1、Unit 3Computers核心单词universaluniversallyuniverse1._ adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的_adv.普遍地_ n.宇宙2._ vt.简化_ adj.简单的_adv.仅仅；简单地simplifysimplesimply3._ n.(电脑)操作员；接线员_ v.操作；做手术_ n.手术operatoroperateoperation4._ adj.合逻辑的；合情理的_ adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地logicallogically5._ n.工艺；科技；技术_adj.科技的_ n.技术；技巧6._ n.革命_ adj.革命的n.革命者intellige
2、nceintelligent7._ n.智力；聪明；智能_adj.智能的；聪明的revolutionrevolutionarytechnologytechnological technique8._ vt.解决；解答_ n.解决办法9._ n.真实；事实；现实_ vt.实现_ adj.真实的_ adv.真正地10._ adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的_adv.就个人而言；亲自11._ adj.总的；整个的 n.总数；合计_adv.完全地；整个地12._ n.应用；用途；申请_ v.申请，适应_ n.申请人solvesolutionrealityrealizerealreallytotallype
3、rsonalpersonallytotalapplicationapplyapplicant13._ vt.&vi.探索；探测；探究_n.探险_ n.探险者exploreexplorationexplorer14._ adv.(也作 anyway)无论如何；即使如此15._ n.目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分16._ n.幸福；快乐_ adj.快乐的_ adv.快乐地_ adj.不幸福的；不快乐的17._ vi.&vt.发信号n.信号_ n.迹象；符号；记号v.签署；签名anyhowgoalhappinesshappilyunhappysignalsignhappy18._ vi.(arose
4、,arisen)出现；发生19._ adj.电子的20._ n.外观；外貌；出现_ vi.表面看起来；出现_ vi.消失21._ n.性格；特点_ adj.典型的，独特的；特有的ariseelectronicappearancedisappearcharactercharacteristicappear常考短语1.over _随着时间的推移2._.on 从时起3._ by 经过；(时间)过去4._ on 后来；以后5.as a _ 结果6.so._.如此以至于 7._ with 与分享 8.be _ with 充满 timefromgolaterresultthatsharefilled9._
5、 race 人类10._ away 捐赠；捐送11.in a _ 在某种程度上12._ up 编造13._ all 尽管；到底；究竟；毕竟14.with the _ of 在的帮助下15._ with 处理；安排；对付16._ over 看守；监视humangivewaymakeafterdealhelpwatch经典佳句Althoughwasyoungaslargeas1._ _ _ _ I could simplifydifficult sums.尽管当时我还年轻，但是我能简化一些复杂的数学题。2.By the 1940s I had grown _ _ _ aroom,and I won
6、dered if I would grow any larger.到二十世纪四十年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大，我不知道我是否还会长得更大。AsIhavegrownolder3._ _ _ _ _ I havealso grown smaller.随着我年龄越来越大，我也变得越来越小。I课文回顾The computer has changed over time.At the beginning it1._(be)only a calculating machine.Later,it grew 2._(quick)in size.By the 1940s it 3._(grow)as lar
7、ge as aroom.As time went 4._，the designers made it smaller andbegan to use it in offices and homes.In the early 1960s,thecomputer was able 5._(bring)people more informationand convenience 6._ the World Wide Web.Now,thecomputer is 7._(wide)used in communication,8._(financial)and trade.And it is also
8、put into robots,mobile phonesand even space rockets to explore 9._ Moon and Mars.Thecomputer is a 10._(devote)friend and helper of thehuman race!wasquicklyhad grownbyto bringthroughwidelyfinancethedevoted单句语法填空typescalculationsimplify1.(2019 年新课标卷阅读理解 C)Everybody uses a keyboardand everybody _(type)
9、differently.2.By his _(calculate)，it could save airlineshundreds of millions of dollars a year.3.Try to _(simple)your explanation to the studentsto help them understand better.explored4.(2019 年新课标卷阅读理解 C)Popularity is a well-_(explore)subject in social psychology.5.By the time Dale was a senior,he _
10、(win)everytop honor in speech.had wonappearancetotally6.(2018 年北京卷阅读理解 D)Policymakers should startthinking now about how to make sure the _(appear)of driverless vehicles doesnt extend the worst aspects ofthe car-controlled transportation system we have today.7.Young people want something _(total)dif
11、ferentfrom the old ways.8.(2019 年新课标卷阅读理解 C)But the _(revolution)that was taking place in the 1830s would change allthat.revolutionto dealarising9.With so many things _(deal)with,I have to worklate into the night.10.With many problems _(arise),he didnt knowwhat to do next.1.total adj.总的；整个的n.总数；合计a
12、total of 总数为in totalin all 总计；总共totally adv.完全地；整个地写作佳句 I couldnt totally agree with him,but what he said was partlyreasonable.我不能完全同意他的观点，但他所说的有一部分是合理的。运用单句语法填空(1)You got 47 points on the written examination and 18 on theoral,making _ total of 65.aintotally(2)How much do you have to pay _ total if
13、the four ofyou go together?(3)I _(total)agree with what Susan says about thebest present.2.application n.应用；用途；申请on application to 索取；申请apply v.申请；涂；应用apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物apply to 适合，适用于 apply for 申请；请求apply sth.to sth.把应用到中；涂、敷 apply oneself/ones mind to sth./to doing sth.专心于 联想发散applied adj
14、.应用的；实用的applicant n.申请人运用单句语法填空applyapplied(1)International students can also _(apply)to becomeresident assistants after a year in the dorms.(2)The new technology,if _(apply)to rice growing,will help increase the grain output.learningfor(3)The old man managed to enrich his own cultural life,applying
15、himself to _(learn)English.(4)Its I who would like to apply _ the position，vicepresident of our school English club.3.signal vi.&vt.发信号n.信号signal for 用信号传达(某信息)signal with 用发信号 signal sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事a signal of/for sth.的信号 易混辨析signal,sign,mark 和 symbol(1)signal 意为“信号”，常指约定俗成、用于传达某些信息的信号，也指灯光、声音
16、或信号标志。(2)sign 意为“记号，标记”，用法最广，可指符号(装置)，也可指情绪、性格的直观显示，还可指具体的用于识别或指示的标志，如指示牌、卡片等。借喻作“征兆，迹象”讲。(3)mark 意为“标志，标记”，含义广泛，指事物留下的深刻印记或某物上用于辨别该物品的附属物，比 sign 更侧重于区别性或揭示性的标志，有时不一定十分直观或明显。(4)symbol 意为“象征，符号”，指被人们选出的物体或图案用来代表另一事物，并作为该事物的标记或象征。运用用上面的辨析词的适当形式填空(1)One _ of a writers greatness is that different mindsc
17、an get a different inspiration from his works.(2)A red light is a _ of danger,which is even knownto a five-year-old child.marksignalsymbol(3)In the picture the tree is the _ of life and the snakeis the symbol of evil.sign(4)Sir,you are not allowed to walk your dog on the lawn.Dontyou see the _ “Keep
18、 off the grass”？4.arise vi.(arose,arisen)出现；发生；起身；起床；上升arise from 产生于用法指引arise 为不及物动词，没有被动语态。arise 作“发生；出现”讲时，主语多为抽象名词，如 argument，problem,quarrel,question等。原形过去式过去分词现在分词意义arise(vi.)arosearisenarising意为“出现；发生”，常用于抽象事物，一般表示事物和问题的产生和出现rise(vi.)roserisenrising无 arise 的抽象用法，使用范围比较广，指“升起；上升；增长”，也可指“起立；起床；
19、地位升高”等易混辨析arise,rise,raise 和 arouse原形过去式过去分词现在分词意义raise(vt.)raisedraisedraising用在句中，后面需跟宾语。一般指“升起；举起；增加(程度、价格等)；提高(音量)；提出；种植(农作物)；养育；抚育(子女)”arouse(vt.)arousedarousedarousing 表示“唤醒、激发”等意义，后常跟抽象名词(续表)运用用上面的辨析词的适当形式填空As we all know,the problems between parents and childrenhave _ from lack of communicat
20、ion.Although the standardof living was _,Tom couldnt get along well with hismother.His mother got up the moment the sun _ in theeast.She worked hard day and night to support the family.As aresult,she was badly ill,which _ Tom eventually.arisenraisedrosearoused1.as a result 结果；因此(做插入语)as a result ofb
21、ecause of 因为；由于；作为的结果 with the result that.因此；结果是result from 起因于；由造成 result in 导致；造成易混辨析result from 与 result in 的主语与宾语刚好对调，内在的因果关系不能混淆。如：The accident resulted from his carelessness.His carelessness resulted in the accident.他的粗心导致了这次事故。运用完成句子，每空一词(1)他犯了一个大错，结果丢了工作。He made one big mistake,and,_ _ _，lo
22、st his job.asaresultresultedfrom(2)大家普遍认为他是因为过度劳累而得了癌症。Its generally believed that his cancer _ _ theoverfull tiredness.(3)如果你做事只求速度而导致错误，你或许会明白“欲速则不达”。resultinginasaresultofYou might learn that haste makes waste if you do somethingso fast,_ _ mistakes.(4)由于最近销量下降，利润也降低了。Profits have declined _ _ _
23、_the recent drop in sales.2.in a way 在某种程度上；从某一角度看by the way 顺便说一下all the way 一直；全程on the/ones way(to)在途中；在去的路上 by way of 取道；经由；途经；为了in the way 妨碍(某人)；挡路make ones way 前进；成功；有出息no way 没门儿；肯定不in no way 决不；无论如何都不in any way 以任何方式；无论如何用法指引 in no way 表示“决不；无论如何都不”，置于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序。运用完成句子，每空一词(1)尽管我必须承认我当时很
24、失望，但在某种程度上，我没有得到我所申请的职位是一件好事。Inaway_ _ _，it is a good thing that I didnot get the post I had applied for,though I must admit that I wasdisappointed at that time.inanywaymadeitsway(2)(2018 年浙江卷七选五型阅读理解)让他们知道你会以 可以接受的方式提供帮助，同时仍然尊重邻居的隐私。Let them know that you are there to help _ _ that is acceptable,wh
25、ile still respecting the privacy ofyour neighbor.(3)这艘船乘风破浪前进。The ship _ _ _ through the wind andwaves.(4)史密斯夫人发现清理杂物很难，因为不管什么时候要去做这件事，孩子们总是碍事。inthewayMrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess,as her childrenare always _ _ _ whenever she tries to.3.deal with 处理；安排；对付；应付；论及；涉及；与 打交道deal in sth.经营；
26、买卖(某一产品)deal sth.out 分发；分配have something/nothing to do with.与有关/无关易混辨析deal with 和 do withdeal with 和 do with 都可表示“对付；处理”之意，但 dealwith 中的 deal 是不及物动词，常与疑问词 how 连用，how 是 dealwith 的状语；而 do with 中的 do 是及物动词，常与疑问词 what连用，what 是 do 的宾语。如：I dont know how they will deal with the problem.I dont know what the
27、y will do with the problem.我不知道他们会如何处理这个问题。运用单句语法填空howwithin(1)I wonder _ they dealt with the situation.(2)His article deals _ ancient Egypt.(3)They dealt _ silk goods and made a fortune.4.watch over 看守；监视；照管watch out(for)当心；小心；留神；注意watch for sb./sth.观察等待某人出现或某事发生watch your back 小心一点；小心背后watch your
28、step 注意脚下；小心台阶；小心谨慎用法指引watch out 一般用于祈使句，用来提醒对方“小心，注意”；表示“注意”时，才加 for，后接宾语。运用完成句子，每空一词(1)银行职员已接到要求，要留意假钞。The staff in the bank were asked to _ _ _forged notes.watchoutforwatchover(2)当我不在时请照看我的狗。Please _ _ my dog while Im away.(3)那只猫在墙上伺机捕捉鸟儿。The cat was on the wall，_ _ _.watchingforbirds原句 1 Althoug
29、h I was young I could simplify difficult sums.尽管当时我还年轻，但是我能简化一些数学难题。although 是连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，主句里不可用 but；若要强调前后两部分的对比意义，可在主句前加 yet 或 still。易混辨析although,though 和 as(1)although 和 though 同义，在一般情况下可以互换使用。只是 though 较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although 则较为正式。另外 although 语气比 though 重。although和 though 引导让步状语从
30、句时，常采用省略形式。(2)though 可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为“还是；仍然；可是；然而”。(3)as 引导让步状语从句时必须用倒装，though 引导让步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装，而 although 从句则不能倒装。运用用上面的辨析词填空(1)_ he had only entered the contest for fun,he won the first prize.(2)She promised to phone.I heard nothing,_.(3)Talented _ he is,he is not yet ready to turnprofessional
31、.Although/Thoughthoughas/though原句 2By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room,and Iwondered if I would grow any larger.到二十世纪四十年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大，我不知道我是否还会长得更大。(1)by 是介词，意为“到为止；在之前”。(2)by 引导的时间状语或从句如果是一般过去时，主句的谓语动词应该用had done，如果谓语动词是be 动词，应用was/were的形式；by 引导的时间状语或从句如果是一般现在时，主句的谓语动词应该用 will/shall have
32、done 或 will/shall be 形式。注意：by 可以表示“在旁；被；依照，依据”，还可以表示“方法，手段；拿、握某部位”等。运用单句语法填空(1)(2017 年江苏卷任务型阅读)If current trends dont bend，Russias population _(be)about the size of Yemens bythe year 2050.will behad moved(2)By the time he got there,his friends _(move)on.arrivedbywill have learned(3)By the time we _(
33、arrive)at the cinema,the film hadstarted.(4)I switch the radio on _ pressing this button.(5)By the end of this term,you _(learn)399new English words.原句 3As I have grown older I have also grown smaller.随着我年龄越来越大，我也变得越来越小。as 是连词，意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句。介词 with也有“随着”之意，但其后面需要跟名词或代词做宾语，构成with 短语或 with 的复合结构。as
34、的其他用法：(1)用作连词时，意为“当时候；因为；由于；正如；如同；虽然；尽管”，当其表示“尽管”时，引导让步状语从句，常用倒装语序。(2)用作介词时，意为“像；如同；作为”。(3)用作副词时，意为“和一样”，常用于比较结构中，如“as.as.”。(4)用作关系代词时，引导定语从句，表示“正如”。运用单句改错(1)As time going by,I gradually adapted myself to the schoollife.althoughthough/as_(2)With the worlds population continues to grow,the supplyof f
35、ood becomes more and more of a concern._(3)Young although he is,he could handle the problem._AsWith 或 goingwentWithAs 或 continuescontinuing运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来With the help of science 1._ technology,human raceis now living a much 2._(happy)life than before.Takethe invention of the computer for
36、example.It not only helps us solvedifficult mathematical problems 3._(save)time,butwe can also type any material or information into our computer tocommunicate with our 4._(teammate)on our businessby the network.Besides,it can take the place of us to deal withandhappierto saveteammatesmany dangerous
37、 situations under the control of the 5._(program).In 6._ way,their advantages are over humans,andthis is why people create some robots with artificial 7._(intelligent)to help us human beings.However,some people are worried that dangerous problemswill arise 8._ any overuse of high-tech.9._(person)speaking,I disagree with it.Anyhow,the technology canmake up for 10._(we)shortcomings and help us do lotsof things.If not,why human create and develop them?programersaintelligencefromPersonallyour