1、河南省郑州市2021届高三英语第一次质量检测试题（含解析）本试卷分四部分，考试时间120分钟，满分150分（听力成绩算作参考分）考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答 无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将 试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的 时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What is
2、the woman talking about?A. A place to live. B. A place to park. C. A place to visit.2. Where are the flowers now?A. In the sitting room. B. In the bedroom. C. In the kitchen.3. When can the woman fetch her computer?A. This Friday. B. Next Monday. C. Next Tuesday.4. Where does the conversation probab
3、ly take place?A. At a school. B. At a hospital. C. At a restaurant.5. What is the man going to do in France?A. Study art. B. Travel around. C. Meet customers.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、 B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白 前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白
4、读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What did the woman ask to do at first?A. Try the gloves. B. Change the gloves. C. Return the gloves.7. How much will the woman pay to get the gloves she likes?A. $5. B. $15. C. $20.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What happened to Mr. Yang?A. He won the marathonB. He lost weight successfully
5、.C. He became a professional runner.9. How many hours does Mr. Yang train every week?A. About 10 hours. B. About 12 hours. C. About 14 hours.10. Which sport does Mr. Yang think is cheap and relaxing?A Cycling. B. Boxing. C. Swimming.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the possible relationship between the
6、two speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Reporter and actress. C. Director and actress.12. What does the woman do in the play?A. Writes the play. B. Acts a young lady. C. Directs the play.13. What does the woman want to be after this play?A. A director. B. A singer. C. A film star.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. W
7、hat is the course tutor in charge of about the paper?A. The process. B. The topic. C. The research methods.15. What should the girl start her paper with?A. The plan. B. The research. C. The book list.16. When should the paper be handed in?A. Mid-January. B. Early March. C. Late May.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
8、。17. What kind of novel by James Harman is a bestseller?A. Hons. B. Love. C. History.18. How do most people know Anna Collins?A. From a movie, B. From a novel. C. From a report.19. Whose ten books achieved large sales?A. Anna Collinss. B. Sylvia Danielss. C. Ian Cheritons.20. What can be known about
9、 Sylvia Daniels?A. She used to work in a restaurant.B. She has got a best actress award.C. She seldom comes back to Tanbridge.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题; 每小題2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWe have a wide variety of small group training programs. Check out what we offer belo
10、w.Reformer Pilates （普拉提）Description: Reformer Pilates will improve your balance and stability. You are guaranteed a challenging full-body workout. We will get your heart rate up through exercises that have a low effect on your joints. Reformer Pilates is for everyone.Session: Tuesday 4： 15 p. m. / T
11、hursday 1： 30 p. m. / Friday 5： 30 p. m.All classes are 45 minutes in our Mind Body Studio.Price： $130 （6 weeks）Self DefenseDescription: This is a women-only program that covers the basics of self- defense . Self-defense classes can offer exercise benefits such as muscle finning and strengthening, a
12、nd improved balance and coordination (协调).Such classes also help you improve your physical condition in every part of your body, your mental approach to health and fitness and your chances of escaping from an attack.Session: Monday 6 - 30 p.m.-8：30 p. m.Price； $79 (4 weeks)BoxfitDescription: Boxfit
13、is a fitness class that uses the training principles from a number of martial arts disciplines. Punching bag (沙袋)exercises and focused pad work create a time effective and dynamic workout. No body contact, perfect for both males and females of all fitness levels.Session: Monday, Wednesday and Friday
14、 6-45 a. m.-7：45 a. m.Price： $140 (8 weeks)Womens FitnessDescription: We are here to provide you with a unique 4-week program to help refresh your energy and encourage a deeper understanding for setting and achieving health and fitness goals. Different from other fitness programs, this program is gi
15、ven online.Session: Monday and Wednesday l：00 p. m. -2:00 p. m.Price： $125 (4 weeks)1. What is the benefit of Reformer Pilates?A. It trains people to lose weight.B. It improves peoples mental health.C. It helps people with heart problems.D. It develops peoples balance and stability.2. Which program
16、will suit Lily if she wants to protect herself from an attack?A. Boxfit.B. Self Defense.C. Reformer Pilates.D. Womens Fitness.3. What is special about Womens Fitness?A. The training principle it uses.B. The workout it creates.C. The health and fitness goals it sets.D. The way the class is given.【答案】
17、1. D 2. B 3. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了可提供的四种小组培训项目以及其价格和时间安排。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Reformer Pilates 下的Description中“Reformer Pilates will improve your balance and stability. （改良普拉提将改善你的平衡和稳定性。）”可知，普拉提可以人的改善平衡和稳定性。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Self Defense下的Description中“Such classes also help you improve your physical co
18、ndition in every part of your body, your mental approach to health and fitness and your chances of escaping from an attack.（这样的课程也可以帮助你改善你身体各个部位的身体状况，你的健康和健身的心理途径，以及你逃离攻击的机会。）”可知，想要逃离攻击可以选择自卫培训项目。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Womens Fitness下的Description中“Different from other fitness programs, this program is
19、 given online.（与其他健身项目不同的是，这个项目是在线提供的。）”可知，Womens Fitness与其他健身项目不同的在于其提供方式的不同。故选D项。BI like to believe that some things in life never change. A constant, ever since I could hold a pen, has been the routine at lunch with my grandfather. My grandmother will ask me how the walk was from my parents house
20、 before I take a seat at their kitchen table.Sitting in his usual spot in the corner is my grandfather. He looks up for a quick “hello” before heading back down to the crossword puzzle in front of him.“So, how is this one coming along?” Ill ask. With a failed laugh, hell slide the crossword toward m
21、e. Carefully cut and neatly folded from his newspaper, three-quarters of it will already have been finished. Many of the clues（线索）are far too advanced for me to figure out. However, Im happy to help with the strange clue related to sports -my expert knowledge - that still remain.Even if Im certain o
22、f an answer, I fill in the squares with a pencil, as clues are always checked thoroughly by my grandfather. In the rare event that were unable to finish the crossword by the end of lunch, hell call me later that evening to go over the clues he later solved.Today, lunch unfolds in its usual manner. H
23、owever, large parts of the puzzle are blanks “Grandfather, I think this is 49-down. and this, 52-across,” I say.“Oh, right. Yes, put that down there,” he replies.I reach across the table to hand him the crossword. Looking at him as he searches for answers, suddenly I feel something different. I note
24、 his hair is whiter than I remembered. For the first time I think about my grandfather as, well, a grandfather.But life is about changes we arent always prepared for. Just as we are on different ends of life we find ourselves on different ends of the city now too. But at lunch, when we take up our p
25、ens and open the crossword, the world stands pleasantly still. Now, instead of an exercise of quick wit（机智）, our crosswords are about patience and understanding. As clues are slowly understood, so are the truths in life.4. What is the grandfather usually doing when the author visits him?A. He is pre
26、paring lunch happily as a routine.B. He is sitting in the comer working at riddles.C. He is concentrating all his efforts on the crossword.D. He is cutting crossword puzzles from newspapers carefully.5. The phrase “go over” in Paragraph 4 probably means “ ”.A. repeatB. switchC. discoverD. provide6.
27、Which of the following words can best describe the grandfather?A. Quiet and optimistic.B. Humorous and helpful.C. Enthusiastic and careful.D. Independent and funny.7. What does the author think of the crosswords now?A. They bring his grandparents closer to him.B. They improve his intelligence and pa
28、tience.C. They encourage him to solve problems in life.D. They help him to understand the truths of life.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者从小就和爷爷一起填字谜，爷爷很认真。现在爷爷老了，没有以前填得快了，作者也长大了，不常和爷爷一起填字谜。但他们在一起填字谜的时光还是很美好。这段经历让给作者明白了生活无时无刻都在改变。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Sitting in his usual spot in the corner is my g
29、randfather. He looks up for a quick hello before heading back down to the crossword puzzle in front of him.”（我的祖父习惯性地坐在角落里的位置。他抬起头快速地说了句“hello”，然后回到他面前的填字游戏）可知，作者去看望祖父时，他通常都集中精力在填字游戏上。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段的“In the rare event that were unable to finish the crossword by the end of lunch, hell call me
30、later that evening to go over the clues he later solved.”可知，在极少数的情况下，我们无法在午餐结束前完成填字游戏，他会在那天晚上给我打电话go over他后来解决的线索。根据句意，祖父后来找到了解决填字游戏的方法，由此推知，祖父打电话给作者是给他复述自己的方法，即划线部分意为“复述”，与repeat同义。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Sitting in his usual spot in the corner is my grandfather. He looks up for a quick hello before
31、 heading back down to the crossword puzzle in front of him.”（我的祖父习惯性地坐在角落里的位置。他抬起头快速地说了句“hello”，然后回到他面前的填字游戏）和第四段的“In the rare event that were unable to finish the crossword by the end of lunch, hell call me later that evening to go over the clues he later solved.”（在极少数的情况下，我们无法在午餐结束前完成填字游戏，他会在那天晚上给
32、我打电话复述他后来解决的线索。）可知，作者的祖父花了很多时间在填字游戏上，并且仔细思考之前没有被解出的难题，而且一想到了就会立刻告知作者，由此推知祖父是一个充满热情，仔细的人；第三段的“Carefully cut and neatly folded from his newspaper, three- quarters of it will already have been finished.”（他把报纸小心地剪下来，叠的整整齐齐，其中的四分之三已经做好了）也反映出祖父很细心。综上，作者的祖父是一个热情且细心的人。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“I like to belie
33、ve that some things in life never change.”（我认为生活中的事情是永远都不会变的）和最后一段的“But life is about changes we arent always prepared for.”（生活总是在不经意间发生变化）以及“But at lunch, when we take up our pens and open the crossword, the world stands pleasantly still. Now，instead of an exercise of quick wit （机智）,our crosswords
34、are about patience and understanding. As clues are slowly understood, so are the truths in life.”（但午饭时刻，当我们拿起笔打开填字游戏时，整个世界安静得令人愉快。现在，我们的填字游戏是关于耐心和理解，而不是练习快速的机智。正如线索慢慢被理解，生活的真理也是如此。）可知，现在作者认为填字游戏让自己明白了生活的真理，即生活从来都是改变的。故选D。CLouise Gluck has been no stranger to awards over her long poetry career since
35、her first publication in 1968. In 1993, she won the Pulitzer Prize for her collection of poems, The Wild Iris （野鸢尾）.And on October 8 , 2020, she became the 16th woman to win the Nobel prize in literature with the Nobel prizes first awarded in 190hGluck was honored for “ her unmistakable poetic voice
36、 that, with simple and plain beauty, makes individual existence universal”. Often said to be an autobiographical poet, drawing from the inner parts of her life, “ she is not to be regarded as a confessional （自白的）poet. Gluck seeks the universal, ” Nobel Committee Chair Anders Olsson said in a stateme
37、nt.Gluck, 77, the author of 12 poetry collections, has been able to turn her life experiences into universal themes covering life, loss, and loneliness. Because of this, readers have often found her poetry to be “dark”. However, there is much more than darkness in her voice, as noted by Olsson. It i
38、s frank and also a voice full of humor and biting wit,” he said.For example, in her poem Snowdrops, she uses the coming of spring after winter to show rebirth of life after death. She leads readers down a depressing path only to reconnect with the light at the near end. At the conclusion of the poem
39、, readers are left to feel the raw wind of the new world as they watch a new spring. This is often the case in Glucks poetry, being able to feel joy even after not having done so for a long time.Although shes ready a well-known writer, Gluck did feel honored to be given the famous Nobel award. Howev
40、er, when asked what the prize meant to her, the lyric poet replied, “Its too new. I dont know really what it means. ” Her only hope is that she can preserve her daily life.8. What can we know about Louise Gluck?A. Her first book was published in 1993.B. Her writing is based on her life experiences.C
41、. She is seen as a successful confessional poet.D. The Wild Iris won her the Nobel prize in literature.9. What does Olsson think of Glucks poems?A. They are too dark for readers.B. They focus on individual existence.C. They are honest and humorous in style.D. They are mainly about human psychology.1
42、0. Why does the author mention Snowdrops in Paragraph 4?A. To show the characteristics of Glucks poetry.B. To introduce the main characters of this poem.C. To explain Glucks purpose in writing this poem.D. To describe Glucks creativity in choosing themes.11. How does Gluck feel about winning the Nob
43、el prize in literature? A. She feels it makes much sense to her.B. She feels happy but remains peaceful.C he feels too excited to catch its real meaning.D. he feels it helps to preserve her daily routine.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔文学奖获得者Louise Gluck的生平和作品集。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Glu
44、ck, 77, the author of 12 poetry collections, has been able to turn her life experiences into universal themes covering life, loss, and loneliness.”（77岁的Gluck写了12本诗集，她将自己的人生经历写成了涵盖生命、失落和孤独的主题。）可知，Louise Gluck的写作是以她的生活经历为基础的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“However, there is much more than darkness in her voic
45、e, as noted by Olsson. It is frank and also a voice full of humor and biting wit,” he said.”（然而，正如Olsson所指出的那样，她的声音中不仅仅是黑暗。他说:“这是一个坦率的、充满幽默和尖刻智慧的声音。”）可推知，Olsson认为Gluck的诗的风格坦率幽默。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Because of this, readers have often found her poetry to be “dark”. However, there is much more tha
46、n darkness in her voice, as noted by Olsson. It is frank and also a voice full of humor and biting wit,” he said.”（正因为如此，读者们经常发现她的诗歌是“黑暗的”。然而，正如Olsson所指出的那样，她的声音中不仅仅是黑暗。他说:“这是一个坦率的、充满幽默和尖刻智慧的声音。”）可推知，第四段通过举例Snowdrops这个作品来展现第三段解说的她诗歌的风格特点。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Gluck did feel honored to be given t
47、he famous Nobel award. ”（Gluck确实感到很荣幸被授予著名的诺贝尔奖。）和“However, when asked what the prize meant to her, the lyric poet replied, “Its too new. I dont know really what it means. ” Her only hope is that she can preserve her daily life.”（然而，当被问及这个奖对她有什么意义时，这位抒情诗人回答说:“这个奖太新了。我真的不知道这意味着什么。”她唯一的希望就是能维持她的日常生活。）
48、可推知，这个诺贝尔文学奖给Gluck的感想是她感到高兴，但仍保持平静。故选B。DWhen making choices, people assume that they pick what they like. However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we dont choose. And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.In an
49、 experiment, US researchers brought several 10-to 20-month-old babies into a lab and gave them two same bright and colorful soft blocks to play with. They set each block far apart, so the babies had to crawl (爬) to one or the othera random choice. After the baby chose one of the toys, the researcher
50、s took it away and came back with a new option. The babies could then pick either the toy they didnt play with before, or a brand new toy.It turned out that the babies reliably chose to play with the new toy rather than the one they had not chosen.In follow-up experiments, when researchers instead h
51、elped choose which toy the baby would play with, the phenomenon disappeared. “As if they were saying, Hmm, I didnt choose that object last time, because I guess I didnt like it very much” said Lisa Feigenson, co-author of the study.This is a very important phenomenon in life, Feigenson noted. Adults
52、 will less like the thing they didnt choose, even if they had no real preference in the first place. It looks like babies do just the same.It shows that the act of making choices changes how we feel about our options. The random choices might become our preferences. “They are really not choosing bas
53、ed on whether they are novel or what they prefer,” said Alex Silver, co-author of the study.This new finding explains why adults build unconscious preference when they make choices between the same things. Justifying (证明有道理) choice is somehow fundamental to the human experience. “I chose this, so I
54、must like it. I didnt choose this other thing, so it can not be so good. Adults make these inferences unconsciously,” Feigenson said.Such tendency makes sense to us as we live in a consumer culture and must make so many choices every day, between everything from toothpaste brands to styles of jeans.
55、Next, researchers will look at whether too many choices could be a problem for babies as they certainly are for adults.12. What is the purpose of the experiments?A. To test whether people choose what they like.B. To see why babies prefer new toys to old ones.C. To explain how babies and adults make
56、choices differently.D. To study if too many choices could create problems for people.13. What can be learned from the experiments?A. Babies prefer bright and colorful toys.B. Babies preference largely affects their choices.C. Babies prefer adults to help them make choices .D. Babies previous random
57、choices affect their preference.14. Why is the new finding important in life?A. It entirely changes our attitude to our choices.B. It helps us make wise decisions in a consumer culture.C. It promotes the relationship between adults and babies.D. It helps us understand our unconscious preference for
58、choices.15 What can be the best tide for the text?A. Babies like what they chooseB. Random choices matterC. Too many choices puzzle the adultsD. Preference affects the choice【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新发现，随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“
59、However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we dont choose.”（然而，研究表明，我们喜欢某样东西是因为我们选择了它。换句话说，我们不喜欢我们没有选择的东西。）可知，研究表明的是我们的喜好和我们的选择之间的关系，这也是本文要讨论的话题，由此可推断出，下文实验也是围绕这一话题进行的，目的是为了测试人们是否选择他们喜欢的东西。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段内容“This is
60、a very important phenomenon in life, Feigenson noted. Adults will less like the thing they didnt choose, even if they had no real preference in the first place. It looks like babies do just the same.”（Feigenson指出，这是生活中非常重要的现象。成年人不会喜欢他们没有选择的东西，即使他们一开始没有真正的偏好。看起来婴儿也一样。）和第六段关键句“It shows that the act of
61、 making choices changes how we feel about our options. The random choices might become our preferences.”（它表明做出选择的行为改变了我们对自己选择的感觉。随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好。）可知，实验表明随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，由此可知，婴儿先前的随机选择会影响他们的偏好。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段关键句“This new finding explains why adults build unconscious preference when they make ch
62、oices between the same things.”（这项新发现解释了为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。）可知，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好，由此可知，这项新发现在生活中是重要的，是因为它帮助我们理解了我们对选择无意识的偏好。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。浏览文章，结合第一段关键句“However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike thi
63、ngs we dont choose. And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.”（然而，研究表明，我们喜欢某样东西是因为我们选择了它。换句话说，我们不喜欢我们没有选择的东西。这种现象在我们还是婴儿的时候就已经存在了。）结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项新发现，随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。“Random choices matter”意为“随机选择很重要”，符合文章主题，最适合作文章标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内
64、容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Giving generously and receiving gratefully make it easier to live happily with others. _16_Let me start with the idea of giving generously. _17_ For example, my husband and I have family members who only contact us when they need money. We usually acce
65、pt their requests, but we rarely receive a “ thank you ”. Most people would say that my husband and I are being used, and I suppose we are. But when we give, we shouldnt be giving for the purpose of getting gratitude or praise. _18_The good news is that when we lead our lives being nice to others, o
66、ur lives run more smoothly. If youre generous, yes, some people will use you. But if you practice being generous, most of your relationships will improve._19_ I truly believe that you cannot say thank you enough when you receive. So often we get lazy about expressing gratitude. Parents can feel unap
67、preciated by their children, and teachers can feel unappreciated by their students. Do you think it unnecessary to thank them when receiving just because a task is part of someones job description? Thats wrong!Words of appreciation make others feel good about themselves like nothing else. Its good f
68、or us to say thank you because we regularly need to remind ourselves of how lucky we are. _20_If you are looking for a way to improve your life, I can give you one： Give generously and receive gratefully.A. Thus saying thank you” can bring us good luck.B. Rather, we should be giving because its a go
69、od thing.C. And hearing those two words can make us feel great for days.D. And at the same time, we should remember to receive gratefully.E. In return, we are to help others by giving them our time or money,F. I think people are unwilling to be generous to others for fear of being used.G. Yet, why d
70、o we have such difficulty achieving these things in our relationships?【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. D 20. C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要议论了在人际关系中很难做到慷慨地给予、心怀感激地接受的原因，也表达了作者对于慷慨给予、心怀感激接受做法的认可。【16题详解】上文“Giving generously and receiving gratefully make it easier to live happily with others.（慷慨地给予，心怀感激地接受，让我们更容易与他人幸福地生活
71、在一起。）”说明慷慨给予和心怀感激接受可以生活的更加幸福。根据文章第四段“So often we get lazy about expressing gratitude. （我们经常懒得去表达感激。）”可知，很多人却难以做到表达感激。G选项Yet, why do we have such difficulty achieving these things in our relationships?（然而，为什么我们在人际关系中很难做到这些呢?）符合文意，引出下文：人们为何难以做到慷慨给予和心怀感激的接受。故选G项。【17题详解】根据文章第一个空中所填“Yet, why do we have s
72、uch difficulty achieving these things in our relationships?（然而，为什么我们在人际关系中很难做到这些呢?）”可知，第二段讲述的主要是为何我们在人际关系中很难做到慷慨给予。下文“Most people would say that my husband and I are being used, and I suppose we are.（很多人会说我和我丈夫被利用了，我想确实是这样。）”说明大家不愿慷慨给予的原因在于感觉被利用。F选项I think people are unwilling to be generous to othe
73、rs for fear of being used.（我认为人们之所以不愿意慷慨解囊，是因为害怕被人利用。）与上下文意相符。being used是关键词。故选F项。【18题详解】根据上文“But when we give, we shouldnt be giving for the purpose of getting gratitude or praise. （但是当我们给予时，我们不应该为了得到感激或赞美而给予。）”可知，我们的给予不是为了感激和赞美，所以填空处应是对我们给予的原因进行解释。B选项Rather, we should be giving because its a good
74、thing.（相反，我们应该给予，因为这是一件好事。）讲明因为给予是一件好事，因此我们给予，符合文意。故选B项。【19题详解】下文“I truly believe that you cannot say thank you enough when you receive.（我真心相信，当你收到礼物的时候，再怎么说“谢谢”也不为过。）”说明我们要记得真心感激别人的给予。D选项And at the same time, we should remember to receive gratefully.（同时，我们也要记得感激地接受。）符合文意。thank you 呼应gratefully。故选D项
75、。【20题详解】根据上文“ Its good for us to say thank you because we regularly need to remind ourselves of how lucky we are.（对我们来说，说“谢谢”是件好事，因为我们需要经常提醒自己，我们是多么幸运。）”可知，“谢谢”这两个词可以使自己感到快乐。C选项And hearing those two words can make us feel great for days.（听到这两个词会让我们感觉好上好几天。）中those two words指的是上文中的“谢谢”，符合文意。故选C项。第三部分语
76、言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Many evolution coaches seem to agree that great things happen the minute we step outside of our comfort zone. For me, one of the most important things we should always remember is that growth and _21
77、_ cant coexist.Personal development expert Napoleon Hill once said, “Whatever the mind can believe, it can achieve _22_ how many times you may have _23_ in the past or how great your aims and hopes may be.” This statement is _24_ because it reminds us that were the only ones who can be _25_ for how
78、far well go. To reach any _26_, were usually required to _27_ the way we do things.However, stepping outside of our comfort zone is probably the most important step toward _28_ real changes. But persistence (坚持) and continuing to move forward are _29_ important, as its extremely easy to slide back i
79、nto old _30_without realizing it.For long, I wanted to live in Argentina, so halfway through my bachelors degree, I bought a one-way ticket there. While I was there, I was able to _31_ the last two years of my degree online before flying home for graduation. I still live in Argentina now, and I can
80、proudly say that taking the _32_ steps to make it a _33_ was one of the most important things I ever did. Certainly, Im not suggesting we should all buy one-way tickets to foreign countries and just see what _34_. But its important for us to _35_ what we want and try to bring our _36_to life.Living
81、in a comfort zone can trick us into _37_ we have enough time, when years can fly by without us having accomplished what we really wanted to. We wont _38_ have tomorrow to do what we could have done today. So, accept the discomfort and allow it to _39_ you to try new things. You never know what you c
82、ould be missing out on by remaining _40_.21. A. hopeB. safetyC. comfortD. happiness22. A. regardless ofB. in terms ofC. as a result ofD. in consideration of23. A. struggledB. succeededC. missedD. failed24. A. consistentB. powerfulC. plainD. challenging25. A. readyB. intendedC. suitableD. responsible
83、26. A. levelB. stateC. goalD. destination27. A. changeB. knowC. discoverD. follow28. A. comparingB. experiencingC. acceptingD. confirming29. A. equallyB. normallyC. slightlyD. potentially30. A. timesB. memoriesC. habitsD. concepts31. A. planB. valueC. completeD. require32. A. directB. effectiveC. qu
84、ickD. necessary33. A. motivationB. realityC. wonderD. possibility34. A. happensB. existsC. helpsD. matters35. A. recognizeB. createC. appreciateD. gain36. A. thoughtsB. chancesC. effortsD. dreams37. A. expectingB. admittingC. believingD. understanding38. A. eventuallyB. alwaysC. evenD. certainly39.
85、A. encourageB. teachC. guideD. remind40. A. modestB. self-confidentC. independentD. self-content【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己勇敢地走出舒适区，买了单程车票去了阿根廷，实现了自己想住在阿根廷的梦想。通过自己的经历呼吁人们走出舒适区，知道自己想要什
86、么并为之努力，会发现不一样的精彩人生。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我们应该永远记住的最重要的事情之一就是成长和舒适不能共存。A. hope希望；B. safety安全；C. comfort舒适；D. happiness幸福。根据上文“great things happen the minute we step outside of our comfort zone”可知，伟大的事情发生在我们走出舒适区的那一刻，由此可知，这里说的是只有走出舒适区，才会获得成长，也就是成长和舒适不能共存。故选C项。【22题详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：个人发展专家Napoleon Hill
87、曾经说过：“不管头脑能相信什么，它都能实现，不管你过去失败过多少次，也不管你的目标和希望有多大。”A. regardless of不管，不顾；B. in terms of就而言；C. as a result of由于；D. in consideration of考虑到。根据上文“Whatever the mind can believe, it can achieve”可知，只要头脑能相信的东西，它都能实现，由此可知，句中指的是不管你过去失败过多少次，只要你相信你想做的事，它就能实现，regardless of意为“不管，不顾”，符合语境。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：个人发
88、展专家Napoleon Hill曾经说过：“不管头脑能相信什么，它都能实现，不管你过去失败过多少次，也不管你的目标和希望有多大。”A. struggled挣扎，斗争；B. succeeded成功；C. missed错过；D. failed失败。上文说只要头脑能相信的东西，它都能实现，由此可知，句中指的是不管你过去“失败”过多少次，只要你相信你想做的事，它就能实现。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个说法是强有力的，因为它提醒我们，我们是唯一能对我们的未来负责的人。A. consistent一致的，持续的；B. powerful强有力的；C. plain坦诚的，朴素的；D. c
89、hallenging有挑战性的。根据后文“because it reminds us that were the only ones who can be _ for how far well go”可知，这个说法提醒我们，我们的未来如何取决于我们自己，由此可知，这个说法是“强有力的”，对我们来说是有警醒作用的。故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个说法是强有力的，因为它提醒我们，我们是唯一能对我们的未来负责的人。A. ready准备好的；B. intended有意的，为打算的；C. suitable合适的；D. responsible负责的。根据后文“how far well
90、 go”可知，我们的未来由我们自己“负责”，be responsible for意为“对负责”，符合句意。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了达到任何目标，我们通常需要改变我们做事的方式。A. level水平；B. state情形，状态；C. goal目标；D. destination目的地。上文主要讲述的是“不管头脑能相信什么，它都能实现。”这个说法，由此可知，这里讲述的是为了实现头脑中的想法，也就是为了达到“目标”，我们需要怎样做。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了达到任何目标，我们通常需要改变我们做事的方式。A. change改变；B. know知道；C
91、. discover发现；D. follow跟随。根据上文提到的“成长和舒适不能共存”可知，要想成长，就要走出舒适区，要想达成目标，就不能待在舒适区，而是要根据具体情况“改变”我们做事的方式。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，走出我们的舒适区可能是经历真正变化最重要的一步。A. comparing比较；B. experiencing体验，经历；C. accepting接受；D. confirming证实，证明。根据上文“stepping outside of our comfort zone”可知，走出我们的舒适区应该是“经历”真正变化最重要的一步，走出舒适区才开始经历变化
92、。故选B项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是坚持和继续前进同样重要，因为在不知不觉中很容易再次陷入旧习惯。A. equally平等地，同样地；B. normally正常地；C. slightly稍微；D. potentially潜在地。根据句中“But persistence (坚持) and continuing to move forward”可知，句中把“走出舒适区”和“坚持和继续前进”进行对比，说明两者“同样”重要。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是坚持和继续前进同样重要，因为在不知不觉中很容易再次陷入旧习惯。A. times时间，次；B. memories
93、记忆；C. habits习惯；D. concepts概念。根据上文可知，文章告诉我们要走出舒适区，同时要坚持和继续前进，由此可知，如果不坚持的话，我们可能会在不知不觉中再次回归舒适区，陷入之前的“习惯”。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在那里的时候，我能够在飞回家毕业之前在线上完成我的学位的最后两年。A. plan计划；B. value重视；C. complete完成；D. require需要，要求。根据上文“so halfway through my bachelors degree, I bought a one-way ticket there”可知，我在学士学位读到
94、一半的时候去了阿根廷，由此可知，我是在线上“完成”我的学位的最后两年。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我现在仍然住在阿根廷，我可以自豪地说，采取必要的步骤使之成为现实是我做过的最重要的事情之一。A. direct直接的；B. effective有效的；C. quick快的；D. necessary必要的。根据上文“stepping outside of our comfort zone is probably the most important step toward”可知，走出舒适区是经历真正变化最重要的一步，由此可知，采取一些步骤是“必要的”，这样才能真正走出舒适区，使
95、想做的事情成为现实。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在仍然住在阿根廷，我可以自豪地说，采取必要的步骤使之成为现实是我做过的最重要的事情之一。A. motivation动机；B. reality现实；C. wonder奇迹；D. possibility可能性。根据上文可知，走出舒适区的目的是让自己想做的事情成为现实，由此可知，句中指的是采取必要的步骤使在阿根廷生活的想法成为“现实”。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我并不是建议大家都买去外国的单程票，只是看看会发生什么。A. happens发生；B. exists存在；C. helps帮助；D. matt
96、ers有关系，要紧。根据后文“But its important for us to _ what we want and try to bring our _ to life.”可知，对我们来说，重要的是知道我们想要什么并努力实现，由此可知，作者并不是建议大家只是看看会“发生”什么，而是为了实现梦想而努力。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对我们来说，意识到我们想要什么并努力实现我们的梦想是很重要的。A. recognize认识，意识到；B. create创造；C. appreciate欣赏；D. gain获得。根据后文“what we want”可知，要想实现梦想，首先要“
97、意识到”我们想要什么，而不是盲目努力。故选A项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对我们来说，意识到我们想要什么并努力实现我们的梦想是很重要的。A. thoughts想法；B. chances机会；C. efforts努力；D. dreams梦想。根据上下文语境可知，在意识到我们想要什么后，接下来就是实现我们的“梦想”，bring dreams to life意为“将梦想变为现实”，符合语境。故选D项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活在一个舒适的环境中会欺骗我们，让我们相信我们有足够的时间，当岁月飞逝而我们却没有完成我们真正想要做的。A. expecting期待；B. admi
98、tting承认；C. believing相信；D. understanding理解。根据下文“when years can fly by”可知，人生时光过得很快，由此可知，上文说的是生活在一个舒适的环境中会欺骗我们，让我们“相信”我们有足够的时间，但事实并非如此。故选C项。【38题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们并不总是有明天可以去做我们今天能做的事。A. eventually最后，终于；B. always总是；C. even甚至；D. certainly当然，一定。上文提到“当岁月飞逝而我们却没有完成我们真正想要做的”，由此可知，如果有想做的事，要及时采取行动，时光飞逝，并不“总是”有明天
99、可以去做我们今天能做的事。故选B项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，接受这种不适，让它鼓励你尝试新事物。A. encourage鼓励；B. teach教；C. guide指导，引导；D. remind提醒。根据句中“accept the discomfort”可知，我们要接受这种不适，这种不适会“鼓励”你尝试新事物。故选A项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你永远不知道，保持自我满足会错过什么。A. modest谦虚的；B. self-confident自信的；C. independent独立的；D. self-content自满的。结合上文可知，作者呼吁我们走出舒适区，尝
100、试自己想要做的事，由此可知，句中指的是保持“自我满足”，一直待在舒适区里，会错过很多。故选D项。第二节（共10小题;毎小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式， 并將答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。Zhoukoudian is a small village lying about 50 kilometers to the southwest of Beijing City. In the 1920s, archaeologists(考古学家) discovered some prehistoric human bones there, _41_
101、changed peopled view of Chinas history. They came from _42_ unknown species of man, and were the first evidence of human life in China thousands of years ago. The remains were three teeth!In 1929, a complete skull (颅骨) _43_(dig) out. Eventually, archaeologists found almost 200 items, including 6 sku
102、lls and more than 150 teeth. These discoveries proved the _44_( exist) of a human species who lived in the area between 700,000 and 200,000 years ago. Four sites where Peking Man and their _45_ (relative) lived were discovered on the northern face of Longgushan.Zhoukoudian was listed _46_ a World He
103、ritage Site in December 1987. It has not only given us important information about prehistoric Asian societies, but also provided amazing evidence about the process of evolution. Today, parts of the caves have been _47_(bad) destroyed by rain. Some areas are almost completely covered in weeds, _48_
104、( cause) serious damage. Also, pollution from the nearby factories _49_ (contribute) to the problem. This is a very serious matter and the Chinese Academy of Sciences is trying _50_ ( raise) public awareness of it.【答案】41. which 42. an 43. was dug 44. existence 45. relatives 46. as 47. badly 48. caus
105、ing 49. contributes 50. to raise【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了周口店遗址的发现过程以及重要意义。周口店于1987年12月被列为世界文化遗产。它不仅给我们提供了关于史前亚洲社会的重要信息，也提供了关于进化过程的惊人证据。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：20世纪20年代，考古学家在那里发现了一些史前的人骨，这改变了人们对中国历史的看法。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词prehistoric human bones，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：它们来自
106、一个未知的人种，是几千年前中国人类生活的第一个证据。species为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且unknown是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。【43题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：1929年，一个完整的颅骨被挖了出来。根据上文In 1929可知应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为a complete skull，谓语动词用单数。故填was dug。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：这些发现证明了70万至20万年前在该地区生活过一个人类物种的存在。空处作宾语，表示“存在”应用名词existence，表抽象概念，不可数。故填existenc
107、e。【45题详解】考查名词的数。句意：龙鼓山北坡发现了四个北京人及其亲属居住的遗址。relative为可数名词，根据上文their可知应用复数。故填relatives。【46题详解】考查介词。句意：周口店于1987年12月被列为世界文化遗产。结合句意表示“被列为”可知短语为be listed as。故填as。【47题详解】考查副词。句意：今天，部分洞穴已被雨水严重破坏。修饰后文动词destroy应用副词badly，表示“严重”；bad作副词时表示“非常”，不符合语境。故填badly。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些地区几乎完全被杂草覆盖，造成严重破坏。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应
108、用非谓语动词形式，与上文整个句子构成主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填causing。【49题详解】考查动词时态。句意：此外，附近工厂的污染也加剧了这个问题。此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为pollution，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填contributes。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个非常严重的问题，中国科学院正在尽力提高公众对这一问题的认识。根据句意表示“尽力做某事”可知短语为try to do sth.。故填to raise。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，
109、请你修改你同桌写的以下 作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单 词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号( )，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。The other day our school had organized a traditional culture festival. Hearing the news, we were very exciting and decided to
110、 make Hanfu with old newspapers. First, we surfed the Internet for the Hanfus original culture and different style. With the information collected, we started to design their own style. After a couple of attempts, our design was finally created. Immediately, we got down work. We cut the newspapers,
111、stick the pieces together and even colored them. Finally, until our show time came, we walked the runway wear our elegant Hanfu and the audience cheered and applauded wildly. This activity gave us a strongly sense of achievement. More importantly, we gained pride or knowledge about our traditional c
112、ulture.【答案】1. 删除had 2. excitingexcited 3. stylestyles 4. theirour 5. 在down后加to 6. stickstuck 7. untilwhen 8. wearwearing 9. stronglystrong 10. orand【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者和同学用旧衣服制作汉服，并且穿着它，在学校组织的传统文化节上展示的过程。【详解】1.考查时态。句意：前几天，我们学校组织了一个传统文化节。根据文章时态以及句中的时间“The other day前几天”可知，该句陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故将had去
113、掉。2.考查过去分词。句意：听到这个消息，我们很兴奋并且决定用旧报纸制作汉服。主语为we, 应用过去分词excited作表语，形容人的感受。故将exciting改为excited。3.考查名词单复数。句意：首先，我们上网了解汉服的原始文化和不同风格。形容词different“不同的”修饰可数名词时，该可数名词应用复数形式。故将style改为styles.4.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：随着信息的收集，我们开始设计自己的风格。根据句意可知，此处应为“我们自己的”，表达为our own。故将their改为our。5.考查固定短语。句意：我们立即着手工作。根据固定短语“get down to sth
114、 着手某事”可知，在down后应加上to。故在down后加上to。6.考查时态。句意：我们剪下报纸，把碎片粘在一起，甚至给它们上色。we在句中做主语，由后文的逗号和并列词“and”可知，cut，stick和colored为并列谓语，时态应一致；文章时态为一般过去时，stick的过去式为stuck。故将stick改为stuck。7.考查时间状语从句。句意：最后，当我们的表演时间到了，我们穿着优雅的汉服走T台，观众们热烈地欢呼鼓掌。根据句意可知，此处用when“当.”引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故将until改为when。8.考查现在分词。句意：最后，当我们的表演时间到了，我们穿着优雅的汉服走T台
115、，观众们热烈地欢呼鼓掌。分析句子可知，walked为谓语,且句中无连词，故wear为非谓语，它与逻辑主语we为主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故将wear改为wearing。9.考查形容词。句意：这次活动给了我们强烈的成就感。修饰后面的名词sense，应用形容词“strong强烈的”。故将strongly改为strong。10.考查连词。句意：更重要的是，我们获得了关于我们传统文化的自豪感和知识。or表示“或者”，根据语境作者获得了自豪感和知识，表示并列，应用and。故将or改为and。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Eric最近发邮件询问你的职业规划（care
116、er planning），请用英语给他回复，内容包括：1.理想的职业及原因；2.职业规划。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。【答案】Dear Eric,There are various kinds of careers in the world. As for me, I have made up my mind to be a teacher.I want to be a teacher in the future, because I think teaching is the most glorious project
117、 in the world. Nothing is more important than education to a nation. Im honored to devote myself to education. Besides, I like communicating with students. It can help me to keep a young heart to stay with students. But teaching is not an easy job. I must study hard to obtain more knowledge. Whats m
118、ore, I will learn how to get on well with students. I think I will be a good teacher in the future. Yours, Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Eric写封邮件，告诉他你的职业规划。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时，少量现在完成时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍理想的职业及原因；2. 介绍职业规划。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）make up
119、ones mind to do; in the future; in the world; be honored to do; devote oneself to.; communicate with sb.; get on well with sb.第三步：连词成句1. As for me, I have made up my mind to be a teacher.2. I want to be a teacher in the future, because I think teaching is the most glorious project in the world.3. No
120、thing is more important than education to a nation.4. I must study hard to obtain more knowledge.5. I think I will be a good teacher in the future.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：whats more, besides2.表转折对比关系：but3.表因果关系：because连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1. I must study hard to obtain more knowledge. （不定式作目的状语）高分句型2. I think I will be a good teacher in the future. （由that引导的宾语从句作think的宾语，省略that）
