1、Module 3 The Violence of Nature Section Introduction,Reading and Vocabulary自主预习01考点探究02随堂演练03自主预习 01 课前小测 高效识记 .重点单词1_ n灾难2_ n洪水3_ n闪电4_ vt.经历5_ vt.引起，导致6_ vt.埋葬7_ n家具8_ vi.发生9_ adj.猛烈的，强烈的10_ vt.(雷电等)袭击答案1disaster 2.flood 3.lightning 4.experience 5.cause6bury 7.furniture 8.occur 9.violent 10.strike
2、.重点短语1occur _发生2_ a flash 一刹那3pick _卷起，捡起；学会4_ average 按平均计算5_ so 大约6end _结束7take _去掉；起飞8more _超过；不仅仅9put _放下10be buried _专心于答案1to 2.in 3.up 4.on 5.or 6.up7off 8.than 9.down 10.in考点探究 02 高频考点 理解拓展 1disaster n.C灾难People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久。disastrous adj
3、.灾难性的air disaster 空难natural disaster 自然灾害2experience vt.经历 n.U经验；C经历He experienced a lot of difficulties doing that work.做那项工作时他经历了很多困难。It is important to try and learn from experience.努力从经验中学习是重要的。Please tell us your experiences in Africa.请告诉我们你在非洲的经历。experience 作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词；作“经历”讲时，是可数名词。Kroll i
4、s an officer with experience,who has many odd experiences.克罗尔是个有经验的军官，他有着很多奇怪的经历。3cause vt.引起；导致 n.C，U原因；起因The bad weather is causing problems for many farmers.恶劣的天气给许多农民造成了困难。The cause of the fire is still unknown.火灾的起因仍未查明。Drunk driving is one of the most common causes of traffic accidents.酒后驾驶是导致
5、交通事故最常见的原因之一。cause sb.sth.cause sth.for sb.给某人带来问题/造成损失cause sb.to do sth.使某人去做某事cause sb.trouble/problems(cause trouble/problems for sb.)给某人带来麻烦/问题cause,reasoncause导致某事发生的行为、事件、情况等。reason 某事发生的“理由”或“缘由”。The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.(开车太快使事故发生)The reason he was
6、 driving so fast was that he was late for an important meeting.(开车快的理由是因为要迟到了)4violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的I have never seen such a violent storm.我从没见过这么猛烈的暴风雨。The violent quarrel with her husband made her feel bad.与丈夫激烈的争吵使她不快。She has a violent temper.她的脾气很暴躁。violence n.U暴力；猛烈；强烈5occur vi.发生；出现；想起The ac
7、cident occurred yesterday morning.事故发生在昨天上午。The highest rates of unemployment occur in the inner urban areas.最高的失业率出现在城市的贫民区。I suppose it didnt occur to you to phone me?我想你根本就没想到打电话给我吧？It occurs to sb.that.某人想到It occurs to sb.to do.某人突然想到做occur 的主语通常为事/物，但为了保持句子的平衡，通常将该事/物用 it 来代替，后置的 that 从句是真正的主语。
8、译他突然想到自己没有锁门。误He suddenly occurred that he hadnt locked the door.正It suddenly occurred to him that he hadnt locked the door.6wave n.C波浪 v.挥手；挥动；波动The waves crashed against the rocks.波浪冲击着岩石。She waved her hand to say good-bye.她挥手告别。wave to/at 向挥手；招手wave sb.goodbye 向某人挥手道别7strike(struck;struck/stricke
9、n)vt.&n.C(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；打；敲An earthquake struck the island.地震袭击了那座小岛。A snowball struck him on the back of the head.一团雪球打中他的后脑勺。Did you hear the clock strike?你听见钟响了吗？Would you support a nuclear strike to bring an end to a war?你赞成以核攻击结束战争吗？It strikes sb.that.某人突然意识到strike at 朝打去strike back 反击；回击strike,hi
10、t,beatstrike 比 hit 正式，常指“猛地一击”。hit侧重指“击中”，有时也指“打一下”。英语口语和日常书面语中更常用 hit。beat指连续地“打”。8.bury vt.埋葬；掩藏；埋头于Both his grandparents were buried here.他的祖父母都葬在这里。Where does he bury the treasure chest?他把珠宝箱藏在哪里了？In high school,teachers and parents want students to bury themselves in textbooks to prepare for ex
11、ams.高中时，老师和家长要求学生埋头读书，准备考试。He buried himself in books all day to escape from his sadness.他整天埋头于书本以逃避苦恼。bury oneselfbe buriedin(doing)sth.专心/埋头于(做)某事9current n.C海流；潮流；电流The current is strongest in the centre of the river.河中央水流最急。Electric current travels at lights speed.电流以光速传播。current adj.通用的，流行的；现在的
12、，当前的It was a current belief then that the earth was flat.当时人们公认地球是扁平的。The word is no longer in current use.这个词现在已经不用了。currently adv.目前，当前These areas are currently facing severe problems.这些地区当前正面临严峻的问题。固定搭配：current coin/money 通货，current affairs 时事10furniture n.总称家具She moved the furniture around.她把家具四
13、处移动。Theyve bought some furniture for their new house.他们买了些家具布置新房子。furniture 为不可数名词。a piece/set of furniture 一件/套家具furnish vt.为提供家具；布置；供应furnish A with B 用 B 装备 Afurnish A with B 为 A 提供 BIt cost us a fortune to furnish our new flat.买家具布置我们的新公寓花掉了一大笔钱。The school doesnt furnish students with lunch.学校不供
14、给学生午饭。11affect v.影响；侵袭；感动The climate affects his health.气候影响了他的健康。The south of the country was worst affected by the drought.该国南方旱情最严重。She was deeply affected by the news of his death.他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。be greatly/deeply affected by被深深打动；使悲伤be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉affection n喜爱；感情affect，effect(1)aff
15、ect 主语通常是物而不是人，指一物对另一物产生的消极影响。(2)effect 常用作名词，常用于 have an effect on 搭配中；作动词时，意为“导致；引起。”1The drug did not_(effect)his health.In fact,it seemed to have no effect at all.2The furniture in this room is quite different from _ in yours in size and style.3Each wave threw him down and the _ kept pulling him
16、 back into the sea.4Have you found anything wrong with your computer?Yes,and I was about to give it up when an idea occurred _ me that it may be struck by some kind of virus.5_ occurred to me that I should ring her up to explain the reason for my absence.6In order to pass the exam,Jane buries hersel
17、f _ her study.7Last night,a terrible hurricane _(strike)the village,and many people lost their lives.8This is the place where a _(violence)earthquake took place more than 30 years ago.9I was _(wave)my hand madly but he never once looked in my direction.10My grandpa is _(experience)in sailing.Now he
18、is describing one of his unforgettable experiences he has met with in the Indian Ocean.11Two thousand people died in the recent typhoon.Dont you think that is a _？12Heart trouble is one of the most serious _ of death among old people.答案与解析1affect解析：affect 为动词。2that解析：that 指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，furniture 为不
19、可数名词。3current解析：current“海流”。句意：每一个波浪都把他推倒，而且海流不断把他冲回海里。4to解析：sth.occur to sb.意为“某人突然想起了某事”。5It解析：it occurs/occurred to sb.that.意为“某人突然想起”。6in解析：句意：为了能够通过考试，简埋头学习。bury oneself in sth.“埋头于某事；专心于某事”。7struck解析：句意：昨天晚上，可怕的飓风侵袭了村子，很多人失去了生命。strike 表示“(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击”。8violent解析：句意：这就是三十多年前发生过一次大地震的地方。violent“猛
20、烈的；强烈的”。9waving解析：句意：我拼命地挥手，但他就是不往我这边看。从“他不往我这边看”知道 wave 这一动作正在进行，故用过去进行时。10experienced解析：experienced“有经验的，老练的”，常和 in 搭配。11disaster解析：句意：在最近的台风中有 2,000 人丧生，你不认为这是一场灾难吗？disaster“灾难”。12causes解析：句意：心脏病是导致老年人死亡的最严重的原因之一。造成一种事实或现象的起因用 cause。1pick up 卷起；掀起；接收(信号、声音等)；拿起；搭载；学到The sandstorm picked up many h
21、ouses last night.昨晚的沙尘暴卷起了许多房屋。We were able to pick up the BBC world service.我们能收到英国广播公司国际广播节目。He picked up the phone and dialed the number.他拿起电话，拨打了这个号码。Shes gone to the station to pick up some friends.她到车站去接朋友了。He was picking up writing skills quickly.他正在快速掌握写作技巧。pick off 摘掉；拔去pick on 挑选；选中pick ou
22、t 选出；辨别2put(.)down 放下；写下；记下Put your books down on the table.把你的书放在桌子上。Please put down the words on the blackboard.请把这些单词写在黑板上。put away 放好；把收拾起来put in 插入；放进；安装put off 推迟put up 张贴；举起；建造3take(.)off 去掉；摘下；脱下；起飞Could you please help me take the lid off the jar?你能帮我打开广口瓶的盖子吗？He took off his hat after ente
23、ring the house.他进屋后摘下了帽子。Youd better take off your shoes.你最好脱掉鞋子。The plane took off an hour late.飞机起飞晚了一个小时。take off 的一词多义：take away 拿走；消除take down 记下；取下；拿下take on 雇用；聘用；开始显现take out 取出；除去take up 开始从事；着手处理4on average 平均起来On average,there are twenty boys present every day.平均每天有 20 个男生出席。It takes me a
24、 week to read a book,on average.我平均一个星期读一本书。with an average of 平均above/below(the)average 在一般水平以上/以下up to the average 接近一般水平5end up 结果为；以结束We were to go out,but ended up watching TV.我们原计划外出，但结果却在家看电视。He ended up as the head of the company.他最后成为这家公司的老板。end up with 以告终begin/start with 以开始At the dinner
25、we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.在宴会上，我们通常以汤开始，以水果结束。6or so 大约；或许；左右(about;or more)There were twenty or so.大约有二十个。We stayed for an hour or so.我们停留了一小时左右。1My parents will move back into town in a year or_.2After staying in hospital for long,the patient was advised to go to the seaside
26、 to pick _ his health.3It is easy to pick _ my car from others in the parking place;it has an advertisement on the back of it.4You spend too much time sleeping.If I were you,Id take some time _.5How often do you attend the evening classes?_ average,three times per week.6Despite his great efforts,he
27、ended _ unsuccessfully after all.7Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can put _ almost every word her teacher says.答案与解析1so解析：句意：我父母将在一年左右的时间里搬迁回市区居住。“时间or soabout时间。”2up解析：pick up 恢复(健康等)，搭乘，捡起，学会；pick up health 恢复健康。句意：在医院待的时间太长了，医生建议病人去海边，这样有助于恢复健康。3out解析：pick out 挑选出，辨认出。4off解析：take
28、 off“拿掉，取消，减弱”。句意：你花太多时间睡觉了。如果我是你，我会减少睡觉的时间。5On解析：on average 平均起来。6up解析：end up“以结果而告终”，后接副词或介词短语作状语。句意：尽管他付出了很大的努力，可最后还是没有成功。7down解析：put down“写下，记下”。句意：玛丽的确擅长记笔记。她几乎能写下老师说的每句话。1They can destroy houses,but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.龙卷风可以破坏房子，而将家具留在原处。(1)句中“leave宾语宾语补足语”是一个固定搭配，意
29、为“使处于某种状态”。常见的宾语补足语的形式有：leave 宾 语 名 词/形容 词/介 词短 语/现 在分词/过去 分 词/as-clause/where-clause。Im sorry Ive left some of your questions unanswered.很抱歉，你有些问题我没有回答。Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain.不要让她在外面的雨里等着。(2)句中的 where it was 是 where 引导的状语从句，表示地点。如何判断 where 引导的定语从句和状语从句。where 引导定语从句应该有先行词；没有先行词，w
30、here 引导的为状语从句。Keep him where you can see him.(状语从句)让他待在你能看得见的地方。Keep him at the place where you can see him.(定语从句)让他待在你能看得见的地方。She was free to go where she liked and do what she liked.(状语从句)她可以任意去她想去的地方，做她愿意做的事情。2On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,50
31、0 injuries.平均来说，在美国每年有 800 次龙卷风，造成大约 80 人死亡，1,500 人受伤。此句中 causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries 作结果状语。v.-ing 形式作结果状语，表示由前面动作带来或造成的一种意料之中的结果。The naughty boy turned off the lights,making students in the classroom see nothing.那个淘气男孩关上了灯，结果教室里的学生什么也看不见。A number of new machines were introduced from
32、abroad,resulting in an increase in production.从国外引进许多新机器，结果产量增长了。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语须与句中主语一致。While crossing the street,be careful.过街时要小心。Hearing the news,they got excited.听到消息，他们都很兴奋。分词短语表示结果与不定式表示结果的区别：分词短语表示动作自身造成的必然结果；不定式表示出乎意料的结果。His parents died,leaving him an orphan.他父母去世，使他成了孤儿。I hurried there,only
33、to find the door locked.我匆匆赶到那里，结果发现门锁着。3By the time it ended,more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.到它结束时，已有 700 多人丧生，2,700 人受伤。句中的 by the time 作连词用，引导时间状语从句，意为“到为止，不迟于”。By the time I got to the station，the train had already gone.当我到达车站的时候，火车已经离开了。By the time I get home，the
34、y will have left.当我到家的时候，他们将会离开了。(1)如果其引导的从句用一般过去时，主句则用过去完成时。By the time she was 15,she had written three long novels.15 岁时，她已经写了三部长篇小说。(2)如果其引导的从句用一般现在时，主句则用将来时或将来完成时。By the time this letter reaches you，I will have left the country.当你收到这封信时，我将已离开这个国家了。4There are violent winds of 120 kilometres per
35、hour or more,which cause huge waves,heavy rain and floods.猛烈的风有时达到大约每小时 120 公里的速度，这样引起了巨浪、大雨和水灾。there be 句型(1)表示某个物体在什么地方，其结构为：Therebe主语其余部分。there 为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。There is a similar system in their country.他们的国家也有类似的制度。There are two other points to consider.另外还有两点需要考虑。(2)there be 句型中，谓语动词除 b
36、e 之外，还可以是某些状态动词，如：remain，lie，exist，live 等；以及表示位置转移的动词，如：arrive，come，enter，follow，rise 等。There exists no life on the moon.月球上没有生命。There remain some problems to be solved.一些问题有待解决。There rose a heavy smoke on the roof.屋顶上升起一阵浓烟。(3)there be 句型中，谓语动词还可以是 appear，seem，happen以及情态动词等。There appears to be a mi
37、stake.似乎有一个错误。There seems to be something wrong with it.好像有点儿毛病。There happened to be a tree on the top of the hill.碰巧山顶上有棵树。there happen to be 碰巧有there seem to be 好像有there is/are likely to be 可能有there may/might be 可能有there must be 一定有there cant be 不可能有there is said to be 据说有theres reported to be 据报道
38、有there used to be 过去有theres sure/certain to be 一定有1Tom took a taxi to the airport，only_(find)his plane high up in the sky.2 By the time you have finished this book，your meal_(get)cold.3Everything was placed exactly_he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.4Her _(appear)made me happy.5The sun began to rise in the sky,_(bathe)the mountain in golden light.答案与解析1to find解析：动词不定式作状语，表示出乎意料的结果。2will get解析：by the time 从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时。3where解析：where 引导地点状语从句。4appearance解析：名词作主语。5bathing解析：现在分词作伴随状语。句意：太阳在天空升起，金色阳光沐浴着大山。温示提馨请 做：随 堂 演 练 03（点击进入）温示提馨请 完 成：课时作业7（点击进入）
