1、第四章2A组素养自测一、选择题1已知lg2a,lg3b,则lg12等于(B)Aa2bBb2aCa2bDab2解析lg12lg4lg32lg2lg32ab2若10a5,10b2,则ab等于(C)A1B0C1D2解析由已知得alg5,blg2,故ablg5lg2lg101,故选C3若lgxm,lgyn,则lglg的值等于(D)Am2n2Bm2n1Cm2n1Dm2n2解析lglglgx2(lgylg10)m2n24若lg2a,lg3b,则等于(D)ABCD解析二、填空题5计算:27lg42lg5eln3_2_解析27lg42lg5eln3(33)(lg4lg25)eln332326方程log2(x2
2、8)1log2x的解是_x4_解析log2(x28)1log2x,x282x0,x4或2(舍去)三、解答题7计算下列各式的值:(1);(2)log5352log5log57log51.8;(3)2(lg)2lglg5解析(1)原式(2)原式log5(57)2(log57log53)log57log5log55log572log572log53log572log53log552log552(3)原式lg(2lglg5)lg(lg2lg5)1lglg1lg1B组素养提升一、选择题1若xlog341,则4x4x的值为(B)ABC2D1解析由xlog341得xlog43,所以4x4x3,故选B2已知a
3、log32,那么log382log36用a表示是(A)Aa2B5a2C3a(1a)2D3aa21解析log382log36log3232(log32log33)3log322(log321)3a2(a1)a2故选A3(多选题)下列等式不成立的是(CD)Alne1BaClg(MN)lgMlgNDlog2(5)22log2(5)解析根据对数式的运算,可得lne1,故A成立;由根式与指数式的互化可得a,故B成立;取M2,N1,发现C不成立;log2(5)2log2522log25,故D不成立,故选CD4(多选题)设a,b,c都是正数,且4a6b9c,那么(AD)Aabbc2acBabbcacCD解析
4、由a,b,c都是正数,可设4a6b9cM,alog4M,blog6M,clog9M,则logM4,logM6,logM9,logM4logM92logM6,即,去分母整理得abbc2ac,故选AD二、填空题5若logax2,logbx3,logcx6,则log(abc)x_1_解析logax2,logxa同理logxc,logxblog(abc)x16已知lga,lgb是方程2x24x10的两个实数根,则lg(ab)_4_解析由题意得lg(ab)(lgalgb)(lgalgb)22(lgalgb)24lgalgb24三、解答题7已知loga(x24)loga(y21)loga5loga(2xy1)(a0,且a1),求log8的值解析由对数的运算法则,可将等式化为loga(x24)(y21)loga5(2xy1),(x24)(y21)5(2xy1)整理,得x2y2x24y210xy90,配方,得(xy3)2(x2y)20,log8log8log2321log22