1、高考英语核心词汇拓展 Day 221. adopt/dpt/v. 采纳；收养【拓展】adopt a suggestion/view/way采纳建议/观点/方法adopt a child/dog 收养孩子/狗adoption n. 采纳；收养 adoptive a. 采用的; 有收养关系的 adopted a. 被收养的【例句】The aged couple adopted an deserted baby. 那对老夫妇收养了一个弃婴。She treated her adopted son as if he were her own child.她对待养子好像他是自己的孩子一样。If you c
2、an not have children of your own, why not consider adoption (adopt)?假如你自己不能生育，何不考虑收养一个呢？【串记】The old man adopted the suggestion sending his adopted daughter to college. 老人采纳了送他的养女上大学的建议。22. advance/dvns/ v. & n. 推/前/促进；进展/步；提前；预付；a. 预先的【拓展】in advance预先，事先，在前面in advance of在之前，优于，比进步，超过make advances 取得
3、进步/进展advance on (upon)更向前进，朝前进advance to 使晋升到,使提前到 advanced a. 先进的；高级的；高深的 advancement n. 前进，进步；提升【例句】We advanced on the enemys position under the cover of darkness.我们在夜幕掩护下攻击了敌人的阵地。Because of reform and opening,Chinas industrial technology is advancing to ever-higher levels.由于改革开放,中国的工业技术正向着越来越高的水平
4、发展。3We must acquire advanced science and technology.我们一定要把先进的科学技术学到手。【串记】We plan to order an advanced course in advance. 我们计划提前预定一个高级课程。【辨析】advance/progressadvance指具体的人或物，也指科学、运动、知识等前进、进步，强调进步的程度；progress指经常的、持续的或稳定的前进、进步，常用于抽象事物。23. advantage /dvntd/ a. 优势；有利条件；优点 (反disadvantage ) (1) be of advanta
5、ge to有利于have(get，gain)an advantage over优(越)于，比优越take advantage of利用，占便宜；趁之机to ones advantageto the advantage of sb.对某人有利have the advantage of (doing) sth.有(做)的有利条件(2)disadvantage n. 劣势；不利条件【例句】Take full advantage of this opportunity to perform and you will have an advantage over your rivals in the p
6、erformance.充分利用这次表演的机会，你就会在表演方面胜过你的对手。It might be to your advantage to take a computer course of some kind.学习某种计算机课程可能会对你有利。Men usually have an advantage over women when hunting for jobs. 男人在找工作时通常比女人有优势。【串记】We have an advantage of resource over Japan. Now the situation is to our advantage. We must
7、take advantage of the advantage to make advances. 我们对日本有资源优势。现在形势对我们有利。我们必须利用这个优势取得进步。24. advise /dvaz/ vt. 忠告，劝告，建议【拓展】advise doing sth. 建议做某事advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事advise sbof sth把一报告(通知)某人advise that (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事advise with sbon(about)sth同某人商量某事advice U 建议；忠告 give advice on 就/关于
8、给予忠告follow/take/adopt advice 遵循/采纳建议【例句】Hegaveussomeadviceonhow toimprovemyEnglish. 他就如何提高我的英语水平给了我一些忠告。The chief physician advised with the patients husband on the operation主治医生就手术问题与病人丈夫商量。I will keep you advised of the state of the market我随时向你报告市场行情。I advise you to reconsider your decision我建议你重新考
9、虑你的决定。【串记】My adviser advised the boss should adopt the doctors advice. 我的顾问建议老板采纳医生的建议。 【辨析】 advise后面可以接sb. to do sth. 名词advice不可数；suggest不可以接sb. to do sth.；名词suggestion可数。25. affect/fekt/ vt. 影响(同influence)；感染(同infect)；vi. 喜爱【拓展】affection n. 喜爱，爱慕；感/爱情(常复)affectionate a. 深情的effect n. 影响；效果，作用 effec
10、tive a. 有效果的have an effect on 对有影响 greenhouse effect 温室效应side effect 副作用 in effect实际上，生效 bring/put into effect 使生效 take effect 生效起作用 come into effect开始生效/实施【例句】Noonecanchangeyou; otherscan onlyaffectyou. 没有人能改变你，别人只能影响你。【语境串记】Your affections for her may affect her study. Though love is a rich great
11、affection, it has a bad effect on an immature teen. 你对她的感情会影响她的学习。虽然爱情是丰富伟大的感情，但是对不成熟的少年有不好的影响。【辨析】influence，affect，effect都有。影响”意思。influence通常指通过劝说、行动或树立榜样来改变一个人的行为或思想，是潜移默化的影响，也可指自然力的作用affect指足够能引起反应或引出相应反响的刺激因素，着重指使事物受到不良的影响或指一个人的感情受到某种影响effect着重指产生或造成的结果、效果、效力、影响和作用等。后两词均可接on。表示“影响”时influence和aff
12、ect可作及物动词或名词，而effect只作名词。Reading in bed has affected his eye sight在床上读书影响了他的视力。Influenced by a high school biology teacher，he took up the study of medicine他受一位中学生物教师的影响，开始学习医学。26. afford /fd/ vt. 负担得起（的费用）；承担得起(时间、后果等)；抽得出（时间）；提供【拓展】 (1)afford to do sth.负担得起做某事(的费用)afford sb. sth. afford sth. to sb.
13、给予某人某物；提供给某人某物(2)affordable adj. 能承担得起的affordably adv. 付得起地【例句】The price of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there.房子的价格涨了上去，本地区的人在那儿都买不起房子了。Television and the Internet afford many people much pleasure.Television and the Internet afford much pleasure to many people
14、.电视和网络给许多人带来很大的乐趣。Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy affordably priced bikes.那些贫穷的青少年兴奋地发现在拐角处有一家商店，在那里他们可以买到价格实惠的自行车。【点津】afford意为“买得起，负担得起”时，常与can, could, be able to连用，后接名词、代词或不定式。【语境串记】Theworkwillafford meachanceofpromotion and lots of mon
15、ey. I can afford to make a trip abroad, but I cant afford the time. 这个工作将会为我提供晋升的机会以及大量金钱。我有钱出国度假，但是抽不出时间。27. afraid/fred/ a. 害怕的(同scared)；担心【拓展】be afraid of 害怕 (同fear) be afraid of doing sth. 担心/害怕发生某事be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事be afraid (that) 从句 担心某事Im afraid. 恐怕(同fear)；遗憾【例句】Allpeopleliketo besuc
16、cessfulbutafraidoffailure.所有的人都喜欢成功，但是却害怕失败。【语境串记】I am afraid of strangers. Im afraid to go out in the daytime. Im afraid of meeting new people because Im afraid (that) they will laugh at me. 我怕陌生人。我不敢白天出去。我担心遇到生人，怕他们嘲笑我。after ad. 在后；后来；prep. 在之后；在 后面；conj. 在以后 (反before)【拓展】after all 毕竟，终究 look afte
17、r 照顾go/run/hunt/seek after 追赶/逐；追求nameafter以命名 the day after 第二天one after another 接连地；一个接一个地afternoon 下午 afterward(s) 后来，以后【例句】Go on todotheotherexerciseafteryouhave finishedthisone. 你做完这道练习以后，接着再做其它练习。【语境串记】I know what you seek after is to have something named after you. But, after all, you are too
18、 young to look after yourself. 我知道你追求的是有以你名字命名的东西。但是，毕竟，你太年轻了，不能照顾自己。28. against /genst; genst/ prep. 对着，反对(反for)；违背；对抗；防备；依靠，对着；以为背景；衬托【拓展】be/go against 违反；反对argue/fight/compete against 与争执/战斗/竞争protest against 保护防备against ones wishes/will 违背某人的意愿【例句】No matterwhatwedo,weshould atnotimegoagainstnatu
19、re.无论我们做什么，我们都决不能违背自然规律。【串记】 Because he fought against his desk mate, which went against the rules. The teacher told him to stand against the wall. Of course, it was against his wishes. 因为他跟同桌打架违反了规定。老师叫他靠墙站着，当然他不情愿。29. agree/gri/ v. 同意；应允(反disagree) 【拓展】agree with同意（观点、看法）；一致；（食物、气候等）适应（某人）agree to
20、 同意（计划、决定、安排等）agree on（在某事上）达成一致agree to do sth.同意做某事agreeable a令人愉快的;适合的；易相处的agreement n同意；一致;协定，协议(书)arrive at(come to)an agreement达成协议in agreement with与一致，按照，符合make an agreement with与达成协议【例句】We agree with what you say我们同意你所说的意见。 They agreed on a date for the next meeting他们就下次会议的日期达成了协议。We agree t
21、o their proposal我们同意了他们的建议。This bill doesnt agree with my calculations这份账单跟我的计算结果不一致。The climate here does not agree with me这里的气候对我不适合。【串记】Though I disagree with some items in the agreement, I will agree to sign it. After all, youre an agreeable boss. 虽然我不同意协议中的一些条款，但我同意签署。毕竟，你是个和蔼可亲的老板。30. aim/em/n
22、. 目的(同purpose)；目标(同goal)；v. 计划，打算(同plan)；瞄准；针对【拓展】 (1)take aim at .瞄准；对准with the aim of . 目的是achieve ones aim 达到某人的目标(2)aim at/be aimed at (doing) sth.瞄准，对准；旨在(做)某事aim to do sth. 目标是做某事(3)aimless adj. 漫无目的的aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地Im aiming tolose 4 kilograms before the summer holidays.我的目标是暑假前体重减轻四公斤。Do
23、nt argue aimlessly. Lets sit down and talk things over.别漫无边际地争论了，我们坐下来讨论一下吧。Aimed at improving the level of English, English Corner is held once a week. 为了提高英语水平，英语角每周举办一次。【串记】While at high school, Bill aimed high, when he entered college, he led an aimless life. Joining in a project which is aimed
24、at helping those lost aim, he aimed to change his life. 比尔上高中时目标很高，当他上大学时，他过着没有目标的生活。参加一个旨在帮助那些失去目标的人的项目，他的目标是改变他的生活。31. alarm/lm/n. 警报；警告器；闹钟；惊慌；vt. 警告；使惊恐【拓展】（1）raise/sound the alarm 拉响警报alarm clock 闹钟（2）alarmed a. 惊恐的 feel alarmed about sth.对产生恐慌get alarmed about 对大惊小怪,对感到吃惊be alarmed by 被吓一跳alar
25、ming a. 使人惊恐的【例句】We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。The instant they heard the alarm, they fell in for action.他们一听到警报，就立即集合准备战斗。【串记】When the alarm sounded, all the people fled in alarm. The alarm caused great alarm in people. 警报声一响，所有的人都惊慌地逃走了。这一警报在人们中引起了极大的恐慌。32.alive /lav/a
26、dj.有活力的；有生气的；活着的；仍然存在的【拓展】alive and kicking 生气勃勃，活蹦乱跳be alive to 注意，对有敏感be alive with兴旺，拥挤，(热情)洋溢come alive变得活跃起来bring . alive 使变得活跃keep . alive 使有活力/仍然存在She only came alive when she sat down at the piano.她一坐在钢琴旁就精神起来。His humourous story brought the atmosphere of the meeting really alive. 他的幽默故事使这次会
27、议的气氛变得真正活跃起来了。He is alive to his own interests. 他斤斤计较自己利益。【辨析】alive通常作表语，如作定语用时，一般后置，多用于人。live指“活的，有生命的”，作定语时，放在名词前，通常只用于动物，如live fish， live duck，用于人时，则转意为“生气勃勃的”； 除了表示“活的”外，还表示“现场直播的”；living指“活着的”，尤指“现存的”、现在活着的”人或物，可用于一切事物，语义比 alive 广，既可作表语，也可作定语。既可前置也可后置。【串记】I watched a live TV program. There was
28、a boy liking all living things. He kept a live fish in a small jar. Later on he decided to free it and kept the fish alive in the river.我看了一个电视直播节目。有一个男孩喜欢所有的生活。他把一条活鱼放在一个小罐子里。后来他决定释放它，让鱼在河里活着。33. allow/la/ vt. 允/准许(同permit)；使有可能【归纳拓展】allow doing sth. 允许做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事， allow sb./sth
29、. to do sth. 使某人可能做；使某事可能allow for考虑到；估计到；连算在内allowance n. 津/补贴；零用钱【例句】Why didnt he allow me to operate the machine他为什么不准许我开这台机器?【串记】Allowing for his age, the boss allows him to have a rest and wont reduce his allowance. 考虑到他的年龄，老板允许他休息，不会减少他的津贴。34. alone /ln/ a. 单独的，仅仅的；ad. 独自地【拓展】let(leave)alone不管
30、，不予理会，听之任之let alone更不用说，更别提all alone孤单的，孤独的【例句】Money alone cannot make you happy光有钱并不能使你幸福。I have not seen him，let alone talked with him我见都没见过他，别说跟他谈话了。Pleaseleavemealone.Ineed tofocus onthisproject.请别烦我。我需要把精力集中到这个项目上。【串记】 While the expert lives alone in a lonely island, he never feels lonely. 虽然专家
31、独自一人住在孤岛上，但他从不感到孤独。【辨析】lonely a. 孤独的，寂寞的；偏僻的(表示内心的感受)；alone a. & ad. 强调单独，独自，仅仅。35. amaze/mez/ v. 使惊奇/叹；使震惊【拓展】 (1) It amazes sb. that . What amazes sb. is that .使某人惊讶的是(2) amazing adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的Its amazing that .令人惊讶的是(3)amazed adj. 吃惊的，惊奇的be amazed at/by .对感到惊讶be amazed to do sth.做某事感到惊讶(4)amazem
32、ent n.惊奇，惊愕to ones amazement令某人惊讶的是in amazement惊愕地【例句】We were amazed to learn that she had left the hospital $18 million.得知她把1 800万美元留给了医院，我们感到很惊讶。What amazed me was that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.To my amazement, the old man devoted all his money to supporting
33、 the local school.It amazed me that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.让我吃惊的是，这位老人捐出所有的钱来资助当地学校。【串记】Toouramazement,thefaceofthe citykeepschangingevery day.However, what is amazing to us cant make him amazed. 令我们惊奇的是，这座城市的面貌每天都在变化。然而，让我们惊奇的事情并不能让他感到惊奇。36. amount/mant/ n.
34、 数量；v. 总计【拓展】an amount of 一些，许多(接不可数名词)(large/huge) amounts of 大量，许多amount to 相当于；总计达到【例句】Pleasecharge theamounttomyaccount.请把这笔金额记在我的帐上。【串记】A large amount of allowance is afforded to the boy. It amounts to 3,000 dollars. 这个男孩得到了一大笔零用钱，总共是3000美元。【辨析】amount/numberamount指不可数名词的量；number指可数名词的数量。37. amu
35、se /mjuz/ vt.（使人）快乐，逗乐【拓展】amuse oneself with拿来消遣，以自娱be(feel)amused at(by，with)对觉得有趣(好笑)，被引逗得发笑amusement n娱乐，快乐；消遣，乐趣【例句】His foolish mistakes amused all of us他那愚蠢的错误使我们大家发笑。He amused himself with his books(by reading)他以读书作消遣。We were very much amused to see the seal perform its tricks我们被海豹的特技表演给逗乐了。【串
36、记】Mr. Wang is an amusing person who often amuses us with amusing stories. So staying with him is really a kind of amusement. 王先生是个有趣的人，他经常用有趣的故事逗我们。所以和他在一起真是一种娱乐。38. anger /g/n. 生气，愤怒；v. 使生气，激怒【拓展】 (1)in a moment of anger 一时之气，一阵气恼in anger 生气地tremble with anger 气得发抖(2)angry 生气的，愤怒的 be angry at/with
37、sb. 对某人生气 be angry about/at/over sth. 因为某事生气【例句】The employer got very angry at his employees about their poor performance. 雇主对他的雇员表现不佳很生气。【串记】“Even though you got angry over your work in the office, dont get angry with me at home.” the wife said to her husband in anger. 即使你在办公室对你的工作感到生气，也不要在家里对我生气。妻
38、子生气地对丈夫说。39. announce/nans/ vt. 宣布/告；发表(声明等)；预示【拓展】announcement n. 公告；宣告；发表；通告announcer n. 广播员；宣告者【例句】Ihaveanimportantannouncementto make. 我要宣布一件重要的事情。【串记】The announcerphonedmetoannouncehisdecision to call off the announcement. 播音员打电话给我，宣布他决定取消广播。40. annoy/n/vt. 使恼怒；使烦恼；骚扰【拓展】1)It annoys sb. that. 使
39、某人恼怒(2)annoyed adj.恼怒的; 烦闷的be annoyed about 为感到烦恼 be annoyed at 为而生气 be annoyed with 对(某人)生气(3)annoying a. 令人恼怒的; 使人烦闷的annoyance n 恼怒; 烦闷【例句】The young man annoyed the bull with a red rag.那个年轻人用一幅红布把公牛激怒了。Im very much annoyed at his behavior.对于他的行为我十分恼火。I am very annoyed about that bus conductor.我很生那
40、个公共汽车售票员的气。【串记】Our children bring us both joy and annoyance. Though sometimes their annoying behavior annoys their mum, they never make me annoyed. 我们的孩子给我们带来欢乐和烦恼。虽然有时他们令人讨厌的行为惹恼了他们的妈妈，但他们从不让我生气。【趁热打铁】一、语法填空。1. Apersonwithgood mannersis an (agree)companion,becausehealwaysthinksofothers.2. Some expe
41、rts advise (bring) in the advanced technology and instrument.3. The populationinthatcountrygrowsatan (alarm)rate. 4. The biggest advantage of the advanced technology is its (afford) price.5. Ifeelkind of (aim). Idontknowwhattodonext.6. The adopted son turnedtoexplainto his stepmother,butsheturnedawa
42、y (anger).7. The date of the meeting (advance) from Friday to Thursday. 8. The dark red flowers look bright the green leaves.9. Allthe (annoy)hasescapedfar away when he heard the amusing joke.10. Thisisone ofthe most (effect)methodsoflearning, as was proved.二、单句改错。1. My stepmother doesnt allow me to
43、go outlonelyaftermidnight. _2. Large amounts of bags were deserted when the alarm sounded. _3. Imamazingthattheyoung girlshouldgetthepost. _4. I strongly against this rule because it cant protect pets against abuse and abandonment. _5. She is afraid of the advice of her doctor will affect her plan t
44、o have a baby. _6. Youcandisagree me,butyouhave toto dosorespectfullyifyouwantyourcomment _7. When the alarm went off, all felt alarmed but she was calm. _8. Weallowsmokeonlyinthisarea.Or else, it will affect more people. _9. Some young students follow online celebrities(网红) aimless. _10. We neednt
45、and shouldnt follow your advices all the time in all situations. _三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。1. Theprogramme (针对)ateenaudience. Of course, adults can enjoy it as well. 2. Youshould (利用) your skills to beat your rivals.3. Ihavetodoapart-timejob,so thatIcan (租得起)anapartmentnearmy company.4. Thanks to the advan
46、ced technology, we have (取得进展) in many ways. 5. This decision will (影响) your life and happiness. Please be cautious. 四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。1. 总而言之，雇主对所我们取得的进展感到高兴。(all in all) _2. 在这所学校，学生不允许在宿舍里养宠物。(allow sb .to do sth.) _3. 发达国家有更多的优势(优势)比发展中国家。(advantage) _4. 在这次事故中，共有五名儿童感染了这种疾病。(get affected with) _5.
47、没有地震的提前警报，损失不可能这么小。(advance) _答案一、语法填空。1. agreeable 2. bringing 3.alarming 4. affordable 5. aimless 6. angrily 7. was advanced 8. against 9. annoyance 10. effective二、单句改错。1. lonelyalone 2. amountsnumbers 3. amazingamazed 4. 在I和strongly之间加am 5. ofthat或去掉of 6. 在disagree后面加with 7. alarmedalarming 8. sm
48、okesmoking 9. aimlessaimlessly 10. advicesadvice三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。1. isaimedat 2. takeadvantageof 3. affordtorent 4. made advances 5. have an effect on 四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。1. Allinall,the employeris pleasedattheprogresswehave made.2. Students are not allowed to keep pet in the dormitory in this school.3. Developed countries have more advantages than developing ones.4. Five kids in all got affected with the disease in the accident. 5. Without the advance alarm of the earthquake, the losses couldnt have been so small.
