1、单元素养培优(六) Unit 6. 单词拼写1. The drought killed our crops (庄稼), and there wasnt enough grass for the cattle. 2. How many dynasties (朝代) are there in Chinas history? 3. It is/has been 3 years since I published(出版)my first book. 4. The company rented(租用)the building, occupied part and sublet the rest. 5.
2、Bad weather prevented (阻挡, 防止)me from starting. 6. The events are wrapped (包裹) in mystery. 7. I guess there are much less people in the Arctic regions (地区) than here. 8. His extensive experience in other parts of Asia helped him to overcome cultural barriers(障碍). 9. All the materials(材料)have been pr
3、epared. 10. The test can be run on various platforms(平台) and environments. . 用适当的介、副词填空1. We will stand up and hold together always as one family in harmony! 2. Floods washed much of the topsoil away. 3. Warwick is home to some 550 international students. 4. Human health is connected with whether th
4、e drinking water is clean or not. 5. They come out only at night and feed on some insects. 6. Its well-known that fire cant be wrapped in paper. 7. It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks. 8. People change their mind for a variety of reasons. 9. Does he still live in the fla
5、t that was rented from a local farmer three years ago? 10. His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt. . 翻译句子1. 过去30年我的家乡发生了很大变化。(take place) The past 30 years has seen the great changes that have taken place in my hometown. 2. 学生们很重视这次考试的成绩。 (attach significance to) The students attach great sig
6、nificance to the result of the exam. 3. 要过上幸福的生活, 我们应该与自然和谐相处。(in harmony with) To live a happy life, we should be in harmony with nature. 4. 她爸爸提醒她甜食对她的牙齿有害。(remind) Her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. 5. 学校将重点发展理科、数学和现代语言。(priority) The school will give priority to scie
7、nce, maths and modern languages. 6. 在他的讲话中, 他提到了最近的加拿大之行。(refer to) In his speech, he referred to a recent trip to Canada. 7. 学生们的兴趣大多限于学术领域。(be limited to) Students interests are mostly limited to the academic area. 8. 夏天让我精力充沛。(energy) Summer makes me full of energy. . 阅读理解A(2021北京高一检测)Would it su
8、rprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation? UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest
9、, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”. Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks, making sure that all trees i
10、n the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all. Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and ol
11、dest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the netw
12、orks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest. “We didnt take any notice of it, ” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance. ” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, w
13、e could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了树木比我们大多数人想象得要复杂得多, 它们互相合作, 互相支持, 通过传递营养得以生存。1. What can we learn from Professor Simards words in Paragraph 3? A. Trees depend on each other. B. Trees protect their own wealth. C. Trees comp
14、ete for survival. D. Trees provide support for dying trees. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第三段“Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around
15、necessary nutrition depending on who needs it. ”可知西马德教授认为树木相互合作和支持, 传递营养维系生存, 说明树木是相互依赖的。故选A项。2. Why are “Mother trees” extremely important? A. Because they know more about the complex “tree societies”. B. Because they seem more likely to be cut down by humans. C. Because they look the largest in si
16、ze in the forest. D. Because they pass on nutrition to young trees. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第五段中的“Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to
17、 young trees so they may continue to grow. ”和最后一段中的“Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance. ”, 可知母树是其他树木赖以生存的最大和最古老的植物, 因为母树能把营养传递给幼树, 所以母树极其重要。故选D项。3. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A. How young trees survive.
18、B. How “tree societies” work. C. How forestry industry develops. D. How trees grow old. 【解析】选B。代词指代题。由第五段中的“When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest
19、. ”和最后一段中的“We didnt take any notice of it, Simard says sadly. ”, 可知it指代上文已提及的事情, 此处it指highly complex “tree societies”或the networks的赖以生存的方式/运作方式。故选B项。4. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Old Trees Communicate Like HumansB. Young Trees Are in Need of ProtectionC. Trees Are More Fantasti
20、c Than You ThinkD. Trees Contribute to Our Society【解析】选C。主旨大意题。由第一段“Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation? ”, 第二段“UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined
21、. ”和后文关于“树木之间不是竞争关系, 而是相互依赖, 将死的树把营养传递给小树让其更好地生长”, 说明作者想要表达的是树木比我们想象得要更令人惊叹、复杂。故选C项。BArthur Bonner works with the Palos Verdes blue butterfly, once thought to have died out. Today the butterfly is coming backthanks to him. But years ago if youd told him this was what hed be doing someday, he would h
22、ave laughed, “Youre crazy. ” As a boy, he used to be “a little tough guy on the streets”. At age thirteen, he was caught by police stealing. At eighteen, he landed in prison for shooting a man. “I knew it had hurt my mom, ” Bonner said after he got out of prison. “So I told myself I would not put my
23、 mom through that pain again. ”One day he met Professor Mattoni, who was working to rebuild the habitat for an endangered butterfly called El Segundo blue. “I saw the sign Butterfly Habitat and asked, How can you have a habitat when the butterflies can just fly away? ” Bonner recalls. “Dr. Mattoni l
24、aughed and handed me a magnifying glass(放大镜), Look at the leaves. I could see all these caterpillars(蝴蝶的幼虫) on the plant. Dr. Mattoni explained, Without the plant, there are no butterflies. ”Weeks later, Bonner received a call from Dr. Mattoni, who told him there was a butterfly needed help. That wa
25、s how he met the Palos Verdes blue. Since then hes been working for four years to help bring the butterfly back. He grows astragalus, the only plant the butterfly eats. He collects butterflies and brings them into a lab to lay eggs. Then he puts new butterflies into the habitat. The butterflys popul
26、ation, once almost zero, is now up to 900. For their work, Bonner and Dr. Mattoni received lots of awards. But for Bonner, he earned something more: he turned his life around. For six years now Bonner has kept his promise to stay out of prison. While hes bringing back the Palos Verdes blue, the butt
27、erfly has helped bring him back, too. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一个叫亚瑟的人通过养蝴蝶既拯救了蝴蝶, 又拯救了自己的故事。5. Bonner came to know the Palos Verdes blue after he_. A. found the butterfly had died outB. won many prizes from his professorC. met Dr. Mattoni, a professor of biologyD. collected butterflies and put them into a lab【
28、解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段可知, Bonner在接到了教授的电话之后, 知道了有一种蝴蝶需要他的帮助。6. What does the underlined phrase “put through” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Hurt. B. Recall. C. Remember. D. Experience. 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据上文的hurt, 可知出狱之后不再让母亲受伤害, 由此可知D选项合适, 意为不再让母亲经历痛苦。7. Which of the following would be the BEST title for the text?
29、A. A Promise to MomB. A Man Saved by ButterfliesC. A Story of ButterfliesD. A Job Offered by Dr. Mattoni【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章整体上讲述的是亚瑟从没有养蝴蝶时的糟糕生活到养蝴蝶后的转变。故B项“被蝴蝶拯救的男人”符合题意。. 阅读填句Be a Green ChildWhat does it mean to be green? “Green” is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect
30、 the environment. Why green? Plants are green, and without them the Earth wouldnt be such a lovely home for us human beings. What can we do? 1Reduce It! 2 For instance, a shorter shower means you used less water and less fuel since your house uses to run the heater that warmed up the water. Reuse It
31、! Sometimes people call ours a “throw-away society”. It means that were a little too willing to throw away old stuff (东西) and buy new stuff. 3 For instance, if your baby brother becomes older and loses interest in his plastic basketball hoop (篮圈), why not give it to another family who has a little k
32、id? Recycle It! Recycling has never been easier. Many communities will pick it up right in front of your house and some towns even require it. Recycled goods go to a recycling center, where they can be turned into new cans, bottles, and paper. Enjoy It! Its true that rubbish and pollution are proble
33、ms, but the Earth remains a huge and beautiful place thats ready for you to explore. 4 Go for a hike, visit local nature centers and gardens, and climb up mountains. But before you travel the globe, take a look at your own backyard. Is there a spot where you could plant a tree or put in a little fru
34、it or vegetable garden? 5A. Heres a four-step guide to being green. B. Get out there and get your hands dirty. C. Turn off the water when youre brushing your teeth. D. When you use less of something, you do a good thing for the Earth. E. You can start locally by visiting the naturally beautiful spot
35、s in your city. F. Many times, even if you no longer need something, someone else just might. G. You can watch with pride as your tree takes root and your garden plants grow. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了如何成为环保少年的几点建议。1. 【解析】选A。根据本空前的“It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. ”及“What can
36、we do? ”可知, 绿色也意味着采取特别的措施保护环境, 那么我们该做些什么呢? 下文又介绍了环保的建议, 此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句, 故A项(这里有个关于环保的四步指南)符合语境。2. 【解析】选D。根据本空后的“For instance, a shorter shower means you used less water and less fuel”可知, 较短的淋浴时间意味着你用更少的水和燃料, 故D项(当你少用一些东西时, 你就对地球做了一件好事)符合语境。3. 【解析】选F。根据本空后的“For instance, if your baby brother becomes
37、older and loses interest in his plastic basketball hoop, why not give it to another family who has a little kid? ”可知, 如果你的弟弟长大了, 对塑料篮圈没了兴趣, 为什么不把它送给另一个有小孩的家庭呢? 故F项(很多时候, 即使你不再需要某样东西, 别人也可能需要)符合语境。4. 【解析】选E。根据本空后的“Go for a hike, visit local nature centers and gardens, and climb up mountains. ”可知, 去徒步
38、, 参观当地的自然中心和花园以及爬山, 故E项(你可以从游览当地的自然美景开始)符合语境。5. 【解析】选G。根据本空前的“take a look at your own backyard. Is there a spot where you could plant a tree or put in a little fruit or vegetable garden? ”可知, 看一下你的院子里有没有地方种一棵树或做一个小的果蔬园, 此处承接上文, 故G项(你可以骄傲地看着你的树生根发芽, 看着园子里的植物生长)符合语境。. 完形填空(2021长春高一检测)Tree hugging (拥抱)
39、 may sound a little bit strange. But Israel has been encouraging people to do it 1. “In this 2 COVID-19 period, people have to stay away from each other, ” said Orit Steinfeld, manager of Israels Apollonia National Park, “We 3 that people around the world go out to nature, take a deep breath, hug a
40、tree, express your love and get love. ”The park is about 15 kilometers north of Tel Aviv. Inside the park, some visitors 4 followed his advice. Barbara Grant was one of them. “We need physical touch to stay 5. Without it, many become lonely, sad and even sick, ” she said, “We are not hugging too man
41、y 6 these days. Hugging a tree is quite a 7 thing to do. ”Israel is not the 8 country to ask people to hug trees. Icelands Forest Service started a similar 9 in April. They advised everyone in the country to 10 a tree for at least five minutes every day. The Forest Service even shared a short video
42、showing people in Iceland hugging trees in the 11. Park workers also 12 paths in the woods so that visitors could stay away from each other while 13 their trees. “There are a lot of trees, ” said a forest worker in the video, “no need for everyone to hug the 14 tree. ”So, if you cannot get a human h
43、ug these days, you know something you can safely put your 15 around: A tree! 【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了在这个令人不快的新冠肺炎疫情期间有的国家提倡拥抱树木。1. A. immediatelyB. necessarilyC. politelyD. recently【解析】选D。根据下文“In this unpleasant COVID-19 period, people have to stay away from each other, ”可知, 在这个令人不快的新冠肺炎疫情期间, 人们不得不彼此远离,
44、 因此可知事情发生在最近, 所以以色列最近一直在鼓励人们这样做。故选D。2. A. happyB. shortC. unpleasantD. free【解析】选C。根据COVID-19可知是疫情的爆发, 所以只有unpleasant(令人不快的)符合感情色彩, 故选C。3. A. orderB. recommendC. seeD. know【解析】选B。根据上文以色列最近一直在鼓励人们拥抱树木, 可知此处应使用recommend, 表示建议, 故选B。4. A. actuallyB. hardlyC. blindlyD. awkwardly【解析】选A。根据“ Barbara Grant wa
45、s one of them. ”可知, 一些游客实际上听从了他的建议。故选A。5. A. high B. warm C. healthyD. big【解析】选C。根据下文“Without it, many become lonely, sad and even sick”可知, 没有它, 很多人会变得孤独、悲伤甚至生病, 所以我们需要身体接触才能保持健康, 故选C。6. A. treesB. personsC. animalsD. volunteers【解析】选B。根据“Hugging a tree is quite a nice thing to do. ”可知, 拥抱一棵树是一件很好的事情
46、, 根据not可知正好与不拥抱人形成对比, 故选B。7. A. badB. sillyC. luckyD. nice【解析】选D。根据上文“We need physical touch to stay healthy”可知, 我们需要身体接触才能保持健康。由此可以看出, 拥抱树是一件好事, 有益的事。故选D。8. A. firstB. richC. beautifulD. great【解析】选A。根据后文“Icelands Forest Service started a similar effort”可知, 冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力。由此可以看出以色列不是第一个要求人们拥抱树木的
47、国家, 故选A。9. A. matchB. meetingC. effortD. park【解析】选C。根据下文“They advised everyone in the country to hug a tree for at least five minutes every day. ”可知他们建议全国每个人每天抱一棵树至少五分钟。由此可以看出冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力(建议拥抱树)。故选C。10. A. plantB. hugC. paintD. buy【解析】选B。根据“ Hugging a tree”可知, 本文在讲述拥抱树, 故选B。11. A. bookB. water
48、C. houseD. forest【解析】选D。根据下文“in the woods”可知, forest与之呼应, 冰岛人拥抱森林中的树木。故选D。12. A. stoppedB. clearedC. leftD. followed【解析】选B。根据“visitors could stay away from each other”可知为了游客在寻找他们的树木时彼此远离, 所以清理了森林中的道路, 故选B。13. A. cutting downB. falling downC. looking forD. climbing up【解析】选C。公园的工作人员清理森林中的道路就是为了游客在寻找他们
49、想抱的树木时彼此远离。只有look for(寻找)符合题意, 故选C。14. A. sameB. littleC. dirtyD. dead【解析】选A。根据“There are a lot of trees(有很多树)”可知, 没必要每个人都抱同一棵树, 故选A。15. A. clothesB. armsC. stringD. feet【解析】选B。全文都在讲拥抱树, 故此处填arms, 表示用胳膊(拥抱), 故选B。. 语法填空(2021哈尔滨高一检测)There may be a new species of fox-like cat. Wildlife rangers(护林员) fro
50、m Frances National Hunting and Wildlife Agency located 16 of the 1. _(rare) seen golden striped(有条纹的) creatures in mountainous areas of a French island. The cats are 2. _(big) and more aggressive than a typical house cat, and have highly developed teeth and large, ringed tails. Because of the 3. _(a
51、ppear), they are known locally as the “cat-fox”. The creature hunts at night and, from the looks, 4. _(be) just thrilled by all of the attention. The cat could have originated in Africa or the Middle East thousands of years ago, 5. _(belong) to an ancient species. “By looking at the DNA, we could te
52、ll it 6. _ the European wildcat. Its close to the African forest cat; however, 7. _ isnt determined is its exact identity, ” Pierre Benedetti, who works as the chief environmental technician of the National Hunting and Wildlife Agency, said. The first “cat-foxes” 8. _(catch) non-violently by the ran
53、gers in 2016, 9. _ the tales of the forest animalhave circulated around the island for generations. The rangers hope by studying and tagging the animals, they can get the “cat-foxes” 10. _(protect) in the next few years. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国护林员在2016年发现的“狐猫”。1. 【解析】rarely。考查副词。句意: 法国国家狩猎和野生动物管理局的护
54、林员在法国一个岛屿的山区看到了16只罕见的金色条纹动物。空处修饰动词seen, 所以用副词形式, 故填rarely。2. 【解析】bigger。考查形容词比较级。句意: 这些猫比典型的家猫更大, 更有攻击性, 有高度发达的牙齿和巨大的环形尾巴。此处应用形容词作表语, 结合“and more aggressive than”可知, 空处应填形容词比较级, 故填bigger。3. 【解析】appearance。考查名词。句意: 因为外表, 它们在当地被称为“狐猫”。根据空前的定冠词the可知, 空处应填一个名词作介词of的宾语, appearance是不可数名词, 意为“外表”, 故填appear
55、ance。4. 【解析】is。考查时态和主谓一致。句意: 这种动物在夜间捕食, 从外表看, 它对所有的关注感到兴奋不已。分析句子结构可知, and连接两个并列谓语, 根据第一个谓语hunts可知, 句子是一般现在时, 主语The creature是单数, 故填is。5. 【解析】belonging。考查非谓语动词。句意: 这种猫可能在数千年前起源于非洲或者中东, 属于一个古老的物种。动词belong和逻辑主语The cat之间是主谓关系, 应用现在分词, 故填belonging。6. 【解析】from。考查介词。句意: 通过查看DNA, 我们可以把它和欧洲野猫区分开来。tell sth. fr
56、om sth. 把和区分开, 是固定短语, 故填from。7. 【解析】what。考查主语从句。句意: 它和非洲森林猫很相近, 然而, 不确定之处是它准确的身份。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导一个主语从句, 引导词在从句中作主语, 表示“的东西”, 应用what引导, 故填what。8. 【解析】were caught。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意: 最初的“狐猫”在2016年被护林员以非暴力的方法捕获, 但是这种森林动物的故事已经在岛上流传了好几代。主语“cat-foxes”是复数形式, 和动词catch之间是被动关系, 结合时间状语“in 2016”可知, 此处使用一般过去时的被动语态,
57、故填were caught。9. 【解析】but。考查连词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知, 空处缺少连词, 前后两句话之间是转折关系, 应用but连接, 故填but。10. 【解析】protected。考查非谓语动词。句意: 护林员希望通过研究和标记这些动物, 能让这些“狐猫”在未来几年里得到保护。此处是“get+宾语+宾语补足语”结构, 动词protect和宾语the “cat-foxes”之间是被动关系, 所以用过去分词作宾语补足语, 故填protected。. 概要写作(2021淮安高一检测)阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Most people around the
58、 world are right-handed. This fact also seems to have held true throughout history. In 1977 scientists studied works of art made at various times in history. Most of the people shown in these works of art are right-handed, so scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common. But what
59、do Leonardo da Vinci, Marie Curie, and Albert Einstein have in common? They were all left-handed along with other famous people including Brad Pitt, Prince William, and Barack Obama. In fact, an estimated 13 percent of the worlds population may be left-handed. Many researchers claim to have found re
60、lationships between left-handedness and various physical and mental characteristics, such as blond hair, blue eyes, and sleep difficulties. Other studies have found a higher-than-normal level of left-handed people in certain occupations(职业), including professional baseball players, architects, as we
61、ll as prisoners. However, some of these connections are very weak, and others have not been proven. What makes a person become right-handed rather than left-handed? One simple idea suggests that people normally get right-handedness from their parents. Studies have found that two right-handed parents
62、 have only a 9. 5-percent chance of having a left-handed child, while two left-handed parents have a 26-percent chance of having a left-handed child. Another common theory is that left-handed people suffer mild brain damage during birth, which makes them left-handed. Whatever the reasons behind it,
63、peoples attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. Statistics show that although 13 percent of young people are left-handed, only six percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children,
64、 but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on; nor are they considered abnormal. For most people today, either case is perfectly acceptable. There are even a number of shops now selling products for left-handed people, such as left-handed can openers, guitars, and even a left-ha
65、nded camera. _【参考范文】While most of the worlds population are right-handed, a minority are left-handed. (要点1) Many researchers claim left-handedness has something to do with physical and mental features and professions, but these assumptions lack solid evidence. (要点2) Thus, some think left-handedness is genetic while others attribute it to mild brain injury during birth. (要点3) Anyway, peoples attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot with the whole society accepting lefties more than before(要点4).
