1、课时素养检测 十四Unit 3Period 2. 阅读理解A(2019莆田高一检测)Its no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the worldbut you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable f
2、or you. Highly SensitiveHighly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron. For such people, individual
3、 or non-competitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal. Type A PersonalityType A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. However, this can cause them
4、to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury. To get better exercise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more flexible and listen to their bodies, especially when
5、 they are in pain. Type B PersonalityThis laid-back group may get too lazy about their exercise plans, which prevents them from seeing results. They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals, especially if exercise is something that makes them anxious. Type B ind
6、ividuals succeed in creative and co-operative environments, so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect. Remember, there are plenty of ways and you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs, regardless of your characteristics. Just keep in mind what you like. 【语篇概述】本文为说明文。人的性格特征直接影响一个人与世界的
7、互动, 而且影响很大。专家认为, 个性甚至会影响人的锻炼及影响适合你的运动。本文论述了不同的性格是如何影响人的锻炼习惯的。1. Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports? A. They will feel like they are being evaluated. B. They dont like socializing with other people. C. They dont consider themselves to be athletic. D. They fear
8、 theyll be let down by their teammates. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据Highly Sensitive中第一句“高度敏感的人可能对于团体运动课或团队运动有不舒服的感觉, 在那里他们感觉他们的每一个动作都会被观察。而且他们可能对效率低或者差的练习感到更沮丧”可知, 高度敏感的人对于自己的每个动作被人观察、被评估而不安, 分析选项可知A符合题意, 故选A。2. Type A personalities can be best described as _. A. flexible. B. committed. C. independent. D. sensi
9、tive. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据Type A Personality中的Type A individuals. . . This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. “A型性格的人以一直坚持自己的计划而闻名, 更不用说他们具有超强的竞争力了”可知, 这种性格的人往往一直坚持自己的计划, 即做某事很投入。分析选项flexible灵活的; committed坚定的, 献身于某种事业的; independent 独立的; s
10、ensitive敏感的, 可知, B项committed符合题意, 故选B。3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To help people understand what personality type they are. B. To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise. C. To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits. D. To describe different types of
11、workouts that are available today. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。本文的第一段说明了人的性格特征直接影响一个人与世界的互动, 而且影响很大。专家认为, 你的个性甚至会影响你的锻炼及影响适合你的运动。接着下文解释了不同的性格具体是如何影响锻炼习惯的。分析选项知C项(解释个人特征如何影响锻炼习惯)符合题意, 故选C。BDebra Avery has been a horse lover since she was a little girl in San Diego. Her family couldnt afford a horse of their own, so
12、 Debra borrowed rides at the local horse-riding center, gaining the confidence only found atop a horse. Years later, Debra remembered those early days, and the lessons she learned with the horses at the riding center, and wanted to help other young women get the benefits of connecting with horses. “
13、I always wanted to run a horse program for girls like me, ”says Debra. “I wanted to help them gain the courage to be around a horse and to care for a horse. ”One day at the Los Angeles Horse-riding Center, as Debra rode beside fellow rider Judith Hopkins, she mentioned an inheritance(遗产)from her fat
14、her-in-law and her desire to use it to serve disadvantaged girls. Judith had the same dream and a name for the organization. They founded Taking the Reins(TTR)in 1998. The organization serves more than 400 young women per year in after-school, weekend, and summer programs that feature horse riding a
15、nd care, gardening and even competitive horse showing. Most participants live below the poverty line and often have not had reliable housing for more than six months at a time. Few have previous horse experience. TTR uses farm and ranch experiences to teach responsibility, leadership, teamwork, and
16、self-confidence. Director Dr. Jane Haven says, “A large number of our girls are somewhat autistic(孤独症的). I cant count how many of them have found their first social friends thanks to sharing this hobby and activity. Horses bring them out in such a wonderful way. ”Jane also sees members of TTR progra
17、m excel in school100 percent of young women involved for four years or more have graduated from high school. Ninety-nine percent of those participants have gone on to attend four-year colleges. Debra sees a more obvious impactafter a few weeks in the TTR program, the young women sit a little higher
18、in their saddles(马鞍). “Theres just something about sitting up on the back of a horse that gives them a boost of confidence. ”【语篇概述】Debra的生活和学习深受骑马运动的影响, 她和别人一起合办了一个组织来帮助喜欢骑马的女孩通过骑马运动获取自信而最终改变人生。4. What programs does TTR offer? A. Horse riding and showing. B. Horse care and farming. C. Pet care and g
19、ardening. D. Weekend hiking and camping. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由文章第三段第二句可知, TTR项目包括骑马运动和马术表演。5. Who was the organization founded for? A. Homeless and lonely women. B. Hard-working school girls. C. Female autistic patients. D. Poor horse-loving girls. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第三段第三句可知, 此组织是为贫穷的喜欢骑马的女孩提供帮助的。6. In what
20、way has TTR changed its members life? A. They have been given financial aid. B. They have achieved academic excellence. C. They have grown into professional horse riders. D. They have been provided with reliable housing. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段可知, 参加骑马运动四年或更长时间的女孩百分之百高中毕业, 其中百分之九十九继续去念了四年大学, 即取得了优秀的学术
21、成绩。7. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. TTR is a profit-making organization. B. TTR program lasts a few weeks. C. The girls confidence grows quickly. D. The girls can ride taller horses. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段Debra的话可知, 经过几周的骑马训练, 女孩们很快树立了自信心。. 完形填空I played a racquetball game against my cous
22、in Ed last week. It was one of the most 1 and tiring games Ive ever had. When Ed first phoned and 2 we play together, I laughed quietly, figuring on an easy victory. After all, Eds idea of 3 has always been nothing more effort-making than lifting a fork to his mouth. 4 I can remember, Eds been the l
23、east physically fit member in the family, and 5 proud of himself. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the family often 6 about that, Ed refused to buy a larger T-shirt or to lose weight. So when Ed 7 for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt g
24、athered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly 8, I was so surprised that I was speechless. My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. 9, at the point in our game when I d have predicted(预计)the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was instead 7 to 9 and E
25、d was 10. The sudden realization was painful. We 11 to play like two mad men. When the score was 16 up, I was having serious 12 about staying alive until 21 years old, let alone (更不用说) 13 that many points. When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, too tired to 14. In a wa
26、y, I think we both won: I won the game, but cousin Ed won my 15. 【语篇概述】本文讲述了作者与表兄弟Ed间的一场球赛。作者认为表弟Ed身体差、大腹便便, 根本就不是作者的对手。可结果却出乎预料。作者虽赢了比赛, 可Ed却不仅赢得了作者对他的善意、支持、友情, 而且赢得了作者对他的尊敬。1. A. encouragingB. hopelessC. surprisingD. regular【解析】选C。句意: 这是一场我曾打过的最令人吃惊的、最累人的比赛之一。 encouraging 鼓舞人心的; hopeless 无助的; surp
27、rising 令人惊叹的; regular 规律的。运用前后照应法读完整篇文章, 不难得出作者与表兄弟(Ed)间的这场球赛是令他吃惊不已(surprising)、疲惫不堪的。故选C。2. A. declaredB. mentionedC. persuadedD. suggested【解析】选D。句意: 当表弟打电话提议一起打球时, 我心中窃喜。 declare宣布; mention提及; persuade劝说; suggest建议。注意play用的原形, 只有suggest可后接“that (+should)+ 动词原形”结构。其他三项不能用于此结构。故选D。3. A. exerciseB.
28、preparationC. joyD. fitness【解析】选A。句意: 毕竟表弟Ed以为运动就是动动碗筷。 exercise 练习、运动; preparation 准备; joy快乐; fitness 健康。文章中提到的是像打壁球赛这样的运动(exercise)。由文中可看出后三项不合原文。故选A。4. A. As soon asB. As long asC. WhenD. Since【解析】选B。句意: 据我的回忆, 表弟是家里身体最不健康的人。 As soon as 一就; As long as 只要; When 当时; Since 自从。尽(as long as)作者所能记忆的, r
29、emember是持续性动词, 与表示持续意义的as long as(像一样长; 只要)连用, 引导条件状语从句。as soon as, when, since三项均表示短暂意义, 通常与短暂性动词连用。故选B。5. A. strangelyB. personallyC. reasonablyD. eagerly【解析】选A。句意: 很奇怪表弟竟然以自己为豪。strangely 奇怪地; personally 个人, 亲自; reasonably 合理地; eagerly 渴望地。Ed是整个家庭中身体健康状况最差的人, 而他却莫名其妙地(strangely)感到自豪。作者用strangely表示
30、不理解其行为。故选A。6. A. caredB. forgotC. quarreledD. joked【解析】选D。句意: 尽管家人总拿他的样子开玩笑。care关心; forget 忘记; quarrel争吵; joke开玩笑。对于Ed的鼓胀得像气球似的大肚子, 家人为此常逗乐(joked)。故选D。7. A. set outB. got readyC. arrivedD. returned【解析】选C。句意: 所以当Ed到来比赛之时, 你几乎看不到他大腹便便的样子。set out 开始; get ready 准备好; arrive到达; return返回, 返还。arrived指Ed的到来,
31、 因为后文写作者看到Ed的情况。returned表示“返回”行为, set out (动身, 出发), got ready(准备好)均表示起始动作, 均与文意不符。arrive为终结性行为。故选C。8. A. noticeB. admireC. believeD. measure【解析】选A。句意: Ed把衣服扎进裤子里, 作者几乎看不出肚子来。 notice 注意到; admire 钦佩; believe 相信; measure 测量。故选A。9. A. After allB. As a resultC. Above allD. At last【解析】选B。句意: 结果在我预计比分将会是9比
32、1大胜他的时候, 比分却是7比9。 After all 毕竟; As a result结果; Above all 毕竟; At last 最后。由上文可知, 作者认为这次壁球比赛自己获胜不在话下, 而该句表明估计错误, 结果与自己预计的不同, 故as a result能表示作者此时的心态, as a result暗含“出乎意料”之意。故选B。10. A. leadingB. comingC. waitingD. counting【解析】选A。句意: Ed比分领先了。lead领导; come到达; wait等待; count数数。根据上面比分相反, 可以判断出Ed领先(leading)了。故选A
33、。11. A. pretendedB. stoppedC. continuedD. decided【解析】选C。句意: 我们发疯似的继续比赛。 pretend假装; stop停止; continue继续; decide决定。后面提到分数已经到16了, 说明他们俩从“7: 9”之后仍是在发疯似的继续(continued)比赛。故选C。12. A. thoughtsB. doubtsC. situationsD. problems【解析】选B。句意: 我开始严肃地怀疑自己能否活到21岁。thoughts 想法; doubts 怀疑; situations 情况; problems 问题。故选B。1
34、3. A. scoringB. completingC. receivingD. keeping【解析】选A。句意: 更不要说获得这些分数。score得分; complete完成; receive收到; keep保持。作者更对自己能取得那么多的得分感到怀疑。故选A。14. A. playB. startC. sleepD. move【解析】选D。句意: 比赛结束时, 我们两个疲惫不堪不愿意动。play 玩耍; start开始; sleep 睡觉; move 移动。比赛结束后, 双方都仰卧平躺, 疲惫不堪, 连动一动(move)都不行了。故选D。15. A. friendshipB. respectC. supportD. favor【解析】选B。句意: 某种程度上来说, 我们俩都获胜了, 我赢得了比赛, 表弟赢得了尊重。friendship友谊; respect 尊重; support 支持; favor 喜爱。作者虽赢了比赛, 可Ed却赢得了作者对他的尊敬(respect)。故选B。【技法导练】前后呼应法做完形填空时, 要始终抓住文章本身, 联系“双语境”来判断, 即大语境全文中心和基调, 小语境空格前后句子所构成的语境; 再根据前有伏笔后有呼应的思路来做题。
