1、课时分层作业(十).单词拼写1As the saying goes “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of mans desire(渴望) to understand it.”2He put down the election procedure(程序) for astronauts on the blackboard.3It is known that Yang Liwei is a famous astronaut(宇航员) in China.4They had to do a lot of mental(精神的) and ph
2、ysical training before being sent into space.5He must be intelligent(聪明的) enough to be admitted into the key university.6Now the country has succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earths gravity(重力)7Unfortunately astronauts on Americas Challenger died during the launch(发射)8He was very disappo
3、inted(失望的) at the news that his parents cant see him off at the airport.9He reads English words every morning since he has been determined(下定决心的) to learn English well.10He has lived and learned independently(独立地) at abroad since he was 16 years old.阅读理解AIt was the 51th anniversary(周年) of the moon l
4、anding last year. Astronomy lovers were not the only ones that were excited about it; publishers also offered a number of books to mark the event.Shoot for the MoonJames DonovanLittle, Brown and Company, $30This retelling of the space race begins with the Soviet Unions Sputnik satellite in 1957 to t
5、he historic Apollo 11 program twelve years later. The book offers details about the characters of the spacemen, engineers and others who made the US. space program a success.One Giant LeapCharles FishmanSimon & Schuster, $29.99Getting to the moon required a million hours of work, this book says. Acc
6、ordingly, the story centers on the engineers，project managers and others who worked long and hard to get the Apollo program off the ground.Picturing Apollo 11JL.Pickering and John BisneyThe University Press of Florida, $45Packed with hundreds of photos (some are published for the first time), this b
7、ook reads like a photo book of the Apollo 11 program. The photos are moments of spacemen training, as well as the excitement of liftoff, the historic landing and the return of the three men.Apollos LegacyRoger DLauniusSmithsonian Books, $27.95A space historian examines the Apollo program in differen
8、t ways: as a political machine in the Cold War and an important cultural moment. The book explores different views on the US. moonshot project from scientists, politicians, the media and the public during the space race and beyond.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四本关于登陆月球的书籍。1What is Shoot for the Moon mainly abou
9、t?AThe history of the space race.BThe liftoff of two satellites.CThe cooperation of different countries.DHumans understanding of the moon.A细节理解题。根据Shoot for the Moon部分中的“This retelling of the space race begins with the Soviet Unions Sputnik satellite in 1957 to the historic Apollo 11 program twelve
10、years later.”可知，Shoot for the Moon主要是关于太空竞赛的历史。故选A项。2Whose book shows the Apollo 11 program through pictures?AJames Donovans.BCharles Fishmans.CJ. L. Pickering and John Bisneys.DRoger DLauniuss.C细节理解题。根据Picturing Apollo 11部分中的“Packed with hundreds of photos(some are published for the first time)，thi
11、s book reads like a photo book of the Apollo 11 program.”可知，J.L.皮克林和约翰比斯尼的书通过图片展示阿波罗计划。故选C项。3Which book talks about different views on the Apollo program?AShoot for the Moon.BOne Giant Leap.CPicturing Apollo 11.DApollos Legacy.D细节理解题。根据Apollos Legacy部分中的“A space historian examines the Apollo program
12、 in different ways”可知，Apollos Legacy从不同的角度解释阿波罗计划。故选D项。BA new study focuses on K218b, an exoplanet (系外行星) like the Earth discovered in 2015, orbiting a red dwarf star (矮星) close enough to receive about the same amount of radiation from its star as the Earth does from the sun.“Studies have suggested
13、that planets with hydrogenrich atmospheres (气体) could host certain forms of life，”Bjrn Benneke said, a professor at the Institute for Research on Exoplanets at Universit de Montral. However, a news release says，“K218bs large atmosphere is too thick and creates highpressure conditions, which likely p
14、revents life from existing on the planets surface. ” While these researchers found evidence for liquid water clouds on K218b because of its lack of surface，rain wouldnt pour on the planet. Without a real surface, landing on the planet would also be nearly impossible, especially because the gas is so
15、 thick and has such a high pressure that any Earthcreated spacecraft sent there would be devastatedThe research team analysed data from Hubble Space Telescope observations that they made between 2016 and 2017 of the K218b planet. It allows scientists to detect (探测) clear characters of water in a pla
16、nets atmosphere. This team plans to expand this research even further by studying K218b with NASAs James Webb Space Telescope, which is ready to launch in 2021. “This type of research，” Benneke said, “is leading towards a final goal of being able to study the Earthlike planet. ”“We are not quite the
17、re yet，” he said, “but this is really exciting. ”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于系外行星K218b的新发现。K218b这颗行星与地球类似，科学家最近发现它上面有水，但是否有生命存在还有待进一步证实。4What can we learn about K218b?AIt is a planet closest to the sun.BIt hosts certain forms of life because of thick gas.CIt is covered with a thin atmosphere.DIts a plan
18、et moving around a red dwarf star.D细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，K218b是围绕着红矮星运动的行星。5What does the underlined word “devastated” in Paragraph 2 mean?ADestroyed.BDeclared.CDetected.DDelivered.A词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，如果没有一个真实的表面，在K218b上着陆几乎是不可能的，因为K218b上的气体非常厚，压强非常大，任何地球制造的宇宙飞船发射到那里都会被毁灭。因此，画线词是“毁灭”的意思，destroy意为“毁掉”，故选A项。6Wh
19、at allows scientists to detect clear characters of water in a planets atmosphere?AThe expansion in the research.BThe goal of knowing the real planet.CThe data by the Hubble Space Telescope.DNASAs James Webb Space Telescope.C细节理解题。由题干定位至倒数第二段的第一、二句，其中的It指代前一句提到的哈勃太空望远镜，即哈勃太空望远镜能探测到行星大气层中水的清晰特征。7What
20、can be the best title for the text?AHumans Have Landed on K218bBNASA Helps Explore an ExoplanetCA New Finding About a Planet Like the EarthDScientists Determination of Researching Outer SpaceC标题判断题。文章主要介绍了科学家发现的一颗系外行星K218b，这颗行星与地球类似，科学家最近发现它上面有水，但是否有生命存在还有待证实。.阅读七选五Life on Mars: Is it really possibl
21、e?Now that Curiosity is beaming back Earthlike pictures of Martian landscapes, the old question raises its head：could man and woman ever go there? The answer is, very definitely yes. There are a number of practical challenges to overcome first, however. There are differences between Earth and Mars,
22、but also a number of similarities. 1 Phobos and DeimosUnlike Earth, Mars does not have a polar magnetic field. Scientists believe that the two Martian moons，Phobos and Deimos, are captured little planets. 2 3 For the annual IGEM or International Genetically Engineered Machines competition, students
23、around the world attempt to make living cells perform new tasks. In preparation for the human colonisation of Mars, seeds and organic matter would have to be transported from Earth to begin growing plants and establishing a food supply.Supersized BeesPlants need pollinators as well as water, and the
24、 best pollinator on Earth is the humble beeand entire hives would be transported to Mars. 4 However, without natural predators, they could grow very large, indeed.Overcoming ChallengesOpening PossibilitiesThere will be other challenges to overcome, for example, the effect on the human body of living
25、 in a field of lower gravity. 5 Right now, we ought to welcome the challenges. The more challenges we overcome now，the more prepared we will be for moving out of our solar system and into the grand, universal adventure that is ahead of us.AIGEMBThe next question is：could man colonise Mars?COnce ther
26、e, the insects would be let loose among the plants.DHowever, all kinds of other interesting things will be happening.EBut these are already issues for astronauts living on the International Space Station.FThey do not have the stabilising effect on the spin of the planet like the moon has upon Earth.
27、GMars has Earthlike seasons and the planet surface is abundant in minerals essential for plant growth.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。通过对比火星与地球上生物及环境的异同，论证了将来人类登上火星生活的可能性。1G上句中介绍地球与火星有不同但也有相似之处，下面应具体举例。G项表达了火星拥有与地球相似的季节和植物生长所必需的矿物质，因此答案为G。2F上文中提到科学家认为Phobos和Deimos是火星的月亮，但其实是两颗小行星，因此它们对火星的旋转没有月亮对地球一样的平衡作用。因此答案为F。3A第三段主要介绍了为了向火星上运输种子和有机物质，每年各地的学生都会参加IGEM比赛，由此可知本段的小标题应为A项。4C因为上文中提到为了把传粉者蜜蜂运到火星上，要把完整的蜂巢运过去，下面应介绍到达火星以后怎么做，因此答案为C。5E上面一句提到到火星后将面对重力较小的问题，这正好是国际空间站的宇航员们遇到过的问题，因此答案为E。