1、题型6 短文改错题的备考策略与对点训练.策略指导一般来说，解答短文改错题的原则可用三个字来概括：正、加、删。在解答时，考生要更正错词，添加缺词，删除多词。短文改错都有相应的规范符号和格式，考生不可错用或混用。根据短文改错题的命题规律和考生作答时所暴露的问题，笔者建议考生在复习过程中采用以下三种方法：1四要法(1)要浏览全文，把握大意。(2)要找出短文中的句号，把短文拆分成若干个句子。短文改错不应按行去分析，而应以句子为单位进行改错。(3)要认真分析句子结构，从“多、缺、错”三个方面入手，进行改错。(4)要重新通读自己改正过的文章，进行检查。2四看法(1)看每行或每句有无“一致性”错误：主谓是否
2、一致；指代是否一致；修饰语与被修饰语是否一致；前后时态是否一致；单复数是否一致；并列连词and, or, but等前后的形式是否一致。(2)看每行或每句有无“搭配”错误：动宾是否搭配；动词与介词是否搭配；介词与名词是否搭配；固定词组是否正确。(3)看每行或每句有无词法或语法方面的错误：冠词the, an, a的误用；非谓语动词的误用；引导词的误用；形容词与副词的误用；时态、语态使用不当；并列连词(and, but, or, so等)的误用；名词单复数形式的误用。(4)看每行或每句有无逻辑方面的错误，如按照上下文的意思本该用push的地方用了pull。总之，考生只要在平时的学习过程中打好基础，掌
3、握命题规律、解题思路与技巧，从具体语境、行文逻辑、习惯用法、句子结构等方面入手，对句子进行分析，就能顺利改正错误。3综合法(1)以语篇为整体，以句子为单位，从词法、句法和行文逻辑等方面识错、纠错。(2)学会分析句子结构，尤其是较复杂的句子，弄清词性与句子成分之间的关系，多从语法角度考虑语言运用的准确性。不要随意改变词义(行文逻辑错误除外)，纠正错误要从同根词上考虑，如词性、词形变化等。(3)把握语言运用的多样性，多从句意和词义方面考虑语言运用正确与否。(4)加强基础知识训练，正确把握常用词语的拼写形式。(5)将语法学习与改错相结合，将书面表达与改错相结合，加大练习力度，在大量的纠错中感悟语言运
4、用的准确性和灵活性。(6)严格按照题目要求规范答题，减少非智力因素造成的失误。.模拟训练ADear John，How happy my family are when they know youll stay with us for two months! My parents have already prepared for a room with things you need for you. It can serve both a bedroom and a study. We will be able to share a lot of pleased hours such as
5、going to school, taking exercise, and visit places together. It is exciting and interesting is that we can exchange language lesson, with you teaching me English, and I teach you Chinese! Im sure that we will be able to know each others country and people better, and which we will have a very happy
6、time together.Looking forward to see you!Yours sincerely，Li Hua答案：第一句：theywe第二句：去掉第一个for第三句：serve后加as第四句：pleasedpleasant; visitvisiting第五句：ItWhat; lessonlessons; teachteaching第六句：whichthat第七句：seeseeingBDear Mr. Smith，Im writing this letter to invite you to participate our New Year Party. The party w
7、as going to be held in the school meeting halls from 7：00 pm. to 9：00 pm. next Saturday.Many wonderful performances presenting by the teachers and students in our school, will be shown on the stage. But it will surely offer you a good opportunity to get a clear picture of China traditional culture.
8、They would be very delighted if you could come. Meanwhile, if you could also deliver the speech, our party would be more cheerfully. We do look forward to receive your reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua答案：第一句：participate后加in第二句：wasis; hallshall第三句：presentingpresented第四句：ButSo/Therefore/And; ChinaChinese第五
9、句：TheyWe第六句：thea; cheerfullycheerful第七句：receivereceivingC(2016吉林一中模拟)I am painful to see many students thrown away their food they cant eat up or they dislike in the school. As we know, there are still a lot people who dont have enough food to eat. To save food was to save some peoples life. Whats m
10、ore, food is a kind of limiting resource. To save food can better preserve our resources and protect the environment or our health.So we shouldnt to waste food any longer. Dont order much than you can eat. When eating, you should eat up your food, trying your best to reduce the waste. If possibly, you can devote what you save to those who need our help.答案：第一句：thrownthrowing/throw第二句：lot后加of第三句：wasis; lifelives第四句：limitinglimited第五句：orand第六句：去掉to第七句：muchmore第九句：possiblypossible; 第二个youyour
