1、（全国卷）2021届高三英语下学期考前猜题卷4（含解析）第一部分：听力第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.【答案】A【原文】M: Excuse me, can I check the two books out?W: Im sorry. T
2、his book is for reference only, so it must stay here. That one is due back next Wednesday.2. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Mother and son.B. Co-workers.C. Customer and salesman.【答案】C【原文】W: Hello. Im looking fora notebook computer for my son, whos going to high school next mont
3、h.M: Well, I think you should take a look at the Tab Pro. It comes in a hard shell and its faster than most notebook computers we sell here.3. What will the woman do next?A. Go for lunch.B. Check her files.C. Go to meet Fiona.【答案】B【原文】M: What do you want for lunch?W: Oh, I still have to go through t
4、hese files, though. Can you give me another half hour?M: No problem. Im going to see Fiona from sales department now, so we could meet down stairs in half an hour.4. What does the woman think of Steves painting?A. Impressive.B. Unique.C. Average.【答案】C【原文】M: Amy, I think Steves painting is impressive
5、. Dont you like it?W: Its not that. Its just . I mean, its good but is it really that good? Theres nothing unique about it.5. How many people have decided to attend the party?A. 50.B. 20.C. 10.【答案】B【原文】W: How many people have confirmed they will attend our party so far?M: Weve invited 50, and 20 of
6、those have said theyre not coming. Another10 are not certain, and 20 have confirmed.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6. What time was the plane originally scheduled to lea
7、ve?A. At 3:00.B. At 4:00.C. At 5:00.7. Why is the woman worried?A. The weather is bad.B. The report is not finished.C. An appointment will be delayed.【答案】6. A 7. C【原文】M:Sophia,Ive just confirmed our flight online,and it looks like well be delayed by an hour.The fight is now scheduled to leave at 4:0
8、0 due to the heavy wind.W:Then were in trouble.We wont be able to get to Chicago by 6:00 for the dinner with Mr.ONeil.M:Dont worry.Ill talk to him.Im going to call him to speak about our report.W:Dont forget to apologize to him about being late.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8. What does the man like about his ho
9、metown?A. It has low living costs.B. It has varied nightlife.C. The weather is mild.9. What is the weather like in October in the mans hometown?A. Cloudless.B. Cold.C. Wet.【答案】8. B 9. A【原文】W:Where in Canada are you from,Ken?M:Im from Toronto.W:Oh,Ive never been there.Whats it like?M:Its a big city,b
10、ut its not too big.The nightlife is colorful.I enjoy it.W:Is it expensive there?M:Yeah,a little bit.W:And whats the weather like in Toronto?M:Well,its pretty cold in the winter,and very hot and wet in the summer.Its nice in the spring and fall,though.You can always see the clear sky then.听下面一段较长对话，回
11、答以下小题。10. At what time is Mr. Wilkinson going to leave home for the airport?A. About 6:30 a.m.B. About 5:30 a.m.C. About 4:15 a.m.11. Who is Mr. Wilkinson going to have lunch with on Monday?A. Dr. Gucci from Milan.B. Gavin in Chamber of Commerce.C. The companys sales representative.12. What might th
12、e woman be?A. A travel agent.B. A business manager.C. A secretary.【答案】10. C 11. B 12. C【原文】M: Err. Sandra, bring me up-to-date on their arrangements for the Italian trip?W: Certainly, Mr. Wilkinson.M: Right, take a seat. Now my first meeting is when?W: On Monday the 21th at 9 a. m. with Dr. Gucci in
13、 Milan.M: OK, so can I fly out early Monday morning?W: Well, there is a flight to Lenarty Airport which leaves at six thirty London time.M: Yeah, it means I have to check in by five thirty, which means leaving home at about four fifteen.W: Im afraid so.M: Hmm., whats the program for the rest of that
14、 day?W: Its quite full, Im afraid. At eleven, youre seeing Gianni Riva at Megastar and then youll have a lunch engagement with Gavin from the Chamber of Commerce at one.M: What about the afternoon?W: Well, at three thirty, youre seeing our sales representative there and then youre free till evening.
15、听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13. What might the man be doing?A. Checking in.B. Checking out.C. Reserving a room.14. What might be the reason for the lack of rooms according to the clerk?A. It is a busy holiday season.B. A conference is going on in town.C. A wedding is being held in the hotel.15. How is the brea
16、kfast served in the hotel?A. It is free of charge on weekends.B. It is offered to regular guests only.C. It has a 15% discount on weekdays.16. What does the man imply he would do at the end of the conversation?A. Ask for a room for free.B. Book in another hotel.C. Complain to the manager.【答案】13. A 1
17、4. B 15. A 16. C【原文】M: Hello, I have a reservation for tonight.W: Your name, pleaseM: Nelson, Charles Nelson.W: OK. Mr. Nelson, a room for one for the 19th.M: Wait, wait. It was for tonight, not tomorrow night.W: Era., em., I don t think we have any rooms for tonight. Theres a conference going on in
18、 town.M: Oh, come on! You must have another room!W: Well, let-let me check my computer here . Ah!M: What?W: There has been a cancellation for this evening. A honeymoon suite is now available.M: Great. Ill take it.W: But, I have to charge you 150 pounds for the night.M: What? I should get a discount
19、for the inconvenience!W: Well, the best I can give you is a 10% discount plus a ticket for a free continental breakfast.M: Hey, isnt the breakfast free anyway?W: Well, only on weekends.M. I want to talk to the manager.W: Wait, wait, wait. Mr. Nelson, I think I can give you an additional 15% discount
20、.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17. Why does the speaker give this talk?A. To tell the arrangements for a visit.B. To explain the student welfare in detail.C. To introduce the University Helpline.18. What will the speaker hand out?A. Maps.B. His business cants.C. Guide brochures.19. What are the opening hours of th
21、e Student Welfare Office?A. 9:00 am4:00 pm on weekdays.B. 10:00 am4:00pm on Saturdays.C. 9:30 am4:00 pm on Saturdays.20. What should visitors do during busy hours?A. Wait in the office patiently.B. Ask the speaker to call them hack.C. Add their names to the waiting list.【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C【原
22、文】M: Hello, everybody. Welcome to this informal meeting about the University Helpline. Now, let me tell you some details so that you know where to go and who to see if you want to pay us a visit. Generally, you will see your Helpline officer Jessica. Jessica is a full-time employee of the Student Un
23、ion and she works in the Student Welfare Office-thats the office that deals with all the matters related to student welfare, and its located at 13 Marshall Road. I have some maps here for those of you who havent been there yet. If you wish to call the office, the number is 326-9940. Thats 326-9940.
24、The office is open from 9: 30 am to 6: 00 pm on weekdays and from 10: 00 am to 4: 00 pm on Saturdays. There will always be somebody there-usually Jessica or myself-between those times. If you want to make an appointment, you can call or come into the office in person. Please note that it may not be
25、possible for anyone to see you right away, particularly if it is a busy time-lunchtime, for example-and you may have to add your name to the waiting list and then come back later. Well, enough from me. Any questions?第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15个小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该
26、项涂黑。AWe should show respect for these British women who proved that when it comes to ambition, there should be no limit. Rosalind FranklinFranklin produced X-ray diffraction images of DNA at Kings College London, which led to her discovery that the structure was a double-helix (双螺旋结构). After receivi
27、ng his Nobel Prize, James Watson suggested Franklin should be awarded her own Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Sadly, by that time she had passed away, aged just 37, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee refused to consider a dead person as a candidate.Ada LovelaceRemembered by history as the first computer pr
28、ogrammer, today Lovelace is chiefly praised for her book on Charles Babbages Analytical Engine, an early mechanical computer. Her notes for the project are now recognized as the firs algorithm (算法) intended for use by a machine.Barbara HepworthSculptor Barbara Hepworths work was primarily occupied w
29、ith the idea of relationship. Not just between people, but between people, their environment, the landscape, color and society. Hepworth was a major international figure in the artistic community and exhibited her work all over the globe during her five-decade careerHelen SharmanChemist Helen Sharma
30、n became the first Briton in space as part of Project Juno. After responding to a radio advertisement looking for the first British astronaut, she was selected for the mission ahead of 13,000 other hopefuls. Following her job as an astronaut, Sharman began her career of teaching the public about sci
31、ence, and there was even a childrens book by her, called The Space Place.21. Why did Rosalind Franklin fail to win the Nobel Prize?A. Her discovery was not great enough.B. James Watson didnt recommend her.C. She lost her life too early.D. She refused the Norwegian Nobel Committee.22. Who has made a
32、great contribution to the development of computers?A. Rosalind Franklin.B. Ada Lovelace.C. Barbara Hepworth.D. Helen Sharman.23. What did Helen Sharman achieve in her life?A. Writing a book for kids.B. Teaching the public about space.C. Making radio advertisements.D. Being the first astronaut in the
33、 world.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国历史上四位影响巨大的女性。21. 细节理解题。根据Rosalind Franklin部分中的“James Watson suggested Franklin should be awarded her own Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Sadly, by that time she had passed away, aged just 37, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee refused to consider a dead person
34、 as a candidate(詹姆斯沃森建议富兰克林应该被授予她自己的诺贝尔化学奖。遗憾的是，那时她已经去世了，年仅37岁，挪威诺贝尔委员会拒绝考虑已故的人作为候选人)”可知，她没有获得诺贝尔奖的原因是因为她过早地失去了生命。故选C。22. 细节理解题。根据Ada Lovelace部分中的“Remembered by history as the first computer programmer, today Lovelace is chiefly praised for her book on Charles Babbages Analytical Engine, an early me
35、chanical computer.(作为历史上第一个计算机程序员，洛芙莱斯被铭记于心的原因主要是她关于查尔斯巴贝奇的分析机的书，一种早期的机械计算机)”可知，Ada Lovelace是作为第一位计算机程序员留名史册的，她对计算机的发展做出了巨大的贡献。故选B。23. 细节理解题。根据Helen Sharman部分中的“Following her job as an astronaut, Sharman began her career of teaching the public about science, and there was even a childrens book by he
36、r, called The Space Place.(在她的宇航员工作之后，沙曼开始了她的职业生涯，向公众教授科学知识，甚至有一本由她写的儿童书籍，名为太空之地)”可知，Helen Sharman写了一本名为The Space Place的儿童书籍。故选A。BLike many of us, Brittney Woodrum had a lot of plans for 2020. The University of Denver graduate student was going to travel the world and continue her work for the vario
37、us non-governmental organizations (NGOs) shed been working for before graduate school. However, when a serious infectious disease started, Woodrum began to accept that her travel plans would have to be put on hold. But what she couldnt accept was staying at home and “waiting this thing out.”So, the
38、Kentucky native began to look for an organization she could partner with to get the most out of her newly flexible schedule. She quickly found and committed to Shelterbox a mostly volunteer-run organization that provides emergency shelter and tools for displaced families around the world recognized
39、internationally by the green box which physically holds the relief products. She joined as an ambassadress and learned that participating in physically challenging projects with the bluish-green box was central to the organizations mission.As a hiker and lover of the outdoors, the 27-year-old decide
40、d she was going to climb all 58 of Colorados 14,000 feet mountains with the goal of raising awareness and funding for families around the world who have lost their homes and are now facing the threat of the disease. 78 days and nearly 600 miles of hiking later, Woodrum raised $85,000 from friends, f
41、amily and strangers around the world. Woodrum said because the project came together so quickly, she didnt think she would raise more than $ 5,000. Word seemed to spread very quickly and a lot of people were equally moved by Shelterboxs mission and what I was doing, she said. I have a large amount o
42、f gratitude to everyone who came out to support me both virtually and physically.”The journey was not easy. “There were a lot of variables (可变因素) involved, from the weather to my health and well-being.” She said, “I am so relieved that everything went better than expected.”24. What can we learn abou
43、t Shelterbox?A. Its goal is to rebuild homes for the homeless.B. It is an official disaster relief organization.C. It often sets a tight schedule for its ambassadors.D. Its ambassadors should carry green boxes for tasks.25. Which of the following can best describe Woodrum?A. Reliable and intelligent
44、.B. Generous and flexible.C. Adventurous and sympathetic.D. Creative and determined.26. How did Woodrum feel about the result of her project?A. ConfidentB. UnexpectedC. Unsatisfied.D. Ambitious.27. What is the best title for the text?A. Hard Journey to Raise MoneyB. New Plan of Brittney WoodrumC. Sh
45、elterbox Stands by Poor FamiliesD. Student Climbs Mountains for Charity【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Brittney Woodrum攀登了科罗拉多州58座14000英尺高的山，为“庇护箱”组织筹集了85000美元用于援助流离失所的家庭的故事。24. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“She joined as an ambassadress and learned that participating in physically challenging project
46、s with the bluish-green box was central to the organizations mission.”(她以大使的身份加入该组织，并了解到用蓝绿相间的盒子参与体能挑战项目是该组织的核心使命)可知，该组织的大使需要携带蓝绿色箱子参与具有体力挑战性的项目。故选D项。25. 推理判断题。根据第三段“As a hiker and lover of the outdoors, the 27-year-old decided she was going to climb all 58 of Colorados 14,000 feet mountains with th
47、e goal of raising awareness and funding for families around the world who have lost their homes and are now facing the threat of the disease. 78 days and nearly 600 miles of hiking later, Woodrum raised $85,000 from friends, family and strangers around the world. (作为一名徒步旅行者和户外运动爱好者，27岁的她决定攀登科罗拉多州所有的
48、58座14000英尺高的山峰，目的是提高人们的意识，为世界各地失去家园、现在正面临疾病威胁的家庭提供资金。经过78天、近600英里的徒步旅行，伍德伦姆从朋友、家人和世界各地的陌生人那里筹集了8.5万美元)”可知，她富有冒险精神，而且很有同情心。故选C项。26. 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Woodrum said because the project came together so quickly, she didnt think she would raise more than $ 5,000.(Woodrum说，因为这个项目来得太快，她没想到自己能筹到5000美元以上的资金)”可知
49、，因为这个项目进行得很快，Woodrum认为她筹到的钱不会超过5000美元。再结合第三段提到的“Woodrum raised 85,000(Woodrum筹集了8.5万美元)”可知，她最终筹集了85000美元，筹款的结果出乎Woodrum的意料。故选B项。27. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“As a hiker and lover of the outdoors, the 27-year-old decided she was going to climb all 58 of Colorados 14,000 feet mountains with the goal of raising awar
50、eness and funding for families around the world who have lost their homes and are now facing the threat of the disease. 78 days and nearly 600 miles of hiking later, Woodrum raised $85,000 from friends, family and strangers around the world. (作为一名徒步旅行者和户外运动爱好者，27岁的她决定攀登科罗拉多州所有的58座14000英尺高的山峰，目的是提高人们
51、的意识，为世界各地失去家园、现在正面临疾病威胁的家庭提供资金。经过78天、近600英里的徒步旅行，伍德伦姆从朋友、家人和世界各地的陌生人那里筹集了8.5万美元)”可知，本文主要讲述 Brittney Woodrum 攀登了科罗拉多州58座 14000英尺高的山，为避难箱组织筹集了85000美元以帮助流离失所的家庭的故事。故选D项。C “The worlds loneliest elephant” Kaavan, has reached Cambodiaon a flight of over 4,000km from Pakistanand will spend his days at the
52、Cambodia Wildlife Sanctuary in the countrys northwest. Animal experts began the task of airlifting Kaavan on November 29. His departure from Pakistan marks the end of a campaign led by local activists and American singer and actress Cher, who has been campaigning for the elephants freedom since 2016
53、. She is the co-founder of the NGO Free The Wild, which has played an important role in Kaavans relocation. Earlier in October, a veterinarian(兽医) from Four Paws, Dr Amir Khalil, took the responsibility of moving Kaavan, whose rescue has been described as “the heaviest one” the organisation has unde
54、rtaken. Cher tweeted to thank Pakistans prime minister for making the rescue possible.A special crate(板条箱) was especially built for the elephant, who weighs more than five tons and is more than three metres high. Kaavan was also trained by an elephant expert for several weeks to make sure that he co
55、uld enter the crate safely. On the journey, Kaavan was accompanied by wildlife veterinarians and over 200kg of food. Kaavan is also Pakistans last Asian elephant and with his departure, the zoo where he was housed for over three decades may close soon, because many animals have been reported missing
56、 or dead in recent years. The zoo has repeatedly made headlines for its increasingly awful conditions.According to the animal welfare organisation Four Paws, Kaavan came to the Pakistan zoo 35 years ago and shared his room with Saheli. After his “only companion” Saheli died in 2012, Kaavan was repor
57、ted to be listless and even started showing signs of mental illness.Luckily, Kaavan has found his relocation. Cambodian deputy environment minister Neth Pheaktra said, “Our zoo is pleased to welcome Kaavan. No longer will he be the worlds loneliest elephant. We expect to breed Kaavan with local elep
58、hants. This is an effort to save the gene.”28. What can we learn from paragraph 2?A. Kaavan is the heaviest elephant in the world.B. Joint efforts have been made to rescue Kaavan.C. Veterinarians tried to cure Kaavan of its diseases.D. Experts helped Kaavan to adapt to his new home.29. Why did Kaava
59、n leave Pakistan for Cambodia?A. Because Cambodia had more experienced experts.B. Because his living conditions went from bad to worse.C. Because it served as the bond between the two countries.D. Because the Pakistan zoo he stayed in was to shut down.30. Which of the following best explains “listle
60、ss” underlined in paragraph 4?A. Depressed.B. Useless.C. Dependent.D. Missing.31. What will happen to Kaavan in the future?A. He will get freedom.B. He will be well trained.C. He may live a long life.D. He may have the next generation.【答案】28. B 29. B 30. A 31. D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了因其日益恶劣的动物园环境，各方协同努
61、力为“世界上最孤独的大象”Kaavan安排新家，前往柬埔寨，体现了人类对动物的关爱。28. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中内容“Animal experts began the task of airlifting Kaavan on November 29.(11月29日，动物专家开始空运Kaavan。)”；“American singer and actress Cher, who has been campaigning for the elephants freedom since 2016.(美国歌手兼演员Cher自2016年以来一直在为大象争取自由。)”；“a veterinaria
62、n from Four Paws, Dr Amir Khalil, took the responsibility of moving Kaavan( Four Paws的兽医Amir Khalil医生负责搬运Kaavan)”可知，动物专家，歌手兼演员，以及兽医等都参与到了对Kaavan的救援。因此可推知，是各方协同努力对Kaavan进行援救。故选B项。29. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句内容“The zoo has repeatedly made headlines for its increasingly awful conditions.(该动物园因其日益恶劣的环境屡次登上新闻头条
63、。)”可知，动物园生存环境越来越差，这成为Kaavan离开巴基斯坦前往柬埔寨的原因。故选B项。30. 词义猜测题。分析语境可知，前文“After his only companion Saheli died in 2012(在他“唯一的伴侣”Saheli于2012年去世后 )”应是划线单词所在句的原因，即，他的伴侣死亡了，由此可知，划线单词所在句“Kaavan was reported to be listless”应是表达在伴侣死亡后，Kaavan的表现，且结合后文“and even started showing signs of mental illness(甚至开始出现精神疾病的迹象)
64、”可知，他应是十分伤心，情绪低下的情况下才会出现精神疾病的迹象，由此可推知，划线单词“listless”应是“情绪低下；无精打采”含义，与选项A“Depressed(沮丧的；意志消沉的)”表达含义一致。故选A项。31. 推理判断题。根据文章最后两句内容“We expect to breed Kaavan with local elephants. This is an effort to save the gene.(我们希望卡万能和当地的大象交配。这是一种拯救基因的努力。)”可知，柬埔寨环境部副部长Neth Pheaktra希望Kaavan在这里能够与柬埔寨的大象繁育后代，由此可推知，这只大
65、象在将来有可能会有后代。故选D项。DAccording to a 2009 study published in the European Journal of Social Psychology, it takes 18 to 254 days for a person to form a new habit, The study also concluded that, on average, it takes 66 days for a new behavior to become automatic.The 2009 study highlighted a range of varia
66、bles(变量)in habit forming that make it impossible to establish a one-size-fits-all answer.For example, certain habits take longer to form. In the study, many participants found it easier to adopt the habit of drinking a glass of water at breakfast than do 50 situps after morning coffee.Whats more, so
67、me people are better suited to forming habits than others. A consistent routine of any kind isnt for everyone, and thats OK.If asked how long it takes to form a habit, many people will respond “21 days.” This idea can be traced back to “Psycho Cybernetics,” a book published in 1960 by Dr. Maxwell Ma
68、ltz. Maltz didnt make this claim but rather referenced this number as an observable metric(度量标准)in both himself and his patients at this time. But as the book became more popular more than 30 million copies have been sold this situational observation has become accepted as fact.Dr. Nora Volkow, dire
69、ctor of the NIHs National Institute on Drug Abuse, suggests that the first step is to become more aware of your habits so you can develop strategies to change then.One strategy, Volkow suggests, is to identify the places, people, or activities that are linked in your mind to certain habits, and then
70、 change your behavior toward those.For example, if you have a substance use disorder, you can be deliberate about avoiding situations where you d be more likely to be around the substance. This can help you achieve your goal of abstaining from using that substance.Another strategy is to replace a ba
71、d habit with a good one. For example, instead of snacking on potato chips, consider swapping for unsalted, unbuttered popcorn. Instead of reaching for a cigarette, consider trying a new flavor of chewing gum or a flavored hard candy.32. What can we conclude from the 2009 study?A. It takes at most 25
72、4 days to kick a habit.B. Every behavior takes 66 days to become automatic.C. The time of forming a habit depends on several factors.D. Establishing a habit of doing situps after coffee is impossible.33. Where did peoples idea of “21 days” originated from?A. Word of mouth.B. Scientific evidence.C. M
73、isunderstanding.D. News report.34. What is the strategy to change a habit?A. Changing people s behavior straight.B. Forming a good habit in place of a bad one.C. Avoiding activities you are fond of.D. Becoming well aware of the habit.35. What does the underlined phrase “abstaining from” mean?A. Stay
74、ing away from.B. Adapting to.C. Putting up with.D. Getting down to.【答案】32. C 33. C 34. B 35. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了根据2009年发表在欧洲社会心理学杂志上的一项研究表明，一个人形成新习惯需要18到254天，而且，一种新的行为平均需要66天才能变成无意识的行为，文章还介绍了养成好习惯的策略。32. 推理判断题。根据第二段“The 2009 study highlighted a range of variables(变量)in habit forming that make it imp
75、ossible to establish a one-size-fits-all answer.”（2009年的研究强调了习惯形成中的一系列变量，这使得不可能建立一个适用于所有人的答案）可知我们能从2009年的研究中得出养成习惯的时间取决于几个因素的结论。故选C。33. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Maltz didnt make this claim but rather referenced this number as an observable metric(度量标准)in both himself and his patients at this time. But as the boo
76、k became more popular more than 30 million copies have been sold this situational observation has become accepted as fact.”（Maltz并没有这样说，而是引用这个数字作为他自己和他的病人当时的可观察指标。但随着这本书越来越受欢迎，销量已超过3000万册，这种情景观察也被当成了事实）可知，Maltz并没有提出这一说法，而是引用21这个数字作为一个可观测的指标。但是，随着这本书越来越受欢迎，这个援引的指标被误解成为了事实，即人们关于“21天”的想法源自于“误解”。故选C。34.
77、 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Another strategy is to replace a bad habit with a good one. ”（另一个策略是用一个好习惯来取代一个坏习惯）可知，另外一种策略就是用好习惯来取代坏习惯。故选B。35. 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“For example, if you have a substance use disorder, you can be deliberate about avoiding situations where you d be more likely to be around the substance.”（例如
78、，如果你有物质使用障碍，你可以慎重地避免那些你更有可能接触到物质的情况）可知，作者举例，如果一个人有物质使用障碍，他可以慎重地避免那些他可能更容易接触到物质的情况。这可以帮助他避免那种物质。划线部分短语与上文avoid一词近义。故选A(远离)。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Steps to communicate with your parentsYou might find that as you become a young adult, you begin to have more confli
79、cts with your parents.36. . Parents also struggle to know when to support them and when to intervene(干涉) in what they think are bad choices. The following steps will help you start conversations with your parents smoothly.37. . In order to get your point across, you have to know what that point is.
80、Spend some time reflecting on what you hope to change as a result of the conversation. If you think youll have trouble remembering your points, write down the goals that you hope to achieve with the conversation.Choose the right place. The place you choose can change the conversation dramatically. F
81、or example, if you bring it up at your parents office, they are likely to be rushed. They also might feel as though they have to rule with an iron fist to avoid their coworkers thinking they are too soft on you.38. .This can be in your home, in the car, or even on a walk together.Set a date. Fix som
82、e time to have this conversation. Tell your parents that you need to spend some quality time with them, and plan on doing that after dinner one night. Setting a time will ensure that both sides are prepared to be in the same place talking at the same time.39. .Keep the situation calm. 40. . Keeping
83、yourself as calm as possible is important. If your parents are having a hard time staying calm, take a break or just finish the talk on another day. For example, if your parents dont agree to let you stay out later, do not yell. Instead, try something like, “I feel that I am mature enough to be out
84、until 10:00, and I hope youll give it some more thought.”Once you start the conversation at the right time and in the right place, you can bring up your main points. Then you are willing to share ideas and listen to each other.A. Communicate clearly with your parentsB. Know what you want from the co
85、nversationC. Try to talk to your parents in a calm, relatively private placeD. Feelings are likely to become worse during this conversationE.They are less likely to listen to you or think about what you are sayingF.Most kids feel misunderstood by their parents at some point or another in lifeG.This
86、works better than just asking your parents a lot of questions when they walk in the door【答案】36. F 37. B 38. C 39. G 40. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章向青少年介绍了和家长顺利交流的一些步骤和措施。36. 根据空前“You might find that as you become a young adult, you begin to have more conflicts with your parents（你可能会发现，当你成为一个年轻人，你开始与你的父母有更多的冲突）”
87、和空后“Parents also struggle to know when to support them and when to intervene(干涉) in what they think are bad choices（父母也很难知道什么时候该支持他们，什么时候该干预他们认为不好的选择）”可知，该空应说明孩子和家长之间存在的问题。结合选项，F选项（大多数孩子在生活中的某些时候会感到被父母误解）符合语境。故选F。37. 根据下文“In order to get your point across, you have to know what that point is. Spend
88、some time reflecting on what you hope to change as a result of the conversation.（为了让别人明白你的观点，你必须知道你的观点是什么。花点时间思考一下你希望通过这次谈话改变什么）”可知，该段建议孩子在和家长交流的时候，首先要弄清楚自己的需求。故选B。38. 结合标题“Choose the right place（选择合适的地方）”和空后的“This can be in your home, in the car, or even on a walk together（这可以是在家里，在车里，甚至在散步的时候）”可知，
89、该空应该提到和家长交流要在合适的地方。结合选项，C选项(尽量在一个平静，相对私密的地方和你的父母说话)符合语境。故选C。39. 根据空前的“Fix some time to have this conversation. Tell your parents that you need to spend some quality time with them, and plan on doing that after dinner one night. Setting a time will ensure that both sides are prepared to be in the sam
90、e place talking at the same time.（定个时间进行对话。告诉你的父母，你需要花一些宝贵的时间和他们在一起，并计划在晚饭后这样做。设定一个时间将确保双方准备好在同一时间在同一地点交谈）”可知，该段建议孩子确定好父母交流的时间。该空承接上文，G选项(这比你的父母进门的时候问一大堆问题要好得多)符合语境。故选G。40. 根据空后“Keeping yourself as calm as possible is important.（尽可能的让自己保持冷静非常重要）”可知，作者建议在交流的时候保持冷静。那么该空应该提到需要保持冷静的一种情形。结合选项，D选项（在这段对话中，
91、感觉可能会变得更糟）符合语境。故选D。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I was once a player of a professional football team, the Green Bay Packers. My first year in Green Bay, we 41 twice as many games as we won, and in 1957 we lost three times. In
92、professional football, records like those were 42 . Winning to us was a（n） 43 business, our bread and butter.In December 1958, our coach 44 and our new coach Lombardi came in 1959. He said, “We re going to 45 some games. You must have confidence in me. By working harder, youll make fewer 46 . But fi
93、rst of all, youll prepare yourself 47 .” All of us caught his 48 and started working harder on the field.We started our preseason games. Then, we won a game and our spirits 49 . We kept on 50 . By the end of the 1959 season, we had won seven out of 12 games with the same 51 who had lost 10 games the
94、 year before.Coach Lombardis 52 for work included a simple idea that we must have the mental toughness to 53 . We got plenty of his 54 . Every week he wrote advice on the bulletin board in the locker room, like “Tiredness makes cowards of us all. High physical condition is vital to 55 ”.Ill never fo
95、rget what coach Lombardi 56 me. He brought out 57 in me that changed my career by first giving me the enthusiasm to work harder. He spent much time just 58 me, examining the “hows” and “whys” of the game. Then he began to 59 my thinking.“If you dont 60 the best of yourselves today,” he said to us be
96、fore the game that Sunday, “you re cheating yourselves, the team, or the millions of fans who are expecting a top-grade Packer performance.”41. A. watchedB. plannedC. lostD. hosted42. A. uniqueB. terribleC. identicalD. satisfactory43. A. usualB. hopefulC. interestingD. serious44. A. resignedB. recov
97、eredC. sufferedD. survived45. A. winB. playC. developD. stop46. A. friendsB. commentsC. mistakesD. decisions47. A. reliablyB. directlyC. legallyD. mentally48. A. complaintB. standardC. impressionD. enthusiasm49. A. brokeB. improvedC. pausedD. faded50. A. fightingB. leavingC. waitingD. speaking51. A.
98、 coachesB. playersC. managersD. competitors52. A. reasonB. appreciationC. geniusD. apology53. A. studyB. liveC. shareD. research54. A. failuresB. habitsC. thoughtsD. achievements55. A. relationshipB. educationC. energyD. victory56. A. taughtB. awardedC. servedD. threw57. A. calmnessB. sympathyC. tri
99、ckD. confidence58. A. looking forB. catching up withC. talking toD. learning from59. A. changeB. designC. recordD. express60. A. getB. giveC. testD. Remember【答案】CBDAA CD DBA B CBCD ADCAB【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述作者在绿湾打篮球时的经历，在球队不断输球的情况下，新教练Lombardi对带领他们球队最终赢得了比赛，并给作者的生活带来了改变。41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在绿湾的第一年，我们输的比赛是赢的两倍，
100、1957年我们输了三场。A.watched观看；B.planned计划；C.lost丢失；D.hosted主持。根据下文“in 1957 we lost three times”可推断，我所在的球队输球很多。故选C。42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在职业足球比赛中，像这样的记录确实是糟糕。 A.unique独特的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.identical完全相同的；D.satisfactory满意的。根据上文“we _ twice as many games as we won, and in 1957 we lost three times.”可知，我所在的球队输球很多，因此我们
101、输球的记录很糟糕。故选B。43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：胜利对我们来说是件紧张不安的事，是我们的面包和黄油。 A.usual通常的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.interesting有趣的；D.serious严肃的。根据下文的“our bread and butter”可知，我们赢球意味着我们的生存，这是很严肃的事情。故选D。44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在1958年，我们的教练辞职了，我们的新教练Lombardi在1959年来了。A.resigned辞职；B.recovered发现；C.suffered受苦；遭受；D.survived幸存；存活。根据下文“our new coach
102、 Lombardi came in 1959.”可知，我们之前的教练辞职了，新教练要来了。故选A。45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我们将会赢得比赛”。A.win赢得；B.play玩耍；C.develop发展；D.stop停止。根据下文“You must have confidence in me.”可推断，新教练要大家对他有信心，这样才能赢球。故选A。46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过更加努力地工作，你会犯很少的错误。 A.friends 朋友；B.comments评论；C.mistakes 错误；D.decisions决定。根据上文“By working harder”可知，新教练
103、认为通过更加努力的训练，在球场上球员们就会减少犯错。故选C。47. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是首先，你在心理上要做好准备。 A.reliably可靠地；确实地；B.directly直接地；C.legally合法地；D.mentally心理上；精神上。根据上文“You must have confidence in me.”可推断，新教练要大家在精神上做好准备。故选D。48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们大家都感受到了他的热情，开始在赛场上更努力的训练。 A.complaint抱怨；B.standard标准；C.impression印象；D.enthusiasm热情。根据上文“We re go
104、ing to _ some games. You must have confidence in me.”可推断，我们感受到了新教练的热情，开始更拼命地训练。故选D。49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后，我们球队赢了比赛，这极大地提高了我们的士气。 A.broke打破；B.improved提高；C.paused暂停；D.faded逐渐消退。根据上文“we won a game”可推断，我们赢了比赛，提高了士气。故选B。50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续奋斗。 A.fighting斗争；奋斗；B.leaving离开；C.waiting等待；D.speaking讲。根据上文“we won a
105、 game”可推断，球队赢球后，我们继续奋斗。故选A。51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到1959年赛季结束时，我们已经赢了同一个对手12场比赛中的7场，而去年我们的球员输了10场。 A.coaches教练；B.players玩家；竞争者；C.managers经理；D.competitors竞赛者。根据下文“who had lost 10 games the year before”可推断，我们球队赢球了，而对手仍然是以前的对手。故选B。52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lombardi教练在工作上的天赋包括一个简单的想法，那就是我们必须有坚韧的精神才能生存下去。A.reason原因；B.appr
106、eciation感激；C.genius天才；才能；D.apology歉意。根据上文“we had won seven out of 12 games”可土地，我们的新教练指挥有方，他这样的天赋蕴含着一个简单的道理：我们必须具有坚强的意志力去面对生活。故选C。53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.study学习；B.live生活；C.share共享；D.research研究。根据上文“we must have the mental toughness”可推断，新教练指挥有方，教育我们必须具有坚强的意志力去面对生活。故选B。54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们从新教练那里了解了他的想法。 A.f
107、ailures失败；B.habits习惯；C.thoughts思想；D.achievements成就。根据上文“included a simple idea”可推断，我们了解新教练的想法。故选C。55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：新教练告诉大家：疲劳使我们成为儒夫，健康让我们胜利。 A.relationship人际关系；B.education教育；C.energy精力；D.victory胜利。根据上文“Tiredness makes cowards of us all.”可推断，疲劳使我们成为儒夫，健康让我们胜利。故选D。56. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未忘记Lombardi教练所教育我的。
108、 A.taught教授；B.awarded奖给；C.served服务；服役；D.threw扔掉。根据下文文“changed my career by first giving me the enthusiasm to work harder.”_可推断，Lombardi教练教给我们很多。故选A。57. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他带给了我自信，给予了我热情，让我更加努力地训练。 A.calmness平静；B.sympathy同情；C.trick计谋；D.confidence信心。根据上文“You must have confidence in me.”可推断，他带给了我自信。故选D。58. 考查
109、动词短语辨析。句意：新教练跟我交谈，检查比赛的“如何”和“为什么”。A.looking for寻找；B.catching up with赶上；C.talking to与教他拿；D.learning from从学习。根据下文“examining the “hows” and “whys” of the game”可推断，Lombardi教练和我交谈，了解我的想法。故选C。59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他开始改变我的思想。A.change改变；B.design设计；C.record记录；D.express表达。根据上文“He spent much time just _ me, examin
110、ing the “hows” and “whys” of the game.”可推断，教练了解了我的情况后，开始改变我的想法。故选A。60. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个星期天的赛前，他对我们说：如果我们不努力，那么我们就是在欺骗我们自己、整个球队以及对我们抱以期待的球迷。 A.get得到；B.give给；C.test检验；D.Remember记住。根据下文“you re cheating yourselves, the team, or the millions of fans who are expecting a top-grade Packer performance.”可推断，Lom
111、bardi教练认为我们不努力，就是欺骗自己，球队和球迷。give the best of oneself“打出自己的最高水平”符合语境，故选B。第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。On the northern tip of New Zealands South Island, there is a long bar of sand 61. (call)Farewell Spit. The area is famous, but for a 62. (desire)reason. Its a hots
112、pot of whale stranding(搁浅).Whales strand 63. (they)on beaches. Are these coastlines the whales graveyards?In February, 2015, 200 pilot whales became stuck on the shore. It was the biggest stranding in the area in over a decade, according to local conversation team. 64. (rescue)spent hours trying to
113、refloat them, but 100 died. Without the support of water, the weight of their bodies 65. (break)their muscles. The 66. (remain)whales were watered and kept as comfortable as possible by volunteers equipped with buckets and spades. Sixty were eventually refloated, but soon stranded again. Members of
114、the Public helped to refloat them 67. second time and now the whales 68. (believe)to be back at sea. Beaches like Farewell Spit are perhaps the most places 69. whales can die. To all purposes, it seems as if the whales have killed themselves by swimming too close 70. the shore. So are beaches places
115、 in which whales go to dieor are there other graveyards that we dont know about? Its a mystery that has been around since ancient times.【答案】61. called62. undesirable63. themselves64. Rescuers65. broke66. remaining67. a68. are believed69. where70. to【解析】这是一篇说明文。在新西兰南岛的北端，有一个长长的沙洲，叫做永别沙洲，在这里经常有鲸鱼因搁浅而死
116、亡。61. 考查过去分词。句意：在新西兰南岛的北端，有一个长长的沙洲，叫做永别沙洲。动词call意为“叫做”，和逻辑主语a long bar of sand构成被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。62. 考查形容词。句意：这个地区很有名，但因为一个不受欢迎的原因。修饰名词reason应用形容词，且根据“Its a hotspot of whale stranding(搁浅).”（这里是鲸鱼搁浅的热点。）可知，此处应用负面性质的形容词。故填undesirable。63. 考查反身代词。句意：鲸鱼搁浅在海滩上。结合语境可知，此处宾语和主语所指相同，即鲸鱼，故宾语用反身代词。故填th
117、emselves。64. 考查名词复数。句意：救援人员花了几个小时试图让它们浮起来，但有100只死亡。结合句子结构和句意可知，此处应用指人的名词rescuer“救援者”作主语。结合语境可知，救援人员不止一人，故用复数形式。故填Rescuers。65. 考查一般过去时。句意：没有水的支持，它们身体的重量破坏了它们肌肉。分析可知此处是句子谓语动词，指过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填broke。66. 考查形容词。句意：剩下的鲸鱼被志愿者用水桶和铁锹尽可能的给水和保持舒适。修饰名词whales应用形容词。形容词remaining意为“剩下的”，符合语境。故填remaining。67. 考查不定冠词
118、和固定搭配。句意：在“公众”成员的帮助下，鲸鱼第二次浮了起来，现在人们认为鲸鱼被已经回到了海上。结合句意可知，表示“再次，又一次”应用a second time。故填a。68. 考查被动语态和一般现在时。在“公众”成员的帮助下，鲸鱼第二次浮了起来，现在人们认为鲸鱼被已经回到了海上。分析可知，此处为and并列句的谓语动词，动词believe和主语the whales构成被动关系，且根据时间状语now可知，应用一般现在时，主语whales是复数，be动词用are。故填are believed。69. 考查定语从句。句意：像永别角这样的海滩可能是鲸鱼死亡最多的地方。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，
119、关系词代替先行词places在从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。70. 考查介词和固定搭配。句意：不管怎么说，鲸鱼似乎是通过游得离海岸太近而自杀的。表示“靠近”应用be close to。故填to。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：短文改错（满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每
120、处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)，不计分。I still remember my best friend in the elementary school,so his name is Li Ming. When we met,he was eight and I was nine. He often told interested stories that made me laugh happy. We were in same class at school. We sat together and always play during the brea
121、k. He lived near my house, so it was convenient for us to meeting every day. We watched cartoons on TV, and did our homeworks together. In summer, we went swimming in the river with our parents, but we never did that alone because of it was dangerous. Later, her family moved to another city, what ma
122、de me sad. Ill never forget the nice time we spent together.【答案】1. soand2. interestedinteresting 3. happyhappily 4. 在same前加上the 5. playplayed 6. meetingmeet 7. homeworkshomework8. 去掉of 9. herhis 10. whatwhich【解析】1.考查连词。句意：我仍然记得我小学时最好的朋友，他的名字叫李明。根据句意，本句前后是并列关系，应用and连接句子。故将 so改为and。2.考查以-ed和-ing结尾的形容词
123、。句意：他经常讲有趣的故事，让我笑得很开心。-ing构成的表心理活动的形容词意为“令人感到”，常用来修饰物；加-ed构成的表心理活动的形容词意为“某人感到”，常用来修饰人。修饰名词 stories，应用-ing形式的形容词，表示“令人感到有趣的故事”。故将interested改为interesting。3.考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词 laugh，需用副词作状语。故将happy改为happily4. 考查冠词。句意：我们在学校是同班同学。the same表示“同一的”，冠词不能少。故填在same前加上the。5.考查动词时态。句意：我们坐在一起，休息时总是玩。此处并列连词and连接两个并列的谓
124、语，形式需一致，由前一个谓语动词sat可知，此处play需用一般过去时。故将play改为played。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：他住在我家附近，所以我们每天见面很方便。固定句型It was convenient for sb. to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事是方便的”，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故将meeting改为meet。7.考查名词。句意：我们在电视上看动画片，一起做家庭作业。homework是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将homeworks改为homework。 8.考查原因状语从句。句意：夏天，我们和父母一起去河里游泳，但我们从来没有一个人去，因为那样很危
125、险。because of后面接名词、代词、动名词或what引导的句子，because后面直接带从句，此处“it was dangerous”是句子，所以此处需用连接词because。故去掉of。9.考查代词。句意：后来，他的家人搬到了另一个城市，这让我很难过。根据上下文可知，Li Ming是男性，所以此处需用形容词性物主代词his。故将her改为his。10.考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构和句意，这里应该是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子her family moved to another city，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需应该用 which引导定语从句，what常用来
126、引导名词性从句。故将what改为which。第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 学校校园网站英文栏目开展题为“我心中的美丽乡村”征文活动。请根据以下内容投稿：1.生态环境；2.生活条件；3.精神面貌。 注意：1.词数100左右；2.题目已为你写好。The Charming Village in My Eyes_【答案】The Charming Village in My EyesThe charming village in my eyes is a place where people are living a peaceful, happy and healthy life.Surrounde
127、d by green mountains and beautiful lakes, the village takes on a nice look, with neat paths and furnished houses. The roads leading to all directions are broad and clean. In addition, villagers have easy access to clean water and the Internet. It is convenient for them to sell their products through various platforms online, thus improving their lives. It is the harmonious environment and the colorful life that make everyone optimistic and in high spirits.This is the beautiful picture of the village in my mind.
