1、Section Grammar & Writing非限制性定语从句阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1Xie Lei，who is 21 years old，has come to our university to study for a business qualification.2Living with host families，in which there may be other college students，gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture.3She is halfway through the
2、preparation year，which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句意 义起限定作用，指特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意思完整结构要求紧跟先行词，从句与先行词之间不加逗号用逗号与先行词或主句隔开功 能修饰先行词修饰先行词或整个主句引导词所有的关系代词及副词关系代词或关系副词，但是关系代词that及关系副词why除外省略情况关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省去非
3、限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省We walked down the village street，where the villagers were having market day.我们沿着村里的大街向前走去，村民们正在那里赶集。We visited the school where we studied two years ago.我们参观了两年前上学的学校。This is the book (which/that) he lost yesterday.这就是他昨天丢的那本书。The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found.他昨天丢的
4、那本书已找到了。二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题1非限制性定语从句不用that引导。I am fond of the novel，which you bought for me.我喜欢那本小说，就是你给我买的那本。2非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which代替why。I have told him the reason，for which I missed the early bus.我没能赶上早班车，我已经告诉了他原因。3非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个主句的内容。He is shallow，which is known to us all in our company
5、.他很肤浅，我们公司的人都知道。三、as，which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别1两者都可引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句或主句的一部分内容，有时可以互换。但as引导的从句位置较灵活，能置于主句之后、之前或插在主句中间，且有“正如”之意；而which引导的从句只能置于主句之后。As we know，light travels faster than sound.Light，as we know，travels faster than sound.Light travels faster than sound，as we know.正如我们所知，光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快。My parents
6、 often treat me as a baby，which I cant bear.父母常常把我当小孩看待，这是我难以忍受的。2as常用于as is well known，as often happens，as may be imagined，as we know，as we can see，as we expect等结构中，而which不能。Smoking is harmful to ones health，as is known to all.吸烟有害健康，这一点是众所周知的。四、“介词关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句该结构中，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不可以用th
7、at；关系代词在从句中作定语时用whose。He came to a farm，on which he finally settled.他来到一个农场，最终在那里定居。He has two sons，both of whom are doctors.他有两个儿子，都是医生。.单句语法填空 【导学号：88172020】1_is known to everybody，the moon is smaller than the earth.2I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade，_ I went up to rescue a ki
8、te that was stuck in the branches of a tree.3He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother，_he loved and respected as his own mother.4He has passed the college entrance examination，_ makes his parents quite happy.5The glasses，without _ he was like a blind man，were broken.【答案】1.As2.when3.w
9、hom4.which5.which.单句改错1The earth is round，that circles round the sun._2He had two sons，both of them are college students._3He failed in the exam，as made his father very angry._4I may have to work late，in that case Ill phone you._5He visited the Great Wall again，there he went two years ago._【答案】1.tha
10、twhich2.themwhom3.aswhich4.thatwhich5.therewhere给笔友写一封信本单元的写作任务要求学生以书信形式向笔友传递某种信息，表明一种态度或说明某件事情。要求学生能够组织文章结构，安排要点，并选词造句，联句成篇，并注重书信用语的礼貌性、交际性。书信内容涉及日常生活、学校生活、社会习俗、近期打算等，是高考中的常考类型。亮点句式1常用的开头语Thank you for your letter dated September 1.Thank you very much for your letter and the gift you sent me.I have
11、 the pleasure/honor to inform/tell you that.I must apologize for not writing to you for so long.I am writing to you.I am excited/glad/happy to learn that.2常用的正文Although I dont know how to deal with the trouble you have mentioned，I am very happy because I have a chance to.Thats about it.Lets talk abo
12、ut.now.3常用的结束语I look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.I look forward to seeing you soon/our next meeting/hearing from you.Please write to me when you have time.With best regards to your family.Please give my love/regards/best wishes to.写作任务假定你是李华，下个月你将去英国学习。请给你的笔友Peter写信，告诉他你想利用周末时
13、间参加社区志愿活动，以便亲身体验生活。要点如下：1表达心情；2询问信息；3表达愿望。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Peter，How is everything going._Id appreciate your reply soon and I cant wait to see you next month.Yours，Li Hua审题谋篇体裁书信话题志愿活动时态一般将来时人称第一、二人称遣词造句.词汇1_ 盼望2_ 志愿者工作3_ 社区4_ 指导5_ 在周末6_ 帮助某人某事【答案】1.look forwar
14、d to2.volunteer work 3community4.guidance5.on weekends 6help sb.with sth.句式1I will come to Britain next month and see you finally.Its great.(改成复合句)Its_great_that_I_will_come_to_Britain_next_month_and_see_you_finally.2Would you kindly tell me what volunteer work I could do in the community close to m
15、y school？(改成beadj.enoughto do结构)Would_you_be_kind_enough_to_tell_me_what_volunteer_work_I_could_do_in_the_community_close_to_my_school?妙笔成篇_【参考范文】Dear_Peter，How_is_everything_going.Its great that I will come to Britain next month and see you finally.I feel excited and look forward to studying in you
16、r country.I heard that we could do some volunteer work as a student there.Would you be kind enough to tell me what volunteer work I could do in the community close to my school？And I also want to know if there is any chance for me to do it on weekends.I believe your valuable guidance can help with m
17、y study in Britain.Id_appreciate_your_reply_soon_and_I_cant_wait_to_see_you_next_month.Yours，Li_Hua学业分层测评.完成句子 【导学号：88172046】1我们队有15名新成员，其中两个来自加拿大。There are fifteen new players in our team，_.2我告诉了他们我为什么没有参加上星期的宴会。I told them the reason，_ last week.3我们所有人都去了故宫博物馆，在那儿我们参观了钟表馆。All of us went to the Pal
18、ace Museum，_.4史密斯先生的脚受了重伤，他很快就被送到了当地医院。Mr. Smith，_，was quickly sent to the local hospital.5报纸上宣布，明年它将被发射并绕月飞行。_，it will be launched and travelled around the moon next year.【答案】1.two of whom come from Canada2.for which I didnt attend the party3.where we visited the clock section4.whose foot was badly
19、 hurt5As is announced in the newspaper.阅读理解ARecently more students are choosing to study abroad as they think it is worthwhile.However, some people think it is not a good idea.There are a number of disadvantages in studying abroad.The following paragraphs will explain why students have these views a
20、nd the advantages of studying abroad will be discussed. Students studying abroad may suffer from racial discrimination (歧视)As they left their home country, they will become part of a minority group in the new country.The majority group may have a sense of superiority and try to bully them.It is comm
21、on that Americans or the British discriminate against people from other countries since many of them think that white people are better than others.In addition, the students may lose their own cultures.Since they have moved to a new place, all the things therepeople, lifestyle and the living environ
22、mentwould be different from those in their own country.As they will have close contact with the local people and culture, they will be influenced by the new culture even without realizing it.It is ironic that a Chinese person speaks better English than Chinese and forgets about Chinese culture after
23、 studying abroad for a few years.On the other hand, studying abroad will widen the view of students.Although they may give up their own culture, they can really learn from others.As students of the modern world, they should not limit their scope to their home country, but get exposed to the world.St
24、udying abroad can help them expand their horizon and learn many things in the host country, as they will meet and make friends with people from all over the world.So, studying abroad is good for them.Furthermore, students will learn how to be mature and independent.Students, when in their home count
25、ry, usually rely on their parents.Statistics show that Chinese students usually rely heavily on their parents; they will leave problems alone and ask their parents to solve them.If they are studying abroad，on many occasions they have to learn how to cope with difficulties they meet.As a result, stud
26、ying abroad benefits them. All in all, studying abroad will change and influence a student in many aspects.Although it is uncertain whether the effects will be positive or negative, I believe students should seize the opportunity to study abroad because they will meet many new things and have new ex
27、periences in the new country.If they are clever enough, I think they can find a balance between learning about the new culture and holding onto their own one.【语篇解读】现在很多人选择去国外学习，他们认为这很值得。但也有一些人认为去国外学习不好，他们的理由是什么呢？1. Students studying abroad _.A. will be respected by the localsBwill forget their ances
28、torsCmay be treated unfairDmay have difficulty overcoming homesickness【解析】细节理解题。由第二段Students studying abroad may suffer from racial discrimination(歧视)可知选C项。【答案】C2. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?AThe language environment will shorten the time of learning a language.BStudents studying abroad may
29、be influenced by the new culture unknowingly.CStudying abroad is much more comfortable than studying in your own country.DA Chinese studying abroad only needs a few years to speak excellent English.【解析】细节理解题。由第三段首句In addition, the students may lose their own cultures.可推知B项正确。【答案】B3. Why can studying
30、 abroad widen the view of students?ABecause they may give up their own culture.BBecause they have to solve everything on their own.CBecause they can recite a lot of things and write them down.DBecause they can meet and make friends with people from all over the world.【解析】细节理解题。由第四段最后一句话推知D项正确。【答案】D4
31、. Which of the following can best serve as a title for this passage? A. Should students study abroad and work there?BShould students leave their own country and study abroad?CShould students studying abroad give up their own culture?DShould students learn how to be mature and independent?【解析】主旨大意题。文
32、章主要谈论在国外学习的有利和不利之处，故选B项。【答案】BBA reader from Brazil recently wrote to us asking for some advice.Hes planning a trip to the United States, and wanted to know about the best places to travel in America.Today，we are going to give you some information which may help you when choosing your destination.Eac
33、h of the 50 states in America has interesting things to offer visitors, but some are more popular than others.Washington DC.is famous for its historical places, like the White House and the Lincoln Memorial.Visitors to Los Angeles, California can see the Hollywood Walk of Fame or shop the stores on
34、Rodeo Drive where they may see a star or two.The Grand Canyon in Arizona appeals to hikers, climbers and nature lovers, as does Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming.TripAdvisor is a website where people can write reviews about their travel experiences. Brooke Ferencsik of TripAdvisor said the top pi
35、cks on the list were not surprising.And its no secret why New York City was named the number one destination.New York City is sometimes called “the city that never sleeps”It is an exciting place for many people.But the city might be too busy for travellers looking for rest and calm.They might want s
36、omething more like Myrtle Beach, in the state of South Carolina, which made it number 21 on TripAdvisors list.“A lot of people come to Myrtle Beach for great weather; its a wonderful family vacation spot, the beachesgot thewonderful Atlantic beaches there there are a lot of familyfriendly parks and
37、water parks.”Because there are many tourists visiting other places,June until August is known as “high season”. Travellingduring the high season can be crowded.Hotels, restaurants,and transportation might also be very expensive.If you want to save money on a trip, it is a good idea toplan to leave b
38、efore or after the summer months.These timesare known as “shoulder seasons” for travel.“If youre looking for value, try and think about travellingthrough the shoulder season if its possiblethe shoulderseason being the fall or the spring months.The weather is still verygood in some of these destinati
39、ons, and you can get betterprices.”Americas major cities are still the most populardestinations for visitors. Ferencsik says this is because of thegood quality of services they provide tourists.【语篇解读】本文提供了一些去美国旅游时对游客有用的信息。5Lily has great interest in nature and American history.Shecan visit_.AThe Gra
40、nd Canyon and Rodeo DriveBCalifornia and Los AngelesCWhite House and Arizona DWashington DC.and The Grand Canyon【解析】细节理解题。从第二段第二句话可知Washington DC.有历史名胜，从第二段第四句话可知The Grand Canyon吸收了大自然爱好者，所以D选项正确。【答案】D6Which of the following is NOT true about Myrtle Beach?APeople can enjoy a wonderful holiday with t
41、heir family there.BIts a place where people can have rest and calm.CIts on the list of the top 25 cities to visit in the United States.DIts in North Carolina with great weather that attracts tourists.【解析】细节理解题。从第四段最后一句和第五段前半句可以判断应选D项。【答案】D7Why does the author suggest travelling through the shoulder
42、seasons?ATo enjoy good weather in spring and fall.BTo have a good quality of services.CTo have better value of travelling.DTo save money and energy.【解析】细节理解题。从倒数第二段判断C选项正确。作者建议人们在“shoulder season”旅游的原因就是能够“have better value of travelling”。【答案】C8The author writes this passage to_.Agive some informati
43、on about the top 25 cities to visit in the USABtalk about some American popular places and advice on travellingCadvise tourists to visit big cities for their good service and opportunitiesDgive advice on saving money and time when travelling in America【解析】推理判断题。作者在文章第一段最后一句 Today, we are going to gi
44、ve you some information which may help you when choosing your destination.就阐明了主题。所以B选项正确。【答案】B.语法填空There is 1._old Spanish Proverb which states, “Tomorrow is often the 2._ (busy) day of the week”How many 3._ (time) have we put off our dreams until tomorrow? Id say, too many.Our dreams should not, an
45、d cannot wait.We have to go for them now! Here are the reasons. Tomorrow is not promised.Nobody likes to talk about 4._(dead), but the reality is 5._ is going to die at one point.None of us know the day, or the hour.Therefore, today is all we have.Dont go to your grave 6._ unfulfilled dreams.Make th
46、e decision to go after every dream, big or small right now. Youll be much 7._(happy) if you go for it.Imagine how much happier youll be if youre living the life you always 8. _ (dream) about.The only thing 9._ is stopping you is yourself.Take control of your own happiness.Dont keep your dreams 10._(
47、wait)Go after them today!【答案】1.an句意：一个古老的西班牙谚语。old以元音开头，故填an。2busiest句意：最忙碌的一天。此处用最高级，故填busiest。3times句意：很多次。故填times。4death句意：没有人喜欢谈论死。所以此处的“死”应该用名词形式，故填death。5everybody/everyone句意：事实上每个人都会死的。故填everybody/everyone。6with句意：带着没有完成的梦想。故填with。7happiermuch可以放在比较级前面修饰比较级，所以此处用比较级，故填happier。8dreamed根据句意及结构，
48、应填动词的过去式。9thatThe only thing是先行词，定语从句缺少主语，所以后面的定语从句用that引导。故填that。10waiting keep sb.doing sth.让某人总是做某事。所以此处用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填waiting。.短文改错 【导学号：88172047】May I have your attention, please?As you know it, our class will have a talk show on environment protection with Class One on May 4th.Before it take pl
49、ace, we will invite Dr.Li from Qinghua University give us a talk on the environment problem and he will also tell you about the improvement in environment protection in recent years in Beijing.The report will begin at 2：00 pm in Wednesday, April 30th in the auditorium on the third floor in the class
50、room building.Im sure we can get enough informations from his talk to make well preparations for a coming talk show.Everyone should be there on time, then listen to the report or take full notes on the same time.Thats all.Thank you.【答案】May I have your attention, please?As you know it, our class will
51、 have a talk show on environment protection with Class One on May 4th.Before it place, we will invite Dr.Li from Qinghua University give us a talk on the environment problem and he will also tell about the improvement environment protection in recent years in Beijing.The report will begin at 2：00 pm in Wednesday, April 30th in the auditorium on the third floor in the classroom building.Im sure we can get enough from his talk to make preparations for coming talk show.Everyone should be there on time, then listen to the report take full notes the same time.Thats all.Thank you.
