2011山东，23)Find ways to praise your children often，_ youll find they will open their hearts to you.答案and句意：设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。根据句意可知表顺承关系，故填and。15(2011四川
20、，15)Was it on a lonely island _ he was saved one month after the boat went down?答案that句意：他是不是在船沉了一个月之后在一个孤岛上被人救出来的？结合句意可知，这里用It was.that强调句结构，被强调的是地点状语on a lonely island。.语篇填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。AThere _1_ (be)a girl named Cinderella whose stepmother had two ugly a
21、nd lazy daughters.Not only _2_ they get good cares，but also they needed to do nothing.However，_3_ by doing dirty housework could Cinderella get access to food；and seldom could she _4_(gain)some rest.Not _5_ midnight was she allowed to go to bed.Poor _6_ she was，she was very beautiful.One day，from th
22、e palace came _7_ invitation，saying that the prince would choose his wife.Away went her stepmother and her stepsisters to the palace. Never had Cinderella _8_(be)permitted to go with them.“_9_ (be)I a princess，I would live a whole new life！”sighed Cinderella.No sooner had she sat down _10_ a goddess
23、 appeared and gave her a smart dress，a cargo as well as horses.But she warned Cinderella that everything would disappear at 12 oclock.When Cinderella arrived at the party，_11_ attractive was cinderella that the prince only danced with her.Hardly had the clock stricken twelve _12_ Cinderella began to
24、 run，and she left a crystal slipper on the stair.The princes servant came to Cinderellas to find out the owner of the slipper.Cinderellas elder sister couldnt wear it._13_ could another sister.Not a word could anybody say when Cinderella wore the slipper perfectly.From then on she lived happily ever
25、 after with her prince.【解题导语】 灰姑娘每天都要做很多家务，而继母和她的女儿则整日欺负灰姑娘。王子举行选妃舞会，灰姑娘在仙女的帮助下，漂漂亮亮地参加了舞会，并最终成为了王妃。1was因There be句型为完全倒装，主语为a girl。2did因not only.but(also).连接两个并列分句，not only放句首，其后分句需要部分倒装；从前后语境看，get该用一般过去时，而get是原形，故前面应加助动词did。3only从could Cinderella get这一部分倒装可以推断，前面是“Only状语(介词短语)”。4gain因seldom否定词放句首时，
26、句子需要部分倒装，有情态动词could提到主语前面了，因此gain用动词原形。5until是Not until.引导的状语从句。6as因as，though引导让步状语从句，其表语poor提前了。7an作地点状语的介词短语from the palace提前，句子用完全倒装，invitation(请柬)做主语，前面用不定冠词。8been因否定词放句首时，句子需要部分倒装；这是过去完成时的被动语态，故填been。9Were此处的Were I.If I were.表示与现在事实相反的假设。10than因no sooner.than.是固定句式。11so因so.that.是固定句式。12when因har
27、dly.when.是固定句式。13Neither灰姑娘的一个姐姐不适合，另一个姐姐也不适合，用neither表示前面所述一件事也不适合另一个人或物时。BOur school library, along with many other buildings，is very different from other schools.There _14_ (be)two computer rooms，three art rooms，a meeting room and a reading room in the library building.The number of the books _15
28、_ (be)large，and maybe there are 100,000 books in it.It is said that all the books cost our school 200,000 dollars.Maybe 200,000 dollars _16_ (be)large to every student.In the era of knowledge explosion，the number of the students who _17_(have)a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day.Nowadays，
29、our library has been developed into a multifunctional building.There are 50 computers in it.Many a student _18_ (like)to surf the Internet at weekends here and now you can see that my classmates，Mike and John _19_ (play) computer games there.When you turn to another room，you will find that a profess
30、or and writer _20_ (deliver)a speech.Each boy and each girl _21_ (focus)on his interesting speech.Every time there is a wonderful speech，the audience always _22_ (cheer) up.You are entering our art exhibition.A teacher with his students is at the room.On the wall _23_ (be)100 pictures，which attract
31、many students.An expert and teacher is explaining something important to us.【解题导语】 本文主要介绍学校图书楼功能室以及周末学生在里面的活动情况。14are因there be句型中be动词常与离其最近的主语保持一致。15is主语是the number of名词的复数时，谓语动词用单数形式。16is时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数当一个整体来作主语时，谓语动词用单数。17have关系代词who，that，which等在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。18likes因many a名词作主语时，尽
32、管意义上是复数，但因中心词是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式。19are playing两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。20is delivering当and连接的两个名词是指同一人时，谓语动词应该用单数形式。“a professor and writer”意思是“一个教授作家”。21is focusing用and连接的单数主语，前面有each，every，no等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。22cheer/cheers集体名词group，class，family，army，audience等作主语时，如果强调集体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。23are在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语保持一致。
