1、专题09 语法填空新高考真题全收录2022年新高考I卷The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). _56_ (cover)an area about three times _57_ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a
2、 significant number of areas that _58_ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority _59_ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year.
3、The GPNP _60_ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, _61_ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNPs main goal is to impro
4、ve connectivity between separate _62_ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and _63_ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve _64_ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of C
5、hina. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _65_ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.【答案】56. Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64. as 65. t
6、hat【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。【57题详解】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。【58题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，
7、将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。【59题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。【60题详解
8、】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。【61题详解】考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填and。【62题详解】考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种
9、群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。64题详解】考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。【65题详解】
10、考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。2022年新高考II卷Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry
11、 ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the _36_ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say hell be OK. _37_ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On
12、 the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell _38_ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up _39_ (see) them. When he looked down, he _40_ (
13、accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes _41_ screamed for his father, but his father didnt hear him. Henry _42_ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _43_ (throw) his tools aside, and started running,
14、 arms out. He saved my _44_ (son) life, said Mrs. Brown. I dont know _45_ to thank him. ”I just didnt want the boy to be hurt, said Henry. 【答案】36. falling 37. The 38. asleep 39. to see 40. accidentally 41. and 42. was fixing 43. threw 44. sons 45. how【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉
15、下来的小孩Eric的故事。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，
16、首字母应该大写。故填The。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。【40题详解】考查副词
17、。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。【42题详解】考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard
18、the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。【43题详解】考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。【44题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填sons。【45题详解】考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知
19、道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。2022年1月浙江卷Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics _36_ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, l
20、ectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane _37_（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others _38_ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and _39_（change） their personal behavior
21、to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _40_（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _41_ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her party, started to ask confere
22、nce organizers who invited her to speak _42_ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of _43_ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the _44_ （invite）. That approach brought Cobbs air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans _45_（continue） the practice. It has been fairly
23、 rewarding. , she says, a really positive change.【答案】36. who/that 37. is viewed#has been viewed 38. are 39. changing 40. roughly 41. have promised 42. whether#if 43. the 44. invitation 45. to continue【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践，目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危机。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数
24、但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。【37题详解】考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。【38题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对
25、气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。【39题详解】考查时态。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知，此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change，故填changing。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。【41题详解】考
26、查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。【42题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了
27、那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语，故填invitation。【45题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。2021年新高考I卷Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song “The Long and Winding Road”. _56_is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The
28、rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we _57_ (human) are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will _58_(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperatu
29、re gets, the _59_ (hot) the spring! Strange, isnt it? But thats how nature is always leaving us _60_(astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps. You cant help wondering how hard it _61_ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on
30、 your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure _62_offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _63_ (ache) legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in _64_(I).While youre in Chin
31、a, Mount Huangshan is _65_ must to visit!【答案】56. What 57. humans 58. undoubtedly 59. hotter 60. astonished 61. was 62. and 63. aching 64. mine 65. a【解析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物云海，温泉以及台阶。【56题】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。【57题】考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我
32、们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。【58题】考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！修饰动词help，应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。【59题】考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the +比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越，越”。故填hotter。【60题】考查形容词。句意：但大自然就是这样总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾形容词。故填astonished。【61题】考查
33、一般过去时。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知，“how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。【62题】考查连词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights the whole adventure”与
34、“offers a place”部分为并列关系，都是作it的谓语，故用并列连词and。【63题】考查形容词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知，此处应用形容词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs，意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。【64题】考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitors memory”可知，本句为does指代前一句的sti
35、ck，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。【65题】考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。2021年新高考II卷Ive always loved the ocean. In the_36_ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to lea
36、rn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, _37_ (think)it is food.I decided to do something _38_ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company_39_ used a lot of pla
37、stic, Id send it an email urging it to cut back.One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company_40_ emailed its president. I told him how _41_ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked h
38、im to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so_42_ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, Id send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _43_
39、(be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company _44_ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _45_ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.【答案】36. seventh 37. thinking 38. to educate 39. which#that 40. and 41. harmful 42. excited 43. was 44. representative 45. from【解析】
40、【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。【36题详解】考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，_2_ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，_3_ (educate) p
41、eople about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， _4_ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。【4
42、1题详解】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。【43题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信
43、告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 from sth to sth从.到., 所以填from。2021年1月浙江卷In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getti
44、ng heavier 28 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 29 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 30 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of betw
45、een 19 and 25 31 (consider) healthy. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 33 (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women
46、 in more than three quarters of the countries 34 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 35(sharp). This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36 (live) in the countryside, i
47、ncluding 37 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.【答案】28and29that/which30persons31is considered32by33was34Studied35sharply36living37lower【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的体重指数（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。28考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们
48、发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。29考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，tool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。30考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)
49、的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的，用 person的名词所有格persons。故填persons。31考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered。32考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到
50、”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。33考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。34考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。35考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分
51、析句子结构可知，sharp是要修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。36考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。37考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面有
52、higher和fewer，是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lower。2021年6月浙江卷It doesnt impress like George Washingtons plantation on the Potomac, but Lincolns home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, _36_ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house
53、was Abraham and Mary Lincolns home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it _37_ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their _38_ （marry）ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much _39_ （small）than it is today. Marys niece wrote, The little home _40_ （paint）white. It was s
54、weet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of _41_ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order. Although Mary loved flowers, _42_ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a gar
55、den for one year. Marys sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over _43_ （plant）flowers in the front yard. _44_ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of
56、 the US in 1861, they rented the house and _45_ （sell）most of their furniture.【答案】36. has proved/has proven 37. for 38. marriage 39. smaller 40. was painted 41. herself 42. neither 43. to plant 44. The 45. sold【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁历史。【36题】考查动词。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下
57、深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincolns home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词；主语Lincolns home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词
58、prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。【37题】考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格，意为“以价格买某物”。故填for。【38题】考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“
59、婚礼”；提示词marry意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为marriage，marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。【39题】考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。【40题】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was buil
60、t可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。【41题】考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。【42题】考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neithernor”，意为“既不也不”。故填neither。【4
61、3题】考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝托德华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。【44题】考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。【45题】考查动词。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成
62、分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。2020新课标China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess _61_ (touch) down last week in the Sout
63、h Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moons far side is _62_ (extreme) challenging. Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _63_ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the
64、 moon is of particular _64_ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so _65_ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 _66_ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. This really excites scientists, Carle
65、Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, because it _67_ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon _68_ (construct) Data about the moons composition, such as how _69_ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether _70_ (it) plans for a future lun
66、ar (月球的) base are practical.【答案】61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70. its【解析】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。61.考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touc
67、hed。62.考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。63.考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。64.考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使
68、某人感兴趣”。故填interest。65.考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比更”。故填than。66.考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。67.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，
69、所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。68.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。69.考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。70.考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。2020
70、新课标Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a _61_ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers _62_ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth _63_ (come) bac
71、k to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more _64_ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times _65_ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages
72、of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. _66_ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated _67_ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy _68_ (care) for and make great p
73、resents.Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The _69_ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are _70_ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【答案】61. celebration 62. carries
74、63. coming 64. than 65. decorated 66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70. the【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。61.考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。62.考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式
75、。故填carries。63.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。64.考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。65.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。66.考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，
76、这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。67.考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与相联系。故填with。68.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。69.考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。70.考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词fi
77、rst前要加定冠词the。故填the。2020新课标In ancient China lived an artist. _61_ paintings were almost lifelike. The artists reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their _62_ (fine) work, so that he could choose the
78、best. The artist was sure he would. _63_(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li Riverperhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with _64_ (curious), the artist
79、 packed his bags and left. _65_ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and _66_ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out _67_ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, _68_ (gentle) along
80、the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds. _69_ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist
81、was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist _70_ earth, Mother Nature.【答案】61. whose 62. finest 63. be chosen 64. curiosity 65. When/As 66. pointed 67. to find 68. gently 69. surrounding 70. On【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母
82、亲。61.考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。62.考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。63.考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。64.
83、考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。65.考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。66.考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。67.考查
84、非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。68.考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。69.考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动
85、词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。70.考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。2020山东卷Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, _36_ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical o
86、bjects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big _37_ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _38_ (form) the core collection of the British Museum _39_ opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open
87、 to the public _40_ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museums collection _41_ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simu
88、lations (模拟) and imagine _42_ (they) living at a different time in history or _43_(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the citys Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical _44_ (accurate) is important but so is
89、 entertainment. Museums must compete _45_peoples spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.【答案】36. wealthy 37.or 38. formed 39. which/that 40. are called 41. is 42. themselves 43. walking 44. accuracy 45. for【解析】这是
90、一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。36.考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。37.考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or:或者。故填or。38.考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。39.考查定
91、语从句。句意:例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。40.考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。41.考查主谓一致。句意:通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museums
92、collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。42.考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。43.考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine
93、sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。44.考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。45.考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为: “为了竞争”。故填for。2020浙江卷Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived _56_ ，throug
94、h agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on _57_ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person _58_ hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more chil
95、dren were born，more food _59_(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology _60_(change)lives.By about 6000 BC，people _61_ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the _62_ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry
96、 areas， _63_ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with _64_ rise of science，changes began. New methods _65_ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machin
97、ery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.【答案】56. in 57. what 58. than 59. was needed 60. to change 61. had discovered 62. seasons 63. making 64. the 65. meant.【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。56.考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析
98、可知，“they lived _”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。57.考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。58.考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。
99、more than，意为“比更”故填than。59.考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。60.考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。61.考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其
100、余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.62.考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。63.考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doin
101、g）形式做状语。故填making。64.考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着.的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。65.考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。2020年1月浙江卷Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)ag
102、e of an American in 1950_56_(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected_57_(increase)to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the_58_(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65；by 2050, it will be one in six.This aging of the population is driven
103、_59_two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large_60_(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes_61_(old)than before. This is_62_(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the
104、 US today has_63_very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should_64_(place)on longevity(长寿). It isnt just that people are, on average, living longer. Its also that they are on average healthier_65_mo
105、re productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.【答案】56. was 57. to increase 58. numbers 59. by 60. compared 61. older 62. particularly 63. a 64. be placed 65. and【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了世界人口正面临老龄化问题，并分析了其产生的两个原因。【56题详解】考查动词时态。句意：1950年美国人的
106、中年年龄是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。【57题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。【58题详解】考查名词的数。句意：对日本来说，这个数字更加惊人1950年是22岁，今天是46岁，2050年是53岁。number为可数名词表示“数字”，且根据下文are可知主语应用复数形式，故填numbers。【59题详解】考查介词。句意
107、：人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由；被”应用介词by。故填by。【60题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与相比；与某事相提并论”，故填compared。【61题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。【62题详解】考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词，故填particularly。【63题详解】考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。【64题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形，故填be placed。【65题详解】考查连词。句意：而且，平均而言，他们更健康，更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列短语应用连词and，故填and。
