1、复习动词的时态()语法精讲一、一般过去时一般过去时基本用法1表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态，常和 a moment ago，half an hour ago，just now，yesterday，last week，in 2005，in those days，at that time 等表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：We soon became good friends.我们很快成了好朋友。Two years ago，she bought an expensive bike.两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的自行车。2表示过去时间内连续发生的几个动作。例如：At four oclock,Polly
2、left work and stepped out into the fog.在四点的时候，波利下班了，走进了浓雾中。3表示过去时间内经常或习惯性的动作或状态。例如：After lunch,we usually played on the playground.以往吃完午饭后，我们就在操场上玩耍。4一般过去时也可与 since 和 for 引导的时间状语连用。例如：Beijing had its hottest day yesterday since 1997.昨天北京经历了自 1997 年以来最热的一天。【注意】现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系，即对现在的影
3、响；而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某时发生，不表示和现在有关系。因此，句中有过去时间状语时，通常用一般过去时。试比较：I have lost my new bike.(未找到)I lost my new bike yesterday.(不清楚结果)He worked there for three years.(已不在)He has worked there for three years.(仍在)二、过去进行时过去进行时基本用法1表示过去某时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作，常与 then，at that time，at nine，from 7 to 9 yesterday morning，last
4、night 等时间状语连用。但不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，而是通过上下文来表示。Susan didnt want her parents to know what she was doing at that time.苏珊不想让她的父母知道她那时正在做什么。2表示按计划、安排，过去某时将发生的动作：They were leaving for London two days later.他们准备两天后动身去伦敦。3在叙述过去发生的故事时用来描绘故事发生的背景：One day we were driving on a highway when an accident happened.有一天当
5、我们行驶在高速公路上的时候，发生了一起事故。【注意】下列动词通常不能用于现在进行和过去进行时(1)感官动词：see，hear，smell，taste，feel。(2)表示感觉的动词或词组：hate，love，feel like，want，wish，prefer，refuse，forgive。(3)表示存在的动词：be，exist，remain，stay。(4)表示占有、从属的动词或词组：have，possess(具有)，own，contain，belong，consist of，form。(5)表示思考、理解的动词：understand，know，believe，think，doubt，for
6、get，remember。三、过去完成时过去完成时基本用法1表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”，常与 by，before，when，until 等引导的时间状语连用。例如：The young girl was very nervous because she hadnt flown before.这个小女孩以前从未坐过飞机，所以有点紧张。2还可表示过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去另一时间，还可能持续下去，常与 for，since 等词连用。例如：It was the fastest move of him that Id seen since 1
7、964.这是自从 1964 年以来我所见过的他最快的一次搬家。Tom flew home,but his father had already died.汤姆坐飞机赶回了家，但是他的父亲已经去世了。3hope，expect，suppose，think，want，wish 等动词的过去完成式表示过去未实现的愿望、计划或打算。例如：They had hoped to be able to arrive before ten.他们本来希望赶在十点之前到达的。(事实上当时并未到达)4过去完成时还用于状语从句的两个常用句型的主句中：hardly.when(刚就)和 no sooner.than(刚就)。
8、例如：Hardly had it grown dark when he realized it was too late to return home.天刚刚黑，他就意识到回家已经太晚了。【注意】其他用法1在 before，after 等引导的时间状语从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间先后，所以主句或从句可以用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。例如：She and her friends hid here for two hours before they were discovered.在她们被发现之前，她和她的朋友们在这里藏了 2 个小时。2在 when 引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词的动作
9、发生后，主句谓语动词的动作紧接着发生，这时两者均用一般过去时。例如：When he heard these words，Jim ran out.当他听到这些话，吉姆跑了出去。新思维随堂自测.用所给动词的适当形式填空1Years ago you _(offer)to give me some useful advice about learning.2They _(want)to help but couldnt get here in time.3He told me that he _(know)her since he was a child.4The schoolboy _(fall)o
10、ff his bike yesterday.5Were you surprised by the ending of the film?No，I _(read)the book，so I already knew the story.offeredhad wantedhad knownfellhad read6He _(play)while I was studying.7That was the most foolish thing I _ ever _(do)8That was the last time I _(play)with her.9It has been three years
11、 since we _(become)good friends.10I would rather he _(tell)me how to learn English well tomorrow.was playinghaddonehad playedbecametold.单句改错1Yesterday I met Tom.We havent seen for years._2She is sending text messages just now，so she didnt see me._3I had gone to London before._4Jane is here，but I did
12、nt hear she has come until this morning._5During my stay in Beijing，I had visited all the places of interest._haventhadntiswasgonebeenhas comewas coming 或 haswould去掉 had6In the past，I have met a lot of difficulty._7He told me in the past two years he gained a lot._8Its time we go shopping._9He said he left.Would you like to see him off this afternoon?_10They finished the work by the end of last week._去掉 havegained 前面加 hadgowentleftwas leavingfinished 前面加 had
