1、Unit 22Environmental Protection需写准记牢的单词记其形、明其义1reserve n保护区2principle n. 原则，道德准则3beyond prep. 超出4advocate vt. 主张，提倡5recycle vt. 回收利用6threaten vt. 威胁7seize vt. 依法没收；(用武力)夺取8behalf n. 代表9means n. 方法10dust n. 尘土，灰尘11adopt vt. 采用需举一反三的单词知其性、通其变1extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的extinction n灭绝，绝种2fashionable adj.流行的，时髦
2、的fashion n流行，时尚3separation n分离，分开separate adj.分开的v.分离，分开4construct vt.建造construction n建造5considerate adj.想得周到的，体贴的consider vt.考虑consideration n考虑需会读明义的单词识其形、知其义1endanger vt. 危害2trap vt. 使困住3ecology n. 生态4botanical adj. 植物的5corrupt adj. 贪污受贿的，腐败的6conservation n. 保护7consensus n. 一致的意见8claim vt. 声称9rel
3、evant adj. 有关的10agriculture n. 农业11coincidence n. 巧合12condemn vt. 迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地13sacrifice vt.&vi. 牺牲；献出14substitute n. 代替品，代用品15mainland n. 大陆16grand adj. 巨大的17changeable adj. 多变的18rough adj. 艰难的19offshore adj. 在近海岸的20catastrophe n. 巨大的灾难21mountainous adj. 多山的22howl vi. 咆哮，怒吼23potential n. 可能性，潜在性2
4、4negative adj. 消极的，负面的25finance n. 资金26allocate vt. 分配，配给27politics n. 政治(活动)28fragile adj. 易毁的；脆弱的29sharpen vt. 削尖30valid adj. 有充分理由的31evolution n. (生物)进化32calculate vt. 计算，算出1beyond_ones_control超出/不受的控制2look_ahead 展望未来3in_turn 依次；轮流4lead_to 引起，导致5take_action 采取行动6ahead_of 在前面7apart_from 除以外8answer
5、_for (对已产生的不良后果)负责任9or_else 否则，不然10carry_off 掠去，夺走11all_in_all 总的来说12result_in 导致1教材原句Without these naturally occurring gases, the suns rays would_bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光将会被反射回太空中去，地球将处于寒冷之中，不适合生命的存在。句式解读“without n”相当于一个条件状语从句，即含蓄条件句的
6、虚拟。2教材原句Given this data, it_seems_that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.考虑到这一数据，看来人类活动与全球温度升高之间的联系不仅仅是一个巧合。句式解读given prep.“考虑到”；It seems that . “看来”。3教材原句The_last_few_years_have_seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are
7、 predicting far worse to come.近年来一些环境灾难大面积地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。句式解读时间或地点作主语且谓语动词是see时，表示“经历，见证”。4教材原句There_has_been terrible flooding in Asia, Africa, America and Oceania.亚洲、非洲、美洲和大洋洲都发生过可怕的洪涝灾害。句式解读There be 结构的完成式。重难抢分型词汇合作学会1trapn. C夹子；陷阱；困境；圈套 v使困住；使陷于；使落网高考佳句 (2015浙江高考阅读C)Humans are no less trappe
8、d by light pollution than the frogs.人类受光污染的困扰不亚于青蛙。(1)set/lay a trap for 为设下圈套fall into a trap be caught in a trap 落入陷阱fall into the trap of doing sth. 做某事不明智；落入(做)的圈套(2)be trapped in 被困在中trap sb. into doing 诱骗某人做Dont fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.不要把你所有的钱都投资到一个地方，那样做不明
9、智。She was trapped in the burning house at that moment.那时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。.介词填空He was caught in a trap of poverty.They trapped her into marrying him. She had set/laid a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.句式升级The girl was trapped in ruins, but she still wore a smile, waiting to be rescued. Tra
10、pped_in_ruins,_the_girl_still_wore_a_smile,_waiting_to_be_rescued. (用过去分词短语作状语)2reservev贮存；保留；预订 nC储备；贮藏；保护区教材原句Breweries are often built in nature reserves.啤酒厂经常建在自然保护区。(1)reserve sth. for 为保留某物reserve the right to do sth. 保留做某事的权利(2)in reserve 备用with/without reserve 有/没有保留地(3)reservation n. C自然保护区
11、；CU保留；C预订(房间、座位等)make a reservation/reservations (of .) 预订/预约()make reservations/a reservation at/in . 在预订(房间、座位等)with/without reservation 有/没有保留地(4)reserved adj. 预订的，保留的，缄默的Id like to reserve a table for three at eight oclock.我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。Margaret made a reservation at/in her favorite hotel in S
12、ingapore.玛格丽特订了她在新加坡最喜欢的饭店。.介词填空The bottle of whisky that he kept in reserve is for your birthday.He spoke of his time in prison without reserve/reservation.The first three rows of the hall are reserved for special guests.一句多译你需要提前订票吗？1 Do_you_have_to_reserve_tickets_in_advance? (reserve)2 Do_you_ha
13、ve_to_make_a_reservation_of_tickets_in_advance? (reservation)3beyondprep.超越；超出；在(向)较远的一边 adv.在另一边；在(向)更远处高考佳句 (2015重庆高考阅读E).great works of art can go beyond national boundaries.伟大的艺术作品可以超越国界。beyond the limit 超出界限beyond sb. 为某人所不能理解；超出某人的能力beyond (ones) control (某人)无法控制beyond ones wildest dreams 某人做梦
14、也没想到beyond ones power/ability 是某人力所不能及的，超出某人的能力beyond compare 无可比拟；非常好beyond reason/question (doubt) 毫无道理/毫无疑问beyond description/words 无法形容；难以言表Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.任何司机被发现醉酒驾驶将被罚款。Its beyond me why she wants to marry Jeff.我无法理解她为什么想要嫁给杰夫。The beauty of the West
15、Lake is beyond description/words.西湖的美令人难以言表。.用beyond的相关短语填空 The increase in prices is beyond_controlIm sorry I cant translate the poem into English. Its beyond_my_abilityMy deep appreciation is beyond_words/description for your sympathy and thoughtfulness.单句写作但是，当事情超出我的能力时，我就向同学或老师求助。However,_when_i
16、t_is_something_beyond_my_power/ability,_I_turn_to_my_classmates_or_teachers_for_help.4advocatevt.拥护；提倡；主张n.C支持者；拥护者；提倡者经典例句The group does not advocate the use of violence.该团体不支持使用暴力。(1)advocate that .主张It is advocated that . 主张/提倡advocate doing 主张做(2)advocacy n U (对思想、行动方针、信念的)拥护Some people advocate
17、d that China (should) take action to solve the event of Huangyan Island.一些人主张中国应采取行动来解决黄岩岛事件。Many experts advocated rewarding the children for good behavior.很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。名师指津advocate后不跟不定式，跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should)do”。The report advocated that all buildings (should) be fitted with smoke de
18、tectors.报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。.单句改错 He advocates to reduce military spending. to_reducereducingThey advocated that everyone donated some money to the earthquakestricken area._donated(should)_donate.一句多译人们主张一周进行一次“谈话日”。1 People_advocate_having_a_“chat_day”_once_a_week.2 It_is_advocated_that_people_(sho
19、uld)_have_a_“chat_day”_once_a_week.5substitutev替换；用替换 nC代替物；代用品；代替者教材原句 After all, theres no substitute for our Earth.毕竟，没有任何东西可代替地球。(1)a substitute for sb./sth. 某人/某物的代替品(2)substitute A for B substitute B with/by A 用A代替Bsubstitute for 代替substitute as 代替做工作 She is seeking a substitute for the very m
20、an whose departure made her cry.那个男人的离去令她伤心痛哭，她正想找一个人填补内心的空缺。We substitute the red balls for the blue ones, to see if the baby would notice.We substitute the blue balls with/by the red ones, to see if the baby would notice.我们用红色球代替蓝色球，看是否能够引起宝宝的注意。名师指津substitute与replace的区别(1)在含义上，substitute强调“代替，顶替”
21、，而replace强调“替换，更换”，即把旧的或坏的东西更换成新的。(2)在句型结构上，substitute A for B表示“用A代替B”(使用A)，replace A with/by B表示“用B替换A”(使用B)。.选词填空(substitute/replace)The driver replaced the wornout tires with/by new ones.If you cannot go yourself, please find someone to substitute for you.一句多译他们正在用暴力取代对话。1 They_were_substituting
22、_violence_for_dialogue.2 They_were_replacing_dialogue_with_violence.6threatenvt.威胁；恐吓 教材原句They threatened to close our credit lines if we dont reduce the amount of carbon dioxide we produce.如果我们不降低二氧化碳的排放数量，他们威胁说将取消我们的信用额度。(1)threaten sb.with .用威胁某人threaten to do . 威胁做(2)threat n. 威胁，恐吓a threat to s
23、b./sth. 对某人或某事的威胁make a threat 威胁，恐吓The terrorists are threatening to blow up the hijacked airliner. 恐怖分子扬言要炸毁劫持的客机。Will a rising China become a threat to western interests?崛起的中国会对西方利益有威胁吗？.单句语法填空 He said army officers had threatened to_destroy (destroy) the town. The people fear not death, why thre
24、aten them with it.Schools are right to expel students who pose a threat to others.句式升级He was threatened by terrorists and didnt dare to vote for the president.Threatened_by_terrorists,_he_didnt_dare_to_vote_for_the_president. (用过去分词短语作状语)7meansnC方式；方法；工具高考佳句 (2015湖南高考完形)As an inexperienced teacher,
25、I tried every means to get them to be quiet, but in vain.作为一名没有经验的教师，我用了各种方法使他们安静下来，但是都没用。by means of 用办法；借助by this/that means 用这种/那种方法by all means 当然可以；务必；无论如何；不惜一切地；千方百计地by any means (口)用一切可能的方法或手段by no means 决不，一点也不If your late grandmother gave you a present as a child by all means, keep it to pr
26、eserve her memory.如果小的时候，已故的奶奶送给了你一件礼物，无论如何也要好好保存来缅怀逝者。She is by no means poor; in fact, shes quite rich.她一点都不穷， 事实上，她很富有的。名师指津(1)当means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，单复数同形。means作主语且有every, each, one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some, several, many, few等词修饰时谓语动词用复数。(2)by no means放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。.用means的相关短语填空 This is by_no_means the
27、 first time you have been late.This plan must be realized by_all_meansTheyve even set up website to collect views by_means_of a survey.Only by_this/that_means can you solve the problem.单句写作而且，惩罚绝不是帮助他们身心健康成长的明智选择。Furthermore,_punishment_is_by_no_means_a_wise_choice_to_help_them_grow_up_mentally_and_
28、physically.8adoptvt.收养；采用；采纳高考佳句(2015广东高考阅读D)In recent years, however, young upper middleclass people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins.但是，在最近几年，伦敦中上阶层的年轻人为了掩盖他们的阶级出身，开始采用地方方言。(1)adopt an approach/a strategy/a policy采用一种方法/战略/政策(2)adoption n.
29、U采纳；CU收养(3)adopted adj. 被收养的；被采纳的adoptive adj. 采用的；有收养关系的The senator urged against the adoption of the measure.那位参议员极力反对采取这项措施。He is my adopted son and Im his adoptive father.他是我的养子，我是他的养父。名师指津adopt与adapt词形相近，但意思不同：adopt“采纳；采用；收养”；adapt“适应；改编；改写”，常用搭配是adapt (oneself) to，表示“适应”。He couldnt adapt his w
30、ay of life to the company.他的生活方式无法适应公司的要求。.用adopt，adapt及其相关短语的适当形式填空The boy they adopted last year adapted_to the life here soon.They adopted a new way to educate him.This is not adapted_from a book but a true story.句式升级After he adopted a new way, the problem was solved. With_a_new_way_adopted,_the_
31、problem_was_solved. (with复合宾语) Having_adopted_a_new_way,_he_solved_the_problem. (现在分词短语作状语)9considerateadj.想得周到的，体贴的高考佳句(2015福建高考单选)It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.怕我们着急，迈克尔通知我们他的延期，他想的真周到。(1)consider v 考虑；认为；把看作considern./doing . 考虑某事/考虑做consider sb./s
32、th. (to be/as) . 认为某人(事)；把当作consider itadj./n.to do . 认为做某事(2)consideration n 考虑；体谅take .into consideration 考虑到；顾及under consideration 在考虑中(3)considering prep. 考虑到，鉴于considerable adj. 大量的The children consider the computer to be of great help, while parents consider limiting the use of it because of t
33、he unhealthy information and games on the Internet.孩子们认为电脑是非常有帮助的，而由于网上的不健康的信息及游戏，父母们却考虑限制电脑的使用。My daughter is taking it into consideration to buy a digital camera, which is considered to be a great help to her work.我女儿正在考虑买一部数码相机，她认为相机对她的工作帮助很大。Considering what she has done for us, we consider her
34、to be/as a very considerate person.鉴于她为我们所做的一切，我们认为她是一个很体贴的人。.单句语法填空(2016厦门市高三测试)Chinas new “Belt and Road” strategy has considerable (consider) potential to create positive benefits.Womens Day is around the corner, and Im considering buying (buy) a gift for Mum, one that is to her taste.Considering
35、 (consider) your salary, you should put aside at least 100 dollars a week.Everything taken (take) into consideration, they believed themselves more qualified for the job.句式升级He took all the aspects into consideration and designed a good pattern.Taking_all_the_aspects_into_consideration,_he_designed_
36、a_good_pattern. (现在分词短语作状语)All_the_aspects_taken_into_consideration,_he_designed_a_good_pattern. (独立主格)He_considered_all_the_aspects_and_designed_a_good_pattern. (consider)10lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向 高考佳句(2015安徽高考任务型读写)So, how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job? 那么，你怎么做才可以让闲谈带来新的友谊或工作
37、？lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事lead/live a .life 过样的生活lead the way 引路；带路This has led scientists to think out other solutions to the problem.这就使得科学家想出其他解决问题的方法。He decided to lead a new life after the unusual experience.这次不平常的经历过后，他决定过一种新的生活。The receptionist led the way to the boardroom.接待员领路来到董事会会议室。名师指津
38、lead to 中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing形式。.单句语法填空The discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs being_caught (catch)Look over there theres a very long, winding path leading (lead) to the house.In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to_practise (practise) speaking English in an in
39、teresting way.根据提示完成小片段他带路，把我们领到了西藏的一个小村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。He led_the_way,_and led_us_to a village in Tibet, where we found the local people leading_a_happy_life11all in all总而言之；总的来说经典例句All in all, I think youve done very well.总之，我认为你做得很好。above all 最重要的是；首先at all (常用于否定句和条件从句中以加强语气)根本；全然；无论如何；一点儿i
40、n all 总共after all 毕竟；终究；到底for/with all 尽管To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, above all, honest.要想伟大，你必须聪明、有信心，最重要的是要诚实。Why are you so anxious? It isnt your problem after all.你为什么那么着急？那毕竟不是你的问题。.用all的相关短语填空Children need many things; above_all,_they need love from their parents.In_all,_24
41、people were found guilty.No matter how old you get, theres always something new to learn about. After_all,_life is full of surprises.To try and fail is better than not to try at_all.根据汉语提示完成小片段你根本不该责备那个男孩。他毕竟还是一个孩子。最重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。You should not have scolded the boy at_all. He is a child after_all.
42、Above_all,_he made only two mistakes in_all. 12refer to涉及；谈到；参考；查阅；关于；提及 高考佳句(2013陕西高考阅读C)Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.权力是指一个人对其他人的控制程度。(1)refer to . as . 把称作refer . to . 把提交给(以求获得帮助)(2)reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅in/with reference to 关于She always refers to Ben as
43、 that nice man.她总是称本为“那个大好人”。(2015天津高考阅读A)If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court. 如果收到书面通知后一个星期，宠物还没有弄走，这个学生将被提交给学生法庭。(2012江西高考单选)Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference.你最好记下那家餐馆的电话号码
44、，以备日后作参考。个性比较 refer to作“查阅”讲，后接词典或参考书等词 look up作“查阅”讲，后接被查找的东西 When I meet new words I dont know, I often refer to the dictionary. If you dont know a word, you can look it up in a dictionary, too. .写出下列句中refer to的含义If you dont know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.查阅You
45、r notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.参考We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及.完成句子The case was referred_to the court of Appeal.这个案子被送交到上诉法院。I have nothing to say with/in_reference_to that incident.关于那次事件，我无可奉告。常考保分型词汇自主练会1co
46、ndemnvt.责备，谴责；定(某人)罪，判(某人)罪练习完成句子He was condemned for_abandoning his wife. 他因为遗弃妻子而遭到谴责。 He was_condemned_to_death for theft.他因盗窃被判处死刑。condemn sb. for . “因谴责某人”。condemn sb. to death“判处某人死刑”，相当于sentence sb. to death。 2sum up总结；归纳；概括练习用sum的相关短语完成句子Now sum_up (总结，概括) your views in a few words.They pres
47、ented a_large_sum_of_money (大量的钱) to the college.In_sum/In_summary (简而言之), things are going well for China.sum up “总结，概括”；a large sum of“大量的”；in sumin summary“简而言之，总的来说”。 3claimn&v.要求；主张；声称练习完成句子Two young girls claim_to_have_seen (声称见过) the fairies.He can give you some directions on how to make_a_cl
48、aim_for (要求) travel insurance.claim to do .“声称做”，claim为动词；make a claim for .“要求”，claim为名词。 4relevantadj.有关的，切题的练习介词填空(2016湖北孝感高中质检)At the end of the day we can gather our guests to enjoy fine wine.You seem to be getting off the point. How is that relevant to the discussion?be relevant to .“与相关”，rele
49、vant要与介词to搭配。 5seizevt.抓住；捉住；夺练习完成句子Before he could run away, she seized_him_by_the_collar在他逃跑之前，她抓住了他的衣领。We should seize_the_opportunity_to_work_hard to achieve our goal. 现在，我们应抓住机会努力实现我们的目标。seize sb. by the . “抓住某人的”。 6on behalf of代表练习完成句子The president cant be here today, so Im going to speak_on_b
50、ehalf_of_him (代表他发言)on behalf of sb.on sb.s behalf“代表某人”。 1Given_this_data,_it_seems_that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.考虑到这一数据，看来人类活动与全球温度升高之间的联系不仅仅是巧合。(1)本句中的given this data不是过去分词，而是介词短语作状语，given意为“考虑到，鉴于”，表示原因；还可以表示假设，意为“倘若；假定”。Given
51、the present conditions, I think she has done rather well.考虑到目前的条件，我认为她已做得相当出色了。Given the chance, Ill do it again.如果有机会，我会再做一次。Given that he supports us, well win the election.如果他支持我们，我们就会赢得选举。(2)“It seems that .”是一个常用句式，其中it是形式主语， that引导主语从句，意为“好像”，从句用陈述语气。It seems (to me) that this is his most impo
52、rtant novel.我觉得这好像是他最重要的小说。(3)seem的其他用法：It seems as if/though .“看上去好像”，从句可用虚拟语气也可用陈述语气。It seems as if/though everybody else knew about it except me.看上去好像除了我之外每个人都知道此事。“Thereseems to be名词”，其中to be可省略，意为“好像有”。There seems (to be) lots of things to learn in the work.看起来在工作当中还有很多需要学习的东西。“主语seem不定式”，此时要注意
53、不定式时态和语态的变化。seemto do/to have done/to be doing，意为“好像要做/已经做了/正在做”。He seemed to have forgotten my name.他似乎已经忘了我的名字。“主语seem(to be)表语”，表语多为名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等，用来说明主语的特征或状态，意为“好像”。Susan seems (to be) a very sensible person.苏珊看上去像是个非常明智的人。.单句改错Giving his age, he has done very well.GivingGivenThat affected me
54、and it seemed that as if it had happened only yesterday.去掉第二个thatThe boss seems thinking highly of you and you may be promoted soon.thinkingto_think.句型转换If there is no traffic delay, I will be here on time.Given that there is no traffic delay, I will be here on time.The young man seemed to have chan
55、ged much.It seemed that the young man had changed much.It seems that things are going from bad to worse nowadays.Things seem to be going from bad to worse nowadays.2The_last_few_years_have_seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.近年来一些环境灾难大面积地出现，专家们
56、预测更坏的局面即将来临。(1)句中the last few years作主语，see作谓语，意为“经历；目睹”，这种拟人修辞手法表达既简练又生动。The twentieth century saw two world wars.20世纪目睹了两次世界大战。(2)拟人修辞手法把事物人格化，使本来不具备人的动作和感情的一些动、植物变得像人一样能说能笑。英语中使用拟人修辞手法的句子，主语通常是表示时间、地点或心爱之物的名词，如车、船等；谓语动词常为see, witness, find, make, bring, cause, give等。March 1940 found me working in
57、a small constructional firm.1940年3月，我在一家小型建筑公司工作。Another hours ride will bring us to the foot of the hill.驱车再往前一小时，我们就可以到达山脚下了。.句式升级：用拟人修辞手法改写句子She was so excited at the film that she decided to watch it again.The_film_excited_her_so_much_that_she_decided_to_watch_it_again.Great changes have taken p
58、lace in our hometown since the reform and opening policies started.Our_hometown_has_seen/witnessed_great_changes_since_the_reform_and_opening_policies_started.完成句子Careful_comparison_of_them_will_show you the difference.你只要仔细比较一下，就会发现不同之处。The_sight_and_sound_of_our_jet_planes_filled me with special l
59、onging.看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。单元基础落实练.用所给词的适当形式填空1There is a narrow road leading (lead) to the old house.2A new building is being_constructed (construct) now. It will be used as our new classrooms.3The world is changeable,_and everything is changing(change)4After a long separation,_they both live
60、d a separate life and in the end they separated peacefully.(separate)5(2016成都诊断)He is so considerate a man that has not only considered his own affairs but also taken mine into consideration(consider) .单句改错1They advocate that everyone lives a lowcarbon life. lives(should)_live2“Its such a nice place
61、，” Mother said as she sat at the table reserving for customers.reservingreserved3(2016兰州质检)In the past few years thousands of films have produced all over the world.have后加been4Only by this/that mean can we master English.meanmeans5Pack ice around Iceland was becoming a threat with navigation.withto.
62、选词填空a number of, beyond (ones) control, look ahead, in turn, refer to, take action, apart from, lie in, answer for, lead to1We will examine each of these methods in_turn to get a correct conclusion.2But one major change was beyond the museums control3Apart_from my immediate families, all of my relat
63、ives are in America.4You have to take_action and deal with problems as they arise.5A_number_of students would stay at home to have a rest rather than go for a picnic.6When we design this plan, we should look_ahead into the future.7He never referred_to his sisters in his letters.8Eating too much swee
64、t can lead_to teeth problems. So I advise you to eat less sweet.9He must be made to answer_for his terrible crimes.10Russias longterm interests lie_in closer integration with the west.完成句子1Without_your_help,_I_wouldnt_have_passed the test.没有你的帮助，我是不可能通过考试的。2Given_that_she_likes_children,_it_seems_th
65、at teaching is the right job for her.考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看起来是很适合她的工作。3October_1st,_1949_saw the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.1949年10月1日中华人民共和国成立。4There_have_been_great_changes in our school in recent years.近年来我们学校发生了巨大的变化。5Looking_ahead,_he decided to stick to his present job.展望未来，他决定坚持做目前的工作。6G
66、iven_their_inexperience,_the Chinese womens synchronized swimming team has done well.考虑到她们缺乏经验，中国女子花样游泳队已经做得很好了。7By_no_means_can teaching in school be separated from practice.学校教学决不能脱离实践。.课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It is reported that Earths climate is being changed and human beings
67、 will face global warming. Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earths temperature that/which,_in turn, leads to climate change. The global average temperature has_increased (increase) by 1 over the last 100 years because of human activities. If the situation continues (continue), we
68、are condemning life on Earth and should face terrible climate changes, serious diseases and bad effects on some industries as well as the rising (rise) sea levels. So how can we stop these disasters from happening? Governments all over the world have a responsibility to reduce the amount of carbon d
69、ioxide produced (produce) by their countries. Everyone can play his part/role by making small changes in his daily life.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文1上周一见证了来自自然保护区的一头狮子挣脱牢笼逃离动物园，此事引起了人们的恐慌。(see, reserve, break away from, flee, lead to, panic)2据说失去控制的狮子非常危险。 (beyond control)3鉴于人们的生命受到威胁，警方主张孩子们除了乘车上学外均须待在家
70、里。 (given that, threaten, advocate that, apart from)4最终，警方采用一位猎人的方法，把这头狮子困在了陷阱里。(adopt, means, trap)5要是没有这位猎人的帮助，这头狮子不会这么快被捉住。 (without, be caught)Last Monday saw a lion from the natural reserve broke away from its cage and fled the zoo, which led to a panic. The lion beyond control was believed to
71、be very dangerous. Given that peoples lives were threatened, the police advocated that children should stay at home apart from going to school by bus. At last, adopting a hunters means, the police trapped the lion in a trap. Without the hunters help, the lion couldnt have been caught so soon.高考题型提能练
72、.阅读理解AYou know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy (嫉妒)? For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your fri
73、endship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Dont let jealousy spoil your friendship. Deal with it confidently and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the p
74、roblem is, but if you want to save your friendship youll have to do just that. Dont approach them and ask why they are jealous of you unless of course you want to appear totally conceited (逞能的), just take some time alone with them and let them know that youve been feeling like theres been something
75、coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunities to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.When you figure out what is annoying your friend, ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make th
76、e situation better. If, for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesnt get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from the swim team then maybe you could invite him or her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remembe
77、r, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise. Dont limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.Even the best of friendships can be ruined by jealousy. This destr
78、uctive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise. If you cant, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you wont.语篇解读
79、：本文是关于人际关系的话题。尤其是青少年朋友之间会因为嫉妒而使相互间的友谊被破坏，本文着重讲述如何处理被朋友嫉妒及处理过程中可能遇到的困难。1According to the author, the jealousy emotion is _Anormal BproductiveCdestructive Dextreme解析：选C细节理解题。由第一段第二句“.that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.”可知。2What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 2?AHow to solve
80、the problem of jealousy.BWhy we need to solve the problem of jealousy.CHow to explain your jealousy to your friends.DWhy it is hard to deal with the problem of jealousy.解析：选A段落大意题。本段内容主要讲的是处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法，据此判断答案选A。3What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?ATheres always a solution to solve the
81、problem of jealousy.BJealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.CYou may lose a friend to keep your own gifts, chances or selfdevelopment.DYou should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution.解析：选C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句“Dont limit your own talents .that works out.”可知。4This passage is m
82、ainly intended for _Afemale readers BstudentsCteenagers Dbest friends解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.”中的关键词 teens可知答案是C。B(2016石家庄市教学检测)Pilates, yoga and the running machine
83、 get all the attention when it comes to popular ways to stay healthy. There is, however, a more humble exercise that might not be so attractive, but has all the benefits walking.Certified fitness professional Jolynn Jaekel explains, “What I love about walking is that anyone can do it at any age and
84、any fitness level. Plus, it is good for your heart, your head and your wallet.”A recent report details the health benefits of walking. The report found that walking regularly to fulfill the 150 minutes of moderate physical exercise every week, recommended by the UKs chief medical officer, could save
85、 37，000 lives each year. Scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running. They observed participants aged between 18 and 80 over a sixyear period and found that walking reduced the risk of
86、heart disease by 9.3%, while running reduced it by 4.5%. And there is even more good news: 30 minutes of quick walking over five days could help you sleep easily, according to research by Oregon State University. The study by the university showed that walking helped participants sleep better and fe
87、el more alert during the day.The sooner you get started, the sooner youll notice the differences in your mind and body. So, go out for your 30minute walk in a nearby park or green space.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了健康生活中的最简单有效的方式步行。5The underlined word “humble” in the first paragraph probably means “_”AplainB
88、relaxingCpopular Dactive解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，当提到保持健康的方式时首先可以想到普拉提、瑜伽和跑步机。然而，有一种不太引人注目的简单运动却让人受益匪浅，那就是步行。由此可推知，画线词和“plain”意义相近。故A项正确。6What does Jolynn Jaekel think of walking?AIts loved by people of all ages.BIts much healthier than running.CIts a moneysaving physical exercise.DIts becoming more and mo
89、re popular.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What I love about walking . your head and your wallet.”可知，步行对人的心脏和大脑都有好处并且可以省钱。故C项正确。7What did scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory find?AWalking helps people with sleep problems.BWalking contributes to curing heart disease.CWalking 150 minutes per we
90、ek can save lives.DWalking is better than running in some cases.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的“found that quick walking reduces the risk of heart disease more effectively than running”以及下文将步行和跑步从几个方面进行的对比来看，前者优于后者。故D项正确。8In which section of a newspaper can we read this text?AComment. BLifestyle.CEducation. D
91、Science.解析：选B文章出处题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了健康生活方式中的最简单有效的方式步行。由此可推知，可从报纸上介绍生活方式的版块读到该文章。故B项正确。.任务型阅读Benefits of summer camps for kidsSummer camps are great for children of all ages. If you went to a summer camp as a child, you are likely to have good memories of things you did and people you met. With more an
92、d more children sitting inside playing computer games, the importance of camps has never been greater. 1._Getting in touch with nature is an exciting experience. 2._ They will enjoy the experiences of camping, hiking and exploring in forests, deserts or on the seashore. They can also enjoy the beaut
93、y of nature and learn about the importance of environmental protection.Activities at summer camps stress the importance of teamwork. 3._ Throughout life, people have to be comfortable operating as part of a team in order to be successful. Summer camps teach kids how to be productive members of a tea
94、m.4_ Whether they are afraid of heights, water, the dark or being away from home, they are encouraged to face them and deal with them in an environment surrounded by supportive people. 5._ It is also a valuable life lesson that will help them through adulthood.Summer camps are perfect ways for kids
95、to have fun and develop themselves. So parents should try to find out what interests their kids, and choose the right camp for them.AKids can make friends there.BMany activities there are designed to stress it.CKids can learn about the natural world at camps.DSo kids gain courage and confidence by c
96、hallenging themselves.EIn fact, staying healthy is not the only benefit kids can get from it.FLearning to live on their own may be an extremely hard lesson for kids.GHaving the courage to face fears is another skill kids can learn at camps.答案：15ECBGD.完形填空(2016福建省质检)Shortly after I started out as a p
97、rofessional baseball player in the TriState League, I was fired. “Frank，” the manager said _1_， “whatever you do after you leave here, put some _2_ and enthusiasm into your work！” Well, that was the _3_ thing I expected him to say.A week later, _4_， I was introduced to the New Haven. My first day he
98、re will always _5_ in my memory as a great event in my life. No one knew me in the league, so I was _6_ to make myself the most enthusiastic ball player theyd ever seen. From the minute I _7_ on the field, I acted like a man electrified. And I acted as if I were alive with a million _8_. My biggest
99、thrill came the following morning _9_ I read in the New Haven newspaper: “This _10_ player, Frank, has a barrel (桶) of enthusiasm. He _11_ our boys. They looked better than at any time this season.” The newspaper began _12_ me the life of the team.Within two weeks, enthusiasm took me from $250 a mon
100、th to $1，850 a month it _13_ my income by 700 percent! Two years after that, I was _14_ third base for the St. Louis and multiplied my income by thirty times. Enthusiasm _15_ did it; nothing but enthusiasm.Enthusiasm is by far the highest paid _16_ on earth. It helps you become more successful, and
101、_17_ a healthier, richer and happier life. “To become enthusiastic act enthusiastically.” Put this rule into _18_ for thirty days and be prepared to see astonishing _19_. It may easily change your entire life. Can you acquire enthusiasm or must you be born _20_ it? Certainly you can acquire it! 语篇解读
102、：本文讲述的是一位职业垒球运动员的故事。退役后，他充满热情地投入到新的工作中，继续自己的事业，并获得成功。把热情付诸于行动就会见到令人惊讶的结果。1.A.carefullyB.casuallyC.quickly D.firmly解析：选D考查副词。carefully“仔细地”；casually“随便地，偶然地，临时地”；quickly“快速地”；firmly“坚定地，坚决地，坚固地”。根据上句：我被解雇了。可知经理坚定地说：你离开这里之后无论做什么，把一些活力和热情放进你的工作！故选D。2.A.curiosity B.life C.experience D.pleasure解析：选B考查名词。
103、curiosity“好奇心”；life“活力”；experience“经验”；pleasure“快乐”。句意：把一些活力和热情放进你的工作！故选B。3.A.proper B.otherC.last D.only解析：选C考查形容词。句意：那是我最不期盼他说的。故选C。4.A.meanwhile B.thereforeC.otherwise D.however解析：选D考查副词。meanwhile“与此同时”；therefore“因此”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”。句意：然而，一周后我被介绍去了the New Haven。故选D。5.A.give out B.keep u
104、pC.stand out D.look up解析：选C考查动词短语。give out“分布，放出”；keep up“保持高涨”；stand out“突出”；look up“向上看，查阅”。句意：作为我生活当中一件大的事情，在我记忆中我在这里的第一天是突出的。故选C。6.A.determined B.delightedC.excited D.moved解析：选A考查动词。句意：我下决心使我成为他们见过的最热情的棒球运动员。故选A。7.A.glanced B.appeared C.queued D.cheered解析：选B考查动词。句意：我从出现在场地的那一刻，就像一个带电的人。故选B。8.A.b
105、atteries B.machinesC.players D.balls解析：选A考查名词。句意：我表现得好像带着一百万电池，充满活力。故选A。9.A.till B.beforeC.when D.though解析：选C考查状语从句。句意：我最兴奋的是第二天早上，当我读报纸的时候。故选C。10.A.healthy B.popularC.familiar D.new解析：选D考查形容词。句意：这名新选手充满极大的热情。故选D。11.A.inspired B.satisfiedC.upset D.disappointed解析：选A考查动词。根据上句：这名新选手充满极大的热情。可知这里的意思是：他鼓舞
106、了我们男孩们。故选A。12.A.showing B.callingC.giving D.bringing解析：选B考查动词。句意：报纸开始把我称为团队的生命。故选B。13.A.included B.madeC.took D.increased 解析：选D考查动词。句意：我的收入增长了700%，故选D。 14.A.introducing B.leavingC.playing D.starting解析：选C考查动词。句意：我为圣路易斯打三垒并且我的收入增加了30倍。故选C。15.A.alone B.onceC.also D.indeed解析：选A考查副词。句意：只有热情做到了它。故选A。16.A.
107、reputation B.qualityC.theme D.profession解析：选B考查名词。reputation“名声”；quality“质量”；theme“主题”；profession“职业”。句意：热情是迄今为止地球上薪酬最高的品质。故选B。17.A.change B.enjoyC.spoil D.admire解析：选B考查动词。句意：它帮助你变得更加成功，享受更健康、更富有、更幸福的生活。故选B。18.A.field B.memoryC.action D.idea解析：选C考查名词。句意：把这种规则付诸于行动30天。故选C。19.A.efforts B.eventsC.facto
108、rs D.results解析：选D考查名词。句意：把这种规则付诸于行动30天，并准备看看令人惊讶的结果。故选D。20.A.with B.inC.without D.at 解析：选A考查介词。句意：你能获得热情吗？你生来就有热情吗？故选A。.短文改错 Nowadays Grade Three students are general faced with a lot of pressure, which is rather common. The followed suggestions may help reduce it. First of all, know exactly what le
109、ad to your pressure, and then you can take measures to deal with it. Secondly, set up a goal what is not too high, in another words, dont put too much pressure on yourself. Thirdly, finding a way to relax yourself occasionally. For example, you can listen to music, go swim or just simply go walking.
110、 Lastly, make friend with others, such as your classmates, your teachers, your parents. They will understand you and come to your help when you are really in the trouble. In the word, never get yourself stuck in the pressure for “impossible is nothing”. 答案： 第一句：generalgenerally 第二句：followedfollowing
111、 第三句：leadleads 第四句：whatwhich/that; anotherother 第五句：findingfind 第六句：swimswimming 第七句：friendfriends 第八句：去掉the第九句：第一个theaUnit 23Conflict 需写准记牢的单词记其形、明其义1justice n公正，正义2classify vt. 把分类3appoint vt. 任命，委任4ending n. 结局，结尾5greet vt. 问候，致意6remark vt. 说起，谈到7strengthen vt. (使)变强，加强8despite prep. 不管9intend vt
112、. 想要，打算10expense n. 费用，开支需举一反三的单词知其性、通其变1furnished adj.配有家具的furnish v在(房屋等)布置家具；提供2adolescent adj.青春期的 n青少年adolescence n青少年时期3possession n私有物品possess vt.拥有4security n安全secure adj.安全的5shoot vt.& vi.射击shot n射击，开枪6distribute vt.分发，分配distribution n分配；分布7consume vt.喝；消费，消耗consumer n消费者8liberation n解放libe
113、rate v解放需会读明义的单词识其形、知其义1betray vt.出卖，背叛2friction n. 不和，冲突3holy adj. 圣洁的4memorial n. 纪念碑5minister n. 部长，大臣6compromise n. 妥协，让步7immigration n. 移民入境8civilian n. 平民9prejudice n. 偏见10racial adj. 种族之间的11community n. 社区12expose vt. 使置身于危险中；暴露13departure n. 离开，离去14fortnight n. 两星期15antique n. 古董16statesman
114、n. 政治家17subscribe vi. 订阅(杂志或报纸)18union n. 联合会，工会19sculpture n. 雕刻，雕塑20commercial n. (电视)广告21nutrition n. 营养22compass n. 指南针，罗盘23allowance n. 零用钱；津贴24criticise vt. 批评25contradict vt. 反驳，纠正26slavery n. 奴隶制度27weep vt.& vi. 哭泣，流泪28unconscious adj. 失去知觉的29frontier n. 边境，边界30representative n. 代表31surgeon
115、n. 外科医生32sob vi. 抽泣，呜咽33swear vi. 发誓34acquaintance n. 相识的人35handful n. 少数，一些36firework n. 烟火，烟花37import vt. 进口38sponsor vt. 赞助39stable adj. 稳固的40draft vt. 起草41unfit adj. 不健壮的42arbitrary adj. 任意的43theoretical adj. 理论的1hand_over 把交给2bid_._goodbye 向告别3in_a_flash 瞬间，即刻4stand_up_for 保护，维护5put_forward 提议，
116、提出6from_then_on 从那时起，以后7send_for 派人去叫8look_down_on/upon 看不起9come_about 发生10sort_out 解决(问题或困难)1教材原句Yang Mings neighbours say they were being driven mad being_exposed_to such noise.杨明的邻居说，面对这样的噪音快让他们发疯了。句式解读being exposed to .为分词短语，在句中作原因状语。2教材原句Had_they_known_ their neighbour was a drummer, they would
117、nt have moved into the building.如果他们知道他们的邻居是个鼓手的话，他们就不会搬进这座楼里了。句式解读Had they known .相当于If they had known .，为省略了if的虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句中有had, should, were时，可以将if去掉，然后把had, should, were提到主语前面。3教材原句No_sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep.他们刚搬过去，噪音就开始了，几乎没有睡过一个
118、囫囵觉。句式解读no sooner .than .“一就”， no sooner放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。重难抢分型词汇合作学会1exposevt.使置身于危险中；暴露；揭露；使曝光；使接触(新事物)高考佳句(2015四川高考阅读D)And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.并且鸟儿在夜间接受的灯光越多，它们就越活跃。(1)expose .to .使暴露于/面临/接触expose sb.to . 让某人接触；使某人暴露于expose sb. as . 揭露某人为(2)exposed
119、adj. 无遮蔽的；不挡风雨的；易受攻击的(be) exposed to 暴露于(3)exposure n. 暴露，揭露；报道；曝光We can expose our children to the best values we have found. 我们能够让孩子接受我们所发现的最佳价值观Klaus von Bulow was exposed as a liar and a cheat.据透露，克劳斯冯布洛是一个说谎者和骗子。They had not been exposed to most diseases common to urban populations.城市人口中多数常见的疾病
120、他们都没有接触到。There is a direct correlation between exposure to the sun and skin cancer.皮肤暴露在太阳下与皮肤癌直接相关。.用expose的适当形式填空Being_exposed to the sun too much is bad for your skin.The girl hid herself behind the curtain, leaving her feet exposedOnly by exposing the previously hidden problems will the company
121、run smoothly.句式升级He was exposed to nuclear radiation and fell ill.Exposed_to_nuclear_radiation,_he_fell_ill. (用过去分词短语作状语)Exposing_himself_to_nuclear_radiation,_he_fell_ill.(用现在分词短语作状语)2appoint vt.约定；指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委任高考佳句(2015重庆高考写作)Im writing to apply for “wild release”， in which you can put the book
122、s in the appointed place, and other participants can have free access to them. 我写信是想申请“自由分享”活动，在这项活动中你可以把书放在指定位置，其他参与者自由获取。(1)appoint sb.as/to be .任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointment n. 任命；约会make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会keep/break an appointment
123、守/违约They appointed him as/to be captain of the English team.他们任命他为英格兰队队长。We are considering appointing him to act as secretary.我们在考虑指定他当秘书。I left early because I had an appointment later that day.因为那天晚些时候我有个约会，就早点离开了。.单句语法填空(2013北京高考单选)I have an appointment (appoint) with Dr. Smith, but I need to ch
124、ange it. Yesterday, Sam was_appointed (appoint) manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.I have made an appointment with Doctor Smith.单句写作我被指定来负责(take charge of)安排(arrange)那一天的所有活动。I_was_appointed_to_take_charge_of_arranging_all_the_activities_on_that_day.3possessionn拥有；占有；
125、(pl.) 个人财产高考佳句(2015安徽高考完形)We need to repair our possessions instead of throwing them away.我们需要修理我们的财物，而不是扔掉它们。 (1)(sb.) in possession of sth.(某人)拥有/占有某物(sth.) in the possession of sb. (sth.) in ones possession (某物)为某人所有have/take possession of 拥有；占有(2)possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配be possessed of 具有；拥有(2016南昌市
126、高三模拟)As the only child, Jack was in possession of all the belongings after his parents died.作为独生子，杰克在他父母死后拥有了所有财产。(2016西安三校高三联考)My friend, Bob, takes possession of most of the companys shares, and the rest are in the possession of other workers.我的朋友 Bob 拥有公司大多数股份，剩余的都由其他的员工持有。You cant possess the ho
127、use until all the papers have been signed.直到所有文件都签订后，你才能拥有这所房子。名师指津in possession of表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有”；in the possession of表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“被占有”。 与之用法类似的常见单词还有：.单句语法填空My most valuable possessions (possess) are my relations with my neighbors.(2016南京市高三模拟)The white building, having survived threats to
128、pull it down, is now a private house in the possession of a retired professor.Ma Yun has possession of great wealth and has become the wealthiest in China.一句多译这幅油画由一位私人收藏家所有。1 The oil painting is in the possession of a private collector.2 A private collector is in possession of the oil painting.3 A
129、private collector takes/has possession of the oil painting.4remark nC评论，意见vi.& vt.评论，谈论 经典例句A local newspaper remarked that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law.一家地方报纸评论说由于强有力的法律措施，车祸在减少。(1)make a remark on/about 就发表意见；对评头论足(2)remark that . 谈论remark on/upon 对发表评论/看法(3)remarkabl
130、e adj. 非凡的；显著的be remarkable for be known/famous for 以著称He made no remark about the traffic accident.他对这次交通事故不予评论。Some western newspapers have been remarking on the civil war of that country.一些西方报纸近来一直对那个国家的内战作评论。His drawings are remarkable for their accuracy.他的画以精细著称。.用remark的适当形式及相关短语填空The scientis
131、t remarked_that he had found a remarkable way, but others made_no_remark_about/on it.Many people remark_on/about West Lake, which is_remarkable_for beautiful scenery.一句多译对别人的相貌评头论足是没有礼貌的。1 Its impolite to make_a_remark_on the appearance of others.(remark n)2 Its impolite to remark_upon the appearanc
132、e of others.(remark v)5distribute v分发；分配；散布高考佳句(2013江苏高考阅读B)Some goods we distribute by merit, others by need, still others by chance.一些货物是按功绩分配的，另外一些是按需求，还有一些是偶然分配的。(1)distribute sth.to/among sb.把某物分配给某人； 在某人中进行分配distribute .into 把分组distribute . over 把分配到/散布于(2)distribution n. 分发；分配；散布distribution
133、of . 的分发/分配distributor n C 分配者，销售者In the move most of the furniture was left to the neighbors or distributed to/among friends.大部分家具在搬家的时候都留给了邻居或送给了朋友。Pines have a very wide distribution in our country.在我们国家松树分布很广。.单句语法填空This species of butterfly is widely distributed over our country.The conference
134、discussed the fair distribution (distribute) of income and wealth.翻译句子数以千计的士兵正在给难民们分发食物和毯子。Thousands_of_soldiers_are_working_to_distribute_food_and_blankets_to/among_the_refugees.必须找到一个更好的办法来平均分配资源。A_much_better_way_must_be_found_to_achieve_an_equal_distribution_of_the_resources.6intendvt.计划；打算 高考佳句
135、(2015福建高考阅读C)The advertisement is intended for students of all ages.该广告针对的是所有年龄的学生。(1)intend doing/to do sth. 打算做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth.本来打算做某事intend that . (should) do sth. 打算；主张be intended to do sth./for sth./sb. 专门为；专门给(2)with an/the inte
136、ntion of 抱有的目的；打算have no intention to do sth./of doing sth. 无意做某事(2014江苏高考阅读B)Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium.假设你想要去看一场足球赛，但票价很贵并且你到体育馆来回需要花两个小时。They had intended to go into the country for t
137、he day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.他们本来打算那天到乡下去，但听说交通拥堵就推迟了。The school being built at present is said to be intended for the disabled children.据说正在建设的学校是为残疾儿童设立的。He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa.他离开英格兰，打算去非洲旅行。.单句语法填空I had_intended (intend) to catch the ear
138、ly train, but I didnt get up in time.I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was_intended (intend) for women in the countryside.I intend using/to_use (use) the report as evidence to support my case.I have no intention (intend) of going to the wedding.单句写作(2013天津高考书面表达)为了提高我们的英语水平，让更多的学生对
139、英语感兴趣，我打算在学校组织一些活动。To improve our English and get more students interested in English, I intend_to_organize_some_activities_at_school7expensenC花费；费用；开支高考佳句(2013北京高考阅读A)If you are not totally satisfied, return it at our expense and your money will be given back to you.如果你们并不完全满意，可以退货，运费由我们来承担，然后把钱退给你
140、们。at ones expense at the expense of sb.由某人付账；花某人的钱at the expense of 以为代价；牺牲at any expense at any cost 不管花多少钱；不管牺牲多大spare no expense 不惜花费；不惜代价free of expense 免费He delivers for his own tribe, at the expense of the others.他为了自己的部落施行(纲政)，而牺牲其他部落的利益。He spared no expense to buy the big house.他不惜花费巨资购买这座大房
141、子。.用expense的相关短语填空Well spare_no_expense to protect our surroundings.He finished the job at_the_expense_of his health.Within five years, any nonintentional damage will be repaired free_of_expense.完成句子We were taken out for a meal at_the_companys_expense公司出钱宴请我们外出就餐。Americans today count on their publi
142、c school to be free_of_expense and open to all.今天的美国人都确知，他们的公立学校是免费的，是向所有人开放的。8call on要求；号召；拜访经典例句I now call on the chairman to address the meeting.现在请主席向大会致辞。call for 需要call at 拜访某地call up 给打电话；征召入伍；使回忆起call on sb.to do . 号召某人做call off 取消call out 大声地说；召唤某人call in 叫某人进来call back 回电话；再打电话This sort of
143、 work calls for a lot of patience.这种工作需要极大的耐心。They have called off their engagement.他们已经解除婚约。Trouble can call out a persons best qualities.逆境可以激发一个人的优秀品质。Call in an architect or surveyor to oversee the work.找个建筑师或监理员来监工。联想发散英语中，表示正式“拜访某人、某地”分别用call_on_sb.,_call_at_a_place；表示顺便“拜访某人、某地”分别用 drop_in_on
144、_sb.,_drop_in_at_a_place。.选词填空(call on/call off/call up)The picnic was called_off because of the rain.The government calls_on the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.These pictures call_up memories of those beautiful days when they stayed in Hainan.翻译句子I had intended to make an appointment with
145、Professor Smith and call on him, but I was too busy.我本来打算与史密斯教授预约并拜访他的，_但是我太忙了。9look into调查；观察教材原句 And we will look into the subject of compensating you for your injury.我们将调查对你的伤害赔偿问题。look about/around 环顾；仔细观察；全面调查look down on/upon 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起look up 查阅look up to 尊敬；仰视look up from (在低头看某物时)抬头往上看look b
146、ack on/at 回顾look through 浏览；仔细查看look on . as . 把看作look out for 注意；留神I wasnt successful, so they looked down on/upon me.我一无所成，所以他们瞧不起我。Youre a popular girl, Grace, and a lot of the younger ones look up to you.你很受大家欢迎，格雷丝，很多比你小的女孩子都很崇拜你。.用look的相关短语填空He happened to be looking_through the medical book G
147、rays Anatomy at the time.When crossing the street, we should look_out_for cars.It should also look_into the possibilities of windgenerated electricity.翻译句子据报道，警察将很快调查这两名失踪儿童的案件。It_is_reported_that_the_police_will_soon_look_into_the_case_of_the_two_missing_children.如果你自己都瞧不起自己，没有人会瞧得起你。Nobody_will_lo
148、ok_up_to_you_if_you_look_down_upon_yourself.常考保分型词汇自主练会1classifyvt.编排，分类，归类练习介词填空The novel written by him is classified as a science fiction.The books are classified into several parts according to their contents.classify .as . “把归类为”；classify .into . “把分成”。 2betrayv出卖；泄露；背叛；显露出练习完成句子Never betray_th
149、e_secret_to (向泄露秘密) others, even your friends.She is terrified of saying something that would make her betray_herself (漏了自己的底)betray a secret to sb.“向某人泄露秘密”；betray oneself“暴露本来的面目，原形毕露”。 3hand over把移交，交出练习用hand的相关短语填空I wouldnt dare hand this project over to anyone else.Simply close your door until
150、you complete the task at_handHe handed_out the books to everyone in the class.This recipe has been handed_down through generations.Hand_in your papers before next Monday, Ill have a look.at hand “(时间或空间上)在手边，在附近，即将到来”(常与close, near等连用)；hand in “上交”；hand out“分发，颁发，施舍”；hand down “传给(后代)，把(某事物)传下去”。 4s
151、tand up for保护；维护；保卫；支持练习用stand的相关短语填空Dont let anyone hurt you. You should stand_up_for yourself.The plane has stood_up_to severe testing.stand up to“经受住；经得起；敢于面对”。 5subscribev订购，订阅；捐助，出资；签名练习写出句中subscribe to的含义As a successful businessman, he subscribes to a charity every year. 捐助I have subscribed to
152、 several magazines recently. 订阅 subscribe在不同的语境中有不同的含义，常跟to连用。 No_sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep.他们刚搬进去，噪音就开始了，几乎没有睡过一个囫囵觉。(1)no sooner . than .表示“一就；刚就”，主句常用过去完成时，than从句中常用一般过去时。当no sooner位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。No sooner had I left my house than it
153、began to rain.我刚离开家就下雨了。(2013上海高考)No sooner had she finished watching that programme about those extinct species, than she decided to join the Wildlife Conservation Organization.她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(2)类似句型：hardly/scarcely . when .意思是“一就；刚就”，主句常用过去完成时，when引导的从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒
154、装。He had hardly/scarcely finished his speech when the students started cheering.Hardly had he finished his speech when the students started cheering.他刚演讲完，同学们就开始喝起彩来。.单句改错He had no sooner returned when he bought a house.whenthan或no_soonerhardly/scarcelyNo sooner I had shut the door than I realized I
155、 had left my keys inside.I_hadhad_I.同义句改写No sooner had he returned home than he called me and asked about my work.1 He_had_no_sooner_returned_home_than_he_called_me_and_asked_about_my_work. (用正常语序)2 Hardly_had_he_returned_home_when_he_called_me_and_asked_about_my_work. (用hardly . when .倒装句)单元基础落实练.用
156、所给词的适当形式填空1Does this friendship strengthen (strong) me or weaken me?2If an alarm gives you that feeling of security (secure), then its worth carrying.3Since he is a representative of our company, what he says and what he does represent our company.(representative)4I had intended to help him but beca
157、use of what he said to me later, I had no intention of doing it.(intend)5Tom made an appointment with the manager and arrived at the appointed time.Later, he was appointed as a more important post.(appoint).单句改错1He is a man with a strong prejudice of products of this style.第一个ofagainst2(2016安徽黄山市七校联
158、考)This printer is of good quality. If it should break down within the first year, we would repair it in our expense.inat3Children exposing to difficult situations are better at handling those challenging tasks.exposingexposed4The old man intends that his son manages the company.managesmanage5She is
159、a person, who always looks down others.down后加upon/on.选词填空send for, give in, hand over, be exposed to, stand up for, put forward, keep off, hold out, call on, call in1The theory put_forward by these scientists is quite reasonable.2When you move out of the room, you should hand_over the key to me.3Two
160、 policemen have been called_in to help solve the problem.4Then may I call_on you at that time tomorrow to inform you to go to the party?5They held_out against enemy for six months.6Being_exposed_to the sun will make it dry quickly.7Some bread will keep_off hunger for a while.8He wanted to stand_up_f
161、or what he believed in.9The mother gave_in and bought a toy for her daughter.10So when I was sent_for,_I came without raising any objection.May I ask why you sent for me?.完成句子1Being_struck_by_the_heavy_storm,_they felt helpless.正受到大暴雨的袭击，他们感到很无助。2Had_they_taken_my_advice,_they would have succeeded.要
162、是他们采纳了我的建议，他们早就成功了。3No_sooner_had_we_arrived_at the station than the train left.我们刚到车站，火车就开走了。4Not until the motorbike looked almost new did_he_stop repairing and cleaning it.他把摩托车修补和擦洗得像新的一样才停下来。5(2016济南高三模拟)I dont mind her criticizing me, but it_is_how_she_does_it_that I object to.我不介意她批评我，但她批评我的方
163、式让我反对。6I think the region can sort_out its problems.我想该地区能解决自己的问题。7Only_in_this_way_can_you make progress in English.只有用这种方式你才能在英语上取得进步。8No wonder you have got a headache.You have_been_working in front of the computer too long.难怪你会头疼。你在电脑前工作的时间太久了。.课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Seldom
164、has drumming caused such conflict. Yang Mings neighbors say they were being_driven (drive) mad being exposed to such noise. Had they known their neighbor was a drummer, they wouldnt_have_moved (not move) into the building. No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a fu
165、ll nights sleep. Neither could they relax or read a book without plugging their ears. One neighbor also claims that Yang Ming is an alcoholic and was a bad influence on his adolescent son. In the end, the local council took action. “It was only after careful consideration that we gave Yang Ming a wa
166、rning，” a council member said. “Getting (get) enough sleep is important for peoples health and after such a chorus of complaints (complain), we had to take action.”.话题微写作根据提示， 利用本单元所学知识， 完成下面的小作文。1上周李先生家的一台电视机突然自燃，暴露了它低劣的质量。(in the possession of, catch fire, betray, quality)2事情一发生，李先生就要求商家派专业人员调查此事。
167、(no sooner . than, come about, call on, dealer, send for, look into)3李先生本打算把这台损坏的机器送交消费者协会并对此事予以曝光。(had intended to, hand . over, expose)4但是商家说这种事情很少发生并提出一个折中方案。(remark, seldom倒装， put forward, compromise)5最终，商家委派助手免费配送给李先生一台新电视。(appoint, at ones expense, distribute)Last week a TV set in the possessi
168、on of Mr.Li suddenly caught fire itself, betraying its bad quality. No sooner had the incident come about than Mr.Li called on the dealer to send for professionals to look into it.Mr. Li had intended to hand the damaged machine over to the Association of Consumers to expose it, but the dealer remark
169、ed that seldom had such an incident happened and put forward a compromise. At last, the dealer appointed his assistant to distribute a new TV set at their expense to Mr. Li.高考题型提能练.阅读理解AThe Japanese like parties.From ancient times, a party becomes enlivened (活泼) when someone starts singing and other
170、s keep applauding.Having such a custom, the Japanese can easily sing in front of others without feeling embarrassed.This seems to be one of the reasons that karaoke has been largely accepted in Japanese society.It is now widely recognized that the use of karaoke started at a snack bar in Kobe City,
171、one of the three biggest cities in Japan.It is said that when a guitarist could not come to perform at the bar due to illness, the owner of the bar prepared tapes of accompaniment recordings, and people enjoyed singing to the tapes.It was at that time that karaoke appeared.Holding a microphone and s
172、inging a song to the accompaniment of an “orchestra (管弦乐队)”， you can feel like a professional singer.For soldiers living in a stressful society, there is no other entertainment activity that can make them feel so refreshed.It is a typical way to relax for Japanese businessmen.They use it to take awa
173、y their stress after work.However, there is an obstacle to this: since most Japanese houses are still made of wood, it would be very annoying to the neighbors to sing into a microphone at night.Seizing upon the opportunity, businessmen created the karaoke box, a roadside facility containing karaoke
174、equipment.Karaoke boxes are soundproofed rooms, closed with a door, placed on roadsides where people can sing.The first “Karaoke box” was placed in a rice camp in the countryside in 1984.It was built from a converted freight car (改装的货运车)Now, the karaoke boom has even spread abroad and it has also be
175、en attracting the attention of the countries trying to improve their literacy rate (识字率) as a good educational tool.语篇解读：本文介绍了卡拉OK的起源和发展。1According to the text, we can learn that karaoke _Aoriginated from the biggest city of JapanBoriginated in the form of singing to tapesCcan help you achieve the l
176、evel of professional singersDfirst appeared in the army to relieve stress for soldiers解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段可知卡拉OK起源于日本三个大城市之一，Kobe的一间小零食店，这家小店因为吉他手生病不能演奏，店主就录制了吉他手的乐曲，歌手唱歌时播放录制的音乐，因此可知A项错误，B项正确。根据第三段“feel like a professional singer”可知卡拉OK让你的歌声听起来像专业歌手的歌声，并不能让你真正达到专业歌手水平，故排除C。文章第三段提到卡拉OK是士兵缓解压力的不二方式，但卡拉OK
177、并非诞生于军营，故排除D。2The underlined word “soundproofed” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “_”Arecording sounds repeatedlyBreceiving sound signalsCmaking sound more clearDstopping sound from being heard outside解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线单词前后语境可知由于日本的房子大都是木房子，隔音效果差，因此唱歌时会影响周围居民的生活，商人抓住这一商机发明了包厢，这是一种关闭门窗，置于路边的隔音效果较好的房子。
178、因此根据语境可以推断soundproofed意思是“隔音的”，故D项符合题意。3What can be inferred from the text?AKaraoke was started in a bar during a party.BA guitarist was the originator who brought the karaoke into being.CKaraoke was very common as a form of entertainment at home when it was born.DKaraoke is used as a way of educati
179、on in some countries.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句中的“attracting the attention of the countries trying to improve their literacy rate (识字率) as a good educational tool”可知D项正确。卡拉OK起源于一家小零食店，由于吉他手生病，店主想出了用录制音乐伴奏的法子，故推断A和B均错误。根据最后一段可知由于噪音大影响邻居，因此卡拉OK的发展受到限制，故推断C项错误。4What is the text mainly about?AWhat karaoke
180、boxes are like.BHow karaoke boxes were created.CThe origins and development of karaoke.DKaraoke becomes a popular form of entertainment.解析：选C主旨大意题。本文介绍了卡拉OK的起源和发展，故选C。B(2016淮北五校联考)This is the most exciting kayaking expedition (皮划艇探险) possible for beginner kayakers. You can expect to experience a who
181、le range of different conditions and scenery. This expedition is a total of 8.27 km in distance and it actually enters the streams in the North of Ubin and exits in the South.Three and a half kilometers of pure mangroves (红树林), makes this the longest pure mangrove kayaking expedition in Singapore. T
182、he distance spent inside the mangrove gives you the maximum opportunity to witness wildlife within the mangrove ecosystem. Come to experience the challenge of operating your kayak through the labyrinth (迷宫) of waterways and be amazed at the calm and quiet beauty of the wetlands. This last corner of
183、natural wilderness in Singapore is so inaccessible, that very, very few have ever experienced it which makes this a truly special program.Most Recent Traveler ReviewsTraveler A: Traveled from bottom to top of Singapore in rush hour traffic in order to get to Ubin for a 9：30 start only to find no gui
184、de there. Although, once he arrived, the guide was lovely offering a very knowledgeable tour and lots of enthusiasm around a beautiful part of the world our 6hour kayaking trip was actually over before 2：30 pm, despite only hitting the water at 12：00.Traveler B: The guides were nice, however the big
185、gest disappointment was the timing. We thought we were going for a 4hour kayak but were back in 2 hours and that included the prekayak safety talk. The mangroves are lovely but we were told that a storm was near. We felt that there had never been any intention of going out for longer.语篇解读：本文介绍了在新加坡，
186、3.5千米的红树林成为最长的纯红树林皮划艇探险之地。在导游的引领下，你会经历一系列的不同环境和风景。5What is special about the kayaking trip for travelers is that they _Ahave a good relaxation by kayakingBfeel the challenge of kayakingCenjoy the beauty of the wetlandsDexperience the wonder of mangroves解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Come to experience the chal
187、lenge of operating your kayak through the labyrinth (迷宫) of waterways and be amazed at the calm and quiet beauty of the wetlands.”通过迷宫来体验你操作kayak的挑战并对水路的平静的美感到惊奇。故选D。6Which of the following information is TRUE about the kayaking expedition?AThe time, distance and cost are referred to. BThe kayaking
188、trip starts at 9：30 am and ends at noon.CThe distance spent inside the mangrove is 3.5 kilometres.DThe mangrove wetlands of Ubin lie in the south of Singapore.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Three and a half kilometers of pure mangroves (红树林), makes this the longest pure mangrove kayaking expedition in Singapor
189、e.”在新加坡，3.5千米的红树林成为最长的纯红树林皮划艇探险之地。故选C。 7Which is the common point referred to by the two travelers?AThe unpleasant weather.BThe shortened distance.CThe lovely wildlife.DThe guides service.解析：选D推理判断题。根据Traveler A中“Although, once he arrived, the guide was lovely offering a very knowledgeable tour and
190、lots of enthusiasm around a beautiful part of the world”向导是可爱的，根据Traveler B中“The guides were nice”向导是不错的，可知这两个旅游者都提到了向导的服务。因此选D。 8What can we learn from the passage?AThe safety of the kayaking travelers is not well guaranteed.BThe ecosystem of Ubin nature reserve is well protected.CThe timing of the
191、 kayaking trip is satisfactory on the whole.DTravelers complaints may not be considered by the traveling company.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是“The distance spent inside the mangrove .the mangrove ecosystem.”可推知B正确。CEveryone looks forward to progress, whether in ones personal life or in the general society.P
192、rogress indicates a persons ability to change the way he is living at the moment.Progress must lead to a better life and a better way of doing things.All these, however, remain true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing th
193、ings.However, at the back of the minds of many people, especially those who miss the “good old days”， efficiency comes with a price.When communication becomes more efficient, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.The click of a button allow
194、s people miles apart to talk or see each other without even leaving their homes.With the communication gadgets,_such as mobile phones and iPads, people often do not take the effort to visit one another personally.A personal visit carries with it the additional feature of having to be in the persons
195、presence for as long as the visit lasts.We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.With efficiency also comes mass production.Such is the nature of factories and the success of industrialization today.Factories have improved efficiency.Unskillful tasks are left to machines
196、 and products are better made and produced with greater accuracy than any human hand could ever have done.However, with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal touch when making these products.For example, many handicrafts (手工艺品) are now produced in a factory.Although this
197、 means that supply is better able to increase demand, now that the supply is quick and efficient, the demand might fall because mass production lowers the quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs on each item.Nevertheless, we must not commit the mistake of analyzing progr
198、ess only from one point of view.In fact, progress has allowed tradition to keep up.It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state.New technology is required for old products to stay old.It is peoples attitude towards progres
199、s that causes the type of influence that technology has on society.Technology is flexible.There is no fixed way of making use of it.Everything depends on peoples attitude.The worst effects of progress will fall on those who are unable to rethink their attitudes and views of society.When we accept pr
200、ogress and adapt it to suit our needs, a new“past” is created.语篇解读：科技的进步给我们带来了便捷的同时，也有一定的弊端。是人们的态度决定着科技对社会的进步起推进作用还是阻挠作用。9The underlined word “gadgets” in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to “_”AtoolsBmessagesCbarriers Dskills解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第二段“such as mobile phones and iPads”可知gadgets为“工具”。10Compared wi
201、th homemade handicrafts, machinemade products _Alack great accuracyBlack the personal touchCare of high valueDare quite welcome解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段“However，with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal touch when making these products.”可知选B。11What can be learned about technolog
202、y from Paragraph 4?AIt can destroy old traditions.BIt can lead to social progress.CIt can be used to correct mistakes.DIt can be used to preserve old products.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第五段“It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state.”
203、可知选D。12What can be concluded from the last paragraph?AProgress can suit the needs of daily life.BPeople review the past with great regret.CTechnology should be introduced in a fixed way.DPeoples attitude decides the use of technology.解析：选D段落大意题。最后一段第一句“It is peoples attitude towards progress that ca
204、uses the type of influence that technology has on society.”是本段的主题句。.任务型阅读Christmas comes with its share of joys and celebrations but also comes with its share of headaches. One of the biggest problems that create stress for people during the Christmas season is the shopping. 1._Shopping onlineOnline
205、 shopping has become one of the easiest and most effective means of doing Christmas shopping. 2._ These are usually only online specials that act much like coupons (优惠券). There are almost always special promo codes that will reduce shopping payment or give a percentage discount.Begin the shopping ea
206、rly3_ The longer the shopping progress is given, the less stress it creates. Make time to go before the lastminute Christmas rushes. Lastminute shopping often causes a great deal of frustration and difficulty. Lastminute shopping often takes more time because there are fewer items left and it is dif
207、ficult for you to make a choice.Keep away from the crowdsThere are times when people are not regularly shopping that can open up opportunities for more stressfree shopping. Busier times mean larger crowds to fight, longer lines for checking out and more waiting in general. 4._ Shopping at less crowd
208、ed times makes the whole shopping experience much easier.Christmas shopping does not have to be the nightmare that many people dread (害怕). 5._ Take the time to plan out the shopping, avoid crowds and slow down to enjoy the experience.AMany shops are extending their hours and making it easier to shop
209、 with fewer crowds.BSearch for special promo codes.CBegin the progress of Christmas shopping early.DInstead, Christmas shopping can be an enjoyable experience.EWe can do the followings to help make our holiday season more peaceful.FOnline shopping helps keep away from the crowds.GIt is frightening i
210、f you dont plan it before.答案：15EBCAD.语法填空(2016南昌调研)Some inventions happen in strange ways. The potato chip is one of them.Moons Lake House was 1._ restaurant in New York in the 1850s. George Crum was the cook there. Many rich people often came to the restaurant 2._ (enjoy) his cooking.The thing 3._
211、really upset Crum was when a customer complained about the food and sent it back to the kitchen to be done over. He would often return it overcooked. He was happy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant 4._ (angry). On August 24, 1853, a customer returned his fried potatoes to the kitchen, 5.
212、_ they werent crunchy (脆的) enough.Crum reacted in his 6._ (usually) way. He cut the potatoes very thin and cooked them in hot oil. They were so crunchy and Crum was sure that the man would refuse 7._ (eat) them. Instead, the man loved them. He even asked for more.Now, do you know 8._ invented the po
213、tato chip? Its George Crum! He 9._ (late) set up his own restaurant. He named it Crums House. He put baskets of his potato chips on all the tables. They made his restaurant a very popular place.Today, potato chips are one of Americans 10._ (favor) foods!语篇解读：本文告诉我们薯条是怎么被发明出来的。1a考查冠词。restaurant是名词，此处
214、表示泛指，故用不定冠词a。2to enjoy考查非谓语动词。这里用动词不定式作目的状语，表示许多富人常常来这里吃他烹饪的饭菜。 3that/which考查定语从句。先行词为The thing，故应用that或which引导定语从句。4angrily考查副词。根据前面“walk out of the restaurant”可知，后面应用副词angrily修饰动词。5because考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示“因为油炸的薯条不够脆”，强调原因，故用because。6usual考查形容词。根据后面的名词way可知，此处应用形容词。7to eat考查动词不定式。refuse to do sth.“
215、拒绝做某事”。8who考查疑问词。根据后面“Its George Crum”可知，此处问的是谁发明了薯条。9later考查副词。根据后面的“set up”可知，这里应用later。10favorite考查形容词。根据后面的“foods”可知，这里需要用形容词，且表示“最喜欢的”。.书面表达(2016河北省邢台市摸底考试)假如你是李华，目前正在一所外国语学校读高中。最近一段时间你比较关注美国文化，尤其对美国的节日感兴趣。请你给你的美国网友Tom写一封电子邮件，询问他关于感恩节的一些情况。内容要点如下：1介绍自己的近况；2询问他关于感恩节的一些情况(起源、庆祝的时间和方式等)；3表示感谢。注意：1
216、.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。Dear Tom，Thanks for your email last time.Yours，Li Hua参考范文：Dear Tom，Thanks for your email last time. Id like to tell you that I am now focusing my attention on American culture, especially American festivals.When it comes to American festivals, what attract
217、s me most is Thanksgiving Day. Since I have never spent the festival in America in person, I know little about it. I would appreciate it greatly if you can tell me something about it. My questions are as follows: How did it come into being? When and how do people celebrate it? Whats its significance
218、?I hope you can give me assistance in this problem and thank you in advance.Best wishes!Yours，Li HuaUnit 24Society需写准记牢的单词记其形、明其义1voluntary adj. 自愿的2govern vt. 统治，管理3burden n. 重担，负担4resign vt.& vi. 辞职5delete vt. 删除6virtue n. 优点，长处7elect vt. 选举，推选8undertake vt. 着手做，从事9fine n. 罚款10abolish vt. 废除11more
219、over adv. 再者，此外 12furthermore adv. 此外，而且13consequently adv. 所以，因此需举一反三的单词知其性、通其变1homelessness n无家可归homeless adj.无家可归的2adjustment n调整，调节adjust vt.调整，调节3diverse adj.各种各样的diversity n多样性；差异4thirst n口渴thirsty adj.口渴的需会读明义的单词识其形、知其义1inequality n. 不平等2abortion n. 堕胎，人工流产3household n. 一个家庭4abundant adj. 大量的
220、5consumer n. 消费者6deposit vt.&vi. 存储，储蓄7currency n. 货币8accumulate v. 积累9ownership n. 所有权10rag n. 破旧衣服11vacant adj. 未住人的，空置的12pension n. 退休金，养老金13pregnant adj. 怀孕的14choke vi. 窒息，噎住15shrink vi. (使)收缩，缩小16leisure n. 闲暇，空闲17framework n. 结构，构架18feast n. 盛宴，宴会19surplus n. 盈余，剩余20merciful adj. 宽大的，仁慈的21coll
221、ision n. 相撞22fountain n. 喷泉，喷水池23paddle vi.&vt. 划水；涉水24wag vt. 摇摆，摆动25grocer n. 食品杂货商26poster n. 海报27skip vt. 跳过28edition n. 版本29fragrant adj. 有香味的30preservation n. 维护，保存31squeeze vt . 挤32container n. 容器33relay vt. 转达；传送34spoonful n. 一匙之量35robbery n. 抢劫36sentence n. 判决37revenge n. 复仇，报复38spiritual a
222、dj. 宗教的，教会的；精神的39prayer n. 祈祷，祷告40merchant n. 商人41suck vt. 含在嘴里吮食1come_into_being 形成，存在2wind_sb._up 故意惹恼(某人，尤指开玩笑)3show_off 炫耀，夸耀4knock_into_sb. 撞上某人5break_into 闯入6on_principle 根据原则7(be)_aimed_at 目标是；针对8clean_up 打扫干净9do_away_with 废除，消除1教材原句Id_rather_you_didnt_mention that.我宁愿你没有提及那一点。句式解读would rathe
223、r后跟从句时，从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。2教材原句What_if some married people have affairs?如果有些已婚人士有婚外情怎么办？句式解读what if是连词词组，意为“要是怎么办”，位于句首，引导条件状语从句。3教材原句They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made_it_easier_ to keep an eye on peoples movements.然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。句式解读
224、make it .为“make it形容词 to do .”结构，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式。4教材原句As a society, its_high_time_that_we_took these issues more seriously.作为整个社会来讲，到了我们应该更加认真地考虑这些问题的时候了。句式解读Its high time that sb. did sth.“到某人做某事的时候了”。重难抢分型词汇合作学会1abundant adj.大量的；丰盛的；充裕的高考佳句(2013四川高考书面表达)Thus, good learning habits can help u
225、s gain great learning results including high scores and abundant knowledge.因此，好的学习习惯可以帮助我们获得好的学习结果，包括高分数和大量的知识。(1)be abundant in ( be rich in) 富于，很丰富an abundant supply of 充足的供应(2)abundance nU 丰富in abundance 大量，富裕an abundance of 丰富的(3)abundantly adv. 丰富地，大量地；十分清楚地Birds are abundant in the tall vegeta
226、tion.高大的植被中有着大量的鸟类。There is an abundant supply of cheap labor.廉价劳动力供应充足。.用abundant的相关短语填空Our country is_abundant_in minerals.At the party there was food and drink in_abundance.一句多译这个国家自然资源丰富。1 This_country_is_abundant_in_natural_resources.2 This_country_is_rich_in_natural_resources.3 There_are_natur
227、al_resources_in_abundance_in_this_country.2burdennC(义务、责任等的)重担，负担 v(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)高考佳句(2013湖南高考单选)The university estimates that living expenses for international students are around $8，450 a year, which is a burden for some of them.这所大学估计，留学生的生活费用每年大约8 450美元左右，这对一些学生来说是一个负担。(1)bear/carry/ease/re
228、duce/share a burden 承受/担负/减轻/减少/分担重担a burden on/to sb. 加给某人的重担；某人的负担(2)burden sb./oneself with sth. 加负担于某人或自己be burdend with sth. 负重His invalid father is gradually becoming a burden on/to him.他父亲体弱多病，对他来说渐渐成了累赘。I dont want to burden you with my problems.我不想让我的问题给你增加负担。个性比较burden表示“负担，担子”，多为贬义load表示“
229、装载物，负荷，工作量”，也可指“思想上的负担，压力”.介词填空Her death will be an impossible burden on/to Paul.Nowadays peasants are no longer burdened with heavy taxation.句式升级He was burdened with endless paperwork, so he didnt have time to assist you.Burdened_with_endless_paperwork,_he_didnt_have_time_to_assist_you. (用过去分词短语作状语
230、)3vacant adj.空着的；无人用的；(职位)空缺的；茫然的；失神的教材原句Surely were still better off than those who wear rags and sleep on the streets or in vacant buildings .当然，我们比那些衣衫褴褛，睡在马路和空置的大楼里的人生活要好多了(1)a vacant seat空座a vacant expression/look 茫然的神情fall/become vacant 空出；空缺(2)vacancy n. (职位的)空缺，空职She has a vacant look.她脸上没有表
231、情。I was very happy the job fell vacant.我很高兴这份工作会空缺。名师指津(1)empty强调什么也没有，而vacant则强调没人占用。一个房间如果没有人居住，那是vacant；如果连家具也没有，那就是empty。(2) vacant喻指空缺或空虚麻木；empty喻指没有意义、没有价值和内容。.选词填空(vacant/empty)Please leave the front row of seats vacantThe roads were nearly empty of traffic.根据汉语提示完成小片段他脸色苍白，总是面无表情。除了吸烟、喝酒之外，空
232、余时间他无所事事。由此推断：他身体欠佳、精神空虚。 He is pale and is always wearing a_vacant_expression on his face. In_his_vacant_time,_he is always seen hanging about except smoking and drinking. Judging from all these, we can conclude that he is poor in health and vacant_in_mind4resignv辞职；放弃(权力等)；听从；顺从，甘心教材原句His boss ins
233、isted that he work longer hours so he resigned.他的老板坚持让他工作更长时间，因此他辞掉了工作。(1)resign ones job/post/position辞去工作/职务resign from . 从辞职resign as . 辞去职务resign . to . 把托付给 (2)resignation n. 辞职；辞呈hand in/offer ones resignation 递交辞呈You must resign yourselves to waiting a bit longer.你们得耐心地多等一小会儿。His father will
234、hand in his resignation.他的父亲将要递交辞呈。.单句语法填空We want you to reconsider your decision to resign from the board as chairman.They refused to resign themselves to defeat.Mr. Morgan has offered his resignation (resign) and it has been accepted.一句多译为了照顾生病的父亲，她辞去了委员会的职务。1 To look after her sick father she_res
235、igned_from_the_committee2 To look after her sick father she_resigned_as_a_member_of_the_committee5undertake v着手做；从事；承担；许诺高考佳句 (2015江苏高考阅读C) To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.要做到这一点，了解人们为什么从事志愿工作，为什么有兴趣做，应该对此有帮助。undert
236、aken./pron.承担undertake to do 着手做，答应做undertake that . 答应undertake for 为负责 I will undertake to feed your dogs while you are away.你不在家时我保证替你喂狗。Well undertake for your security while you are visiting our country.当你访问我们国家时，我们将保证你的安全。.单句语法填空He undertook to_contribute (contribute) 5，000 yuan.Who should und
237、ertake the responsibility for white pollution?.一句多译我不能保证你能获利。1 I_cant_undertake_you_can_make_a_profit.2 I_cant_guarantee_you_can_make_a_profit.3 I_cant_make_sure_you_can_make_a_profit.6sentence nC& v判决；宣判教材原句 I am totally against harder sentences on principle and really feel the death penalty should
238、 be abolished.原则上我完全反对更严厉的判决，而且的确认为应该废除死刑。(1)serve a/ones sentence服刑pass/announce/give sentence on/upon sb. 对某人判刑(2)sentence sb. to 给某人判刑；宣判某人罪刑The prisoner has served his sentence and will be released tomorrow.犯人已服刑期满，明天将释放。The judge sentenced the murderer to death.法官判处那个杀人犯死刑。.介词填空Before I pass se
239、ntence on you, have you anything to say for yourself?A former Fudan University student who killed his roommate by poisoning was sentenced to death.一句多译这位市长被法官判处终身监禁。1 The judge sentenced the mayor to a life imprisonment.2 The mayor was_sentenced_to a life imprisonment by the judge.7come into being形成
240、；开始存在；产生教材原句 If laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be required and there would certainly be diverse reactions.如果像这样的法律能够形成的话，社会将需要做巨大的调整，而且人们的反应也一定会各有不同。come into existence产生；存在come into force (法律、规章、制度等)实施，生效come into effect 生效come into office 就职come into use/service 开始使用co
241、me into sight/view 看见come into power 开始执政come into fashion 开始流行This decision，which aims to make all indoor public places smokefree, will come into effect from the first day of 2011.这个决定旨在使所有的室内公共区域都变成无烟区，从2011年第一天开始生效。After he came into power, the president delivered a wonderful speech.总统上台之后，发表了一篇精
242、彩的演说。名师指津come into being 为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态形式。.单句改错We dont know when this world was come into being.was_comecameModern English was coming into being from about the middle of 16th century.was_comingcame.句型转换If this method begins to be used, it will greatly increase our production.If this method comes in
243、to use,_it will greatly increase our production.The treaty existed in 1982 and it is still working.The treaty came into being in 1982 and it is still working.8show off炫耀经典例句 He actually enjoys his new hairstyle and has decided to start showing it off.实际上他很喜欢自己的新发型，决定要炫耀一番。(1)show .out领出去show .in 带或领
244、进来show .up 揭发show up 出席；到场show sb. around/round 领某人参观(2)on show ( on display) 在展出talk show 脱口秀He went sailing and did not show up for a long time.他航行去了，而且很长一段时间没有露面。She showed me around/round and introduced me to everybody.她领着我四处参观，将我介绍给每个人。.用show 的相关短语填空A police put some chemicals on the piece of p
245、aper and a line of words showed_upHe likes to show_off his abilities.You are to be shown_around/round the campus tomorrow.His paintings are on_show here this month.句式升级After we are shown around the Great Wall, we will visit the Bird Nest tomorrow.Shown_around_the_Great_Wall,_we_will_visit_the_Bird_N
246、est_tomorrow. (过去分词短语作状语)9knock into撞在上；遇上；把灌输给教材原句 There is a car accident there at least once a week and today I nearly knocked into somebody crossing the road!那儿一周至少有一次汽车交通事故，今天我几乎撞上了一个横穿马路的人！knock about/around漫游，闲逛knock over 撞倒；打倒；撞翻knock out (of) 打败；淘汰；敲出knock on/at the door 敲门knock down 撞倒；拆除k
247、nock off 减价；中断；停止He knocked about/around Africa when he was young.他年轻时曾在非洲四处游荡。Please knock on/at the door before you come in next time.下次在你进来之前请先敲门。A boy was knocked down by a passing car but fortunately he was unhurt.一个男孩被一辆路过的汽车撞倒了，幸运的是他没有受伤。名师指津knock into表示“撞上”时，相当于run into；表示“遇上”时，相当于come acros
248、s, run across, meet with或meet by chance。.用knock的相关短语填空England had been knocked_out_of the World Cup.We just want to go to Beijing, and knock_about/around for a few days.The shopkeeper agreed to knock 5 pounds off the price.He walked in the dark and knocked_into a tree.They were writing when Michael
249、knocked_at the door.一句多译在街上走的时候我遇到了一位老朋友。1 I_knocked_into_an_old_friend when I was walking in the street. (knock)2 I_came_across_an_old_friend when I was walking in the street. (come)3 I_met_with_an_old_friend when I was walking in the street. (meet)常考保分型词汇自主练会1voluntaryadj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的练习用voluntary的适
250、当形式填空He is still involved in voluntary work promoting local enterprise.Aunt Mary volunteered to clean up the kitchen.voluntary为形容词，volunteer为动词，volunteer to do“自愿做”。 2electv选举；推选；选择；决定做某事练习单句语法填空I wonder who they will elect as mayor.He has already stated his intention to run for election (elect)If p
251、laying his dirty game is the only way of winning an election (elect), Id rather lose.elect sb. as .“选举某人担任”；run for election“参加竞选”；win/lose an election“在选举中获胜/失败”。 3castvt.投下；选派；扮演角色练习完成句子Standing timidly before the teacher, the girl cast_down her eyes.小女孩拘谨地站在老师面前，垂下了目光。I cast_a_vote for the propos
252、al.对那项议案我投了赞成票。cast down“使沮丧，使下降”；cast a vote“投票”。 4keep an eye on留神，注意；留意；照看练习用eye的相关短语完成句子Please keep_an_eye_on (留意，照看) the stove in case the milk boils. He is fixing_his_eyes_on (注视) something outside the classroom.A postcard, a present from my grandfather, caught_his_eye (引起了他的注意) fix ones eyes
253、on/upon “注视，凝视(stare at)”；catch ones eye“引起某人注意；吸引某人的眼光”。 1What_if some married people have affairs? 如果有些已婚人士有婚外情怎么办呢？(1)What if .？此处意为“如果怎么办？”，可看作“What shall we /I do if .？”的省略形式。what if 用于提出假设，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或“should动词原形”)。What if he disagrees to leave Thailand?如果他不同意离开泰国怎么办？What i
254、f she found out that you lied to her?要是她发现你对她撒谎了怎么办？(2)What if .？还可意为“即使又有什么关系？”，此时可看作是“What does it matter if .？”的省略形式。What if he doesnt invite me to his birthday party?即使他不邀请我去参加他的生日聚会又有什么关系？(3)What if .？还可用于表示邀请或建议，意为“如果怎么样？”或“如果如何？”。What if we moved the sofa over there? Would that look better?要是
255、我们把沙发挪到那边去会怎样？看上去会不会好一些？.句型转换If I fall sick and cant be able to work, what shall I do?What if_I fall sick and cant be able to work?Shall we go out for a walk after supper?What if we go out for a walk after supper?.翻译句子同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？What_if_you_join_us_for_lunch?如果她发现你把她的书弄丢了怎么办？What_if_she_finds_out_t
256、hat_youve_lost_her_book?即使我这次失败了又怎样？What_if_I_fail_this_time?2. They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made_it_easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。make it easier是“make 宾语宾语补足语”结构，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to keep an eye o
257、n peoples movements。在“make 宾语宾语补足语”这一结构中，宾补可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式来充当。People in the West make it a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.西方国家的人常在圣诞节时给亲属和朋友购买礼物。Bill Gates Microsoft makes him a phenomenon in the business world.比尔盖茨的微软使他成为商界的一个奇才。The purpose of new technologies is
258、to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.新技术的目的是使生活变得更加容易，而不是变得更加困难。名师指津(1)在“make 宾语宾语补足语”结构中，当“独一无二的职位、头衔”的名词作补足语时，名词前无冠词。(2)在英语中，动词(短语)let, make, have, feel, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, hear等后要跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。.单句语法填空He spoke so clearly as to make himself understood (
259、understand)The boss made him work (work) 12 hours a day.New technologies have made it possible to_turn (turn) out new products faster and at a lower cost.Pedestrians, both old and young, should make it a habit to use overhead bridges. .句式升级No matter where he is, it is a rule for him to go for a walk
260、 before breakfast.No_matter_where_he_is,_he_makes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk_before_breakfast. (用“make 宾语宾语补足语”)单元基础落实练.用所给词的适当形式填空1(2016皖北协作体高三联考)His friends point out that he has already resigned (resign) one good role over the affair.2This involved the deletion (delete) of a great deal of irrelev
261、ant material.3If you are willing to do voluntary work, you can be a volunteer(voluntary)4She used to edit newspapers, and now she is the editor of a dictionary which is now in its sixth edition(edition)5The new governor is governing the state very well, which makes its government well received by pe
262、ople.(govern).单句改错1He failed all his attempts and now he has to resign his fate.resign_后加to2(2016泉州质检)He was elected (as/to be) the chairman of the Student Union at school.去掉第一个the3We had to break in the house because we had lost the key.ininto4Jack has just bought another new car; he must be very g
263、ood off.goodwell5Start with, we havent enough money, and secondly were too busy.StartTo_start.选词填空be burdened with, come into being, show off, break into, do away with, knock into, be aimed at, sentence to death, squeeze in, on principle 1They had to do_away_with some of the old laws.2We still dont
264、know how the world came_into_being3A stationary object is easy to be_aimed_at4Remember to tell this interesting story to show_off your knowledge.5His house was broken_into by burglars last week.6I was so hurried as to knock_into my teacher.7The bus was so full that one more passenger could not have
265、squeezed_in8The old woman burst into tears when she heard her son was sentenced_to_death9Mr. White is a capable person. He is_burdened_with many a task in his company. 10They have accepted the proposal on_principle.完成句子1Id_rather_you_hadnt_told him the news that day.我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。2Its high time
266、that we_(should)_put_an_end_to_this_discussion是我们该结束讨论的时候了。3Nina and Mary were in the kitchen, cleaning_up_after_dinner吃过晚饭，尼娜和玛丽在厨房里收拾。4(2016济南模拟)What_if you cant make a panic buying the iPhone 6 today?如果你今天抢购不到苹果第六代手机怎么办？5The Internet makes_it_easier_for_people to know about the world.网络使人们更容易了解世界
267、。6Id_rather_you_posted_the_letter right now.我想让你现在去寄信。7She made_it_clear that she objected to the plan.她明确表示反对此项计划。8What_if Jeremy Lin is absent from the basketball game?要是林书豪缺席这场篮球赛会怎么样？9Rising costs made_it_hard_to_carry_on business.成本不断上涨，生意很难做成。.课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Many o
268、f us in developed societies are trapped in a spending circle. We work hard so that we can earn more money. When we have more money, we spend more and because we spend more, we have to work even harder. But strangely (strange) enough, the more money we earn, the less often we see it. Instead, we star
269、t putting our signatures on credit cards and spending (spend) money we dont even have. Besides, were all taxpayers so the more we earn the more tax we have to pay to those who govern us. Thus,_the circle goes round and round and gets more and more complicated.In this spending circle, on the one hand
270、, we accumulate possessions but never feel like we have enough. On the other hand, we work towards the ownership of bigger and better (good) houses and cars and never have time to enjoy them. Instead, they feel like a burden because every month we have to hand over most of the money we earn to_pay (
271、pay) for them. And the result of all this is obvious. Not increased happiness, but stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families.话题微写作根据提示， 利用本单元所学知识， 完成下面的小作文。1李华被指控闯入一家超市，据说他在那儿偷了很多珠宝，最终被判处三年监禁。(be charged with, break into, abundant, jewelry, be sentenced
272、to) 2李华以前是个好孩子，曾被选为班里的班长。(used to，elect)3但后来他在网吧迷上了电脑游戏，染上了很多恶习。(diverse)4是电脑游戏导致了这场悲剧。(it was . that)5因此政府是时候取缔这样的坏网吧了。(Its high time that ., ban)Li Hua was charged with breaking into a supermarket, where it is reported that he stole abundant jewelry. Finally, he was sentenced to three years in pri
273、son. He used to be a good boy and was elected monitor in his class. But later he was addicted to computer games in the net bar and picked up diverse bad habits. It was the computer games that led to the tragedy. So it is high time that the government banned such bad net bars. 高考题型提能练.阅读理解A(2016安徽重点中
274、学联考)Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe for success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they ar
275、e introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.However, it wasnt all sweetness and light. There was a report
276、ed coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals are just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same s
277、ignals submission.In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each others language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk “Dog”， and dogs can learn how to talk “Cat”Whats interesting is that both cats and dogs ha
278、ve appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each others body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than was previously suspected. Once familiar with each others presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, an
279、d enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets to people who dont get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats an
280、d dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.语篇解读：人们一般认为在同一家庭中，狗与猫之间因为种种原因难以和谐相处，即使可以的话也只占极少部分。然而最近一项科学研究却对这种看法提出了挑战，研究结果发现猫与狗之间存在着交流与学习。它们彼此互相学习各自的语言、深化认识，有助于促进相互间和平共处。既然动物之间都可以这样主动改善关系，更何况我们人类呢？1The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_”AearlyBs
281、weetlyCquickly Dsmoothly解析：选D词义猜测题。首段第一、二句就暗示人们普遍认为狗和猫是不能和谐相处的，而后面的研究与前面内容形成对比：如果采取适当的措施，猫与狗之间是可以和平相处的，因而“swimmingly”应该是“顺利地；轻易地”之意。A、C两项有悖常识；B项意为“甜蜜地；亲切地”，程度过深，不合常理；D项smoothly意为“平稳地；顺利地”，切合题意。2What is found surprising about cats and dogs?AThey eat and sleep together. BThey observe each others behav
282、iors.CThey learn to speak each others language. D.They know something from each others voices.解析：选C细节理解题。从第三段“researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each others language”得知这个令人吃惊的发现便是猫与狗竟然能够互相学习对方的语言。3It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _Ahave common
283、interests B.are less different than thoughtChave a common body language D.are less intelligent than expected解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段可知事实上猫与狗之间存在更多的共同点，它们并没有我们想象中的那么格格不入。4What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?AWe should learn to live in harmony. BWe should know more about animals.CWe should live
284、in peace with animals.DWe should learn more body languages.解析：选A推理判断题。细读最后一段内容我们可以发现作者提出了反问：既然动物都可以学着和谐共存，更何况是技高一筹的人类？因而，通过猫与狗的研究可以得出我们人类应该学会和谐相处。BPerhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.Strange as it may seem, if youre unsatisfied, the issue is not a lack of means t
285、o meet your desires but a lack of desires not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you dont have enough tastes.Real riches consist of welldeveloped and hearty capacities to enjoy life.Most people are already swamped (淹没) with things.They eat, wear, go and talk too much.They_live_in_too_big_a
286、_house_with_too_many_rooms,_yet_their_house_of_life_is_a_hut.Your house of life ought to be a mansion (豪宅), a royal palace.Every new taste, every additional interest, every fresh enthusiasm adds a room.Here are several rooms your house of life should have.Art should be a desire for you to develop si
287、mply because the world is full of beautiful things.If you only understood how to enjoy them and feed your spirit on them, they would make you as happy as to find plenty of ham and eggs when youre hungry.Literature, classic literature, is a beautiful, richly furnished room where you might find many a
288、n hour of rest and refreshment.To gain that love would go toward making you a rich person, for a rich person is not someone who has a library but who likes a library.Music like Mozarts and Bachs shouldnt be absent.Real riches are of the spirit.And when youve brought that spirit up to where classical
289、 music feeds it and makes you a little drunk, you have increased your thrills and bettered them.And life is a matter of thrills.Sports, without which you remain poor, mean a lot in life.No matter who you are, you would be more human, and your house of life would be better supported against the bad d
290、ays, if you could, and did, play a bit.Whatever rooms you might add to your house of life, the secret of enjoying life is to keep adding.语篇解读：本文通过对物质富有和精神富有的对比，阐述了精神富有的重要性。5The author intends to tell us that _Atrue happiness lies in achieving wealth by fair meansBbig houses are peoples most valued p
291、ossessionsCbig houses can in a sense bring richness of lifeDtrue happiness comes from spiritual riches解析：选D写作意图题。本文通过把物质上房子的大小和精神上房子的大小进行对比，说明真正的幸福来自精神的富有而不是物质的富有，故选D。6The underlined sentence in the second paragraph probably implies that _Ahowever materially rich, they never seem to be satisfiedBhow
292、ever materially rich, they remain spiritually poorCthough their house is big, they prefer a simple lifeDthough their house is big, it seems to be a cage解析：选B句意理解题。画线处的句子意思是：他们住在拥有太多房间的一所太大的房子里，然而他们精神生活的房子却是一个小屋。物质和精神上的对比说明无论物质生活是多么富有，他们的精神生活仍然是贫穷的，故选B。7It can be learned from the passage that _Amore
293、money brings more happinessBart is needed to make your house beautifulCliterature can enrich your spiritual lifeDsports contribute mainly to your physical fitness解析：选C细节理解题。第五段把文学、古典文学比作一个房间，在那里你能得到休息，振奋精神，得到那份对文学的爱将会使你成为一个精神富有的人，故选C。8What would be the best title for the passage?AHouse of LifeBSecre
294、t of WealthCRest and RefreshmentDInterest and Enthusiasm解析：选A标题归纳题。本文通过把物质生活的房子和精神生活的房子进行比较，得出物质生活富有并不代表精神生活富有，我们需要的是精神上的房子，故A项最能概括本文主旨。.任务型阅读Some Steps for Breaking Through Your Comfort ZoneA comfort zone is a selfimposed boundary where a person will refuse to push past. Doing so usually fills him
295、or her with nervousness and anxiety. So lets talk about breaking out of this comfort zone. Get information. To break through your comfort zone you need to first educate yourself. Your goal here is to find out about whatever skill youre pursuing. Youll talk to people who have done the same thing. 1._
296、 And youll check out articles on the Internet about this subject.Have a plan. After educating yourself its important to create a plan of action. With this step youre going to write down a stepbystep blueprint for how youre going to break through your comfort zone. 2._ Then you create a plan to get t
297、o each level. In this plan you need to create benchmarks. These are minigoals that put you one step close to pushing past your comfort zone.3_ This is an important step because the people in your life will keep you on track. You want them to give you that “push” as youre pushing your boundaries. The
298、y will make it hard for you to quit because you know youll look foolish if you did.Remain positive. There will be times when you experience a negative outcome, something that shakes your confidence and makes you feel scared. The trick is to not let anything prevent you from blasting past the point o
299、f comfort. Recognize that you will have negative outcomes. 4._Keep expanding your comfort zone. 5._ Find stuff that you never imagined you would do. Like teaching a class on the subject that once filled you with fear. Or you could work on a related skill.ALook for new challenges.BYou cant become an
300、overnight success.CIts a natural part of the process.DYoull read books on the subject.EHave people around you know of your plan.FYou wont have time to think about your fear.GYou start with the easiest thing to do.答案：15DGECA.完形填空 (2016山西适应性检测)When you are five years old, your mother is your everythin
301、g. She is your _1_， friend, and nurse; the only person you rely on _2_ with your hopes, dreams, and wishes. But for me, this was not the case.My mother suffered from _3_ problems that would keep her in bed for days, leaving me to care for her and look after myself. This situation _4_ me to grow up m
302、uch faster. While I knew my mother was sick, I felt deep down that we could _5_ it and everything would be okay. _6_， in 1997 everything went terribly wrong, and my life changed forever.Adoption is a _7_ word to a fiveyearold, but when I realized that my own mother had signed me over to _8_， I felt
303、it was the worst betrayal (背叛). I suffered from shock, anger, and confusion as I attempted to adjust to my new family. No longer could I _9_ anyone since the person I had loved more than all else had abandoned me. Hearing people tell me that she did it in my best interest, I felt even more _10_. I c
304、ould not forgive her and always _11_ how she could reject me like an old sofa. However, the more I got older, the more I began to understand how _12_ our situation had been. We had been _13_ on boxes of noodles, and at one point we _14_ lived in our car. I was once passed from drugaddicted cousins t
305、o mentally unstable neighbors as my mother _15_ to try and save me from what our lives were becoming _16_ each day passed.Only recently have I begun to understand _17_ my mother gave me to strangers. _18_ she really did save me. She loved me more than anything, so she wanted me to have a _19_ in lif
306、e, one she could no longer offer me. I now know my life has been a special _20_ only because she was selfless enough to give me up.语篇解读：本文讲述了作者对母亲的感情变化他恨母亲将他送给别人，后来经过种种考虑和经历才理解了母亲，并一如既往地爱他的母亲。1.A.hostessB.competitorC.provider D.candidate解析：选C考查名词。hostess“女主人”；competitor“对手”；provider“提供者”；candidate“候
307、选人”。根据前文“When you are five years old your mother is your everything.”当你五岁的时候，你的妈妈是你的一切。可知母亲在你的生命中扮演着各种角色来照顾你，故选C。2.A.mainly B.completelyC.gradually D.occasionally解析：选B考查副词。mainly“主要地，大体上”；completely“完全地，彻底地”；gradually“逐步地，渐渐地”；occasionally“偶尔，间或”。句意：她是唯一一个你可以带着希望、梦想和期望去完全依赖的人。根据句意，故选B。3.A.moral B.ph
308、ysicalC.social D.legal解析：选B考查形容词。根据空后的“.that would keep her in bed for days, leaving me to care for her and look after myself.”可知“我”的母亲生病了，需要照顾，故选B。4.A.forced B.inspiredC.allowed D.convinced解析：选A考查动词。句意：在这种情况下，我成长得很快。根据句意，故选A。5.A.stick to B.escape fromC.decide on D.get through解析：选D考查动词词组。stick to“坚持
309、，粘住”；escape from“逃脱”；decide on“决定，选定”；get through“通过，熬过”。句意：当我的母亲生病的时候我在心底觉得我会熬过这些艰难的时光，一切都会变得好起来。根据句意，故选D。6.A.Otherwise B.MeanwhileC.However D.Therefore解析：选C考查副词。前文讲到“我”觉得一切经过“我”的努力都会好起来，但是根据后文“in 1997 everything went terribly wrong, and my life changed forever”可知事情不但没有好起来，还向坏的方向发展了。两个句子之间在意义上是转折关系
310、，故选C。7.A.familiar B.negativeC.simple D.foreign解析：选D考查形容词。对于一个五岁的孩子来说，收养对他来说是不相关的、陌生的，故选D。8.A.strangers B.cousinsC.friends D.neighbors解析：选A考查名词。根据后文“I felt it was the worst betrayal (背叛).”可知作者的母亲要把他送给陌生人，相当于收养他，故选A。9.A.understand B.supportC.trust D.praise解析：选C考查动词。前文提到因为“我”的母亲想把“我”送到陌生人家去让别人收养“我”，所以“
311、我”感到了被背叛，“我”不再信任任何人，故选C。10.A.worried B.innocentC.scared D.bitter解析：选D考查形容词。句意：从人们那里听说她这样做是为我好，我甚至感觉更痛苦。表明作者依旧很恨他母亲，尽管母亲是在为他好，故选D。 11.A.imagined B.wonderedC.remembered D.questioned解析：选B考查动词。句意：我不能原谅她，我经常想她怎么能够随意丢弃我就像我是一个旧沙发一样。根据句意，故选B。12.A.ridiculous B.urgentC.desperate D.complex解析：选C考查形容词。ridiculous
312、“可笑的，荒谬的”；urgent“紧急的，紧迫的”；desperate“令人绝望的”；complex“复杂的，合成的”。根据后文的“boxes of noodles”， “lived in our car”等可知作者和他母亲的生活在当时是多么地令人绝望，故选C。13.A.focusing B.working C.acting D.surviving解析：选D考查动词搭配。survive on“靠活下来”。句意：我们过去仅靠几盒面条活下来。故选D。14.A.also B.evenC.still D.yet解析：选B考查副词。句意：曾经一度我们甚至是在车里度过的。根据句意，故选B。15.A.fou
313、ght B.learntC.hesitated D.tended解析：选A考查动词。由前文的“drug-addicted cousins”和“mentally unstable neighbors”可知“我”的母亲为了保护“我”不受环境的伤害而努力奋斗着，故选A。16.A.till B.beforeC.as D.once解析：选C考查连词。句意：我曾经经过药物上瘾的堂兄家，经过精神不稳定的邻居家。我的母亲奋斗着，尽力保护我的安全，护着我安全地度过这些生活给予我艰难的日子。故选C。17.A.how B.whyC.that D.what解析：选B考查疑问词。句意：直到现在我才开始理解为什么我的母亲
314、要将我送给陌生人。根据句意，故选B。18.A.In the long run B.Time and againC.For quite a while D.All at once解析：选A考查固定用法。in the long run“从长远来看”；time and again“屡次，常常”；for quite a while“有一阵子”；all at once“突然，同时”。上一句说道作者开始理解他的母亲的苦衷，母亲是从长远打算想让他有一个好的生活，故选A。19.A.challenge B.goalC.reward D.chance解析：选D考查名词。句意：“我”的母亲为“我”长远打算，将我送给
315、别人是希望“我”跟着别人有机会生活得更好，故选D。20.A.gift B.factC.test D.deal解析：选A考查名词。句意：现在我知道我的生活是一份特殊的礼物仅仅是因为我的母亲无私地将我放弃。根据句意，故选A。.短文改错(2016南昌二模)Harmony is very important to our society. All of us are looking forward to live in a harmonious society. As students, I thought we should first keep our dormitories with harmo
316、ny. For one thing, it can create a good environment for my studies and life. For other, it can help us grow healthily. Unfortunately, there are some way to make our dormitories harmonious. Firstly, we should learn to understand each other and solve everything in the peace. Secondly, we should try to get rid our own bad habits. Lastly, we should share or get on with each other.答案：第二句：liveliving第三句：thoughtthink; within第四句：myour第五句：otheranother第六句：UnfortunatelyFortunately; wayways第七句：去掉the第八句：rid后加of第九句：orand
