1、Unit 5The power of nature核心单词volcanovolcanicvolcanology1._ n.火山_ adj.火山的_n.火山学_ n.火山学家volcanologist2._ vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生_ n.火山爆发；(战争等)爆发erupteruption3._ adv.在旁边；沿着边prep.在旁边；沿着的边alongsideequipmentequip4._ n.设备；装备_ v.装备；配备5._ vt.任命；委派_ n.约定；任命_ adj.约定的；被指定的appointappointment6._ vt.评估；评价；估计_ n.评估7._ vi.&
2、vt.泉水般地喷出或涌出n.喷泉；源泉8._ adj.绝对的；完全的_ adv.绝对地；完全地appointedevaluateevaluation9._ n.一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜_absoluteabsolutelyadj.合适的fountainsuitablesuit10._ n.潜在性；可能性；潜能adj.可能的；潜在的potentialactualactuallythreat11._ adj.实在的；实际的_ adv.实际地12._ n.恐吓；威胁_ v.恐吓；威胁_ adj.受到威胁的；感到恐惧的threaten13._ adj.贵重的；珍贵的threatened14.
3、_ adj.不舒服的；不舒适的_adj.舒服的；舒适的_ n.舒服；舒适_ n.不舒服；不舒适preciousuncomfortablecomfortablecomfortdiscomfortunconsciousconscious15._ adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的_adj.有知觉的；有感觉的16._ vi.摇晃；摇动；颤抖_ adj.颤抖的；摇晃的trembletrembling17._ adj.忧虑的；不安的_ n.担心；焦虑；渴望_ adv.不安地18._ vi.&vt.惊慌n.惊慌；恐慌anxiousanxietyanxiouslypanicdiversediversitydive
4、rsify19._ adj.多种多样的；不同的_ n.多种多样；多样性_ v.使多样化20._ n.欣赏；感激；感谢_ vt.欣赏；感激appreciationappreciate22._ vt.保证；担保guarantee21._ n.信 服；说 服 _ v.说 服；使信服persuadepersuasionprotectappointedburngroundabout常考短语1._.from.保护免受伤害2.be_ as 被委派为distance3._ to the _ 全部焚毁4.be _ to do sth.即将做某事；立即做某事5.in the_ 在远处makeway6._ ones
5、 _ 前往7._ through 匆匆看一遍glancetakevaryhomegivebirth8._ notice 留意；注意9._ from.to.由到不等10.be _ to 是的栖息地11._ _ to 产生；生产12._ a _ for 对有天赋havegift经典佳句Havingcollectedandevaluated1._theinformation,I help other scientists to predict where lava from thevolcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预
6、测火山熔岩将往何处流，流速是多少。2.I _ _ _ go back to sleep whensuddenly my bedroom became _ _ _ day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。wasabouttoasbrightasItissaidthat3._ _ _ _ this boy,who hada great gift for languages and persuasion,is the father of theManchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。课文回顾interestingscientificboredMy j
7、ob is to travel to unusual places and meet 1._(interest)people from all over the world.I use 2._(science)instruments in my work and meet with local people and tourists,and I am never 3._(bore).As a volcanologist,I collectinformation about Mount Kilauea.My job is 4._(occasion)dangerous;I dont mind5._
8、 danger interestsme and makes me feel alive.6._is known,when lava fromthe volcano flows,many houses 7._(be)covered withoccasionallybecauseAswill becausesunderabsolutelylava or be burnt to the ground.All the lava passing slowly down themountain 8._(cause)more damage because it burieseverything in its
9、 path 9._ the molten rock.I onceexperienced an eruption.When it broke out,red lava was fountainedhundreds of meters into the air,and it was an 10._(absolute)fantastic sight.单句语法填空1.(2019 年江苏卷阅读理解B)Most of us,when we talkabout _(volcano),think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro,w
10、hich are created when _(erupt)magma(岩浆)piles up.volcanoeserupting2.(2019 年浙江卷阅读理解 A)This medal was very _(preciously)to my parents.precious3.More than once he has told me his desire that he should beappointed _(do)another job of the department.4.I was about to hand in the paper _ I found anothermist
11、ake and then corrected it carefully.5.This _(be)my first performance,I was so worriedthat I kept on reading the script again and again.6.My color TV set is only one year old and it is still _guarantee.to dowhenbeingunder7.I think you can come at any time in the afternoon if that is_(suit)for you.8.T
12、he fear of all kinds of examinations can be a source of deep_(anxious)to many students.9.I felt _(comfort)because I ate too much.10.(2018 年天津卷阅读表达)Or,maybe all I would find was_ (absolute)nothing!But something inside me wasgoing to climb that mountain at all cost.suitableanxietyuncomfortableabsolute
13、ly1.appoint vt.任命；委派；约定appoint sb.as.任命某人为 appointment n.约会；任命；委派break an/ones appointment 违约；失约make/have an appointment with sb.和某人约会keep an/ones appointment 守约by appointment 按照约定；照章hold an appointment 担任某职写作佳句Sam has been appointed manager of the EngineeringDepartment to take the place of George.山
14、姆取代乔治已经被任命为工程部经理。运用单句语法填空(1)If we come to terms,well appoint you _ our agent.(2)My patient didnt turn up at the appointed time.That is,shebroke an _(appoint).(3)(2018 年北京卷单项填空)Id like to make an appointment_ next Wednesday afternoon.(4)Im coming here for an interview _ appointment.asappointmentforby
15、2.suit n.一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜suit sb.适合某人suitable adj.适合的；相配的be suitable for sb./sth.适合某人/某物be suitable to do sth.适合做某事易混辨析suit,fit 和 match(1)suit 指衣服的颜色、花样或款式适合，另外，表示时间、天气、气味、环境、性格、地位或条件等的词做主语时，通常也用 suit。(2)fit 指事物尤其衣服的大小、尺寸合体或合身。(3)match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。运用用上面的辨析词的适当形式填空(1)The color of this pair of sh
16、oes _ me very well,butit doesnt _ me.suitsfitmatch(2)Her shoes _ her dress;they look very great together.(3)The room is neat and tidy,and it _ the students.(4)I want to take this jacket because it _ me well and_ my trousers,though the style doesnt _ me.suitsfitsmatchessuit3.anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的be anx
17、ious about/for sb./sth.对某人/某事感到忧虑be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事be anxious(for sb.)to do sth.渴望(某人)做某事anxiety n.担心；焦虑；渴望with anxiety 焦虑地anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地易混辨析anxious 和 eagerbe anxious 与 be eager 后面的结构相同，但表示的意义有所不同，前者强调“忧虑、焦急”；后者强调“渴望”。运用单句语法填空about/forto know(1)We are anxious _ his safety.(2)They are
18、anxious _(know)the result.(3)Why was he so anxious for me _(stay)here?(4)_(anxious),she took the dress out of the packageand tried it on,only to find it didnt fit.She took the dress out of the package and tried it on with_(anxious),only to find it didnt fit.to stayAnxiouslyanxiety4.guarantee vt.保证；担
19、保 n.保证；保证书；担保；抵押品guarantee sth.to sb.guarantee sb.sth.向某人保证某物guarantee to do sth.保证做某事be guaranteed to do sth.必定做某事a guarantee of sth.保证某事guarantee sb.to do sth.保证某人做某事give sb.a guarantee that.向某人保证 under guarantee 在保修期内易混辨析guarantee to do sth.和 be guaranteed to dosth.guarantee to do sth.与 be guaran
20、teed to do sth.都可以翻译为“保证做某事，肯定做某事”，但其实意义是有区别的。如：He guaranteed to attend our party.He is guaranteed to attend our party.句是“他(自己)保证来参加我们的晚会”；而句是“他一定会参加我们的晚会”，表示说话人的观点，说话人保证他会来。运用单句语法填空(1)We should pay attention to small details,which can guaranteeus _(succeed)in the end.(2)Can you give me a guarantee
21、_ the work will befinished on time?to succeedthatarrival(3)We cannot guarantee the punctual _(arrive)oftrains in foggy weather.is guaranteed(4)If you yell at him,he _(guarantee)to do theopposite of what you want.1.burn to the ground 全部焚毁介词 to 表示“结果”的类似短语：tear.to pieces 把撕成碎片sentence.to death 判的死刑bur
22、n.to the ashes 把烧成灰烬burn/beat/starve.to death 烧/打/饿死写作佳句The whole house was burnt to the ground after the big fire.大火之后，整个房子被夷为平地。运用完成句子，每空一词toretopieces(1)他无处栖身，因为他的房子被烧掉了。He has no place to live in because his house _ _ _ _ _.(2)她愤怒地把那封信撕成了碎片。She was so angry that she _ the letter _ _.(3)据说那个强盗被立刻
23、判了死刑。Its said that the robber was at once _ _.sentencedtodeathhasbeenburnttotheground2.make ones way 前往；成功go out of ones way 特地，不怕麻烦(去做某事)by the way 顺便说说by way of 途经out of the way 不挡道；不碍事；躲开；不寻常的fight ones way 奋斗前进；努力开辟lose ones way 迷路feel ones way 摸索前进push ones way 挤着前进；挤出去wind ones way 蜿蜒前进in the
24、way 挡道；拦住去路on the way 在途中；即将到来用法指引feel/push/wind ones way 都表示“前进”，只是前进的方式不一样。而 make ones way 表示的是“艰难地前进，克服困难地前进”。运用单句改错(1)(2018 年江苏卷阅读理解D)As their world expanded,shesaid,children compared themselves to others online on a way thatwas“hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity,in terms oftheir co
25、nfidence,but also in terms of their ability to developthemselves.”oninbook 前加 to_(2)He went out of his way book the flowers to make sweetatmosphere._(3)The Great Wall wind its way across north China like a hugedragon.windwindsofinto_(4)One of his dreams was to fight his way of the fashionableworld._
26、pare with/to 与相比comparison n.比较comparative adj.比较的；相比的comparatively adv.对比地；相对地；比较地；有点易混辨析compare with 和 compare to(1)compare with 表示“与相比；匹敌”，着重人与人或事物与事物之间的相同或差异。(2)compare to 除表示“与相比”外，还可表示“喻为；比作”，指出两个事物之间的关系或相似之处。运用单句语法填空(1)(2018 年北京卷阅读理解 C)But _(compare)with previous studies,she finds the speed o
27、f breaking down in thisone paredtoCompared(2)Young people are often compared _ the sun ateight or nine in the morning.Comparing(3)_(compare)with her achievements,hershortcomings are,after all,only secondary.(4)_(compare)him with many young people ofhis age,he also likes playing computer games.4.vary
28、 from.to.由到不等vary in sth.大小、形状等不同/有别vary with.随变化/改变vary between.and.从到变化 a variety of/varieties of.种种；各种各样的 various adj.各种各样的用法指引vary 强调不停地变化。写作佳句The garden offers a variety of attractions.这花园有各种引人入胜之处。Medical treatment varies greatly from state to state.医疗制度州与州之间差异很大。运用单句语法填空(1)However,views on th
29、is issue vary _ person toperson.fromwithvarying(2)As in China,the climate in Canada varies _ thearea.varieties(3)I like reading very much,especially story books,_(vary)from Chinese stories to English stories.(4)The speaker discoursed knowledgeably on _(vary)of subjects.原句 1Having collected and evalu
30、ated the information,Ihelp other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano willflow next and how fast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测火山熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。句中“Having collected and evaluated the information”是现在分词的完成式在句中做状语，表明分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。现在分词的主动语态做状语时，与逻辑主语即句子的主语是主动关系。注意：过去分词做状语同现在分词做状语时一样，其逻辑 上的主语就是主句
31、的主语，但过去分词与主语之间存在被动关 系(有时无被动意味，只是表示一种状态或动作的完成)。运用单句语法填空(1)_(work)for two days,Steve managedto finish his report on schedule.Having worked(2)_(eat)at the cafeteria before,Tina didnt wantto eat there again.Having eatenCaught(3)_(catch)in a heavy rain,my daughter fell ill andhad to ask for a leave.原句 2I
32、 was about to go back to sleep when suddenly mybedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。“be about to do.when.”意为“正要做这时(突然)”，不能和具体的时间状语连用。运用单句语法填空(1)He was about to see the headmaster and explain what hadhappened _ the headmaster appeared at the door.(2)He was about _(open)the door when he fe
33、lt thehandle turning the other way.(3)They _(be)about to go home when it began torain.whento openwere原句 3 It is said that this boy,who had a great gift forlanguages and persuasion,is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。“It is said that.”意为“据说”，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句。以上结
34、构可转化为“主语be过去分词不定式”结构，其中不定式根据需要有时态和语态的变化。类似的结构有：It is reported that.据报道 It is believed that.人们相信 It is not expected that.没有料到 It is hoped that.大家希望 What is known to all is that China is a country with a long运用一句多译(1)众所周知，中国是一个历史悠久的国家。_history.It is known to all that China is a country with a long his
35、tory.As is known to all,China is a country with a long history.(2)据说新市长下个月将上任。Itissaidthat_ _ _ _ the new mayor willcome into power next month.issaidtocome The new mayor _ _ _ _ _ next month.intopower(3)据说二氧化碳正以先前所担忧的两倍的速度加热着地球。_ _ _ _ carbon dioxide isheating the earth twice as quickly as previousl
36、y feared.Carbon dioxide _ _ _ _ the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.Itissaidthatissaidtobeheating运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来In the beginning of the new term,our new classmates,1._ height varied from 1.5m to 1.8m,decided 2._(run)for the monitor.Among them I was the most ordinary-lookingas w
37、ell as the shortest 3._(come)from a poor family ina remote countryside,so I was in a real panic when making my way4._ the front of our classroom to give my speech.In orderto calm 5._ down,I first 6._(glance)throughwhoseto runcomingtomyselfglancedthe outline of my script.7._(gradual),I was not anxiousabout making the speech,in which I 8._(guarantee)my love for both my classmates and work will be as deep andlasting as the sea.9._(finish)my speech,I wasamazed and excited to know my 10._(appoint)as monitor,indeed!GraduallyguaranteedHaving finishedbeing appointed
