1、单元综合检测(二)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWashington，D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.Duration：3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the worldfamous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, DC.Your
2、 guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration：3 hours(4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments
3、 in Washington，D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.The guided tour includes bikes，helmets，cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.Duration：3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the
4、 perfect tour for DC.newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, DC.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling bet
5、ween the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration：3 hours(7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington，D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Fre
6、quent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.The tour includes bikes，helmets，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在华盛顿特区骑自行车观光的四条路线。1Which tour do you need to book in advance?ACherry Blossom Bik
7、e Tour in Washington，D.C.BWashington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.CCapital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.DWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.A细节理解题。根据第一条旅行路线介绍中的最后一句“Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear！”可知，选择第一条旅行路线需要提前预订。2What will you do on the
8、Capital City Bike Tour?AMeet famous people.BGo to a national park.CVisit wellknown museums.DEnjoy interesting stories.D细节理解题。根据第三条旅行路线介绍中的“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress，memorials，and parks.”可知，选择这条旅行路线的游客可以在观光过程中听导游讲有趣的故事。3Which
9、of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?ACity maps.BCameras.CMeals.DSafety lights.D细节理解题。第四条旅行路线是夜间游览，根据该部分的最后一句“All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.”可知，该路线为夜间骑车观光的游客提供反光背心和安全灯。BFuturologists(未来学家)predict that life will probably be very different in 2050 i
10、n all the fields of activity, from entertainment to technology.First of all, it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050.Instead，people will choose a programme from a“menu”(菜 单)and a computer will send the programme directly to the television.Today，we can use the World Wide Web to read n
11、ewspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometres away.By 2050，music, films, programmes, newspapers and books will come to us by computer.We will also be able to see, smell and touch the things that we see on television.In transport，cars will run on new，clean “gas” and they wil
12、l go very fast.Cars will have computers to control the speed and there wont be any accidents.Today，many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are.By 2050，the computer will control the car and drive it to where you want to go.Space planes will fly all over the world and people will
13、 fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.In technology，robots will have replaced people in factories.Many factories already use robots.Big companies prefer robotsthey do not ask for pay rises or go on strike，and they work 24 hours a day.By 2050，we will see robots everywherein factories, scho
14、ols，offices，hospitals, shops and homes.Last but not least，medicine technology will have conquered many diseases.By 2050，we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again.Scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look, how they behave and how much in
15、telligence they have.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章从娱乐、交通、机器人、医药学等角度对2050年人类生活的变化进行了展望。4What is NOT true about television by 2050 according to this passage?AOne will be able to smell the food on television.BOne can have a try of the food he or she sees on television.CThere will be no channels for us to choose pr
16、ogrammes.DTelevisions will be completely controlled by computers.B细节理解题。第一段最后一句提及未来人们可以看、闻、触摸电视上的东西，但没有提及可以品尝。故B项表述与文章不符。5What can be the development of transport that benefits people most by 2050?ACars will go at a very high speed on their own.BSpace planes will fly all over the world in a short ti
17、me.CThere will be less pollution and no car accidents.DComputers will tell people where they are going.C细节理解题。第二段前两句提及“cleangas”与“there wont be any accidents”，因此 C 项正确。6It can be implied in the last paragraph that by 2050_Apeople will live more healthily and longer Bcomputers will control the speed
18、of carsCpeople can read newspapers through a computerDthere will be no people working in factoriesA推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“medicine technology will have conquered many diseases”判断，未来人们会更健康、更长寿。7What is the authors attitude towards peoples life in future?ADoubtful.BSad.CHappy.DWorried.C观点态度题。作者在叙述未来生活各个领域的变化时
19、，给予了积极评价，如 clean，in just two hours，prefer，conquer等词汇的应用，体现了作者积极乐观的态度。因此选C。CThe Silk Road is arguably the most famous longdistance trade route of the ancient world.This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East，and allowed the exchange of goods，technology，and ideas between the two c
20、ivilizations.Although merchants could make huge profits travelling the road，it was not without risk.The main Silk Road started in Changan (known today as Xian)，the early Han Dynastys capital.Travelers commencing their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across Chi
21、nas northwestern provinces.After this，they would face the Gobi Desert，arguably the greatest danger of the Silk Road.The Gobi Desert，a large desert region in Asia，consists mainly of rocky，hard earth.This feature made it easier for traders to travel across，compared to sandy deserts like the neighborin
22、g Taklamakan Desert.Like other deserts，the Gobi Desert is dry and hot，and therefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was obtaining enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.So，rest stops were created along the route，allowing travelers to rest，eat and drink.These places also promot
23、ed the exchange of goods，and even ideas，among the travelers who stopped there.Usually，the rest stops were placed within a days journey of each other.In this way，travelers could avoid spending too much time in the desert，which would make them targets for robbers，another danger of the Silk Road.Once t
24、hrough the Gobi Desert，travelers would continue their journey into Iran，Turkey，and finally Europe.While this part of the journey may have been less dangerous，it is not entirely without its perils.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了著名的丝绸之路，具体分析了古丝绸之路的重重危险，如沿途地理环境恶劣，路途可能遭遇歹徒抢劫等。1The underlined word “it” in the first paragr
25、aph refers to _Amaking huge profitsBtraveling the Silk RoadCexchanging goods and ideasDconnecting different civilizationsB词义猜测题。画线词所在句前一分句表示，尽管穿越丝绸之路的商人可以挣得高额利润；后一分句表示，这并非毫无风险。由此可推知，it指代的应是穿越丝绸之路。故选B项。2Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts?AThe deserts surface was easier to walk
26、 on.BCamels for transportation were easier to find.CIt was smaller and could be crossed in less time.DThere were more natural water sources available.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Gobi Desert, a large desert region in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. This feature made it easier for traders to travel
27、 across”可知，戈壁沙漠比其他沙漠容易穿越是因为戈壁沙漠地表主要是多岩石的坚硬地面。故选A项。3What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert?ATravelers were offered free accommodation.BThey were located around the edges of the desert.CTravelers staying there were often attacked by criminals.DThey were shared by travelers from diff
28、erent countries.D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink. These places also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, among the travelers who stopped there.”可知，丝绸之路沿途驿站是世界各国旅行者共享的。故选D项。4What is the passage mainly about?AThe origin of
29、 the Silk Road.BThe benefits of the Silk Road.CThe difficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.DThe cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段最后一句点明主题：穿越丝绸之路具有风险。第二段至第四段具体说明了途经丝绸之路的风险：沿途地理环境恶劣(戈壁、沙漠)，路途可能遭遇歹徒抢劫。最后一段最后一句又总述指出了其危险性。由此可知，本文主要介绍了途经丝绸之路面临的重重困难。故选C项。DAfter having a hea
30、vy lunch, when we continue our work in office, we tend to feel drowsyIt may strengthen so much that we find it difficult to keep our eyes open.At that time, many of us wish we could have a small bed next to our desks where we can take a rest! Sometimes, we even get a sense of guilt for fear that we
31、may commit some mistakes in the work we are doing at that time.Some people may think that there must be something wrong with their health.Usually, our lunch consists of heavy foods that make the stomachs full.So, most of the blood is directed toward the stomachs where the digestion is taking place.A
32、s a result, the brain receives much less amount of oxygen than it usually gets.This condition gives rise to drowsiness which is also accompanied by a sense of tiredness.During digestion of the foods, stomach acids are produced to help with digestion but they also change the PH values of the blood an
33、d make it alkaline(碱性的)Generally speaking, the PH values of the blood from 7.35 to 7.45 are normal.This alkalinity of blood can lead to the drowsy feeling.If you observe carefully, you will find that when you eat foods like pasta or bakery products, you tend to feel sleepier.These foods make the sug
34、ar levels in the blood higher than normal.Thus wed better make some changes on the foods that make up our lunch.Avoid potatoes, pasta, desserts and sweets and eat less.Besides, we should stay away from drinks rich in caffeine, such as coffee.The fact is that it can make you think clearly only for a
35、brief period of time.After that, you will start feeling sleepy all over again.Walking a few minutes after lunch is the best way to get rid of the drowsiness.This will improve the flow of blood in the body and will limit the blood sugar.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了午饭后犯困的原因以及如何避免这一现象。12How do heavy foods
36、 make us sleepy?ABy making the brain lack oxygen and the PH values of the blood alkaline.BBy keeping our eyes from being open.CBy making the digestion take place in the stomachs.DBy making us find a small bed to take a rest.A细节理解题。根据第二段的描述可知，大量难消化的食物使我们的胃很撑，然后大量的血液涌入胃部消化食物，从而导致大脑缺氧，并导致血液的PH值呈碱性，故选A项
37、。13Why do we sometimes feel guilty after having a heavy lunch?ABecause we cant help worrying about our health.BBecause we may drink lots of our companys coffee.CBecause eating may take up our working time.DBecause we fear we may do something wrong in the work.D推理判断题。根据第一段第四句可知，人们担心因为犯困而在工作中犯错，所以有罪恶感
38、。注意原文中的“commit some mistakes”和选项中的“do something wrong”为同义替换，故选D项。14The underlined word “drowsy” in the first paragraph means “_”AnegativeBexcitedCenergeticDsleepyD词义猜测题。根据画线单词下一句以及“.wish we could have a small bed next to our desks where we can take a rest”可知，此处指午饭后犯困，由此可推测，drowsy困的；昏昏欲睡的，与sleepy意思相近
39、，故选D项。15Whats the main idea of the last paragraph?AHow to get rid of our bad eating habits.BHow to improve our health without much effort.CHow to get rid of sleepiness in the afternoon.DHow to keep our blood flowing at a normal speed.C段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，该段主要讲述了如何通过改变午餐膳食结构、饭后散步等方式消除午后疲倦，故选C项。第二节(共5小题；
40、每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。While it is impossible to live completely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it cant be avoided.The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for ways to deal
41、with stress.Try physical activity.When you are nervous, angry or upset, try releasing (释放) the pressure through exercise or physical activity. 16 Take care of yourself.You should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest.If you easily get angry and cannot sleep well enough, or if youre not e
42、ating properly, it will be more likely that you will fall into situations of stress. 17 Make time for yourself. 18 Dont forget, play can be just as important as work.You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun.Go window shopping or work on a hobby.Allow yourself at least a ha
43、lf hour each day to do something you enjoy. 19 Stress can result from disorganization (杂乱无章) and a feeling that“theres so much to do, and not enough time.”Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and, as a result, you may not achieve anything.Instead, make a list of everythi
44、ng you have to do, and then do one thing at a time. 20 Set out to do the most important tasks first.ABear in mind the most important task.BSchedule time for both work and play.CCheck off each task as it is completed.DMake a list of the things you need to do.EFor example, you could take your job as y
45、our hobby.FIf stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult a doctor.GRunning, walking, or playing tennis are just some of the activities you might try.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条减轻压力的建议。16G根据标题“Try physical activity.”可知，本段主要介绍通过体育运动来减压；G项介绍了几种体育运动，与标题切合。17F根据标题“Take care of yourself.”和
46、本段的整体内容可知，本段主要介绍了“如何照顾自己”；据此可以判断，F选项“如果压力反复地让你无法入睡，你应该咨询医生”符合文意。“cannot sleep well enough”是提示。18B根据空后的“Dont forget, play can be just as important as work.”可知，空处谈论的是如何分配工作和娱乐的时间，故选B项。19D根据本段中的“Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, and then do one thing at a time.”可知，本段主要介绍了“列出你需要做的事情”这一方
47、法，故D项正确。20C根据上句中的“and then do one thing at a time”可以判断，空处介绍对安排的任务的检查情况，故C项切合文意。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。People get truly happy and succeed by becoming the best and the most genuine(真实 的)version of themselves，not on the outside，but on the insid
48、e.Its not about a brand or a 21 Its about reality: who you really are.It sounds simple，I know.The problem is that its very hard to do, it takes a lot of work, and it can take a lifetime to 22 it out.Nothing worth doing in life is ever easy.If you want to do great work，its going to take a lot of hard
49、 work.And you have to walk out of your comfort zone and take some 23 that will scare you so much.But whats the sense of life if you cannot find yourself and try to become the best?Thats what Steve Jobs 24 when he said, “Your time is 25 ， so dont waste it living someone elses life.Dont let the noise
50、of others opinions drown out(淹没) your own inner 26 You have to 27 somethingyour gut ( 直 觉 ), fate, life, or whatever.”This approach has never let me down, and it has 28 to my life.Now, lets be 29 about this for a moment.Insightful as that advice may be, it sounds a little too 30 to resonate(引起 共 鸣)
51、with todays quickfix culture.These days, if you cant tell people exactly what to do and how to do it, it will fall on deaf ears.What Jobs was talking about，or what Im talking about，requires focus and discipline，two things that are very hard to 31 these days.Why? Because focus and discipline are hard
52、.Its so much easier to give in to distraction.Theres a business concept called opportunity cost.When you choose one course of action，you will miss out on all the other opportunities you might choose to 32 People 33 stop to consider that until its too late.And yet, the opportunity for adventure is ri
53、ght there in front of each and every one of us.Until you take it，youll never know what you might 34 All you have to do is to 35 the journey.So, take action!【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。每个人都要努力做最好的自己，而不是浪费时间去过别人的生活。生活中值得做的事情都不容易做到，采取行动，迈出第一步。21ApersonalityBqualityCtalentDreputationD该空和 brand 并列，且根据后面的“Its about re
54、ality”可推知，此处表示这不是品牌或声誉的问题，这是关于现实的。故选D。22AputBleaveCfigureDcheckC该句和前一句“it takes a lot of work”并列，因此该句表达的意思应为：弄清楚这个问题需要一辈子的时间。figure out意为“弄清楚，弄明白”。故选C。23ArewardsBchancesCadvantagesDresponsibilitiesD此处表示你不得不走出你的舒适区，承担一些会让你很害怕的责任。 根据后面的“that will scare you so much”可知，该空指的是让你害怕的东西。结合选项可知，此处应指“去承担让你很害怕的
55、责任”。故选D。24AplannedBmeantCmentionedDinformedB史蒂夫乔布斯说过：你的时间是有限的，所以，要做真实的自我，不要让别人的意见淹没你内心的声音。结合上下文可知，此处表示那就是他所言之意。故选B。25AendlessBabundantCrandomDlimitedD根据后面的“so dont waste it living someone elses life”可知，时间是”有限的”，所以不要浪费。故选D。26AmindBvoiceCactionDheartB参见第24题解析。故选B。27AtrustBdenyCadmireDforgetA句意：你必须相信某些
56、东西你的直觉、命运、生活或其他任何东西。前文说不要让别人的意见淹没了你内心的声音。因此，该句应指：你必须相信某些东西。故选A。28Adrawn close attentionBattached great importanceCmade all the differenceDstruck a sensitive nerveC根据空前的“This approach has never let me down”可知，这种方法从未让作者失望过，对作者的生活产生了很大的影响。故选C。29ArealisticBenthusiasticCenergeticDoptimisticA根据下文内容可知，作者要结
57、合现在的实际情况来探讨这个问题。故选A。30AchallengingBdynamicCfragileDconsistentA此处表示这个建议可能很有见地，但它听起来有点太具有挑战性了，很难与当今的快节奏文化产生共鸣。分析上下文可知，前后两句之间是转折关系。故选A。31Acome byBstand byClook forDcare forA根据后面的“Because focus and discipline are hard”可知，专注和自律很难。由此可知，该句指的是“现在，专注和自律很难得到”。come by得到，作短暂拜访；stand by支持，袖手旁观；look for 寻找；care f
58、or 关心，喜欢。故选A。32ApreserveBpursueCcreateDabandonB此处表示当你选择了一种行动方式，你就会错过所有其他你可能选择追求的机会。故选B。33AfrequentlyBrarelyCactivelyDpassivelyB此处表示人们很少会停下来思考这个问题，直到为时已晚。该空应填一个表示否定意思的词。故选B。34AachieveBsurviveCbelieveDrelieveA此处表示直到你抓住机会，你才知道你会得到什么。故选A。35AenjoyBexpectCdesignDstartD既然不知道自己会得到什么，因此，你所要做的就是“开始”你的旅程。故选D。第
59、二节(共10小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分15分)阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be very difficult to let go of your anger.But forgiveness is possibleand it can be 36._ (surprising) valuable to your physical and mental health.So far, research 37._(show) that people who forgive can
60、have more energy, better appetite and better sleep.“People who forgive show 38._ (little) anger and more hopefulness，”says Dr Fred Luskin, who wrote the book Forgive for Good.“So it can help reduce the tiredness and allow people 39._ (feel) more energetic.”So when someone has hurt you, cool down fir
61、st.Take a couple of breaths and think of something 40._ gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.Dont wait for an 41._ (apologize)“Many times someone who hurt you may never think of apologizing，” says Dr Luskin.“They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see thing
62、s 42._ same way.”Next，keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean 43._ (accept) the action of the person who upsets you.Instead, learn to look for love，beauty and kindness around you.Finally, try to see things 44._ the other persons perspective (角度)You may realize that he or she was acti
63、ng out of ignorance(无知)To gain perspective, you can write a letter to 45._ (you) from that persons point of view.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者在文中论述了当你在感情上被别人伤害时，要学会宽恕以使自己保持积极的心态。36surprisingly考查词性转换。空处修饰valuable，故要用其副词形式。37has shown考查时态。时间状语So far意为“到目前为止”，故谓语动词应用现在完成时。38less考查形容词的比较级。此处指“会宽恕的人会表现出更少的愤怒和更多的希望”。
64、此处用less与后面的more在形式上保持一致。39to feel考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to do sth.是惯用搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，故填to feel。40that考查定语从句。“_ gives you pleasure”是定语从句，修饰先行词something，空处是关系词且作定语从句的主语，因为先行词是不定代词，所以只能用关系代词that。41apology考查词性转换。空处作wait for的宾语，且由空前的an可知，空处用名词单数形式。42the考查冠词。same前常用定冠词the，意为“相同的”。43accepting考查非谓语动词。mean在此处意为“意味着
65、”，后面要用动词ing形式作宾语，意为“宽恕不一定意味着接受让你烦恼的那个人的行为”。44from考查介词。from.perspective是惯用搭配，意为“从角度”。45yourself考查代词。此处表示“你可以以那个人的观点给自己写信”。当作宾语的代词与主语指同一人或物时，这个代词要用反身代词。故填yourself。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter来信和你就野生动物的保护展开讨论。请你写一封回信，内容包括：1野生动物所处的现状；2保护野生动物面临的困难；3你的想法。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【参考范
66、文】Dear Peter，Im writing to discuss with you about wildlife protection.As we know，some wildlife is in danger due to environmental destruction and many wild animals are on the edge of extinction because of hunting.Though its necessary to take measures to help those animals, the measures are difficult
67、to carry out.Firstly，many people lack the awareness of wildlife protection, resulting in hunting the animals illegally.Besides, few people are willing to provide money for animal protection as they think it is of no use to them.In my opinion，the government should make more laws to protect wildlife.L
68、ast but not least，I think it is everyones duty to protect wildlife.Im looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Advertising plays a major role in the competitive business world.Many industries take advantage of the power of advertising to attract or to win custome
69、rs away from their business competitors.The influence of advertising is so huge that it causes many people to buy things that they dont want at the start.Advertising encourages people to buy things they dont want through misleading ideas.Advertising is proven to be a successful tool to stress the fe
70、atures of their products to the public even though its regarded undesirable such as cigarettes, drugs, alcohol and so on.For example, Duhill, a cigarette company which sponsors many football teams, seems to be promoting cigarettes to the public.Without the sponsorship, the company will be less known
71、 to the public, resulting in fewer sales of cigarettes.Besides that，advertising has a large influence on the decisions made by the people in their everyday life.Many businesses use advertising as a form of promoting to create awareness about their products in the market.For instance，in a fast food i
72、ndustry，the introduction of a new flavor of burger needs advertising to reach the public while the other burgers require advertising to increase sales.Children，especially，are easily influenced by advertisements and will have the desire to dine at fast food restaurants after that.Although fast food i
73、s bad for health, it has successfully become appealing to the public through advertising.However, advertising plays a part in helping customers to compare a product in terms of price，quality，reliability and so on.Without advertising，it will be very difficult for customers to judge the worthiness of
74、a product.For example，advertisements published by various companies have given the customers the opportunity to choose wisely when they are purchasing an item.Without the power of advertising，customers will be stuck to a brand which may not offer the best choice.【参考范文】Advertising is essential to man
75、y companies and serves as an instrument to appeal to customers.(要点1)Advertising, tempting customers into buying products sometimes unfavorable，turns out to promote the sales.(要点2)But for advertising, people might not have acquainted themselves with the products.(要点3)To its credit, people can make decisions more wisely by contrast.(要点4)
