1、Unit 3 the Internet Period 3 Discovering Useful Structure导学案课前导读Learning objectives1. Let students master the form and meaning of the passive voice in the present perfect.2. Guide students to use the active voice and passive voice of the present perfect to construct meaningful texts.3. To review the
2、 basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice 4. To learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice Activity designThree activities are designed for this lesson. Activity 1 Let the students observe and compare the verb forms in the active voice and passive voice of
3、the two sentences, perceive the form differences of other subjects, deepen their understanding of the passive voice structure, and use tables to summarize and sort out. Activity 2 Change the active voice into the passive voice in the present perfect tense through sentence pattern transformation, so
4、that students can further understand the difference in the form of the two different voices. Activity 3 is the task of using language structure. Students are required to use the present passive voice to copy a poem. It is used to strengthen students understanding and mastery of the basic form, meani
5、ng and function of the present perfect passive voice.Key and difficult points1. To appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. To write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.Teaching processStep I Observe and UnderstandActivity 1.Observe the chara
6、cteristics of the following sentences and sum up their common characteristics.1Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web2But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient3Many people have been helped by the club4She no longer feels lonely, and h
7、er company has become quite successful5Today I thought Id blog about a question that has been asked many timeshow do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?Summary: Through observation, we can easily find their common features.：have/has been+done.通过以上例句我们可以得出结论：1 现在完成时的被动语态强调
8、一个发生在过去的动作，动作已发生并强调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。例如：The door has already_(lock).门早已经被锁上了。I have _(employ) at the job since 2015.自从2015年，我就做这份工作。2基本构成现在完成时的被动语态的结构为S+have/has been+done.Step II. Practice and ComparisonActivity 2.Change the sentences into passive voice1.The Internet has greatly improved Jan
9、s life.2. People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.3. They have built a kind of new PC with more functions.4. I have downloaded the software to help my phone last longer.1._2._3._4._From sentences above , we can know that the structure :Verb formPassiveActiveHave/has been don
10、ehave/has+v-ed Discussion :Think and guess other structures:肯定结构have/hasbeen done否定结构_一般疑问结构have/has主语been done特殊疑问结构_Step III The usage of Present Perfect Passive Voice1表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。I have been told the sports meet will be put off.我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。(结果：现在我已经知道运动会要被推迟)All th
11、e preparations for the task have been done，and were ready to start.这项任务的一切准备都已就绪，我们准备好要开始了。(影响：我们现已具备开始的条件)2表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与for时间段或since时间点等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已被修了两小时了。(持续：两小时前开始修，现在可能已经修好，也可能没有修好，还要继续修)She hasnt been hear
12、d from since then.从那时候起，她就没来过信。(持续：从那以后，一直没收到她的信，以后也可能收不到)3在状语从句中，常用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来时的被动语态。I will go home when my homework has been finished.当我完成家庭作业时我就回家。(将来某时处于被完成的状态)Pay attention to special situations 1现在完成时的被动语态中has/have been不可漏掉。The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.这个计划已经由专家研
13、究三次了。The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服已经被洗好了。2现在完成时的被动语态强调过去发生的事与现在有联系；而一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作只与过去有关，与现在没有关系。The library has been built.这座图书馆已经建好了。(图书馆可以用了)The library was built last year.这座图书馆是去年建成的。(图书馆现在是否能用是未知的)3含有非延续性动词，如begin，start，buy，borrow，finish等的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。这些动词的现在完成时的被动语态
14、的否定式则可以与for或since构成的时间状语连用。The work has been finished for two days.()This book has not been borrowed since last week.()4动词短语用于现在完成时的被动语态时，动词后面的副词或介词不可漏掉或省略。The injured bird has been looked after since it was saved.(after不可漏掉)受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。5.并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如happen, occur, take place, break out, belo
15、ng to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组, 就没有被动语态。试比较: Some of the best conversations have ever been happened around the dinner table. (X)Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table. ()Step . PracticeActivity 3. Read the poem and learn to writeThen think of your own situation and wri
16、te a similar poem.Look at the way your face has been washed Look at the way your teeth have been brushed Look at the way your shoes have been cleaned Youd better do them again.Look at the way the flowers have been planted Look at the way the grass has been cutLook at the way the paths have been swep
17、t I hope that youll come here again.Step . Consolidation exercise1They _ (sell) ten apartments in the past one hour. 2He _ (buy) a present when she visited Xinjiang.3He _ already _ (ask) to help you.4The company _ (make) its workers work5A notice _ already _ (put up) on the wall.6Since we realized t
18、hat we should study hard, our time _ (make) full use of.7These streets_ (not sweep) for two days.8How long_the book _ (keep)?9How long ago _the picture _ (take)? 10These goods _ (not ship) abroad yet.1.have sold 2.was bought 3.has/been asked 4.has made 5.has been put up 6.havent been made 7.havent beem swept 8.has been kept 9.was taken 10.havent been shipped.
