1、第一部分选择性必修第一册UNIT 5阅读理解A(江西省南昌市八一中学2021届高三第三次模拟考试)There are many oceans and lakes in the United States where you can gain unexpected experiences. Here are some of most stunning ones found throughout the United States. Ocracoke Beach, North CarolinaOcracoke Island has 16 miles of undeveloped sandy sho
2、reline. It is a barrier island of the Outer Banks of North Carolina, and it is a part of the Cape Hatteras National Seashore. Ocracoke is fairly remote and can only be reached by public ferry, private boat or private plane. The beach is perfect for swimming, fishing, surfing, sunbathing, fishing and
3、 even camping. Certain portions of the beautiful sandy beach can be enjoyed by offroad vehicles. Sand Beach, MaineLocated on Mt. Desert Island, Sand Beach offers visitors to Maine an amazing beach destination. Visitors to Acadia National Park have the opportunity to enjoy all of the beauty and excit
4、ement of this park. This beach is wonderfully sandy and is even a safe place to enjoy swimming. Bordered on both sides by rocky headlands, visitors can also appreciate the tide pools as well as some unique wildlife living in the headlines. Poipu Beach, Kauai, HawaiiWidely considered to be one of the
5、 most beautiful beaches in the United States if not the world, Poipu Beach is located on the south shore of Kauai and is part of Poipu Beach Park. The beach is composed of a string of golden sandy crescent shaped beaches. Visitors to Poipu can have hours of fun snorkeling, boogieboarding, swimming,
6、and surfing. The best surfing spots are located slightly offshore, the reef establishes wave breaks which make good surfing for surfers of all experience levels. South Ocean Beach, Mary landLocated on the fascinating Assateague Island, South Ocean Beach is a beautiful Atlantic coast beach. This shor
7、eline is drivable, giving visitors the opportunities to enjoy all the miles of the beach and all of the activities of the beach, South Ocean Beach even offers some fantastic surfing conditions in the region as well. 1What can visitors do when theyre in Sand Beach, Maine?AEnjoy rare species. BGo camp
8、ing. CTake a walk. DWatch a game. 2What kind of transportation is favored when you visit South Ocean Beach, Maryland?AOn foot. BHiring a ferry. CBy car. DRiding a bike. 3Who will be enthusiastic about the text?ABird watchers. BBeach lovers. CFashion designers. DLandscape architects. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，介
9、绍了美国一些适合观赏和游玩的海滩。1A细节理解题。根据Sand Beach, Maine中“Bordered on both sides by rocky headlands, visitors can also appreciate the tide pools as well as some unique wildlife living in the headlines. ”可知，游客可以在Sand Beach, Maine看见稀有物种。故选A项。2C细节理解题。根据South Ocean Beach, Mary land中“This shoreline is drivable, givi
10、ng visitors the opportunities to enjoy all the miles of the beach and all of the activities of the beach”可知，在参观游览South Ocean Beach, Mary land可以驾车。故选C项。3B推理判断题。根据第一段“There are many oceans and lakes in the United States where you can gain unexpected experiences. Here are some of most stunning ones fou
11、nd throughout the United States. ”并结合全文介绍的四个海滩可知，海滩爱好者会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B项。B(江苏苏锡常镇2021届高三下学期5月教学情况教研)Ian McKenna was in third grade when he learned that many kids at his Austin school werent getting enough to eat at home. He wanted to help, but local volunteer organizations turned him away, saying he was
12、 too young. So he decided to find his own solution. For years, he had been gardening with his mother, and they often distributed their extra vegetables to the neighbors. “Why not give the produce to a soup kitchen? Then I thought, Im good at gardening，” says McKenna, now 16“Why not plant a garden at
13、 school, so that kids in need could take food home？”McKenna persuaded his school to set aside space for a garden; then he asked the community for donations of seeds and equipment. Other students donated their time. Within months, McKennas garden was producing lettuces, tomatoes, cucumbers and squash
14、 for students and their families. Now, seven years later, McKennas Giving Garden project has expanded to five area schools in addition to his own backyard garden, and he has provided organic produce, enough for 25,000 meals, to Austin families. For most of his gardening activities, McKenna wears the
15、 same Tshirt in different colours, with his personal motto on it: BE A GOOD HUMAN. To him, that means helping in any way you can, no matter what your age. “Even a smile might change someones life，” he says. “It lets them know that they are important. It can make their day. ”When COVID19 hit the US.
16、, McKenna redoubled his efforts, cooking up to 100 meals to distribute to the hungry on the weekends. When social distancing meant that volunteers couldnt work on community garden plots, he started offering online classes and a gardening hotline so families could grow at home. While gardening is his
17、 core focus, McKenna says he is always looking for new ways to help the hungry. 4What caused Ians decision to help the kids in his own way?ABeing rejected by volunteer groups. BBeing good at gardening. CA soup kitchens support. DHis mothers suggestions. 5What do we know about the Giving Garden proje
18、ct?AIt helps students only. BIt was started with joint efforts. CIt was funded by schools. DIt earns great profits every year. 6Which of the following can best explain Ians personal motto?AWhere there is a will, there is a way. BA small gesture makes a difference. COne good turn deserves another. DL
19、ove can break all the barriers. 7What is the best title for the passage?AIan McKenna, Growing a Food BankBIan Mckenna, an Experienced GardenerCGiving Garden Project, an Impossible MissionDGiving Garden Project, a Universal Solution【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Ian McKenna看到学校很多孩子没有足够的东西吃，就在学校种植一个食物花园来帮助他们。4A细节理解题。
20、根据第一段中“He wanted to help, but local volunteer organisations turned him away, saying he was too young. So he decided to find his own solution. ”可知，被志愿者组织拒绝使Ian决定用自己的方式帮助孩子们。故选A项。5B推理判断题。根据第二段中“McKenna persuaded his school to set aside space for a garden; then he asked the community for donations of s
21、eeds and equipment. Other students donated their time. ”可知，Giving Garden项目是始于很多人的共同努力。故选B项。6B推理判断题。根据第三段中“To him, that means helping in any way you can, no matter what your age. Even a smile might change someones life， he says. ”可知，B项“一个小的举动也能有大的影响”最能解释Ian的座右铭。故选B项。7A标题推测题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Why not plant
22、a garden at school, so that kids in need could take food home？”可知，本文主要讲述Ian McKenna种植一个食物花园来帮助很多没有东西吃的孩子的故事。故选A项。C(原创)When was the last time you thought about breathing? Most people usually do not. When we are healthy, breathing happens naturally and easily. Without much effect on our part, the huma
23、n respiratory system(呼吸系统) works hard. Experts say we take about 20,000 breaths every day. One such expert is James Hoyt, a doctor at the University of Colorados Health Pulmonology Clinic. He notes our “respiratory muscles are working every minute of the day, every day of our lives. ” A muscle calle
24、d the diaphragm(横膈膜) separates the chest and abdominal cavities(腹腔). As we breathe in, the diaphragm tightens. The chest cavity opens, and the lungs expand. When we breathe out, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, pushing air out. When you breathe deeply, the air coming in through your nose full
25、y fills your lungs, and the lower belly(腹部) rises. On its website, Harvard Medical School notes that deep breathing may slow the heartbeat, lower blood pressure and lower stress. Deep breaths help your body fully exchange incoming oxygen with outgoing carbon dioxide. However, many people do the oppo
26、site of deep breathing. They take short breaths and have shallow breathing. Shallow breathing makes you feel short of breath and worried, or anxious. The American Lung Association notes that shallow breathing, over time, leaves old, stale air in the lungs. This leaves less room for the diaphragm to
27、bring in fresh oxygen. And that means lower oxygen levels and less oxygen for exercise and activity. Several health websites explain an easy deep breathing exercise. Find a place to sit or lie down. Place one hand just below your ribs(肋骨). Take a slow, deep breathor inhalethrough your nose. Feel you
28、r hand go up. Your stomach should rise and expand. Now breathe out slowly through your mouth. Make sure to breathe outor exhaleall the way. Feel your hand and stomach go down. 8How can we breathe air out?ABy the diaphragms tightening. BBy the chest cavitys opening. CBy the the lungs expanding. DBy t
29、he diaphragms moving upward. 9What does the author think of deep breathing?AIts harmful. BIt can cause anxiety. CIt can reduce stress. DIts bad for the heart. 10Whats the probable meaning of the underlined word “stale”？ANo longer new. BNot beneficial. CPoisonous. DAvailable. 11Which column is the te
30、xt taken from?ASpecial News. BHealth Report. CThe Making of a Nation. DPeople in America. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。人类的呼吸系统一直在运转。专家称，人类平均每天大约呼吸两万次。深呼吸有助于肺部健康。8D细节理解题。根据文章第二段后半部分的表述可知：有种叫做横膈膜的肌肉将胸腔和腹腔分开。当我们吸气时，横膈膜收紧，胸腔打开，肺部扩张。当我们呼气时，隔膜放松并向上移动，将空气推出。故选D项。9C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Harvard Medical School notes that deep bre
31、athing may slow the heartbeat, lower blood pressure and lower stress. ”可知，哈佛医学院在其网站上指出，深呼吸可以减缓心跳、降低血压并减轻压力。故选C项。10A词义猜测题。结合下一句中的关键词“bring in fresh oxygen”及常识，同时联系stale前面的词汇old可知，stale意思是“不新鲜的、污浊的”，故A项正确。句意：美国肺协会指出，随着时间的推移，浅呼吸会在肺部留下陈旧、不新鲜的空气。这样隔膜就没有足够的空间来吸收新鲜的氧气。故选A项。11B文章出处题。本文重点讲述深呼吸对肺部有益，这属于“健康类”话
32、题，A项“特别新闻”、C项“建国史话”和D项“美国人物志”均与本文话题内容相关度较低。故选B项。七选五阅读How to Make a Good Cup of TeaGeorge Orwell laid out 11 basic principles to make a good cup of tea, from warming the pot beforehand to stirring the leaves before pouring. In his essay, A Nice Cup of Tea, Orwell stated that “the water should be actu
33、ally boiling at the moment of impact, which means that one should keep it on the flame while one pours”_1_ “Some people add that one should only use water that has been freshly brought to the boil, but I have never noticed that it makes any difference，” he went on to state. _2_ One of Britains leadi
34、ng tea experts has now put forward that the water used for making a cup of tea should never be boiled more than once. William Gorman, chairman of the Tea and Infusions Association, warns that boiling the same water more than once removers the oxygen and nitrogen and results in a “dull” cup of tea. M
35、r. Gorman said, “_3_ But doing this you will give yourself a dull cup of tea. You need freshly draw water for a good cup because reboiling it takes all the oxygen and nitrogen out of it. ”_4_ Mr. Gorman said, “A better solution is to put it in the microwave for 15 to 20 seconds. When you microwave t
36、ea, all youre doing is just moving the molecules around and getting it back up to a decent temperature. _5_”AIt is not impacting the flavour at all. BActually using clay pot is always better than other kettles. CHowever, on that point at least, it seems he was wrong. DWhat he didnt insist on was tha
37、t the water should be boiled just once. EUsually when peoples tea goes cold they reboil the kettle and make another cup. FHe also considered it a good idea to put in more tea to keep up the temperature. GBesides, Mr. Gorman advocates something which Orwell would surely have protestedusing a microwav
38、e to make tea. 【语篇导读】Orwell在他的论文A Nice Cup of Tea(一杯好茶)中讲述了泡茶的基本原则，针对泡茶过程中“水”应该煮沸多少次的问题。作者引用其他人的观点，进行了对比和思辨。1D上文写了Orwell对泡茶的水提出的要求，后文提到他对“泡茶的水只能煮一次”的不赞同。故选D项。2C上文已经表明他对“泡茶的水只能煮一次”的不赞同，下文说到了不同的观点。C项表达了Orwell的观点或许是错的，符合上下文语境。故选C项。3E后面“doing this”所指代的内容即是E项描述的内容，与下文提到的反复煮会导致水里的氧和氮丧失的结果相符合。故选E项。4G根据下文内容描述可知，此处需要引出用微波炉泡茶的方法，故G项符合语境。故选G项。5A结合上下文的语境内容可推知，空格处表达含义是“完全不会影响到茶的味道”，这一内容跟在“用微波炉泡茶的方式”之后，符合行文语境，上下连贯通畅。故选A项。
