1、单元素养检测(二)(Unit 1)(120分钟150分)第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: Tony, thank you for bringing those old coins today. They really helped to bring our history class to life. M: Youre welcome, Miss.
2、W: Dont forget to take them home with you tonight. 1. Where does the conversation take place? A. At school. B. At home. C. At a shop. 答案: AText 2M: Mum, can Peter and I swim at the pool in our backyard, please? W: Youd better not, Jimmy. The summer days are already gone. Youll catch a cold. 2. Whats
3、 the season now? A. Summer. B. Fall. C. Winter. 答案: BText 3W: I need to return these library books today. Do you want to come with me? M: No. The downtown library doesnt even open on Sundays. Id rather go tomorrow so I can check out some new books for myself. 3. When does the man want to go to the l
4、ibrary? A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday. 答案: CText 4W: The fire is getting a little low. Why dont you grab some more wood from outside? M: I think we can hold off a little longer. Just turn over the wood thats already in there, and it will burn for another 20 minutes at least. 4. What doe
5、s the woman suggest the man do? A. Turn up the gas in the fireplace. B. Get some more wood from outside. C. Let the wood burn a bit more. 答案: BText 5M: Whats the matter with you, Mary? You looked tired. W: I didnt sleep well last night. M: Maybe a stomachache or headache? W: Neither. The noise almos
6、t drove me mad. 5. Why didnt Mary sleep well? A. She had a headache. B. She was troubled by noise. C. She had a stomachache. 答案: B第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6M: Sha
7、ll we go to the youth club on Saturday night? W: I cant. I have to write an article on Sunday, so I want to go to bed early tomorrow. Anyway, I havent got much money. Why dont you come round and watch a DVD with a pizza or something? M: Oh, come on! Your sister will be back from university for the w
8、eekend. Shell want to go to the club. W: Yeah, OK! Im sure shell lend me some money. Ill try and finish the article tonight. 6. What will the man do on Saturday night? A. Pick up the womans sister. B. Watch a DVD. C. Go to a club. 答案: C7. What day is it today? A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday. 答案:
9、AText 7W: Hey, do you know if its possible to get to Los Angeles from San Francisco by train? M: But why dont you fly? Its much faster and costs about the same. W: No way! I hate flying. Do you know how long the train takes? M: Well, the quickest route is through the center of California. You can st
10、art in Sacramento. But its not a very good route. If you take the train along the coast, it is much more beautiful. Its a great way to see California. W: Well, I dont care about that. I just need to get to Los Angeles and back. My cousins wedding is next month. 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。8. Where does the woma
11、n plan to go? A. San Francisco. B. Sacramento. C. Los Angeles. 答案: C9. What is the best way to see California according to the man? A. Go there by plane. B. Take the train along the coast. C. Go through the center of California. 答案: B听第8段材料, 回答第1012题。Text 8M: Now we have five-day classes every week,
12、 so we have more spare time than before. W: How do you spend your spare time, Tom? M: I have much interest in playing the violin and Ill continue to practice playing it. W: Do you often take part in the concert? M: Yes. I like to go listening to some music. At present my major purpose is to learn fr
13、om others. W: Do you like classical music or pop? M: I like both. How do you spend your spare time then, Lily? W: Playing the piano is my favourite activity. M: Our hobbies are similar to each other. I hope we can often exchange experience together. W: So do I, but Im weak in the theory of music. M:
14、 Me, too. Would you like to go with me to my uncles? Hes a professor of music. W: Im glad to go with you. I would ask him for his advice. 10. Why does the man like to go listening to music? A. To make new friends. B. To kill time. C. To learn from others. 答案: C11. What hobby do the speakers share? A
15、. Going to concerts. B. Playing musical instruments. C. Listening to pop music. 答案: B12. How will the speakers improve their theory of music? A. By turning to the mans uncle for advice. B. By practising playing music every day. C. By exchanging experience with each other. 答案: A听第9段材料, 回答第1316题。Text
16、9M: Is that a new computer? W: Yeah. My grandpa gave it to me as a graduation gift. Isnt it nice? M: It is. I cant believe its so thin! What kind of computer is it? W: Its an Apple MacBook Air. Its very lightweight and has a bunch of built-in apps. I couldnt be happier with it. M: Do they have any o
17、ther colors besides that one? W: I dont know. I like this color. Ive ordered a pink cover for it, but it wont arrive for a couple of weeks. M: Does the computer have a disk drive? W: No, it doesnt, but I dont need one. All of my documents are online. M: Well, youre very lucky. It will be great to ha
18、ve this when you start looking for jobs. W: I already have. Today, I spent the day at the cafe working on my resume. This computer has great battery life. M: Well, thats good. But the cafe near here is always so crowded. W: I know. But I like to work in busy cafes. The noise reminds me that everyone
19、 else is working hard, so I work hard, too. 13. How did the woman get the computer? A. She ordered it. B. She borrowed it. C. It was a gift. 答案: C14. What surprises the man about the computer? A. The size. B. The price. C. The color. 答案: A15. What did the woman do in the cafe today? A. She talked wi
20、th a friend. B. She worked on her resume. C. She looked for a job there. 答案: B16. How does the woman feel about noisy cafes? A. She dislikes the noise. B. She ignores the noise. C. She is inspired by the noise. 答案: C听第10段材料, 回答第1720题。Text 10New types of electronics are changing the way people listen
21、 to music. But studies show these new tools may be causing hearing loss in many people. Researchers from Zogby International did a study for the American Speech-language-hearing Association. It involved 300 high school students and 1, 000 adults. They were asked about their use of portable music pla
22、yers. Some of the most popular are iPhones, CD players, and portable laptop computers. 30% of the students and 40% of the adults said they set the sound level at high on their players. More than half the students said they would probably not limit their listening time. And about a third said they we
23、re not likely to reduce the sound level. The study found that more than half of the students and less than 40% of the adults had at least one kind of hearing loss. Experts say hearing any sound above a level of 90Hz for long periods may cause some hearing loss. But most portable music players can pr
24、oduce sound up to a level of 120Hz. Studies show that hearing loss may not be apparent for years. But once it happens, it is permanent. About 30 million Americans have some hearing loss, and one third of them lost their hearing as a result of loud noise. 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. A histo
25、ry of electronics. B. Hearing loss caused by loud music. C. Different ways to listen to music. 答案: B18. How many students involved in the study probably set no limit on their listening time? A. Over 150. B. About 120. C. Around 300. 答案: A19. Who was asked about their use of music players? A. Only st
26、udents. B. Only adults. C. Both students and adults. 答案: C20. What do studies show about hearing loss? A. It happens very quickly. B. It will last throughout your life. C. It is caused by noise below level 90. 答案: B第二部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
27、AWhen asked to point out several things that are most important to themselves, many put friends ahead of homes, jobs, clothes and cars. A true friendship carries a long history of experience that determines who we are and keeps us connected. It is a treasure we should protect. Unfortunately, the bet
28、ter friends you are, the more probably youll have disagreements. And the result can be what you dont wantan end to the relationship. The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended. First, dont let your pride get in your way. Most of us can forgive each other when differences are broug
29、ht out in the open. Second, apologize when youre wrong even if youve been wronged. Over the course of a friendship, even the best people make mistakes. Sometimes, it may be best if the wronged person takes the lead and apologizes. When you apologize, give your friend a chance to admit(承认) that he ha
30、s been wrong. Third, see things from your friends point of view. And finally, accept that friendships change as our needs and lifestyle change. Making friends can sometimes seem easy. The hard part is keeping the connections strong during the natural ups and downs that have an effect on all relation
31、ships. My suggestion: consider friendship as an honor and a gift, and worth the effort to treasure and nurture(培养). 【语篇概述】文章介绍友谊的重要性, 也说明友谊是很容易破碎的, 但是也可以修复, 作者介绍了几个修复友谊的方式。21. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Easy Ways to Make FriendsB. Ups and Downs in FriendshipC. How to Mend A Tro
32、ubled FriendshipD. How to Take The Lead in Making Friends【解析】选C。 主旨大意题。从第三段的句子: The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended. 可知, 作者写这篇文章是想告诉我们怎么修复友谊, 故选C。22. The “wronged person” underlined in the passage refers to a person _. A. who has been mistaken for anotherB. who has been bla
33、med unfairlyC. who has treated friends badlyD. who has admitted his mistakes【解析】选B。 词义猜测题。由文中第三段语句apologize when youre wrong even if youve been wronged(当你错的时候要道歉即使你被冤枉。), 再根据后面When you apologize, give your friend a chance to admit that he has been wrong. (当你道歉的时候, 要给你朋友一个改正错误的机会), 可知此处的意思是“被冤枉的人”, 故
34、选B。23. According to the passage, a friendship can be long only if _. A. we have much in commonB. we know our friends mistakesC. we treat our disagreements wiselyD. we have known one anothers desires【解析】选C。 推理判断题。根据第二、三段的内容可知, 只有明智地处理分歧, 友谊才能长久, 故选C。24. What should we do if we follow the authors seco
35、nd suggestion? A. Make an apology first. B. Avoid making mistakes. C. Stick to our own points of view. D. Change our lifestyles. 【解析】选A。 细节理解题。由第三段作者提的第二点建议Second, apologize when youre wrong even if youve been wronged. (当你错的时候要道歉即使你被冤枉。)可知, 故选A。BTeens and younger children are reading a lot less for
36、fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published on Monday. While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading. According to the re
37、ports key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they hardly ever read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today. ”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2-8, remain lar
38、gely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session. When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel (建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on
39、 reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time. The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows th
40、at kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read. As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom (逼近) ahead, pare
41、nts might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。据本周一Common Sense Media公布的报告显示, 青少年和年幼的孩子们现在很少为了乐趣而读书。文章从阅读乐趣、阅读时长、阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响等角度展示了该报告的内容。25. What is the Common Sense Media report probably about? A. C
42、hildrens reading habits. B. Quality of childrens books. C. Childrens after-class activities. D. Parent-child relationships. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。由文章第一段并结合整篇文章对孩子们阅读的乐趣、阅读时长、阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响等的描述可知, 报告主要是关于孩子们的阅读习惯。26. Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot less for fun”? A.
43、 In Paragraph 2. B. In Paragraph 3. C. In Paragraph 4. D. In Paragraph 5. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the proportion who say they hardly ever read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today”可知, 很少为乐趣而阅读的青少年的比例有所上升, 其
44、中, 13岁的少年从1984年的8%上升到现在的22%, 17岁的青年从1984年的9%上升到现在的27%。这些数据正好支持了这一观点: 为乐趣而读书的人越来越少了。27. Why do many parents limit electronic reading? A. E-books are of poor quality. B. It could be a waste of time. C. It may harm childrens health. D. E-readers are expensive. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句中的“many parents st
45、ill limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time”可知, 许多家长仍然限制电子阅读, 主要是由于担心看电子屏幕的时间越来越多, 也就是担心会损害孩子们的健康。28. How should parents encourage their children to read more? A. Act as role models for them. B. Ask them to write book reports. C. Set up reading groups for them. D
46、. Talk with their reading class teachers. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. ”可知, 有明显的证据表明, 父母为孩子们做榜样并为孩子们做重要指导能培养孩子的阅读习惯。也就是说, 父母可以通过给孩子们做榜样来鼓励孩子们阅读。CDev
47、eloping healthy eating habits starts from childhood, therefore it is important for parents to teach and provide children with a healthy diet. DHSS administrator of the Bureau of Nutrition Services, Charlie Morris told KUAM News, “A healthy diet for a child consists of a lot of fruits and vegetables
48、in the diet limiting the amount of simple sugars in the diet and high fat food and highly processed(加工的) food. ”This means staying away as much as possible from food such as chips, cookies, candies and sugary drinks, as all children need to have meals which involve a well-balanced diet. Community nu
49、tritionist(营养学家) Thelma Romoso said, “The fruit, the vegetable, the grain, the protein, and also the milk, the diary product, so for the fruits its easy for a mother to go into the two plus three concept of fruits and vegetables or five a day. ”This concept means that there are at least two servings
50、 of fruits a day, three servings of vegetables a day which can be served for lunch and dinner. As for protein parents can make a variety of dishes from chicken, beef, fish or even dried beans to make sure the child gets three servings a day. Morris said that the childs hunger level controls how much
51、 is eaten and the parent controls what and when the meal is offered, saying, “Mom needs to ensure that the food offered is good food for the child to eat and throughout the day depending on how active they are, snacks(零食) are not a bad thing, so the mom should offer good kinds of snacks. ”When it co
52、mes to preparing your childs lunch and snacks for school, make sure to keep in mind that the food you provide should not only be a source of energy but also be nutritionally beneficial such as fresh fruits, and whole grain bread. But parents must be sure to remember that a good nutritional diet must
53、 be balanced with physical activity, namely it is important that children get outside and run around and play and get activity in addition to eating a good diet. 【语篇概述】文章描述了孩子们在饮食方面存在的诸多问题, 并呼吁父母们关注这些问题, 提高孩子的健康水平。29. What does the author intend to tell us in the text? A. Choose healthy food and sna
54、cks for your child. B. Fruits and vegetables are good for your child. C. Take steps to provide a good lunch for your child. D. Make various and delicious dishes for your child. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 文章描述了孩子们在饮食方面存在的诸多问题, 并呼吁父母们关注这些问题, 提高孩子的健康水平, 由此判断A选项正确。30. Which is NOT true when preparing your chi
55、lds food for school? A. The food must provide energy as well as nutrition. B. Physical exercise is as important as a good diet. C. Running and playing when eating is beneficial. D. Fruits and whole grain foods should be included. 【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据最后一段But parents must be sure to remember that a good n
56、utritional diet must be balanced with physical activity, namely it is important that children get outside and run around and play and get activity in addition to eating a good diet. 可知但家长必须记住, 良好的营养饮食必须与体育活动相平衡, 即除了饮食良好外, 孩子们外出跑步、玩耍和运动也是很重要的, 而不是说在玩和跑的时候吃东西是有益处的, 故选C。31. It can be inferred from the
57、text that _. A. fresh fruits are often ignored by childrenB. a good nutritional diet may cost too muchC. choosing healthy food is linked with incomeD. parents play an important role in childrens diet【解析】选D。 推理判断题。通读全文, 并根据最后一段的But parents must be sure to remember that a good nutritional diet must be
58、 balanced with physical activity, namely it is important that children get outside and run around and play and get activity in addition to eating a good diet. 但家长必须记住, 良好的营养饮食必须与体育活动相平衡, 即除了饮食良好外, 孩子们外出跑步、玩耍和运动也是很重要的。可知父母们在孩子的饮食方面起着重要的作用。故D正确。D(2020天津高一检测)Senses That Work TogetherWhen we think about
59、 how our senses work, we usually imagine them operating separately: you sniff a flower, and the smell is delivered uninterrupted from nose to brain. However, its more complex than that. Most evidence for cross-modal perception (知觉) comes from studies into sound and vision (视觉). But research that sho
60、ws other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing. When New York researchers, Daniel Wesson and Donald Wilson, tried to find out the truth about a “mysterious” area of the brain called the olfactory tubercle(嗅结节), they
61、 had to deal with this fact. Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse cells jumped in activity. In fact, the olfactory tubercle is well-placed to receive
62、 both smell and sound information from the outside world. Later they found that among separate cells, most responded to a smell but a significant number were also active when a sound was made. Some cells even behaved differently when smell and sound were presented together, by increasing or decreasi
63、ng their activity. Of course, mice arent people, so research team has been carrying out further experiments. They pulled together a group of people and gave them various drinks to smell. Participants were asked to sniff the drinks, and then match them to appropriate musical instruments and produce t
64、he notes at different levels. The results were interesting: the piano was regularly paired with fruity fragrances; strong smells sounded like the instruments that are made of metal. Further research found that listening to different sounds can change your perceptions. Studying taste this time, the t
65、eam ordered some special toffee (太妃糖) and put together “soundscapes” corresponding to bitterness and sweetness. Participants tasted similar pieces of toffee while listening to each soundscape, and found the toffee more bitter or sweeter, depending on which soundtrack they were listening to. Studies
66、like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. Could we see musicians work together with chefs to produce sound-improved food and drink? Will you be ordering a coffee wit
67、h a soundtrack to bring out your favorite smell? Come to think of it, and that could be one thing you hope coffee shop chains dont get round to. 【语篇概述】当我们思考我们的感官是如何工作的时候, 我们通常会想象它们是分开运作的: 你嗅一朵花, 气味从鼻子到大脑都不受干扰。然而, 它比这要复杂得多。本文通过实验证明气味和声音是有联系的, 以此证明各种感官是协调工作的。32. What does the underlined part in Paragr
68、aph 2 refer to? A. A lot of research focuses on the senses. B. There can be a link between sound and smell. C. Sound and vision are relatively easy to study. D. Evidence about the way senses work is hard to obtain. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out
69、all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing. 可知, 画线词的意思是“声音和气味之间可能有联系”。故B选项正确。33. In Wesson and Wilsons research, _. A. the mice were affected more significantly by soundB. the result confirmed what the researchers had suspectedC. the connection between so
70、und and smell was found by chanceD. the mice seemed to be afraid of certain sounds or smells【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中 Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse
71、cells jumped in activity. 可知, 最初, 他们只打算测量老鼠嗅结节细胞对嗅觉的反应。但在测试期间, Wesson注意到每次他把咖啡杯放下, 老鼠细胞就活跃起来了, 由此推断, 声音和气味之间的联系是偶然发现的。故C选项正确。34. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Participants took an active part in the experiments. B. The purpose of the further experiments was totally different. C. The resul
72、t failed to support what was found in previous experiments. D. Experiments showed that links between sound and smell were consistent. 【解析】选D。段落大意题。第二段最后老鼠的实验表明: 当声音发出时, 大多数细胞对气味做出反应, 相当多的细胞也很活跃。由第三段内容可知, 通过人来做实验, 有规律地用钢琴搭配果味芳香, 强烈的气味听起来像金属制成的乐器, 由此可推断, 实验表明声音和气味之间的联系是一致的、协调的。故D选项正确。35. How does the
73、author feel about the effect of the research? A. The author is surprised at the recent developments. B. The author is excited about the creative chances. C. The author is convinced that the findings will be used soon. D. The author is worried about how the knowledge can be applied. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后
74、一段中的Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. 可知, 这样的研究帮助科学家正确地描述我们对感官的理解, 以及大脑是如何结合感官与其自身优势的, 这些结果是值得考虑的。因此推断作者对具有创造性的机会感兴趣。故B选项正确。第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12.
75、 5分)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。The most successful people all have certain habits in their daily routines. 36Forming a new good habit can be a struggle, but it is well worth the effort. Here are the four steps you can follow to form good habits. Set your goal. Before you can begin to
76、 work on your new habit, it is worthwhile to consider your goal. 37Make sure that your goal is specific, measurable and realistic to increase your chances of success. 38Having good habits that are in line with the goals can improve your chances of achieving your goals. After you have set your goal a
77、nd worked out all of the specifics (细节) of achieving that goal, find a habit that is part of achieving that goal. Consider what good habit would help you achieve that goal. Consider your motivation. Once you have identified your goal and the new habit you need to achieve this goal, take some time to
78、 consider your motivation. 39Good motivation can be the difference between success and failure in terms of forming a new habit. So take your time to consider your motivation. Give yourself time. Forming a new habit can take a long time. Some people can form a new habit in as little as a few weeks, w
79、hile other people will take several months. As you work to form your new habit, just keep in mind that it may be a while before it comes true. 40A. Identify ways to achieve goals. B. Find the habit you want to form. C. Good habits are sure to make you a success. D. These habits help contribute to th
80、eir success. E. Figure out exactly what you hope to achieve. F. Try to be patient with yourself as you form your new habit. G. Your motivation is the reason you want to form this new habit. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了养成良好的习惯的方法。36. 【解析】选D。根据上文The most successful people all have certain habits in their dai
81、ly routines. (最成功的人在日常生活中都有一定的习惯。)中“certain habits”和“The most successful people”可对应到选项D中的“These habits”和“their success”, 故D项“这些习惯有助于促成他们的成功”符合语境。故选D。37. 【解析】选E。根据本段的主题句“Set your goal. (设定目标)”, 与上一句Before you can begin to work on your new habit, it is worthwhile to consider your goal. (在你开始培养新习惯之前, 值
82、得考虑一下你的目标。)中的“consider your goal”可知, 此处讲的应是要弄清楚自己的目标是什么, 故E项“弄清楚你究竟希望完成什么”符合语境。故选E。38. 【解析】选B。通读第三段可知, 本段主要讲与目标一致的好习惯能提升你实现自己的目标的可能性。再结合该段中的“After you have set your goal and worked out all of the specifics of achieving that goal, find a habit that is part of achieving that goal. (在你设定了目标, 并制定了实现目标的所
83、有细节之后, 找到作为实现目标的一部分的一个习惯。)”可知, B项“找到你想养成的习惯”最能概括本段的主题。故选B。39. 【解析】选G。根据该段的主题句以及空前的“take some time to consider your motivation(花点时间考虑你的动机)”以及空后的“Good motivation can be the difference between success and failure in terms of forming a new habit. (在形成新习惯方面, 良好的动机可能是成功和失败的区别。)”可知, 本段的中心内容涉及“动机”, 故G项“Your
84、 motivation is the reason you want to form this new habit(你的动机是你想要养成这个新习惯的原因)”符合语境。故选G。40. 【解析】选F。根据本段的主题句“Give yourself time. (给自己一点时间)”以及上一句As you work to form your new habit, just keep in mind that it may be a while before it comes true. (当你努力养成新习惯时, 请记住, 它可能需要一段时间才能实现。)可知, 良好的习惯不是一朝一夕就能养成的, 它需要时
85、间, 因此在养成良好习惯的过程中要对自己有耐心, 故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Honesty is always the best policy. Though lying often allows one to escape punishment for the moment, the 41 will always come out. In most situations, one will 42 that lying does n
86、ot offer the same long-term benefits as honesty does. Sometimes people lie for the purpose of being 43. For example my cousin Joanne was invited to her friends birthday party and she asked for my 44 on her dress. In fact, her dress was terrible, but I 45 and told her that the dress was beautiful. Ho
87、w could I 46 her excitement over the dress? Looking back at that moment, I probably should have told her the truth, considering that the guests laughed at her. After that I realized the 47 of telling the truth. My brother once helped his best friend cheat on a 48 test. That night, he told me what ha
88、ppened at school. I was very angry and asked him to say sorry to his math teacher immediately 49 he went to school the next day. 50, the teacher only forced the two boys to take the test again. If my brother had not followed my 51, he might have been kicked out of school. Besides, my brothers behavi
89、or sets a good example for his friend. So he 52 his friend and helped him avoid serious punishment. In some cases, lying seems to be difficult. For example, how can one 53 to young children what has happened when they lose one of their family members? Lying seems kind, but if one lies to children, t
90、hey may feel more 54 when they discover the facts. Therefore, it is important for each of us to be 55 anytime. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文, 作者通过自己和弟弟的事情阐述了诚实的重要性, 认为对我们每个人来说, 任何时候都保持诚实是很重要的。41. A. answerB. reasonC. truthD. result【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据本文第一句Honesty is always the best policy. 可知本文讲的是诚实与撒谎, 所以这里要表达的是虽然撒谎
91、可以让你暂时躲过惩罚, 但真相总会出来的, 故选C项。42. A. findB. meanC. imagineD. include【解析】选A。词义辨析题。find发现; mean 意味着; imagine想象; include包括。结合语境, 这里要表达的是人们会发现说谎并不能带来与诚实(带来的)相同的长期利益。故选A项。43. A. activeB. politeC. fairD. silent【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据后文In fact, her dress was terrible, but I _and told her that the dress was beautiful.
92、 可知在我的表妹问我她穿的裙子怎么样时, 尽管她的裙子很糟糕, 但我还是说她的裙子很漂亮。这是一种礼貌。所以这里要表达的是有时候人们为了礼貌而撒谎。故选B项。44. A. opinionB. decisionC. informationD. instruction【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据后文told her that the dress was beautiful可知这里表妹问了我对于她裙子的看法。故选A项。45. A. stoppedB. arrivedC. smiledD. appeared【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。我告诉表妹她的裙子很好看, 这是一种夸奖, 所以我应该是微笑着说的,
93、 故选C项。46. A. hideB. ruinC. controlD. cause【解析】选B。词义辨析题。hide隐藏; ruin毁坏; control控制; cause导致。结合语境可知, 我不忍心破坏表妹对这件裙子的激动之情, 故选B项。47. A. dangerB. purposeC. importanceD. possibility【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据前文I probably should have told her the truth, considering that the guests laughed at her. 可知我没有对表妹说实话, 表妹穿了糟糕的裙子被
94、嘲笑了。所以这里要表达的是通过这件事我意识到了说出真相的重要性。故选C项。48. A. mathB. historyC. spellingD. listening【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据后文的asked him to say sorry to his math teacher 可知我的弟弟是帮他的好朋友在数学(math)考试中作弊, 故选A项。49. A. sinceB. whenC. thoughD. before【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合语境, 此处是我要弟弟第二天去学校的时候向他的数学老师道歉。故选B项。50. A. ClearlyB. PainfullyC. Strangel
95、y D. Luckily【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据后文If my brother had not followed my _, he might have been kicked out of school. 可知我的弟弟如果没有听取我的建议有可能会被学校开除, 因此老师只让弟弟和他的朋友重新考试对于他们来说是幸运的, 故选D项。51. A. ruleB. adviceC. exampleD. timetable【解析】选B。固定搭配题。根据后文可知弟弟听取了我的建议说了实话, follow ones advice为固定搭配, 意为“听取某人的建议”符合语境。故选B项。52. A. sav
96、edB. missedC. believedD. refused【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据helped him avoid serious punishment可知我的弟弟帮助他的朋友避开了严重的惩罚, 这是救(save)了他。故选A项。53. A. proveB. explainC. reportD. suggest【解析】选B。词义辨析题。prove证明; explain解释; report报道; suggest建议。当失去了家人时, 应该是向孩子解释(explain)发生了什么, 故选B项。54. A. relaxedB. impatientC. confidentD. surpri
97、sed【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。结合语境, 此处孩子发现事实后应该是感到惊讶的, 故选D项。55. A. honestB. braveC. kindD. careful【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据前文Honesty is always the best policy. 作者通过自己和弟弟的事情阐述了诚实的重要性, 所以这里作者要表达的是任何时候都保持诚实是很重要的。故选A项。第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Friendship is very 56. _(importance). Everyone 57.
98、 _(need) friendship. In all our lives we cant live without friendship just as we cant live without air 58. _ water. Friendship makes us get on well 59. _ one another to go ahead under different 60. _(kind) of difficulties in front of us. But real 61. _(friend) is not easy to come by. True friendship
99、 must be sincere and be based on 62. _ (understand) each other but not on benefits of each other. A good friend can always be a good teacher to 63. _(we). By his or her advice we are persuaded 64. _ (go) the right way. Therefore, 65. _ more great friends we have, the better we can improve ourselves.
100、 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了友谊的重要性, 友谊对于人来讲就像水和空气, 是必不可少的, 真正的友谊建立在信任和理解之上, 一个好朋友就像一位好老师, 能使人们取得进步。56. 【解析】important。考查形容词。句意: 友谊是很重要的。此处用形容词作表语, 与系动词is构成系表结构。故填important。57. 【解析】needs。考查主谓一致。句意: 每个人都需要友谊。此处, 不定代词Everyone作主语, 谓语动词用单数。故填needs。58. 【解析】and。考查连词。句意: 在我们的生活中, 没有友谊, 我们就不能生活, 就像没有空气和水一样。59. 【解析】wi
101、th。考查介词。句意: 在我们面前的各种困难下, 友谊使我们彼此相处得很好。短语get on well with“与相处得好”, 故填with。60. 【解析】kinds。考查名词的数。kind是可数名词, 前面有different(不同的)修饰, 应该用复数形式kinds。61. 【解析】friendship。前面无冠词, 且系动词为is, 所以应填不可数名词。故用friendship。62. 【解析】understanding。考查非谓语动词。句意: 真正的友谊必须是真诚的, 建立在相互理解的基础上, 而不是建立在相互受益的基础上。on是介词, 后面要跟名词或动名词作宾语。故填unders
102、tanding。63. 【解析】us。考查代词。句意: 好朋友可以一直是我们的好老师。介词后接人称代词宾格作宾语, 故填us。64. 【解析】to go。考查非谓语动词。句意: 听了他的(或她的)劝告, 我们被说服走正确的路。短语persuade sb. to do sth. “说服某人做”, 不定式作宾语补足语, 故填to go。65. 【解析】the。考查定冠词。句意: 因此, 我们的朋友越多, 我们越能更好地提高自己。“the+比较级, the+比较级”是固定结构, 意为“越, 越”, 故填the。第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假设你是红星中学高三学生
103、李欢。你的英国交换生好友Jim得知你们学校因COVID-19(新型冠状病毒肺炎)停课, 采用网上教学的上课形式, 发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件, 内容包括: 1. 上课时间; 2. 学习内容; 3. 有什么感想。注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 2. 开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数。Dear Jim, _Yours, Li Huan【参考范文】Dear Jim, Thank you for asking. Now students in China are having classes through the Internet because of COVID-19, so am
104、I. Every day except weekends, class begins at 8: 00 in the morning and ends at 5: 00 in the afternoon with two hours break at noon. Subjects include Chinese, Math and English as well as three other courses based on our own choices. We have classes on the Apps, such as Dingding and Xiaoyu, and hand i
105、n homework over the Internet. Only in this way can we protect ourselves from being infected. Besides, Im learning to be more independent. Best wishes to you. Yours, Li Huan第二节概要写作(满分25分)阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。School is a great and new adventure for most children, and play is one of the keys to w
106、orking out how to get along with others and how to fit in. Its also central to your childs overall development. Your child will grow and develop a lot at 69 years old. You can help this process just by playing with your child. For example, play and games with simple rules can help your child get use
107、d to the more formal learning structures that he or she will experience at school. This kind of play also teaches your child about taking turns, which is important for making and keeping friends. At this age, your child might develop new hobbies and interests through play. For example, your child mi
108、ght start to read more and really enjoy books and magazines about things that interest himmotorbikes, horses and more. These kinds of activities encourage your child to keep following his own interests and learn for himself. When it comes to play and your school-age child, keep the focus on having a
109、 good time, rather than on learning. Let your child take the lead with play and learn some experiences naturally when play is fun. Even though your child will probably enjoy the new adventure of school, shell still need your guidance and support to deal with any worries or concerns that come up. Pla
110、ying with your child will help keep the lines of communication open. Playing with your child can keep you close, especially as your child gets older and starts to enjoy being independent. By nine years old, your child might have formed special friendships with one or two other children, probably of
111、the same gender(性别). These friends might be very important to your school-age child but your child still needs you, your support and love. Playing with your childlike kicking a footy in the backyard or cooking togethercan help to strengthen your relationship. _【参考范文】Play can help your child to get o
112、n well with others, which is a centre of your child completely. (要点1)Therefore, you should help your child to form the habit of obeying rules. (要点2)In addition, your child can enlarge hobbies and interests by play. (要点3)At last, you may make your child take the lead while playing, but your child sti
113、ll needs your guidance and support even if they are independent. (要点4)【补偿训练】. 单词拼写(根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词)1. The new governments first challenge is the economy. 2. He came to a new school as a freshman this term. 3. I recommend the book to all my students. 4. She is unwilling to discuss the content of the p
114、lay. 5. A presidential election was scheduled for last December. 6. I have made some programmes about child behaviour(行为). 7. This is a big topic(题目), impacting all of us. 8. Anita pushed her plate(盘子)away; she had eaten nothing. 9. I said youd have to be extra(格外地)careful. 10. He took her to the ba
115、llet(芭蕾舞)to cheer her up. . 阅读理解I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling(叛逆). I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems tha
116、t teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(紧握)at one anothers hands for reassurance(安慰). They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. Then set off i
117、n new directions in music. But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together. Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that many people are doing it. They have come out of their cocoon(茧)into a larger cocoon. It has become harder and harder for a teenager to
118、 stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be. And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their child
119、ren. All this adds to a great barrier(障碍)for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path. But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting
120、records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share with your classmates at once. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Popularity will come with the people who respect you for who you are. That is the only kind of popularity that really counts. 1. In this passage, the author wants to tell_. A.
121、 teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselvesB. readers how to be popular with people aroundC. parents how to control and guide their childrenD. people how to understand and respect each other【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段中“At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be lear
122、ning to stand on your own feet. ”可知A项正确。2. According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but in fact, most of them_. A. have much difficulty understanding each otherB. lack confidenceC. dare not cope with problems single-handedD. are much afraid of getting
123、lost【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句及第二段内容可知, 他们想我行我素, 但结果却随波逐流。3. What does the author think of advertisements? A. Convincing. B. Influential. C. Instructive. D. Authoritative(权威的). 【解析】选B。推理判断题。第三段提到青少年很难不受流行趋势的影响。今天, 青少年们可以从广告中知道他们应该有什么, 应该成为什么样的人, 这说明广告对青少年是有影响力的。4. During the teenage years, one should le
124、arn to_. A. differ from others in as many ways as possibleB. get into the right reason and become popularC. find ones real selfD. rebel against parents and the popularity wave【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share with your classmates at once. Well, go to it. Fi
125、nd yourself. ”可知C项正确。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2020北京高一检测)Top Tips for Better WritingThere are many different types of writing, such as essays, letters and speeches. Whatever your reason is and whatever your style, there are some universal tips that will help you improve your
126、writing: Be clear about your purposeThe most basic question to ask yourself before you start is why you are writing. In an essay or assignment, your purpose is to convey information and draw conclusions. But if you are writing a business report, you may want to make recommendations(建议). 1Start with
127、a plan2The result is often disjointed writing with parts that dont connect. Whatever you are writing, creating a clear plan is the first step to getting your message across quickly and in the most effective way. Guide readers through what you writeYour task is to help readers understand your message
128、 quickly and precisely. 3 Each sentence, each paragraph should be relevant to what comes before and what comes after. You should use words and phrases that connect to show these connections. 4Your aim in writing is to communicate ideas and information to other people, and you must keep that in mind
129、with every word and sentence you write. Constantly ask yourself who you really write the information for. Write for the ear, not for the eyeOnce youve finished a draft of your speech, practice reading it out loud. 5Revise so you are more comfortable giving your speech. You want to sound natural, no
130、matter what the occasion is. A. Write for readers, not yourselfB. Write for the aim, not for the wordsC. It sounds robotic, and employers hate it. D. Far too often people write without a plan. E. Youll hear anything that sounds awkward. F. Whatever it is, keep your purpose in mind at all times to av
131、oid going off the topic. G. To do this, it is necessary to show them clearly how the different parts relate to each other. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。作者就如何提高写作水平提出了几点可行的建议。1. 【解析】选F。由“The most basic question to ask yourself before you start is why you are writing. In an essay or assignment, your purpose is to co
132、nvey information and draw conclusions. But if you are writing a business report, you may want to make recommendations. ”可知, 开始写作前最基本的问题就是问问自己为何写作。写论文旨在传达信息并得出结论。但如果你正在写一份商业报告, 你可能想提出一些建议。所以以上列举了写作之前的目的是什么。故判断出小题1是对上述写作目的的总结。故F选项“不管它是什么, 时刻牢记你的写作目的, 避免偏离主题。”符合句意。故F选项切题。2. 【解析】选D。由“The result is often
133、 disjointed writing with parts that dont connect. ”可知, 结果导致写作各部分不连贯。所以判断出小题2说的是原因, 导致了写作各部分不连贯。故D选项“人们写东西往往不拟提纲。”符合句意。故D选项切题。3. 【解析】选G。由“Each sentence, each paragraph should be relevant to what comes before and what comes after. You should use words and phrases that connect to show these connections
134、. ”可知, 每个句子、每个段落都应与上下文有关。你应使用互相联系的单词和短语来衔接。所以判断出小题3要表达向读者清晰地展示各个部分如何衔接, 然后再具体分说各个部分如何衔接和以什么来连接。故G选项“为此, 有必要向读者清晰地展示各个部分如何衔接”切题。4. 【解析】选A。由“Your aim in writing is to communicate ideas and information to other people, and you must keep that in mind with every word and sentence you write. Constantly as
135、k yourself who you really write the information for. ”可知, 写作的目的是要向他人传递思想与信息, 写一词一句你都要牢记这一点。不断地问自己, 你真正为谁写信息。所以本段主要说的就是写作是给读者看而不是自己。所以判断小题4是本段的标题。故A选项“写作是给读者看而不是自己”符合题意。故A选项切题。5. 【解析】选E。由“Revise so you are more comfortable giving your speech”可知, 进行修改, 演讲就会更顺畅。所以判断出小题5说的是在大声朗读时发生了什么样的情况, 才导致下文的进行修改。故E
136、选项“你会听出不适合的地方”符合题意。故E选项切题。. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There is a radio club in our school. It is great because the students in our school run it for the school. And Im lucky enough to be one of the 1. _(host). The radio club 2. _(start) two years ago. One day, I had the idea of playing mu
137、sic for everyone at school. So I asked the headmaster if music could 3. _(play) during break times. He liked the idea and approved it. Two years 4. _ (pass) since that day and now Im in charge of the radio club 5. _ the oldest student member. Our club doesnt just have music. Every morning, the weath
138、er, recent news, and some special messages teachers want us 6. _(broadcast) are told. During exam time there is a special programme 7. _ tells students how to prepare well for exams. At the end of school year, many students 8. _ are leaving school give messages to their close friends and teachers th
139、rough our club. When parents come to visit the school, songs sung by students are often played. We also give messages to inform the parents 9. _ school events. After 10. _(graduate) from school, Ill miss the radio club, but I know it will continue without me. 【语篇概述】本文叙述了作者在学校广播台所做的事情以及今后的想法等。1. 【解析】
140、hosts。考查名词。根据设空前结构one of the. . . 可知, 此处用名词的复数形式, 意为“主持人之一”。2. 【解析】was started。考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语two years ago以及主语, 结合主谓之间的被动关系可知, 设空处用一般过去时的被动语态。3. 【解析】 be played。考查语态。 设空前为情态动词, 且主语与谓语有被动关系。故用被动语态。4. 【解析】has passed。考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since that day以及主语Two years可知, 设空处用现在完成时, 且主语视为单数。故用has done形式。 5.
141、【解析】as。考查介词。根据设空后的the oldest student member可知, 作为一名年龄最大的学生会员。故用介词as。 6. 【解析】to broadcast。考查不定式。根据want sb. to do sth. 结构可知, 设空处用不定式形式作宾语。7. 【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。先行词为programme, 在从句中作主语, 指物。8. 【解析】who/that。考查定语从句。先行词many students, 在从句中作主语, 指人。9. 【解析】of/about。考查介词。inform sb. of /about sth. 意为“告诉某人某事”。10. 【解析】 graduating/graduation。考查现在分词。此处主句主语与设空处动词为主动关系, 故用现在分词形式。
