1、河南益阳市2016高考英语：阅读理解专题二轮训练（5）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。(Pantomime)Pantomimes like pageants, need to be very well planned, and it is essential that initial organization should begin many weeks in advance of the production date. Pantomimes are nearly always divided into separate scenes, very
2、 often taking place in different countries or even in different centuries. It is therefore necessary that there should be an overall unity of design culminating in the grand finale. This latter is really just an excuse for visual effects, and for once the performers become merely cloths hangers on w
3、hich to put elaborate garments.The scene should be discussed at some length with the producer so that the background, which is decided upon, does not present impossibilities for the provision of costumes within the budget or insuperable making problems for the wardrobe. Because of the large numbers
4、of costumes needed full use must be made of the cheapest materials available, such as tarlatan (thin, stiff, open-weave muslin) nets and inexpensive cottons and taffetas. Very often it is possible to pick up goods that have been substantially reduced in price as cheap lines either in the big stores
5、or on stalls in street markets.Costumes for pantomimes need to be imaginative, gay and fairly bold in conceptionthis does not mean that they need to be garish. Usually in one scene there needs to be the flavor of what is newest at the moment in clothes. It is always a good idea to make use of a mode
6、rn gimmick and to point it in some way if this can be conveniently fitted into the scheme. The audience comes to pantomime to have the eye feasted as much as for any other purpose, thus making a great chance for the designer to excel. Because of the very varied audience to be catered for there must
7、be costumes to please patrons of all ages and delight the eyes of toddlers, teenagers, parents and grandparents.Usually there is the chance for some country scene involving merry-making peasants in ginghams, stripes of chintzes. There may be a military or naval routine or some number emphasizing pre
8、cision and calling for trim slick costumes. There is certain to be a ballet which is to look fairy-like or romantic and pretty and which may well need either classical or romantic tutus. The finale, which must be the most spectacular of all, is often set in a ballroom or palace where all the charact
9、ers come together to make their final bows; and it is for this scene that the glitter of sequins and jewels, the sparkle of tinsel, the gold and silver materials and the waving plumes should be saved.It may be helpful to examine the different characters and the various scenes in which they are likel
10、y to appear. They remain much the same in all pantomimes; the flavor varying according to the settingso that a sdash of the Orient, or the particular feeling of a historical epoch is added to the standard costume.1. Which word can best describe the final scene in pantomime?A. Spectacular. . Beautifu
11、l. C. Romantic. D. Sparkling.2. What is the best title for this passage?A. How to Gain Success of a Pantomime. The Most Important Factors in a Pantomime.C. Pantomime needs to have a very-well.D. How to Make Preparation for a Pantomime.3. What does paragraph two imply?A. It implies actor and actress
12、outnumber costume. It implies costume costs too much.C. It implies the funds available is on meager side.D. It implies a good plan is necessary for a pantomime.4. The success of a pantomime lie inA. well-planned preparation. . excellent actors.C. brilliant costume. D. harmony.Vocabulary1. culminate
13、达到顶点，达到最高潮2. insuperable 不可逾越的，不可克服的3. tarlatan 薄纱，塔拉丹4. taffeta 花花绿绿的塔夫绸，衬绸5. gimmick （魔术师道具等）暗机关，6. garish 装饰（物） 鲜艳夺目的，俗不可耐的7. gingham 方格花布8. stripe 条纹布，斜纹布9. chintz 擦光印花棉布10. slick 光滑的，打扮漂亮的，华而不实的，讨人喜欢的11. tutu （芭蕾舞女演员）短裙12. sequin 装饰服装用的圆形小金属片13. tinsel 金银丝织品，闪亮装饰品难句译注1. This latter is really ju
14、st an excuse for visual effects, and for once the performers become merely cloths hangers on which to put elaborate garments.结构简析 for once= for just once 就这一次参考译文 后者确实就是为了视觉效果，就这一次，演员成了仅仅是套上精致衣服的衣架子。2. Usually in one scene there needs to be the flavor of what is newest at the moment in clothes. It i
15、s always a good idea to make use of a modern gimmick and to point it in some way if this can be conveniently fitted into the scheme.结构简析 两句句子。To make use of 利用，to point 强调。参考译文 一般说来，在一幕里，需要有当时服装上最新款式和风格。如果便于和演出设计相吻合的话，利用当时的机关并给以适当突出也不失为好办法。3. The audience comes to pantomime to have the eye feasted a
16、s much as for any other purpose, thus making a great chance for the designer to excel。结构简析 注意后面thus making的译法。参考译文 观众来看哑剧，不仅为了大饱眼福，还有其它目的。这就给了设计者展示才能超越别人的大好机会。写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇论述哑剧准备工作的文章。文章一开始就点明主题。然后从钱，剧幕，服装，色彩，情趣等方面加以阐明，手法多种。答案祥解1. A. 最后一幕非常壮观。文章内两处提到，第一段第二句“哑剧几乎总是分成独立的几幕，常常是发生在不同的国家和不同的世纪，因此，在宏伟的最后
17、一幕有一个达到高潮完整统一设计。”第四段第四行末尾“最后一幕，必须是全戏最壮观的，地点常常是在舞厅或者皇宫，聚集着所有的演员，以备谢幕。”B. 美丽的。 C. 浪漫的。 D. 灿烂的，都只是壮观中之一部分。2. D. 如何为哑剧做好准备工作。文章一开始“哑剧，像露天演出剧一样，需要很好策划，应在演出前好几个星期作好最初的组织工作。”后面几段都是围绕这一中心而写。A. 如何获取哑剧的成功，文中提得很少但准备的目的是获得成功。 B. 哑剧的最重要的因素。 C. 哑剧需要一个很好的设计，都是准备工作中提及的部分内容。3. C. 隐射能得到的资金很少。第二段“剧幕场景应和舞台监督进行详细的讨论。这样决
18、定下来的场景不会出现预算内金额不能提供服装，或剧团服装难以供应的问题。由于需要剧装量大，要充分利用能得到的最便宜的材料，类似薄纱，低价棉布和衬绸之类。可以在大商店或马路地摊上选购一些降价的便宜货品。”这一段说明他们的资金相当少，所以C 正确。A. 演员认输超过了服装数。 B. 服装太贵，文中都没有提到。也不是第二段的内涵。 D. 哑剧需要一个好计划。一开始就点明，不用隐射。4. A. 充分计划好的准备工作。如果没有计划，其他三点都谈不上。因为B. 优秀演员。 C. 华丽的戏装。 D. 和谐，都四计划内考虑的因素。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
19、FRIDAY, Dec5, 2008College students who think all-night study sessions will help them remember facts might want to get some sleep insteadThats the message from a new study that finds that as you sleep, the mind consolidates the things you learn during the day Study participants who learned how to pla
20、y a video game in the morning or evening did a better job the next day after a nights rest, apparently because their brains were actively absorbing what theyd learned as they sleptThe finding shows that sleep is not just a passive state when no information is coming in, said Howard Nusbaum, a profes
21、sor of psychology at the University of ChicagoFor the study, the researchers recruited 200 college studentsMost of them werent very familiar with playing video gamesSome of the participants learned how to play the games in the morning, while others learned in the eveningThe researchers then tested t
22、he subjects on the video games 12 hours later and 24 hours laterThose who took part in the morning training sessions showed an average eight-percentage-point improvement in their performance immediately after trainingThey performed more poorlyscoring four percentage points better12 hours laterBut th
23、ey scored 10 percentage points better the next morningIf we train you in the morning and come back at the end of the day, you forget some of what you learned, Nusbaum saidBut if you sleep after that, it restores some of what you learned The students who took part in the evening training sessions per
24、formed better the next morning after sleeping, than they did after being trainedThe role that dreams play in the learning processif anyisnt clearBut some dreams could serve as a kind of practice for the brain, Nusbaum saidIf you play a video game a lot, and youre playing in your dreams, maybe that c
25、ould help you learnJerry Siegel, professor at the Center for Sleep Research at the University of Calfornia, Los Angeles, said going without sleep hurts performance, but hes not convinced that sleep itself actively contributes to learning If you take a break for a few hours, it can easily be shown th
26、at learning did occur, because performance is better at the start of a new learning session than it was at the end of the initial session, he saidNo sleep needs to occur for this to happen Still, Siegel suggested that sleep before learning a skill is crucialFor long-term retention, it is more import
27、ant to be well rested and therefore attentive when you are doing the learning than afterwards, he saidIt is even better if you dont have to choose and get your natural amounts of sleep every day 9What does the underlined word want （in Paragraph 1） mean? AlackBwish CdesireDneed 10What is mainly talke
28、d about in this text? AThe effect of video games on learningBThe relation between sleep and learningCThe role of dreams in the learning processDThe difference between morning and evening trainings11What would be the best title for the text? ASleep strengthens learningBDreams clearly help learningCA
29、break before learning is betterDVideo games improve performance12Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? ATraining in the morning showed better results at onceBLearning wont occur during sleeping without dreamsCSleeping well helps to absorb what one learnedDStudying all n
30、ight helps to remember more facts【参考答案】 9-12 DBAC 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。The Queens English is now sounding less upper-class, a scientific study of the Queens Christmas broadcasts had found. Researchers have studied each of her messages to the Commonwealth countries since 1952 to f
31、ind out the change in her pronunciation from the noble Upper Received to the Standard Received. Jonathan Harrington, a professor at Germanys University of Munich, wanted to discover whether accent (口音) changers recorded over the past half century would take place within one person. “As far as I know
32、, there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records,” he said.He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels (元音) had gradually lost ground as the noble upper-class accent over the past years. “Her accent sounds slightly less noble than it did 50 years ago. But these are very,
33、very small and slow changes that we dont notice from year to year.”“We may be able to relate it to changes in the social classes,” he told The Daily Telegraph, a British newspaper. “In 1952 she would have been heard saying thet men in the bleck het. Now it would be that man in the black hat. And ham
34、e rather than home. In the 1950s she would have been lorst, but by the 1970s lost.”The Queens broadcast is a personal message to the Commonwealth countries. Each Christmas, the 10-minute broadcast is put on TV at 3 pm in Britain as many families are recovering from their traditional turkey lunch. (传
35、统火鸡午餐).The results were published (发表) in the Journal of Phonetics.46. The Queens broadcasts were chosen for the study mainly because _. A. she has been Queen for many years B. she has a less upper-class accent now C. her speeches are familiar to many people D. her speeches have been recorded for 50
36、 years47. Which of the following is an example of a less noble accent in English? A. “duaty” B. “citee” C. “hame” D. “lorst” 48. We may infer from the text that the Journal of Phonetics is a magazine on _. A. speech sounds B. Christmas customsC. TV broadcasting D. personal messages49. What is the te
37、xt mainly about?A. The relationship between accents and social classes.B. The Queens Christmas speeches on TV.C. The changes in a persons accent.D. The recent development of the English language.【参考答案】4649、DBAC阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。选材相似度： 设题相似度： 难度系数：George Bernard Shaw (18561950)
38、 was born in Dublin，the son of a civil servant.His education was irregular，due to his dislike of any organized training.After working in an estate agents office for a while he moved to London as a young man (1876)，where he established himself as a leading music and theatre critic in the eighties and
39、 nineties.He began his literary career as a novelist; he decided to write plays in order to illustrate his criticism of the English stage.His earliest dramas were called appropriately Plays Pleasant and Unpleasant (1898)Among these，Widowers Houses and Mrs.Warrens Profession heavily attack social hyp
40、ocrisy.In the plays of his later period discussion sometimes drowns the drama，in Back to Methuselah (1921)，although in the same period he worked on his masterpiece Saint Joan (1923)，in which he rewrites the wellknown story of the French maiden and extends it from the Middle Ages to the present.Other
41、 important plays by Shaw are Caesar and Cleopatra (1901)，and the Lion (1912)In Major Barbara (1905)，one of Shaws most successful discussion plays，the audiences attention is held by the power of the witty argumentation that man can achieves aesthetic salvation only through political activity，not as a
42、n individual.The Doctors Dilemma (1906)，is really a comedy the humour of which is directed at the medical profession.Candida (1898)，with social attitudes toward sex relations as objects of his satire，and Pygmalion (1912)，a witty study of phonetics as well as a clever treatment of middleclass moralit
43、y and class distinction，proved some of Shaws greatest successes on the stage.It is a combination of the dramatic，the comic，and the social corrective that gives Shaws comedies their special flavour.Notes： critic n评论家hypocrisy n伪善aesthetic salvation审美救赎长短句分析：After working in an estate agents office fo
44、r a while he moved to London as a young man (1876)，where he established himself as a leading music and theatre critic (评论家) in the eighties and nineties.句法点睛：本句中，where引导定语从句，修饰London。句意：在一家房地产公司工作了一段时间后，年轻的他只身去了伦敦。在八九十年代，他成了具有领先地位的音乐与戏剧评论家。【语篇解读】 本文介绍了萧伯纳的生活及其作品。1Why didnt George Bernard Shaw have r
45、egular school education? ABecause his family was poor.BBecause he wanted to work outside.CBecause he hated being educated in school.DBecause he decided to give up schooling and wanted to be a writer.答案C细节理解题。从“His education was irregular，due to his dislike of any organized training.”可知，因为不喜欢任何有组织的训练
46、，因此他没有受过正规教育。2The early works of Shaws aimed to _.Areflect the darkness of societyBsing high praise for the good life at the timeCreflect the glory of the governmentDwrite about his own life答案A细节理解题。从“Among these，Widowers Houses and Mrs.Warrens Profession heavily attack social hypocrisy”可知，他早期的作品揭露了
47、当时社会的黑暗。3What do the last two paragraphs mainly tell us?AHow Bernard Shaw changed from a leading music and theatre critic to novelist.BHow his works styles changed over time.CThe characteristic of his later works.DSome famous works of his late life.答案D主旨大意题。最后两段主要介绍了萧伯纳后来的一些作品。C有一定的干扰性，文章涉及了他的一些作品内容，对于风格没有提到。4According to the writer，which play shows Bernard Shaws great ability in treatment of middleclass morality and class distinction?ACaesar and Cleopatra.BThe Doctors Dilemma. CCandida.DPygmalion.答案D细节理解题。通过文章最后一段对窈窕淑女的介绍可知，他在这本书里面体现出了自己对语音学、中产阶层以及社会差别的认识能力。
