1、Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars For thousands of years，Changes story has been kept in human beingsmind.The legends that Pangu separates the sky from the earth and the goddess of Nvwa mended the heaven have encouraged human beings to explore the earth，the moon and Mars with their passion.Hu
2、man beings have achieved surprising achievements one after another in exploring space.To explore space has no end；to explore space is always on the way.千百年来，“嫦娥”的故事，一直存于人们的心间。“盘古开天辟地”和“女娲补天”的传说，更是激发了人类探索地球、探索月球和火星的激情。人类在探索太空的道路上取得了一个又一个的惊人的成就。探索太空，永无止境；探索太空，始终在路上Period 1 Warming Up&Reading.根据音标、词性和汉
3、语意思写出单词1._/strnmI/(n.)天文学2._/sIstm/(n.)系统；体系；制度3._/IrI/(n.)学说；理论4._/tm/(n.)原子5._/tmsfI/(n.)气氛；大气层6._/fndmentl/(adj.)基本的，基础的7._/teIn/(n.)链子；连锁；锁链astronomy system theory atom atmosphere fundamental chain 8._/mltIplaI/(vi.&vt.)乘；增加9._/ksIdn/(n.)氧10._/s/(adv.)因此；于是11._/daIksaId/(n.)二氧化物12._/pzl/(n.)谜；难题
4、(vi.&vt.)(使)迷惑；(使)为难multiply oxygen thus dioxide puzzle .根据词性和汉语意思写出单词，并注意拓展词汇1._(n.)宗教；宗教信仰religious(adj.)宗教的；虔诚的2._(n.)球体；地球仪；地球global(adj.)全球性的；全世界的3.violence(n.)暴力；歪曲_(adj.)猛烈的；激烈的4.like(prep.)像；如同_(反义词)不同；不像5.harm(n.)危害；损害_(adj.)有害的6._(vi.)存在；生存existence(n.)存在；生存religion globeviolentunlikeharmf
5、ulexist构词小窍门n.-aladj.tradition(n.)传统traditional(adj.)传统的person(n.)人；外表personal(adj.)个人的education(n.)教育educational(adj.)教育的origin(n.)起源；开端original(adj.)原始的.根据语境写出句中画线部分的含义1.She gave birth to a healthy baby last night.()2.Finally he got the tickets in his turn.()3.Something must be done to prevent the
6、 environment frombeing polluted.()4.Water is fundamental to survival.()5.They lay eggs from the beginning of July to the middle ofAugust.()分娩轮到他阻止基本的产卵.根据语境及汉语提示写出相应的短语1.Well catch up the train _(及时).2._(第一次)in his life he felt truly happy.3.He _(和)you is responsible for the accident.4.Our children
7、are very _(与不同)eachother.5._(由 于)the pilots strike，allflights have had to be cancelled.an timeFor the first timeas well asdifferent fromAs a result of.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.Para.1 A.The importance of water for life.Para.2 B.A widely accepted theory the
8、Big Bang.Para.3 C.The formation(形成)of the earth.Para.4 D.The development of plants and animals on the earth.Para.5 E.The arrival of humans and their influence on the earth.答案：Para.1B Para.2C Para.3APara.4D Para.5E.Read the text carefully and then choose the best answeraccording to the text.1.What be
9、gan to appear on the earths surface when it cooleddown？A.Water.B.Gases.C.Heat.D.Carbon.答案：A2.How did the atmosphere on the earth appear？A.It came from space.B.It came from the explosion.C.It came from the oceans.D.It came from the forests.答案：B3.Why did plants appear earlier than animals？A.Because pl
10、ants could produce oxygen，which was importantfor animals.B.Because plants were more advanced than animals.C.Because animals needed more water.D.Because plants needed more water.答案：A4.From the last paragraph we can infer that the author is_.A.confidentB.sadC.concernedD.angry答案：C5.According to the pas
11、sage we can know _.A.only the earth has life on it in spaceB.oxygen in the atmosphere on the earth came from the“BigBang”C.humans are the cleverest animals on the earthD.plants played an important part in the appearance of animals答案：D.Complete the following sentences with proper words andthink about
12、 the reasons.1.The earth became _ violent that it was not clear _the shape would last _ not.2._ is even more important is _as the earth cooleddown，water began to appear _its surface.3.This produced a chain reaction，_ made _ possiblefor life to develop.sowhetherorWhatthatonwhichit4.These animals were
13、 different _ all life forms in thepast，because they gave birth _young baby animals andproduced milk to feed them.5._a result of this，many scientists believe the earth maybecome _hot to live on.fromtoAstoo.Fill in the blanks according to the passage or the givenwords.The earth was just a cloud of dus
14、t after the“Big Bang”.Theearth 1._(explode)loudly with fire and rock.They were2._ time to produce many things，which were to make theearths atmosphere.3._ the earth cooled down，waterbegan to appear on its surface.It allowed the earth to dissolve4._(harm)gases.Then life began to develop.5._ first smal
15、l plants multiplied and filled the oceansand seas with oxygen.This encouraged the 6._(develop)ofearly shellfish and fish.Land animals such as insects，reptiles7._ dinosaurs and so on appeared after green plantsappeared.Small clever animals spread all over the earth.They areputting too much carbon dio
16、xide into the atmosphere，8._prevents heat from 9._(escape)from the earth into space.10._ life will continue on the earth for millions of years tocome will depend on whether this problem can be solved.答案：1.exploded 2.in 3.As 4.harmful 5.The6.development 7.and 8.which 9.escaping 10.Whether词汇1They were
17、 in time to produce carbon dioxide，nitrogen，water vapour and other gases，which were to make the earths atmosphere.(地球猛烈的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石)它们最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。in time 及时；终于；迟早Firemen reached the house on fire in time.消防队员及时赶到了失火的房子。Dont worryIm sure things will be better _.不要担心我相信情况迟早会有好转的。i
18、n timeat one time 曾经；一度in no time立即；立刻at the same time 同时at times有时；不时all the time一直；始终on time按时；准时at any time在任何时候at no time绝不/决不(用在句首时，句子要用部分倒装)at a time每次；一次We cant do two things _.我们不能同时做两件事情。The rescue teams were sent to the spot _whenthe cruise ship was turned over.当游船倾覆后，救援队被立即派往出事地点。at the s
19、ame timein no timeharmful adj.有害的It s _ to your eyes to read books in the bus.在公共汽车上看书对你的眼睛有害。词汇2What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。harmful(1)be
20、harmful to 对有害(2)harmlessadj.无害的，不致伤的be harmless to对无害的(3)harmn.伤害do harm to sb.do sb.harm 对某人有害The frequent occurrence of haze is harmful to our health！频繁发生的雾霾对我们的身体有害！Too much drinking will do great harm to you.Too much drinking will _.饮酒过量危害甚大。语境串记 This object gives off harmful gases which may do
21、 harm toour health.You must make the object harmless before you use it.此物会散发出有害气体，这些气体可能会损害我们的健康，你必须在使用它之前使它无害。do you great harmlay eggs 下蛋They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than140 million years.它们也下蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。Sir，what can I do？I cannot _.先生，我有什么办法？我不会下蛋。词汇3They produced you
22、ng generally by laying eggs.它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的。lay eggs(1)lay vt.(laid，laid，laying)把放下；摆放；铺(地毯)；产(卵)；归(罪)于(2)lay aside把放在一边lay off解雇；停止工作lay down放下He _the book on the table and left.他把书放在桌上就离开了。The hens dont lay during such cold weather.在这样的冷天里母鸡不下蛋。laid原形释义过去式过去分词现在分词lie撒谎liedliedlyinglie躺；位于laylainly
23、inglay放置；下蛋laidlaidlaying即学活用 选词填空(lie/lay)He wasnt telling the truth.He _ again.He felt tired，so he went and _down for a rest.He _his hand on my shoulder.liedlaylaidexist vi.存在；生存Dont be silly.Such a thing doesnt exist.别傻了，这种东西是不存在的。词汇4They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 m
24、illion years.它们也生蛋，在地球上存在了一亿四千多万年。(1)exist in存在于中exist on靠生活/生存There exists.某地有(2)existence n.存在；生活in existence现存的，现有的come into existencebegin to exist产生；成立；开始存在It was impossible for them to _such a small income.他们靠这么点收入生存是不可能的。There exists a temple on the hill.山上有座庙。It is said that the plant is the
25、 oldest _.据说这种植物是现存最古老的。名师点津 exist 是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也没有进行时。exist onin existencein ones turn 轮到某人；接着用法They，in their turn，gave some advice for the plan.他们接着为这项计划提了一些建议。This week I am to do the housework _.这一周该我做家务了。词汇5Thus they have，in their turn，become the most important animals on the planet.于是，它们接着成了这
26、个行星上最重要的动物。in my turnin turn依次；轮流；逐个；相应地；转而by turns轮流；交替in return作为报答；回报take turns doing/to do sth.轮流做Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事They took turns to look after their parents.他们轮流照顾他们的父母。The girls called out their names _.那些女孩逐一报出自己的名字。We did the work _.我们是轮流做这项工作的。_to deliver a speech in public.轮
27、到我在公众面前发表演讲了。in turnby turnsIts my turn名师点津 by turns 是“交替；轮流”的意思，多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行；如果表示“按顺序”则应该用 in turn。prevent.from 阻止；制止No one can _this plan _ being carried out.谁也不能阻止这个计划的实施。词汇6They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into spa
28、ce.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。preventfrom 1prevent.from.keep.from.stop.from.阻止做(2)protect.from/against.保护免受伤害We _attending ProfessorLis lecture by the heavy rain.大雨使我们没能参加李教授的演讲。He wears sunglasses _thestrong sunlight.他戴墨镜保护眼睛，使其免受强烈阳光的伤害。名师点津(1)在主动语态中“keep.from.”中的 from 不可省，“prevent.from.”
29、和“stop.from.”中的from 可省。(2)在被动语态中，这几个短语中的 from 都不可省。were prevented/stopped/kept fromto protect his eyes from/against句型1What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到4538亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成了一个固体的球状物。句式剖析(1)(2)what 引导
30、主语从句时，可在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。(3)主语从句中 was to become 是“be不定式”结构，在句中表示将来必然要发生的事。意为“注定”。What we need is knowledge.我们需要的是知识。_is that he will achieve success in time.我相信他迟早会成功的。_in learning English is enough practice.在英语学习中，最重要的是足够的练习。What I believeWhat matters mostPresident Xi Jinping is to visit that country n
31、ext week.习近平主席下周将访问那个国家。We _at the station at four this afternoon.我们今天下午4点在车站见面。are to meet句型2So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。句式剖析(1)该句是一个主从复合句，第一个 whether 引导的从句为主语从句；第二个
32、whether 引导的从句作 depend on 的宾语。(2)depend on“取决于”Everything depends on whether you agree with us.一切要看你跟我们意见是否一致。It is uncertain whether hell succeed in passing the drivingtest(or not).他是否能成功地通过驾驶考试还不确定。whether 和 if 的用法区别(1)引导宾语从句既可以用 whether，也可以用 if，两者常可以互换。但是引导介词之后的宾语从句用 whether，不用 if。(2)引导位于句首的主语从句、表
33、语从句、同位语从句时应当用 whether，不用 if。(3)后接动词不定式时用 whether，不用 if。(4)和 or not 连在一起时用 whether，不用 if。和 or not 隔开使用时既可用 whether，也可用 if。根据语境，用 if 或 whether填空I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not beendiscussed yet._ well go camping tomorrow depends on theweather.The question is _we can finish the task on time.I am thinking about _I should agree to the plan.whether/ifwhetherWhetherwhetherwhether点击进入WORD链接点击进入WORD链接Unit 4 Exercise 1谢谢观看！
