1、Section Grammar & Writing主谓一致阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1Following Janes way of studying chimps，our group are all going to visit them in the forest.2Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.3Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and mo
2、ve off.4Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，这叫作主谓一致。主谓一致的应用主要有以下几种情况：1名词作主语主语谓语动词单数可数名词或不可数名词单数复数可数名词复数只表示复数意义的集体名词people，police，cattle等复数family，class，group类集体名词强调整体单数强调成员复数只作不可数名词用的集体名词 clothing，equipment 等单数单复数同形的名词
3、根据其表达的单复数意义而定Tom has eggs and milk for breakfast.汤姆早餐吃鸡蛋，喝牛奶。The children are very fond of playing games.孩子们非常喜欢玩游戏。The police have caught the criminal.警方已经逮捕了那个罪犯。My family is very large.我的家庭很大。(强调整体)His family are waiting for him.他的家人在等他。(强调成员)The equipment of our factory is all imported from Brit
4、ain.我们工厂的设备都是从英国进口的。Each means has been tried to solve the problem，but none is effective.为解决这个问题，每一种方法都试过了，但没有一种是有效的。名师点津goods，clothes，earnings，remains 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。2数量概念词作主语主语谓语动词表示单位数量、指时间、金钱、距离、长度、重量等的复数名词短语单数the rest/majority (of) 及分数、百分数等根据所指代或修饰的名词而定a number of复数可数名词复数the number of复数可数名词单数a q
5、uantity of/quantities of根据quantity的形式而定more than one/many a单数可数名词单数one of复数可数名词单数Five minutes isnt enough to finish this test.要完成这项测试，5分钟是不够的。About 10% of the pupils were absent that day.那天大约有10%的学生缺席。A number of new houses have been built there.那儿已建了许多新房子。The number of the unemployed is still incre
6、asing.失业人数还在增加。A large quantity of money was spent on the bridge.建这座桥花了很多钱。One of my close friends has been abroad for 8 years.我的一个好朋友已在国外待了8年。3不定代词作主语主语谓语动词either，each(of)，anyone，somebody，everything，no one 等单数both/few/many/several (of)等复数all/some/most(of)指代可数名词复数复数指代不可数名词单数none指代可数名词复数单、复数均可(of)指代不
7、可数名词单数Each of the books costs five yuan.每本书5块钱。Both of my grandfathers are farmers.我的祖父和外祖父都是农民。All are here now.大家都到齐了。All has been tried.一切都试过了。None of them is/are aware of the danger.他们中没有人意识到危险。None of the money was paid to me.连一分钱也没有付给我。4并列结构作主语主语谓语动词由both.and.连接复数由either.or.，neither.nor.，or，no
8、t only.but also，not.but 连接就近一致Both eggs and milk are good for your health.鸡蛋和牛奶对你的健康都有好处。Neither you nor I am fit for the job.你和我都不适合做这份工作。名师点津(1)and 连接的两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、物、概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no，each，every 等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数。5其他情况主语谓语动词主语后有with，like，along/together with，as well as 类短语与
9、主语一致there be 句式中就近一致不定式、动名词通常为单数主语从句通常为单数定语从句中关系代词作主语与先行词一致The mother along with her two children goes to the park every weekend.这位母亲与她的两个孩子每个周末都去公园。There is an apple and some oranges on the table.桌子上有一个苹果和一些橘子。To prevent the air from being polluted is what were now researching.防止空气污染是我们正在研究的课题。Whet
10、her they will hold a party or not has not been decided.他们还没有决定是否开派对。Mr.Smith，who is now downstairs，is asking to see you.史密斯先生要见你，他现在就在楼下。.单句语法填空1Three months _ (pass) since you left.2Up to now the professor and writer _(be) invited to many universities to deliver lectures.3The old _(be) very well ta
11、ken care of in our country.4Neither his parents nor he _ (be) fond of music.5Many a scientist _(have) been trying to solve the problems of the nuclear leakage.【答案】1.has passed2.has been3.are4.is5.has.补全句子补全句子并注意两句的异同1Bread and butter _ a daily food in the West.Both bread and butter _ sold out.2The w
12、orker and writer _ from Wuhan.The professor and the writer _ from Beijing.3His family _ a great one.His family _ music lovers.4The teacher as well as the students _ read the book already.Not only the teacher but also the students _ read the book already.5The number of people invited _ fifty.A number
13、 of people invited _ absent for different reasons.【答案】1.is；are2.is；are3.is；are4.has；have5was；were应用文写作描写人物在描述一位成功的人物时，首先要列出你想要描述的人物的一些个性特征及能体现这些特征的事例；然后再列出一些适合描述这位人物的词汇以帮助组织材料与写作。1描写人物，即通过文字间接地把人物的外貌、性格等呈现给读者。2时态一般选用一般现在时作基点，瞻前顾后，采用相应的时态。以第三人称为主。3介绍人物一般以时间顺序进行叙述，同时注意叙述过程中要有主次之分。亮点句式1.was born into a
14、.family.2.graduated from.3When at college.majored in.4.is fond of.5.has a talent/gift for.6.is regarded/considered as.写作任务根据下面表格内的汉语提示，写一篇80词左右的介绍简古道尔的短文。姓名简古道尔博士研究领域著名的野生动物研究专家，尤其在研究黑猩猩方面性格谦虚、坦诚、考虑周到主要事迹1.童年时代，她碰巧看到一本名叫泰山和杜拉德博士的书。受到极大鼓舞，打算研究动物。2.20世纪60年代，简动身去非洲研究黑猩猩，用了25年多的时间观察和记录黑猩猩的日常活动，完全弄懂了它们的行
15、为。成就1.成立了几个组织，发起一次保护动物的运动。2.被授予了多个奖项。参考词汇：泰山和杜拉德博士Tarzan and Dr Doolittle；“根与芽”“Shoot and Root”审题谋篇体裁记叙文话题人物介绍时态一般现在时和一般过去时人称第三人称遣词造句.词汇1谦虚的_2考虑周到的 _3偶遇 _4看不起 _5成立 _6发起做某事的运动 _7授予某人某物 _【答案】1.modest2.consideratee across4look down on5.set up6.campaign to do sth.7award sb.sth.句式1In her childhood，she ca
16、me across a book.The book is called Tarzan and Dr.Doolittle.(用定语从句合并句子)_2她受到了极大鼓舞，打算研究动物。She was greatly inspired by it.she intended to study animals one day.(用过去分词短语改写句子)_【答案】1.In her childhood，she came across a book which is called Tarzan and Dr.Doolittle.2Greatly inspired by it，she intended to st
17、udy animals one day.妙笔成篇_【参考范文】Dr Jane Goodall，a famous specialist，studies wild animals，especially chimps.She is a modest，outspoken and considerate woman.In her childhood，she came across a book which is called Tarzan and Dr Doolittle.Greatly inspired by it，Jane intended to study animals.In the 1960s
18、，Jane moved off to Africa to study chimps，where she spent over 25 years observing and recording their daily activities and fully understood chimps behaviour.Setting up several organizations and campaigning to protect animals have made her famous all over the world.Such is Jane Goodall，awarded many prizes for her great achievements.
