1、河北省张家口宣化一中2021届高三英语上学期阶段测试试题（三）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ASummer Leadership Programs for High School Students Do you see yourself as a leader？Strong leadership skills are a great way to set yourself apart on a college application as well as in your future career.Below are four summer programs that will
2、 give you a head start on improving your leadership abilities. The Brown Leadership Institute Brown Universitys pre-college summer programming includes The Brown Leadership Institute,a month-long leadership training session for high school students. The program aims to apply leadership skills to soc
3、ial issues.Through case studies, discussions and debates,students examine complicated global issues and learn to come up with effective solutions. Students Today Leaders Forever Students Today Leaders Forever,a national non-profit student leadership association,offers this live-in summer experience
4、for high school students.Students participate in leadership workshops and team-building activities with a focus on organization,teamwork,communication,and an overall commitment to effecting positive change.There are two six-day sessions hosted on the campuses of Hamline University. Leadership in the
5、 Business World Rising high school seniors interested in exploring undergraduate business administration and leadership are encouraged to apply to this program,sponsored every summer by the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.The two-week program is offered at both of Whartons campuses
6、in San Francisco and Philadelphia. National Student Leadership Conference This program offers a five-day course on Mastering Leadership.It includes a series of workshops that emphasize the Pillars of Effective Leadership，including goal- setting,group brainstorming,team building,people-convincing com
7、munication,and community service,as well as taking field trips,meeting with leadership professionals, and completing a day of service in the local community.Dates and locations vary.1. What can students do in the program offered by Brown University？ _ A. Meet with leadership professionals.B. Partici
8、pate in community service.C. Analyze difficult world issues.D. Take several field trips.2. Which program is located at Hamline Universitys campuses？ _ A. Students Today Leaders Forever.B. The Brown Leadership Institute.C. Leadership in the Business World.D. National Student Leadership Conference.3.
9、How long does the program focusing on business administration last？ _ A. Five days.B. Twelve days.C. Two weeks.D. One month.BThe gender gap in maths-related subjects is obvious.In almost all countries,far fewer women than men choose STEM（理工科）careers. Its not that girls and women are bad at maths.In
10、the UK in 2019，for example, 39% of 18-year-old girls who studied maths at A-level achieved an A or A*，compared to 42% of boys.For A-level physics,29% of girls achieved the top two grades, compared to 28% of boys.But in both subjects,boys heavily outnumbered girls-by more than 3：1 in the case of phys
11、ics.So why are so many girls turning their backs on these subjects？ A study published recently in the journal PNAS suggests that the answer may in fact lie in male-female differences in academic ability,but the ability in question is reading, not maths.Thomas Breda ，at Paris School of Economics,and
12、Clotilde Napp,at Paris Dauphine University,wondered whether this male-female difference in reading could help explain the gender gap in STEM careers.Every three years,hundreds of thousands of 15-year-olds in more than 60 countries take part in the PISA study.Students complete tests in maths,reading
13、and science,and answer questions about their future career intentions.When Breda and Napp looked at the data from PISA 2012，they realized they were on to something. There were small gender gaps in maths performance at 15 years old,but these gaps were too small to explain the huge gender segregation（
14、隔离）in STEM， says Breda.But for reading,the tables were turned；the girls were much better than the boys.As a result,when a boy and a girl had similar scores in maths,the girl usually had an even better score in reading. When Breda and Napp compared each students scores in reading and maths,they found
15、 the greater a students advantage in reading,the less likely they were to plan a career in maths,even when their maths score was also high.Notably,this was true for both boys and girls. It makes a lot of sense, says Sarah Cattan,of the Institute for Fiscal Studies.It shows that what matters most whe
16、n boys and girls choose their field of study is not how good they are in maths or in reading,but how good they are in maths relative to reading.4. What do the data in Paragraph 2 show？ _ A. The average gender difference in maths performance is small.B. Those who are good at maths are also good at ph
17、ysics.C. Physics tends to be easier for girls than maths.D. Girls are not better than boys at maths.5. According to Breda and Napp,who is most likely to plan a career in maths？ _ A. Tom whose maths is worse than reading.B. Lisa whose maths is better than reading.C. Lily whose reading is better than
18、maths.D. Jack whose reading is as good as maths.6. According to Sarah Cattan,what do students value much when making further study choices？ _ A. Their comparative strength instead of absolute ability.B. Their gender advantages in a specific academic field.C. Their future job landing possibility in a
19、n industry.D. Their particular interest in a certain subject.7. What is the best title for the text？ _ A. Why are we drawn to STEM careers？B. Are boys worse at reading and writing？C. Why are girls bad at maths-related subjects？D. Are good readers more likely to give up maths？CIts hard for doctors to
20、 do a thorough eye exam on small children.But a new smartphone app takes advantage of parents fondness for taking pictures of their children to look for signs that a child might be developing an eye disease. The app is the result of a fathers five-year quest to find a way to catch the earliest signs
21、 of eye diseases,and prevent loss of vision.Five years ago,doctors diagnosed（诊断）Noah Shaws retinoblastoma- a rare type of eye cancer-when he was 4 months old.To make the diagnosis,the doctors shined a light into Noahs eye,and got a pale reflection from the back of the eyeball,an indication that ther
22、e was something wrong there.Noahs father Bryan,a scientist,wondered if he could see that same pale reflection in pictures of his baby son.Sure enough,he saw the reflection,which doctors call white eye，in a picture taken right after Noah was born. Then Bryan decided to create an app that could scan p
23、hotos for signs of this reflection.Now,that app exists,called CRADLETo test the app,Bryan and his colleagues analyzed more than 50，000 pictures taken of 40 children.Half had no eye disease and half had.On average,the app detected white eye in pictures collected 1.3 years before diagnosis, says Bryan
24、. The app isnt perfect.It sometimes misses white eye when its there,and sometimes says its there when its not.That latter condition is a problem.Even though the so-called false positive occurs less than 1% of the time,thats not good enough.There are about 4 million children born in the USeach year.A
25、 1% false positive rate would mean tens of thousands of children showing up at the doctor unnecessarily. Still,Bryan is upbeatabout the promise of the app.This is exciting new technology,and this is how I think were going to go about screening for a number of diseases in the future, he says.8. What
26、inspired Bryan to create CRADLE？ _ A. His sons diagnosis.B. His family photos.C. His hobby of taking pictures.D. His working experience as a scientist.9. What do we know about white eye？ _ A. It is a sign of some eye diseases.B. It hardly causes serious loss of vision.C. It refers to the white part
27、of an eyeball.D. It occurs when no light is reflected from the eye.10. Why is a 1% false positive rate still a problem？ _ A. It may delay the treatment of a patient.B. It may badly affect the future of the app.C. It may raise serious doubts about doctors.D. It may cause a waste of medical resources.
28、11. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word upbeat in the last paragraph？ _ A. Curious.B. Cautious.C. Optimistic.D. Worried.DAutism Spectrum Disorder（ASD）（孤独症）is a disability that can cause serious social,communication and behavioral problems.There is often nothing about how peop
29、le with ASD look that makes them different from other people,but people with ASD may communicate,interact,behave,and learn in ways that are different from most other people.The learning,thinking,and problem-solving abilities of people with ASD can range from pretty good to extremely bad.Some people
30、with ASD need a lot of help in their daily lives；others need less. People with ASD often have problems with social,emotional,and communication skills.They might repeat certain behaviors and might not want change in their daily activities.Many people with ASD may also have difficulties learning,payin
31、g attention, or reacting to things.Signs of ASD begin during early childhood and probably last throughout a persons life. Diagnosing（诊断）ASD can be difficult since there is no medical test,like a blood test,to assess the disorders.Doctors look at the childs behavior and development to make a judgemen
32、t.ASD can sometimes be diagnosed at 18 months or younger.By age 2，an experienced doctor can be considered very reliable in diagnosing ASDHowever, many children may not see a doctor until much older. There is currently no cure for ASDHowever,research shows that early treatment services can improve a
33、childs development.Early treatment services help children from birth to 3 years old（36 months）learn important skills.Therefore,it is important to talk to your childs doctor as soon as possible if you think your child has ASD or other developmental problems. We do not know all of the causes of ASDHow
34、ever,most scientists agree that genes are one of the highest risk factors that can make a person more likely to develop ASD If you think your child might have ASD or you think there could be a problem with the way your child plays,learns,speaks,or acts,contact your childs doctor,and share your conce
35、rns.If youre not sure who to contact,call the Early Childhood Technical Assistance Center（ECTA）at 919-962-2001Or visit the ECTA website：https：/ectacenter.org.12. Which of the following behaviors may NOT belong to the children or adults with ASD？ _ A. Repeating actions over and over again.B. Having t
36、rouble expressing their needs.C. Avoiding eye contact and want to be alone.D. Being happy to make changes.13. What can we infer from the article？ _ A. The earlier an ASD kid is diagnosed,the better it is for his（her）treatment.B. Doctors simply have no way to diagnose an ASD kid at all.C. Doctors can
37、 diagnose ASD by blood testing.D. Doctors can diagnose ASD with the help of machines.14. Who is most likely to be an ASD patient of the following people？ _ A. Someone who prefers to talk a lot in daily life.B. Someone who has got an ASD brother.C. Someone who wants to hug you in public.D. Someone wh
38、o sings in a strange voice.15. Where is this article possibly from？ _ A. A guidebook for new parents.B. Education section of a newspaper.C. A students diary.D. A medical magazine.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Heres an imaginary question for you：would you rather leave your home country and never be allowed
39、to return,or never leave your home country ever again？ Its a difficult one! Lets consider the beauty of being at home and the thrill of travelling.I left my home country,Germany,when I was seven to move to England with my family.Now at the age of 21，Ive left my second home country,England,to work as
40、 an English language assistant in Switzerland. (1) New friends. I dont know about you,but I love getting to know new people.Moving abroad is the perfect opportunity to extend your friendship circle and make it global. (2) Theyll also be able to give you a new perspective on life as they share their
41、view of the world-which is likely to be very different from your own!Time to open your mind and see the world anew. (3) You may learn a language in the classroom environment and learn it well,but nothing compares to fully burying yourself into a foreign language,participating in real-life conversati
42、ons and picking up authentic slang and sayings from the locals. (4) Food,glorious food! The world has so much to offer when it comes to food,so make the most of this new cultural experience and let your stomach guide you.Why not try something completely new？Tingle those taste buds. (5) Perhaps you c
43、an surprise your friends back home with your new-found cooking skills when you see them next. AThe opportunity to master a new language. BThe advantage of mastering a new language. CIs it always an exciting experience moving abroad？ DEven better still,let the locals teach you how to make it. EYou al
44、so fully experience the culture tied to the language. FThese new friends will show you the most fun things to do in your new home. GWhat are the benefits of leaving the home country for a new adventure abroad？16. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G17. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G18. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF.
45、FG. G19. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G20. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Its BABY DAY at the Chartwell Riverpark seniors residence（住所）in Ottawa. Eulah Johnson,90，never(21) the twice-monthly event. Today,Johnson sits on a sofa and smiles at a baby sitting on the seat of her walker.
46、 After a few moments,the girl(22) to play with the dozen or so other small children(23) together with 20 of Johnsons fellow residents.As the(24) eat snacks and drink tea or coffee,their young guests crawl（爬行）around,draw in colouring books, bat balloons back and forth or sleep in the arms of delighte
47、d residents. Babies Who Volunteer,bringing these(25) together,is the inspired idea of Jessica Turner.During a（n）(26) with her baby daughter Amelia to a friends mother,who was living in a long-term-care center,people gathered around Amelia, wanting to play with her.She was most(27) by the response of
48、 her friends mother：she hadnt spoken in two years,but with Amelia in her lap,she began singing. Turner went home and immediately put out a(28) on a moms Facebook group： would anyone be interested in(29) seniors residences with their babies？One hundred Women quickly said yes.A year later,there are no
49、w 1，500 volunteers. Everyone benefits from intergenerational programmes. This playgroup is(30) for the mothers,too.Theyre giving something to the community,which provides a(31) of purpose and belonging.It can really(32) someone who is feeling alone. Local(33) is growing：the Childrens Hospital of Eas
50、tern Ontario Foundation,(34)， has donated $25，000With the help of charitable donations,Turner hopes to expand programming from baby visits to having school kids communicating with(35) pen friends,and seniors teaching kids how to bake.21. A. affordsB. selectsC. createsD. misses22. A. turns upB. skips
51、 offC. makes upD. shows off23. A. mixedB. replacedC. coveredD. compared24. A. guestsB. waitersC. seniorsD. kids25. A. predictionB. generationsC. evidenceD. organizations26. A. interviewB. argumentC. visitD. move27. A. surprisedB. embarrassedC. scaredD. disappointed28. A. signalB. storyC. callD. poli
52、cy29. A. setting upB. dropping byC. cleaning upD. taking over30. A. freeB. readyC. trueD. good31. A. listB. systemC. senseD. copy32. A. helpB. rewardC. findD. warn33. A. demandB. pressureC. economyD. interest34. A. at timesB. for exampleC. after allD. by chance35. A. awkwardB. hungryC. elderlyD. inn
53、ocent四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36. Dust storms on Mars arent all about dust-they are also full (1) water.A satellite orbiting Mars has taken the most (2) （detail）measurements yet of how these rare events trap water,which may help explain (3) happened to the water that used to be abundant on the Red Plan
54、et. In 2018，the largest recorded dust storm circled the entire Martian globe so thickly that it (4) （hide）the surface from the sun.The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter watched this storm from orbit.Just before sunset and just after sunrise on Mars,it examined the atmosphere (5) （determine）how the dust stor
55、m absorbed sunlight. By (6) （analyse）the data,scientists found that just before the storm,there were water-ice clouds in the atmosphere,but no water vapour（水蒸气）more than 40 kilometres above the surface.This changed a few days later (7) water vapour appeared at (8) （altitude）of 40 and 80 kilometres,s
56、eemingly replacing the water-ice clouds. This (9) （probable）occurs because the dust absorbs heat,warming up the atmosphere and making it circulate more strongly,which (10) （prevent）the formation of ice clouds.The dust storms puff up（使膨胀）the atmosphere,making it easier for gases including water vapou
57、r to escape into space,so this could help to explain how Mars became so dry.五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举行用英语讲中国故事比赛，请你给留学生Mike写一封电子邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：1比赛的时间和地点；2比赛的意义；3报名方式注意：1写作词数应为80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答Dear Mike,-Yours,Li Hua38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文The you
58、ng boy saw me,or rather,he saw the car and quickly ran up to me,eager to sell his bunches of bananas and bags of peanuts.Though he appeared to be about twelve,he seemed to have already known the bitterness of life.Bananas 300 naira（a unit of currency in Nigeria）Peanuts 200 naira. He said in a low vo
59、ice.I bargained him down to 200 totals for the fruit and nuts.When he agreed,I handed him a 500 naira bill.He didnt have change,so I told him not to worry.He said thanks and smiled a row of perfect teeth.When,two weeks later,I saw the boy again,I was more aware of my position in a society where its
60、not that uncommon to see a little boy who should be in school standing on the corner selling fruit in the burning sun.My parents had raised me to be aware of the advantage we had been afforded and the responsibility it brought to us.I pulled over and rolled down my window.He had a bunch of bananas a
61、nd a bag of peanuts ready.I waved them away.Whats up？ I asked him.II dont have money to buy books for school. I reached into my pocket and handed him two fresh 500 naira bills.Will this help？ I asked.He looked around nervously before taking the money.One thousand naira was a lot of money to someone
62、whose family probably made about 5，000 naira or less each year.Thank you,sir. he said.Thank you very much!When driving home,I wondered if my little friend actually used the money for schoolbooks.What if hes a cheat？And then I wondered why I did it.Did I do it to make myself feel better？Was I using h
63、im？注意：1续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答Later,I realized that I didnt know his name or the least bit about him,nor did I think to ask. -A silence fell as we looked at each other. -答案1.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】C【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据The brown Leadership Institute介绍部分，Through case studies, discussions and debates
64、, students examine complicated global issues and learn to come up with effective solutions.通过案例研究、讨论和辩论，学生们研究复杂的全球问题，并学会提出有效的解决方案。可知，参加与该项目的学生会研讨复杂的国际问题，结合选项，故选C。 （2）A.推理判断题。根据Students Today leaders Forever介绍部分，There are Two six-day sessions hosted on the campuses of Hamline University.在哈姆林大学的校园里有两个
65、为期六天的会议。可知，Students Today Leaders Forever这个项目的活动地址是在哈姆林大学，结合选项，故选A。 （3）C.细节理解题。根据Leadership in the Business World介绍部分，Rising high school seniors interested in exploring undergraduate business administration.对探索本科工商管理感兴趣的新兴高中毕业生；以及The two-week program is offered at both of Whartons campuses.沃顿商学院的两个校
66、区都提供为期两周的课程。结合选项，故选C。本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个旨在提升高中生领导力的夏令营活动。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。4.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题4】D【解析】（1）A细节理解题。由第二段中的In the UK in 2019， for example, 39% of 18-year-old girls who studied maths at A-level
67、 achieved an A or A*， compared to 42% of boys.（例如，在英国，2019年，学习A-level数学的18岁女孩中，39%获得A或A*，而男孩的这一比例为42%。）可知男女的数学成绩差异很小，男孩42%，女孩39%。故选A项。 （2）B推理判断题。由倒数第二段When Breda and Napp compared each students scores in reading and maths, they found the greater a students advantage in reading, the less likely they
68、were to plan a career in maths, even when their maths score was also high. Notably, this was true for both boys and girls.（当布雷达和纳普比较了每个学生的阅读和数学成绩时，他们发现学生在阅读方面的优势越大，他们就越不可能在数学方面规划职业生涯，即使他们的数学成绩也很高。值得注意的是，男孩和女孩都是如此。）可知在阅读方面优势越大的男孩和女孩越不可能在数学方面规划职业生涯，反之，阅读不好的男孩和女孩可能在数学方面规划职业生涯，可推断出如果丽莎的数学比阅读好，她可能在数学方面谋划
69、职业生涯。故选B项。 （3）A细节理解题。由最后一段It makes a lot of sense, says Sarah Cattan, of the Institute for Fiscal Studies. It shows that what matters most when boys and girls choose their field of study is not how good they are in maths or in reading, but how good they are in maths relative to reading.（这很有意义，财政研究所的
70、莎拉卡坦说它表明，当男孩和女孩选择他们的学习领域时，最重要的不是他们在数学或阅读方面有多好，而是他们在数学方面相对于阅读有多好。）可知学生在做进一步学习选择时最看重的是他们在数学方面相对于阅读的能力，而不是绝对能力。故选A项。 （4）D标题归纳题。文章讲的是男女在学习能力上的差异，与阅读能力有关，而不是与数学能力有关，学生在阅读方面的优势越大，他们就越不可能在数学方面规划职业生涯，即使他们的数学成绩也很高，所以 D项好的阅读者更愿意放弃数学吗？符合文意，最适合作文章标题。故选D项。这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究表明，男女在学习能力上的差异，与阅读能力有关，而不是与数学能力有关，学生在阅读方
71、面的优势越大，他们就越不可能在数学方面规划职业生涯，即使他们的数学成绩也很高。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。8.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】C【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第二段中的The app is the result of a fathers five-year quest to find a way to catch the earliest sign
72、s of eye diseases,and prevent loss of vision.Five years ago,doctors diagnosed（诊断）Noah Shaws retinoblastoma-a rare type of eye cancer-when he was4months old.这个应用程序是一位父亲五年来一直在寻找一种方法来发现眼病的早期征兆，并防止视力下降的结果。五年前，医生诊断诺亚肖的视网膜母细胞瘤-他4个月大时的一种罕见的眼癌。以及第三段中的Then Bryan decided to create an app that could scan photo
73、s for signs of this reflection.然后布赖恩决定创建一个应用程序，可以扫描照片，寻找这种反射的迹象。可知，Bryan的儿子被诊断出视网膜母细胞瘤。诊断过程给予了Bryan 灵感，使他决心开发一款能检测眼疾的应用程序。故选A. （2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段中的To make the diagnosis,the doctors shined a light into Noahs eye,and got a pale reflection from the back of the eyeball,an indication that there was somethi
74、ng wrong there.为了做出诊断，医生们用一盏灯照射诺亚的眼睛，从眼球后面反射出苍白的光，这表明那里出了什么问题。以及he saw the reflection, which doctors call white eye.可知，为了做出诊断，医生把一束光照到Noah的眼睛上，结果从他的眼球后部反射出白光，这个白光反射就叫做white eye ，这表明他的眼睛出了问题。由此可知，white eye是一些眼疾的症状。故选A. （3）D.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的That latter condition is a problem.以及A 1% false positive rate
75、would mean tens of thousands of children showing up at the doctor unnecessarily.可知，假阳性是指眼睛本身没有问题，但是CRADLE的检测表明有问题。这个错误率即使是百分之一。但是由于每年新生儿众多，百分之一的错误率也会导致成千上万儿童去看医生，这原本是没有必要的，故推知是一种医疗资源的浪费。故选D. （4）C.词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的This is exciting new technology, and this is how I think we re going to go about screching
76、 for a number of discases in the future 可知. Bryan对CRADLE这款应用程序的未来还是很乐观的。故选C.本文是说明文。文章介绍了一款可检测眼疾的应用程序。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。12.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】D【解析】（1）D细节理解题。根据文章第一段The learning, thinking, and p
77、roblem-solving abilities of people with ASD can range from pretty good to extremely bad. Some people with ASD need a lot of help in their daily lives； others need less.自闭症患者的学习、思考和解决问题的能力可以很好，也可以很差。有些ASD患者在日常生活中需要很多帮助，有些则不需要。第二段People with ASD often have problems with social, emotional, and communic
78、ation skills. They might repeat certain behaviors and might not want change in their daily activities. Many people with ASD may also have difficulties learning, paying attention, or reacting to things.自闭症患者通常在社交、情感和沟通技巧方面存在问题。他们可能会重复某些行为，并不想改变他们的日常活动。许多患有ASD的人也可能在学习、集中注意力或对事物做出反应方面有困难。可以看出ABC都属于患有AS
79、D的行为，故选D. （2）A推理判断题。根据文章第四段There is currently no cure for ASD. However, research shows that early treatment services can improve a childs development. Early treatment services help children from birth to 3 years old（36 months）learn important skills. Therefore, it is important to talk to your childs
80、doctor as soon as possible if you think your child has ASD or other developmental problems. 目前还没有治愈ASD的方法。然而，研究表明，早期治疗服务可以改善儿童的发展。早期治疗服务帮助从出生到3岁（36个月）的儿童学习重要的技能。因此，如果你认为你的孩子有ASD或其他发育问题，尽快和你孩子的医生谈谈是很重要的。由此可以推断，越早发现自闭症，越早接受治疗，效果越好，故选A. （3）B细节理解题。根据文章第五段We do not know all of the causes of ASD. However,
81、 most scientists agree that genes are one of the highest risk factors that can make a person more likely to develop ASD. 我们并不知道自闭症的所有病因。然而，大多数科学家一致认为，基因是使人更容易患自闭症的最高风险因素之一。由此可知有患自闭症兄弟的人更有可能患ASD，故选B。 （4）D推理判断题。文章主要介绍孤独症，也是自闭症，讲述患自闭症人的特点，治疗和控制的最佳时期，以及感染风险高的人等等。因此文章的主题就是和自闭症病人有关的，所以这篇文章最有可能来自医学杂志，故选D.本
82、文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍孤独症，也是自闭症，讲述患自闭症人的特点，治疗和控制的最佳时期，以及感染风险高的人等等。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。16.【答案】【小题1】G【小题2】F【小题3】A【小题4】E【小题5】D【解析】（1）G联系上文题。根据前文 Now at the age of21，Ive left my second home country,England,to work as an English l
83、anguage assistant in Switzerland.现在我21岁了，我离开了我的第二个祖国，英国，到瑞士做英语助理。可知，G离开祖国去国外探险有什么好处。符合语境，故选G （2）F推理判断题。根据前文 I dont know about you,but I love getting to know new people.Moving abroad is the perfect opportunity to extend your friendship circle and make it global.我不知道你的情况，但我喜欢了解新的人。出国旅行是扩展你的友谊圈并使之成为全球性
84、的绝佳机会。可知，F这些新朋友将向你展示在新家里最有趣的事情。符合语境，故选F （3）A推理判断题。根据后文 You may learn a language in the classroom environment and learn it well,but nothing compares to fully burying yourself into a foreign language,participating in real-life conversations and picking up authentic slang and sayings from the locals.你可
85、以在课堂环境中学习一门语言，并且学得很好，但没有什么能比得上把自己完全融入一门外语，参与现实生活中的对话，从当地人那里学到地道的俚语和俗语。可知，A掌握一门新语言的机会。符合语境，故选A （4）E细节理解题。根据前文You may learn a language in the classroom environment and learn it well,but nothing compares to fully burying yourself into a foreign language,participating in real-life conversations and pick
86、ing up authentic slang and sayings from the locals.你可以在课堂环境中学习一门语言，并且学得很好，但没有什么能比得上把自己完全融入一门外语，参与现实生活中的对话，从当地人那里学到地道的俚语和俗语。可知，E你还可以充分体验与语言相关的文化。符合语境，故选E （5）D联系上文题。根据前文 The world has so much to offer when it comes to food,so make the most of this new cultural experience and let your stomach guide you
87、.Why not try something completely new？当涉及到食物时，世界有那么多东西可以提供，所以充分利用这种新的文化体验，让你的胃引导你。为什么不尝试一些全新的东西呢？可知，D更好的是，让当地人教你怎么做。符合语境，故选D本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者移居国外的经历，比较了移居国外和居住在国内的不同关于七选五的做题步骤： 步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。 步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。 步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段
88、的主题句或主旨大意。 步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。 步骤五：区分相似项。21.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题4】C【小题5】B【小题6】C【小题7】A【小题8】C【小题9】B【小题10】D【小题11】C【小题12】A【小题13】D【小题14】B【小题15】C【解析】（1）-（5）DBACB （6）-（10）CACBD （11）-（15）CADBC （1）D . 考查动词及语境理解。A. affords承担得起； B. selects选择； C. creates创造； D. misses错过。句意： 90岁的尤拉约翰从不会错过这个每月两次的活动
89、。根据下文的Today, Johnson sits on a sofa and smiles at a baby sitting on the seat of her walker.可知，尤非常喜欢和孩子聚在一起，由此推测，她从来不会错过这个活动，故选D项。 （2）B . 考查动词短语及语境理解。A.turns up出现； B. skips off偷偷溜走； C. makes up组成，编造； D. shows off炫耀。句意：一段时间后，这个女孩偷偷溜走了，去和 10多个小孩以及20来个约翰逊家族的居民一起玩耍。根据下文的to play with the dozen or so other
90、 small children可知，这个女孩溜走了，故选B项。 （3）A . 考查动词及语境理解。A.mixed混合； B. replaced代替； C. covered覆盖； D. compared比较。句意：一段时间后，这个女孩偷偷溜走了，去和10多个小孩以及20来个约翰逊家族的居民一起玩耍。根据上文的other small children和下文的together with 20 of Johnsons fellow residents.可知，此处是指不同的人混合在一起，故选A项。 （4）C . 考查名词及语境理解。A. guests客人； B. waiters服务员； C.senior
91、s长辈； D. kids孩子。句意：当长者们吃小吃，喝茶或咖啡时，他们的小客人到处爬。根据下文的their young guests craw（爬行） around可知，此处用长辈符合语境， senior和young是反义词，故选C项。 （5）B . 考查名词及语境理解。A. predition预测； B. generations几代人； C. evidence证据； D. organizations组织。句意：把几代人在-起的Babies Who Volunteer是杰西卡特纳受到启发后的一个想法。根据上文的As the 4_ eat snacks and drink tea or coff
92、ee, their young guests craw（爬行） around可知，长辈和年轻人都聚在了一起，故此处用几代人符合语境，故选B项。 （6）C . 考查名词及语境理解。A. interview采访； B. argument争论； C. visit看望； D. move移动。句意：在和她的幼女Amelia去看望一个住在长期护理中心的朋友的妈妈时，人们都来到Amelia身边，想和她一玩。根据下文的who was living in a long-term-care center可知，此处是指杰西卡芾着幼女去看望朋友的妈妈，故选C项。 （7）A . 考查形容词及语境理解。A.surpris
93、ed吃惊的； B. embrassed尴尬的； C. scared害怕的； D. disappointed失望的。句意：她对朋友妈妈的反应感到吃惊，她两年没有说话了，但当Amelia坐在她膝盖上时，她开始唱歌。根据下文的she hadnt spoken in two years, but with Amelia in her lap, she began singing.可知，此处用吃惊的符合语境，故选A项。 （8）C . 考查名词及语境理解。 A. signal信号； B. story故事； C. call 呼喊； D. policy政策。句意：特纳回到家后，立即在一个妈妈的Facebook
94、群里发了一个呼喊：有谁有兴趣带着孩子顺便拜访老年人的住处？根据下文的Would anyone be interested in_ _12_ _seniors residences with their babies？可知，这是一个呼喊，故选C项。 （9）B. 考查动词短语及语境理解。 A. setting up设立； B. dropping by顺便拜访； C. cleaning up清理； D. taking over接管。句意：特纳回到家后，立即在一个妈妈的Facebook群里发了一个呼喊：有谁有兴趣带着孩子顺便拜访老年人的住处？根据上文的 During a（n）6 _with her b
95、aby daughter Amelia to a friends mother, who was living in a long-term- care center可知，此处用顺便拜访，符合语境，故选 B项。 （10）D . 考查形容词及语境理解。A. free自由的； B. ready准备好； C. true真实的； D. good好的。句意：这个活动对妈妈们也有好处。根据下文的Theyre giving something to the community, which provides a_ 11 _of purpose and belonging.可知，这个活动对妈妈们也有好处，故选
96、D项。 （11）C . 考查名词及语境理解。 A. list清单； B. system体系； C. sense感觉；D. copy副本。句意：她们在为社区做贡献，这提供了一种目标感和归属感。上文说她们在为社区做贡献，由此可知这项活动让她们有了一种目标感和归属感， a sense of 的感觉，故 C项。 （12）A . 考查动词及语境理解。A. help帮助； B. reward报答； C. find找到； D. war作战。句意：它真的可以帮助那些感到孤独的人。根据上文的Everyone benefits from intergenerational programmes.可知，这项活动真的
97、可以帮助那些感到孤独的人，故选A项。 （13）D . 考查名词及语境理解。A. demand要求； B.pressure压力； C. economy经济； D. interest关注。句意：当地的关注正在增长：例如，东安大略基金会儿童医院已经捐赠了2.5万元。根据下文的the Childrens Hospital of Eastern Ontario Foundation, _ 14 has donated 52，000.可知，这项活动也引起了当地的关注，一些单位为这项活动筹集资金，故选D项。 （14）B . 考查短语及语境理解。A. at times有时； B. for example例如；
98、 C. after all毕竟； D. by chance偶然。句意：当地的关注正在增长：例如，东安大略基金会儿童医院已经捐赠了2.5万美元。下文说东安大略基金会儿童医院已经捐赠了2.5万元，这是在举例，故选B项。 （15）C . 考查形容词及语境理解。A. awkward尴尬的； B. hungry饥饿的； C. elderly上了年纪的； D. innocent无辜的。句意：在慈善捐款的帮助下，特纳希望将项目从婴儿探访扩展到让学校的孩子与上了年纪的笔友交流，以及让年长者教他们如何烘焙。根据上文的and seniors teaching kids how to bake.以及结合举办这个活动
99、的初衷，都是让孩子们和老年人进行交流和互动。故选C项。这是一篇记叙文。主要讲了杰西卡特纳在一次偶然拜访中，获得了灵感，创建了把几代人聚在一起的 Babies Who Volunteer活动。看到每一个人都从这个计划中受益，特纳希望将项目所涉及的领域进行扩张。完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。它题材广泛，体裁多样。文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强，具有鲜明的时代感，包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等。而夹叙夹议型文章成为近几年完形填空变化的一个特点。36.【答案】【小题1】of【小题2】detailed【小题3】what【小题4】hid【小题5】t
100、o determine【小题6】analysing【小题7】when【小题8】altitudes【小题9】probably【小题10】prevents【解析】（1）of.考查介词。句意：火星上的沙尘暴不仅仅是灰尘，它们还充满了水。根据固定搭配be full of充满了，故填of. （2）detailed.考查形容词。句意：一颗环绕火星运行的卫星已经对这些罕见事件如何截留水进行了迄今为止最详细的测量，作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填detailed. （3）what.考查宾语从句。句意：这可能有助于解释这颗红色星球上曾经丰富的水发生了什么。在宾语从句中作主语，表示什么，故填what. （4）h
101、id.考查时态。句意：2018年，有记录以来最大的沙尘暴在整个火星上空盘旋，其厚度之大使其表面无法与太阳接触。根据时间状语in2018，可知用一般过去时态，故填hid. （5）to determine.考查不定式。句意：它检查了大气，以确定沙尘暴是如何吸收阳光的。作目的状语，所以用不定式，故填to determine. （6）analysing.考查动名词。句意：通过分析数据，科学家们发现，作介词的宾语，所以用动名词，故填analysing. （7）when.考查时间状语从句。句意：几天后，当水蒸气出现在40公里和80公里的高度时，情况发生了变化，似乎取代了水冰云。表示当的时候，引导时间状语从
102、句，故填when. （8）altitudes.考查名词的数。句意：几天后，当水蒸气出现在40公里和80公里的高度时，情况发生了变化，似乎取代了水冰云。后面给出两个海拔高度，所以用复数名词，故填altitudes. （9）probably.考查副词。句意：这可能是因为尘埃吸收热量，使大气升温，使其更强烈地循环，从而阻止了冰云的形成。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填probably. （10）prevents.考查主谓一致。句意：这可能是因为尘埃吸收热量，使大气升温，使其更强烈地循环，从而阻止了冰云的形成。主语which指代前面句子，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填prevents.本文是一篇说明文，介
103、绍了火星上的沙尘暴，不仅有沙尘，而且还有水的存在。本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。37.【答案】Dear Mike, Our school is going to hold a contest in the hall to tell Chinese stories in English, starting at 9 am next Friday, which Id like to
104、invite you to participate in. 【高分句型一】（比赛时间地点） As you know, we organize such activities every year, for they can boost our spoken English. （比赛的意义）Considering you are always a big fan of Chinese culture, I think you must be crazy about joining us, by which you can have a better understanding of Chines
105、e stories. 【高分句型二】If you are available, please register at the student council office before next Wednesday.（报名方式） Im eagerly awaiting your reply.（盼望） Yours, Li Hua【解析】高分句型一：Our school is going to hold a contest in the hall to tell Chinese stories in English, starting at 9 am next Friday, which Id l
106、ike to invite you to participate in. 译文：我们学校将于下周五上午9点在礼堂举行一场用英语讲中国故事的比赛，我想邀请你参加。 分析：这句话使用which引导非限制性定语从句。 高分句型二：Considering you are always a big fan of Chinese culture, I think you must be crazy about joining us, by which you can have a better understanding of Chinese stories. 译文：考虑到你一直是中国文化的忠实粉丝，我想
107、你一定很想加入我们，这样你就能更好地了解中国的故事了。 分析：这句话使用considering后面接宾语从句，by which引导非限制性定语从句。这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少38.【答案】Later, I reali
108、zed that I didnt know his name or the least bit about him, nor did I think to ask. Over the next six months, I was busy working in a news agency in northern Nigeria. Sometime after I returned, I went out for a drive. When I was about to pull over, the boy suddenly appeared by my window with a big sm
109、ile ready on his face, saying, Oh, gosh! Long time. 【高分句型一】Are you in school now？ I asked. He nodded. Thats good, I said.（在接下来的六个月，我在尼日利亚北部的一个新闻社工作。某次回家后，我开车出去转转。我正要靠边停车，这个男孩突然出现在我的车窗边，面带微笑。好久不见，你现在上学了吗我问。他点了点头。我说：那就好。） A silence fell as we looked at each other. And then I realized what he wanted. 【
110、高分句型二】Here, I held out a 500naira bill. Take this. He shook his head and stepped back as if hurt. Whats wrong？ I asked, and added, Its a gift. He shook his head again and brought his hand from behind his back. His face shone with sweat. He dropped a bunch of bananas and a bag of peanuts in the front
111、 seat before he said, Ive been waiting to give these to you. （然后我知道了他想要什么。于是，我拿出500奈拉纸币，拿着。他摇头，往后退了几步，好像受到了伤害。怎么了？我又问道，并说这是给你的礼物。他还是摇头，从背后伸出手。他满脸是汗，向我的副驾座位上扔了一束香蕉和一包坚果，然后说：我一直在等你，想把这些给你。）【解析】高分句型一：When I was about to pull over, the boy suddenly appeared by my window with a big smile ready on his fac
112、e, saying, Oh, gosh! Long time. 译文：当我正要停车时，那个男孩突然出现在我的窗前，脸上露出灿烂的笑容，说：哦，天哪！好久不见了。 分析：这句话使用when引导时间状语，saying是现在分词作状语。 高分句型二：And then I realized what he wanted. 译文：然后我意识到他想要什么。 分析：这句话使用what引导宾语从句。解题方法点拨（1）品读原文确定文章线索 每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生顺藤摸瓜（结尾） （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求 一般短文后面的注意都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到心中有数 （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路 根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容 （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句 在确定了思路和内容之后最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯