1、江苏省如皋市2021届高三英语下学期4月第二次适应性考试试题（含解析）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What did the man want to do?A. Sweep the floor.B. Go to the pool.C. Borrow a dollar.2. When is the woman free every week?A. On Sunday.B.
2、On Monday.C.On Thursday.3. What are the speakers discussing?A. Performing in a play.B. Buying tickets for a show.C. Making Friday night plans.4. Why does the young man want to help cook tonight?A. He loves cooking Mexican food.B. He wants to prepare for living alone.C. He wants to show his mother hi
3、s new dish.5. Where does the conversation take place?A. At a public pool.B. In a classroom.C.In a gym.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最住选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How long can a British adult stand in line pati
4、ently according to the survey?A. About 11 minutes.B. About 42 minutes.C. About 90 minutes.7.How do most British people pay their bills now?A. In person.B. By mail.C. Online.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.What will the man do over the next year?A. Switch to another major.B. Start a computer company.C. Work at his
5、uncles company.9. What happened to the womans brother last year?A. He finally found a good career.B. He moved to Silicon Valley.C. He graduated from college.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the man usually get at the movies?A. Some popcorn.B. A hot dog.C. A sandwich.11. What does the woman mean by “re
6、al food”？A. Food thats classic.B. Food thats cooked at home.C. Food thats similar to that at a caf.12. What does the woman imply in the end?A. They should come back to that theater soon.B. Other theaters have similar food choices.C. She already goes to that theater enough.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. How do
7、es the woman feel about the information session?A. Uncertain.B. Interested.C. Disappointed.14. What does the man seem to be doing?A. Explaining the course outline.B. Urging the woman to reconsider.C. Providing details about some jobs.15. When will the speakers meet on Monday?A. At 10:00 in the morni
8、ng. B. At noon.C. At 1:00 in the afternoon.16. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Brother and sister.C. Schoolmates.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Where is Hot Springs?A. In the mountains.B. In the northern U.S.C. By the ocean in the southern U.S.18. Why did Hot Sp
9、rings get its name?A. Because of the hot climate of the area.B. Because of the tough guys hiding here.C. Because of the hot waters coming out of the ground.19. What is the highest temperature of the waters in Hot Springs?A. 135 degrees Fahrenheit.B. 145 degrees Fahrenheit.C. Nearly 200 degrees Fahre
10、nheit.20. What is an interesting fact about the city?A. The old bathhouses are still being used there.B The hot water there carried special powers.C. Many famous people were born there.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere are different types of money-sav
11、ing apps, and all of them work in different ways. Here are four of the best apps that can help you save much money.Capital One ShoppingCapital One Shopping can compare prices automatically as you shop online. As you add items to your cart at an online retailer, this app will search the web for bette
12、r deals and coupon (优惠券) codes. You can follow the links to other retailers offering a better price and use the available codes to save. You can even use this app while shopping at brick-and-mortar (实体店)stores.ParibusThere is nothing more upsetting than buying something and then seeing it for sale a
13、t a lower price a few days later. Wouldnt it be nice to get that money back? Now you can. Paribus helps you get money back by tracking your purchases from major stores and negotiating refunds. It also helps you get compensated for late deliveries and makes sure you dont leave it too late to return a
14、nything you bought.QapitalBy setting goals and rules, Qapital helps you make the most of your money and to save wisely. Theres a Payday Divvy feature that divides up your commitments between spending and saving. Youll also be able to take part in “Money Missions”， which are fun challenges designed t
15、o give you insight into smart financial investments. If you want to invest too, you can use Qapitals pre-built portfolios, which are tailor-made to the timeline and amount you input.DigitIf you cant figure out how much you can afford to save, Digit will analyze your spending habits and allocate a ce
16、rtain amount to your savings. If the app knows you have spare money to save, then it will be moved automatically, and if you dont, it will stop, so theres no risk of being left with no cash for the basics. You can sign up for a free trial for a month, and after that, the monthly price is $ 5.1. Whic
17、h of the following best describes Capital One Shoppings function?A. Finding better deals for consumers.B. Measuring brick-and-mortar stores.C. Providing dealers available coupon codes.D. Comparing the quality of different items.2. Which app are people most likely to choose when they want to learn ab
18、out investing?A. Capital One ShoppingB. ParibusC. QapitalD. Digit3. Whats the main purpose of this text?A. To introduce four best new apps.B. To encourage people to save money.C. To advertise some different apps.D. To recommend some money-saving apps.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款可以帮助人们省钱
19、的应用软件。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Capital One Shopping中“As you add items to your cart at an online retailer, this app will search the web for better deals and coupon(优惠券）codes. You can follow the links to other retailers offering a better price and use the available codes to save.( 当你在网上零售商的购物车中添加商品时，这个应用程序将搜索网络以
20、寻找更好的交易和优惠券代码。你可以通过链接找到其他提供更优惠价格的零售商，并使用可用的代码来省钱。)”可知，Capital One Shopping应用软件可以帮助消费者找到更好的交易。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Qapital中最后一句“If you want to invest too, you can use Qapitals pre-built portfolios, which are tailor-made to the timeline and amount you input.( 如果你也想投资，你可以使用Qapital的预先构建的投资组合，这些投资组合是根据你输入的时
21、间和金额定制的。)”可知，如果人们想了解投资的知识，人们可以选项Qapital这款应用软件。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There are different types of money-saving apps, and all of them work in different ways. Here are four of the best apps that can help you save much money.( 有不同类型的省钱应用软件，它们的工作方式也各不相同。这里有四款最好的应用程序可以帮你省很多钱。)”可知，本文主要介绍了四款可以帮助人们省钱的应用软件。
22、由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一些省钱的应用软件。故选D。BAfter graduating as a graphic design major in 2018, Chen Minlin didnt hunt for a job that fits it, but became a trekker(远足者).“Completing different trekking routes is like collecting cards in childhood-a lot of fun,” the 24-year-old told China Daily.Like Chen, more yo
23、ung people are going on journeys to rediscover the simple and beneficial joys of walking. According to Youxiake,a Hangzhou-based tour operator, more than 140,000 travelers signed up for trekking trips from May 1 to Oct 31. This represents a 9. 3 percent increase over the same period last year.For mo
24、st trekkers, exploring nature by foot can help them keep fit. Hiking or trekking in nature enables them to breathe fresh air, gives the whole body a workout and keeps them away from the crowds in urban public places, making for a tranquil experience.“I felt that exposure to nature and physical exhau
25、stion helped me counteract the negative effects of my distress(痛苦）at that time,” Zhang Peng,33, co-founder of Beijing Hiking Club,said. Trekking “is a liberating experience to enjoy the tranquility in the wilderness. And the exhausting climb makes me feel the vigor(活力） of life.”Trekking has, indeed,
26、 been integrated into his lifestyle. With great passion, Zhang has gone on many classic routes across the country. The longest trail hes ever finished was 240 kilometers.With poor internet access in the wild, it encourages people to chat and interact with one another on the long walks along the trai
27、ls. Zhang enjoys the social interaction, and the friendships it brings about.For Liu Yanli, also a trekker, what she cherishes most is that the activity brings her mental strength.Until this year, her life had always run smoothly and lacked hardship. She craved the sense of achievement that can be f
28、elt after overcoming the difficulties offered by trekking.Ever since 2013, shes trekked in many countries, including Nepal, Japan, Greece, New Zealand, Italy and Jordan. In one situation, she felt she was at the point of collapsing, but she carried on. “I was impressed and moved by my willpower. Id
29、never experienced that feeling in my daily life,” Liu said.Its perhaps this unusual feeling that appeals to more youths. “Each time when I came back from a trip,the contrast between the harsh conditions in the wild and my cozy home helps to strengthen my happiness in everyday life,” Liu added.4. Why
30、 is Chen Minlins experience mentioned in the beginning of the text?A. To suggest a different graduation celebration.B. To recommend some popular trekking routes.C. To show the popularity and appeal of trekking.D. To inform the readers of the features of trekking.5. What does the underlined word “cou
31、nteract” in paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Get rid of.B. Think of.C. Become aware of.D. Take advantage of.6. What do paragraphs 4-11 talk about?A. Opposite views toward trekking.B. The importance of exploring nature.C. The benefits of trekking to different people.D. A comparison of some peoples trekki
32、ng trips.7. What about trekking fascinates Liu Yanli most?A. It allows her to meet different people.B. It gives her a strong sense of achievement.C. It enables her to stay in shape.D. It is a good way for her to release stress.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文介绍了几位青年人对流行的徒步生活的经历和体会。【4题详解】推
33、理判断题。根据第三段首句“Like Chen, more young people are going on journeys to rediscover the simple and beneficial joys of walking.（像陈一样，越来越多的年轻人开始旅行，重新发现步行简单而有益的乐趣）”可知，像陈先生一样，越来越多的年轻人开始踏上旅途，重新发现走路简单而有益的乐趣。所以文章开头提到陈敏林的经历，是为了展示徒步旅行的流行性和吸引力。故选C。5题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文句子“Trekking is a liberating experience to enjoy the t
34、ranquility in the wilderness.（徒步旅行是一种在荒野中享受宁静的自由体验。）”可知，徒步旅行是一种在野外享受宁静的自由体验，所以，置身于大自然和身体的疲惫有助于“抵消，摆脱”当时痛苦带来的负面影响。“counteract”意思是摆脱。故选A。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段内容“For most trekkers, exploring nature by foot can help them keep fit. Hiking or trekking in nature enables them to breathe fresh air, gives the w
35、hole body a workout and keeps them away from the crowds in urban public places, making for a tranquil experience.（对大多数徒步旅行者来说，徒步探索大自然可以帮助他们保持健康。在大自然中徒步旅行或远足能让他们呼吸新鲜空气，锻炼全身，远离城市公共场所的人群，给人一种宁静的体验。）”以及下文举例“张鹏和刘艳丽对徒步的体验和感受”可知，这里是在说明徒步旅行给不同的人带来的好处。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段的句子“She craved the sense of achi
36、evement that can be felt after overcoming the difficulties offered by trekking.（她渴望在克服了徒步旅行带来的困难后能感受到的成就感。）”可知，徒步旅行最让刘艳丽着迷的是，这给了她一种强烈的成就感。故选B。CIn a world first, scientists have cloned a rare, endangered Przewalskis horse named Kurt at San Diego zoo in the US. Little Kurt looks like any other baby ho
37、rse as he plays happily in his pen(围栏).He isnt afraid to kick or head butt anyone who gets in his way and when hes hungry, dashes over to his mother for milk.Scientists have cloned nearly two dozen kinds of mammals. The first was Dolly the sheep in the UK in 1996. Other species include dogs, cats, p
38、igs, cows and polo ponies and, in China in 2018, a monkey.The zoo sees Kurts birth as a milestone in efforts to restore the population of the horse also known as the Asiatic Wild Horse or Mongolian Wild Horse. The small animals ( they stand only about 1.2m to 1.5m tall) are believed extinct in the w
39、ild and number only about 2,000 in zoos and wildlife habitats. Their limited gene pool puts them at a reproductive disadvantage.“This horse is expected to be one of the most genetically important individuals of his species,” Bob Wiese, chief life sciences officer at San Diego Zoo Global, which opera
40、tes the zoo, said in a statement. “We are hopeful that he will bring back genetic variation important for the future of the Przewalskis horse population. ”Although only 2 months old Kurts birth was made possible in 1980 when cells were taken from a 5-year-old male horse and put in deep freeze at San
41、 Diegos Frozen Zoo facility. His father died in 1998.Kurt was named for Kurt Benirschke, who played a key role in founding the Frozen Zoo.“A central belief of the Frozen Zoo, when it was established by Dr Benirschke, was that it would be used for purposes not possible at the time. ” said Oliver Ryde
42、r, director of genetics at San Diego Zoo Global.Kurt was born at a veterinary(兽医的) facility in Texas,US,where hell continue to live with his mother for most likely another year. Eventually hell become part of the zoos Przewalskis horse population, where its hoped someday hell become a father himself
43、.8. According to the passage, many mammals have been cloned except_.A Przewalskis horsesB. polar bearsC. monkeysD. sheep9. Why does the zoo see Kurts birth as a milestone?A. Because it will be the first one to live in the wild.B. Because it is the only cloned one close to extinction.C. Because its e
44、xpected to become the lead horse.D. Because it may help recover the genetic variation.10. What can we learn about Kurt from the text?A. He behaved differently from others when he was young.B. He doesnt have a father as a cloned one in the laboratory.C. The cells for cloning have been preserved for o
45、ver 40 years.D. Its name comes from the discoverer of the Przewalskis horse.11. What was the Frozen Zoo set up for?A. Protecting endangered animals that may be hard to save for the moment.B. Providing necessary facilities to help people clone endangered animals.C. Encouraging people to insist on the
46、ir purposes that may hard to achieve.D. Forming a central belief that it would be useful someday in the near future.【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了近日，科学家在美国圣地亚哥动物园克隆了一匹罕见的濒危普氏野马库尔特，这在世界上尚属首次。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Scientists have cloned nearly two dozen kinds of mammals. The first was D
47、olly the sheep in the UK in 1996. Other species include dogs, cats, pigs, cows and polo ponies and, in China in 2018, a monkey.（科学家已经克隆了近24种哺乳动物。第一个是1996年英国的多利羊。其他物种包括狗、猫、猪、牛和马球马，以及2018年在中国的猴子。）”可知，北极熊没有被克隆过。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The zoo sees Kurts birth as a milestone in efforts to restore the po
48、pulation of the horse also known as the Asiatic Wild Horse or Mongolian Wild Horse. The small animals ( they stand only about 1.2m to 1.5m tall) are believed extinct in the wild and number only about 2,000 in zoos and wildlife habitats.（动物园认为库尔特的出生是努力恢复亚洲野马或蒙古野马数量的一个里程碑。这种小动物(它们的身高只有1.2米到1.5米)在野生环境中
49、被认为已经灭绝，在动物园和野生动物栖息地中只有大约2000种。）”和文章第五段“We are hopeful that he will bring back genetic variation important for the future of the Przewalskis horse population. ”（ “我们希望他能带回对普氏野马种群的未来至关重要的基因变异。”）”可推知，该动物园把Kurt的出生看作一个里程碑，是因为它可能有助于恢复基因变异。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Although only 2 months old Kurts birth wa
50、s made possible in 1980 when cells were taken from a 5-year-old male horse and put in deep freeze at San Diegos Frozen Zoo facility.（尽管只有两个月大的库尔特的出生在1980年成为可能，当时从一匹5岁的公马身上提取了细胞，并在圣地亚哥冷冻动物园进行了深度冷冻。）”可推知，用于克隆的细胞已经保存了40多年。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“A central belief of the Frozen Zoo, when it was establ
51、ished by Dr Benirschke, was that it would be used for purposes not possible at the time. ” said Oliver Ryder, director of genetics at San Diego Zoo Global.（Benirschke博士建立“冰冻动物园”时的一个核心信念是，它将被用于当时不可能的目的。圣地亚哥全球动物园(San Diego Zoo Global)的遗传学主任奥利弗莱德(Oliver Ryder)说。）”可推知，冰冻动物园是为了保护目前难以挽救的濒危动物而设立的。故选A。DAlon
52、g Utahs Highway 68 in the small community of Elberta, Utah stands an industrial dome(圆屋顶) Inside is a futuristic collection of shelves, towering 25 feet tall. The dome is home to a vertical farm, which doesnt grow food for humans but for cows.Three years ago, Lance Bateman and his three brothers agr
53、eed to be part of a pilot project that would use vertical farming to grow and feed the cows for their dairy and beef farm, Bateman Mosida Farms. Grov Technologies, an agriculture tech company in Vineyard, Utah, partnered with Batemans on the project and developed all the equipment for the vertical f
54、arm.The brothers are now using six towers to pump out fresh wheatgrass for their herd of 20,000 cows 365 days a year. The vertical farm takes up about 857 square feet of space, but it does the work that would be required on 35 to 50 acres of land, according to Grov Technologies. Supporters claim ver
55、tical farms use 95% less water than in conventional field farming. A full harvest cycle in the Batemans farm takes anywhere from five to seven days, starting with a tray of seeds that is carried to the top of the tower and rotated on wheels through the entire structure. Bateman says each tower provi
56、des about 2,800 pounds of feed each day, which is only about two percent of what his cows eat in a day. His farm grows feed conventionally when it can and buys the rest. The farm is also planning to install four more towers within the next six weeks.According to Bateman,studies conducted by Grov Tec
57、hnologies in 2019 found that, when the cows were fed 12-15% of the vertical farms feed in their diets, they produced more milk or at the same pace while eating less feed overall, ultimately improving the farms bottom line.“A farm is an expensive venture, but I know with this facility, we can compete
58、, especially with different climate scenarios(说明）across the world,”he says. “I believe this will make farming available in areas where it hasnt been able to happen. ”12. Whats the purpose of the writer by writing the second paragraph?A. To describe how the vertical farm works.B. To value the history
59、 of the vertical farm.C. To show the structure of the vertical farm.D. To explain how the vertical farm came into being.13. What can we learn about the vertical farm according to the passage?A. It has replaced conventional farming.B. It needs more acres of land to work.C. It is water-conserving and
60、efficient.D. It is relatively easy to maintain.14. How much feed is needed daily for all the cows on the farm?A. 70,000 pounds.B. 72,800 pounds.C. 140,000 pounds.D. 142,800 pounds.15. What is mainly implied in Batemans words in the last paragraph?A. Vertical farming has a promising future.B Vertical
61、 farming remains to be improved.C. Competition is usually an expensive venture.D. Farming wont happen with climate scenarios.【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垂直农场的运作机理和广阔前景。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Three years ago, Lance Bateman and his three brothers agreed to be part of a pilot project t
62、hat would use vertical farming to grow and feed the cows for their dairy and beef farm, Bateman Mosida Farms. （多年前，兰斯贝特曼和他的三个兄弟同意参与一个试点项目，该项目将利用垂直农场来种植和喂养奶牛，以供他们的奶牛场和肉牛场贝特曼莫斯达农场使用。）”可推断，作者写第二段的目的是来解释垂直农场是如何形成的。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Supporters claim vertical farms use 95% less water than in conventi
63、onal field farming.A full harvest cycle in the Batemans farm takes anywhere from five to seven days, starting with a tray of seeds that is carried to the top of the tower and rotated on wheels through the entire structure.（支持者声称，垂直农场比传统农田耕作耗水量少95%。在贝特曼的农场里，一个完整的收获周期需要5到7天。首先，一盘种子被运到塔顶，然后通过轮子在整个建筑中旋转
64、。）”可知，垂直农场节水且高效。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Bateman says each tower provides about 2,800 pounds of feed each day, which is only about two percent of what his cows eat in a day.（贝特曼说，每座塔每天提供大约2800磅饲料，这仅是他的牛每天所吃饲料的2%。）”可推算，2800/2%=140000，所以农场里所有的奶牛每天需要140000磅的饲料。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“I believe this will
65、make farming available in areas where it hasnt been able to happen.（我相信，这将使以前不可能实现农业的地区得以发展。）”可推断，最后一段贝特曼的话暗示了垂直农业有着广阔的前景。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mixing murals, sculpture and calligraphy, grotto(石窟) temples are historical treasures of ancient Chinese art
66、s, values and spirits. Thousands of people flock to grotto temples each year. _16_In October,the National Cultural Heritage Administration and the Ministry of Culture and Tourism issued a notice, urging protection of Chinas grotto temples. Grotto temple workers are required to do research and determ
67、ine how many daily visitors they can safely handle._17_ Visitors are encouraged to visit at different time periods or have virtual experiences related to the cultural heritage sites. These measures are aimed at preserving these relics, as both human and environmental factors have caused harm.Tourist
68、s often touch the sculptures, leading to changes in the surface and color of the figures overtime._18_And even the most well-behaved tourists can unknowingly cause harm to the relics. Over many centuries, the ancient rocks that make up these grottoes slowly corrode(腐蚀) due to the acid content of air
69、,water and microorganisms. _19_ According to a study by the China University of Geosciences,the carbon dioxide that visitors breathe out has made the air more acid. At the Mogao Grottoes in Gansu, researchers also found that microorganisms brought in unintentionally by visitors themselves have also
70、led to changes in color in murals.“_20_ Seeing the grottoes in depth, it will help people better understand Chinese philosophy and humanities from a historical perspective. ” Lu Ji-wen, deputy director of the Yungang Grottoes Re-search Academy,told China News.A. Preserving these relics is important.
71、B. Yet these relics are threatened by visitors.C. The new rule received support from visitors.D. The light from cameras can also damage the relics.E. The visitors number should be controlled based on this research.F. But when the grottoes are open to the public, the process speeds up.G. Efforts shou
72、ld also go into advertising the beauty of grotto temples.【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A【解析】本文为说明文。文章说明了游客的增多会加速文物的损坏，于是相关部门发布通知控制游客数量，以保护文物，鼓励游客在不同的时间段参观，或进行与文物古迹相关的虚拟体验。【16题详解】上文“Thousands of people flock to grotto temples each year.（每年有成千上万的人涌向石窟寺庙）”说明了有很多人去参观石窟寺庙；下文 “In October,the National Cu
73、ltural Heritage Administration and the Ministry of Culture and Tourism issued a notice, urging protection of Chinas grotto temples.（今年10月，国家文物局和文化和旅游部发布通知，督促对中国的石窟寺庙进行保护） ”说明了要保护石窟寺庙。由此推知设空处内容应起到承上启下的作用。B项 “Yet these relics are threatened by visitors.（但是这些遗迹受到游客的威胁）”符合语境。故选B项。【17题详解】上文“Grotto temple
74、 workers are required to do research and determine how many daily visitors they can safely handle. （石窟寺的工作人员被要求进行调查，确定他们每天能安全接待多少游客）”可推知，设空处可能陈述要通过调查确定石窟寺庙接待游客的安全数量，以控制游客的数量；E项“The visitors number should be controlled based on this research.（在此研究基础上，对参观人数进行控制）”符合语境，选项中的this research呼应上文的research。故选E
75、项。【18题详解】上文“Tourists often touch the sculptures, leading to changes in the surface and color of the figures overtime.（游客经常触摸雕塑，导致人物的表面和颜色的变化）”与D项“The light from cameras can also damage the relics.（相机发出的光线也会损坏文物）”承接自然，also是关键词，且上下文都陈述游客的一些行为会损坏雕像。故选D项。【19题详解】根据上文“Over many centuries, the ancient rock
76、s that make up these grottoes slowly corrode due to the acid content of air,water and microorganisms. （几个世纪以来，由于空气、水和微生物的酸性成分，构成这些石窟的古老岩石慢慢地被腐蚀）”和下文 “According to a study by the China University of Geosciences,the carbon dioxide that visitors breathe out has made the air more acid. （根据中国地质大学的一项研究，游客
77、呼出的二氧化碳使空气酸度增加）”可推知，设空处可能陈述游客会加速石窟的损坏。F项“But when the grottoes are open to the public, the process speeds up.（但是当石窟向公众开放时，这一过程会加快）”符合语境，说明了，公众开放时，由于游客呼出的二氧化碳使空气酸度增加，石窟的古老岩石会加快被腐蚀。故选F项。【20题详解】下文“Seeing the grottoes in depth, it will help people better understand Chinese philosophy and humanities from
78、 a historical perspective.（深入观察这些石窟，将有助于人们从历史的角度更好地理解中国的哲学和人文）”说明了研究石窟对理解中国的哲学和人文有好处，因此我们要保护石窟文物，解释说明了A选项 “Preserving these relics is important.（保存这些文物很重要）”。故选A项。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It was during a school trip to the Art Gallery
79、of NSW that I realized I was not white. Aged eight, rough and _21_ like any child travelling to an exciting place miles away from their own home, I was seriously reminded by a teacher to _22_ in one place. To ensure this happened, and that I did not escape to a closed-off exhibition area_23_when her
80、 eyes turned elsewhere, she forced me to hold the hand of a quiet, modest girl in my class, the typical teachers_24_.Already feeling incredibly self-conscious, the moment took a_25_ for the worse when a fellow classmate eyed our _26_ hands. With a finger pointing _27_ towards us, he said, “God, I ca
81、n see her hand turning _28_ already.”That night I came home and cried in the shower. My own secret purchase of a Dove beauty bar _29_to wash off the thick layer of dark grime(污点） onto my skin. For the first time I was forced to confront the vast_30_ between who I thought I was and who I actually was
82、.Race proceeded to become something I_31_ with all throughout adolescence. In stories like these, the climax comes during _32_, the most important period of my education. To an extent, that was true.While race is the source of many of our struggles, it is also the _33_ of our characteristics, deares
83、t stories, and most _34_ people. We have come to understand life better from our race. As people coming from an ethno-cultural(种族文化的） minority, our race informs, but does not single- handedly _35_,who we are.21. A. civilB. noisyC. frankD. responsible22. A. marchB. observeC. stayD. zoom23. A. immedia
84、telyB. frequentlyC. individuallyD. slightly24. A. styleB. vehicleC. audienceD. pet25. A. breakB. whileC. turnD. lead26. A. well-roundedB. interlockedC. outputD. upraised27. A. accusinglyB. disturbinglyC. awkwardlyD. formally28. A. flexibleB. acidC. rigidD. black29. A. failedB. aimedC. meantD. sought
85、30. A. balanceB. entranceC. optionD. valley31. A. contactedB. performedC. struggledD. united32. A. universityB. travellingC. exhibitionD. schedule33. A. promotionB. collectionC. locationD. reflection34. A. frightenedB. lovedC. concernedD. demanded35. A. tuneB. admitC. exploreD. define【答案】21. B 22. C
86、 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要讲述了作者身为黑人，从小就一直在种族问题上挣扎奋斗，在此过程中，作者也学到了种族不能决定一个人的本质，而是奋斗力量的源泉。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：八岁时，远离家数英里的令人兴奋的地方旅行，我像任何孩子一样吵闹喧哗，一位老师严肃地提醒我要待在自己的位置（不要乱跑）。A. civil国内的，公民的；B. noisy嘈杂的、吵闹的；C. frank 坦率的，直白的；D. responsi
87、ble负责任的。由后文“like any child travelling to an exciting place miles away from their own home”可知，对刚上学的小孩子来说，参加这次参观活动是令人兴奋的，肯定会又吵又闹，故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. march行进；B. observe观察，遵守，注意；C. stay停留；D. zoom急速上升；扩大影像。由下文in one place以及“she forced me to hold the hand of a quiet, modest girl in my class”可知，作者
88、被迫是呆在一个地方，不能乱跑。故选C项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了确保我不乱动，并确保在她眼睛离开我的时候我没有一下子跑到一个封闭的展览区域，她让我拉着班上一个安静，谦虚的女孩的手，一个典型的老师眼里的宠儿。A. immediately立即；B. frequently频繁地；C. individually个人地；D. slightly稍微。根据下文“when her eyes turned elsewhere”可知，确保在她眼睛离开我的时候我没有一下子跑到一个封闭的展览区域，故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. style风格，方式；B. vehicle车辆
89、，交通工具；C. audience观众；D. pet宠物；红人；宠儿。根据语境a quiet, modest girl in my class, the typical teachers_4_可推知，这个谦虚、安静的孩子是老师都喜欢的乖孩子，也就是老师眼里的宠儿。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：已经感到非常不自在，当同班同学注视着我们那双互锁的手时，此刻情况变得更糟了。A. break暂停；B. while一会；C. turn转折；D. lead领先。由“for the worse when a fellow classmate eyed our 6 hands. ”可推知是朝
90、着更坏的方向发展了，take a turn符合语境，故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：已经感到非常不自在，当同班同学注视着我们那双互锁的手时，此刻情况变得更糟了。A. well-rounded全面的； B.interlocked使连锁，扣紧；C. output输出； D. upraised举起的。由上文“hold the hand of a quiet, modest girl in my class”可知，作者牵着女孩的手，也就是两只手紧扣着，故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他用一个手指指向我们，他说：“天哪，我已经看到她的手已经变黑了。”A. accusin
91、gly指责地，谴责地；B. disturbingly令人不安地；C. awkwardly尴尬地；D. formally正式地。由文中“ “God, I can see her hand turning _8_ already”可推知，他是用指责的语气说作者把女孩的手变黑了。故选A项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. flexible灵活的；B. acid酸的；C. rigid死板的，僵硬的；D. black黑色的，黑暗的。根据下文“to wash off the thick layer of dark grime(污点） onto my skin.”可推知是作者的黑色肤色让女孩
92、的手变黑了。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我回到家，在淋浴间哭了。我自己偷偷地买了多芬美容棒，但没能将皮肤上厚厚的黑垢洗干净。A. failed失败；B. aimed旨在；C. meant意味着；D. sought寻找；探寻。根据文中语境可知，作者是黑人，这个肤色肯定不能洗下来。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次被迫面对我以为我是谁和我实际是谁之间的巨大深谷。A. balance平衡； B. entrance入口； C. option选择；D. valley山谷。由后文“between who I thought I was and who
93、 I actually was”可推知，是巨大的深谷。这里使用了比喻的手法，意指第一次面对这样的身份认知的问题。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：种族逐渐成为我整个青春期都在挣扎的东西。A. contacted联系；B. performed做，表演；C. struggled挣扎；D. united联合，团结。由下文“race is the source of many of our struggles”可知，种族问题是让作者挣扎困扰的事情。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的故事中，高潮是在我的大学时期，我的教育中最重要的时期。A. university大学；
94、B. travelling旅行；C. exhibition展览；D. schedule日程安排，计划表。由文中“the most important period of my education”可知，“大学时期”符合语境，故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然种族是我们许多斗争的根源，同时也是我们特征，最爱的故事和最爱的人的所在地。A. promotion提升，升职；B. collection收集，收藏品；C. location位置；D. reflection反思，反省。由文中“ of our characteristics, dearest stories, and most
95、 _14_ people”可推知，种族承载着最爱的故事和人。即这些人和事的所在地。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然种族是我们许多斗争的根源，同时也是我们特征，最爱的故事和最爱的人的所在地。A. frightened害怕的；B. loved深爱的；C. concerned担忧的；D. demanded要求的。由上文“dearest stories”可推知，是我们深爱的人。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为来自种族文化中少数群体的人们，我们的种族告诉我们是谁，但不是一味地界定我们的身份。A. tune调整，调频；B. admit承认；C. explore探索
96、；D. define定义。由文中“who we are”可推知是种族不能定义我们的身份。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Geography should be part of every 21st century education. Without geography, the world as well as _36_ it fits together is a mystery. Geography is a skill and vision that _37_(open) the door for
97、learners to better understand the interconnected world around them. It gives young people the insight _38_ (draw) connections, measure how individual actions can change the world, assess the costs and benefits, and seek solutions to complex questions about our planet. Its why I believe geography is
98、a science_39_(power) suited to address the challenges of the 21st century.Learners today are coming of age amid a confluence of _40_(crisis): a global pandemic, an economic depression and an ongoing climate crisis. It _41_(happen) at a time when educators and families are trying so hard to cope with
99、 the realities of learning in new environments because of COVID-19. _42_ I remain optimistic because young people around the world and the educators who reach them are key to _43_(solve) our planets most pressing problems. When we equip students with geographic knowledge, we enable them to think cri
100、tically, solve problems and be the architects of change _44_ our planet needs. To prepare our young people, we owe them a high-quality geography education. Geography can and should be integrated _45_ lesson plans in other subjects, like history and science, or even art, so that learners can engage w
101、ith real-world issues.【答案】36. how 37. opens 38. to draw 39. powerfully 40. crises 41. is happening/happens 42. Yet/Though/However 43. solving 44. that/who/whom 45. throughout【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文。文章论述了地理学科应该是21世纪的必须学习的学科，同时阐明了原因和意义。【36题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：没有地理学科的话，这个世界以及这个世界如何构成为一个整体的将是一个迷。此处作as的宾语，从句缺乏方式状语，应用ho
102、w引导。故填how。【37题详解】考查动词。句意：地理学科是一门技能和能力，能够帮助学习者更好理解他们周围相互联系的世界。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词vision，从句缺乏谓语，open与主语为主谓关系，描述一般情况，应用一般现在时。故填opens。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地理学科让年轻人学会形成联系的洞察力，测量个人的行动可以如何改变世界，评估得失，寻求关于地球复杂问题的解决办法。此处修饰名词insight，表示将来的动作，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to draw。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：这就是为什么我认为地理学科是一门足以应对21世纪挑战的学科。此处修饰动词suited，应
103、用副词。故填powerfully。【40题详解】考查名词复数。句意：当今的学习者要处于各种危机的汇集处：全球的疫情，经济萧条以及持续的气候危机。根据空后a global pandemic, an economic depression and an ongoing climate crisis可知，危机不止一个，应用名词复数。故填crises。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这正发生在这样一个时代里，教育工作者和家庭都在努力应对由新冠病毒造成新的实际情况。根据句意可知，这种情况正在发生，可用现在进行时；也可以是描述一般情况，可用一般现在时。故填is happening或happens。【42
104、题详解】考查副词。句意：但是我仍然持乐观态度，因为全世界的青年人和教育他们的教育工作者们是解决地球最急迫问题的关键。根据句意可知，前后句为转折关系，应用转折副词Yet/Though/However。故填Yet或Though或However。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是我仍然持乐观态度，因为全世界的青年人和教育他们的教育工作者们是解决地球最急迫问题的关键。固定短语the key to doing sth.“做某事的关键”。故填solving。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我们的学生具备了地理知识，那么他们就能够进行批判性地思考，解决问题，以及 成为我们星球需要的设计师。此处为限
105、定性为定语从句，先行词architects，指人，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或who或whom引导。故填that或who或whom。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：地理学科知识可以也应该与其他学科进行整合并贯穿于其课程计划中。根据全文可知，本文强调地理学科的重要性，应将地理知识贯穿于其他学科中，应用介词throughout。故填throughout。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，你们学校近期开展了以“十八而志，感恩与责任”为主题的十八岁成人礼仪式（Adult Ceremony),请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.参加人员
106、；2.活动目的与内容；3.活动反响。注意：1.写作词数应为80100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】One possible version:Our school has recently launched an Adult Ceremony to encourage us to strive with gratitude and responsibility.Attending the ceremony were school leaders, teachers and students who are,18 years old.The president expresse
107、d on behalf of the school his wish that we should stay hungry for knowledge and never let down the high expectations of teachers,parents and others in society.After the speech of the school leaders,we students took the collective oath and wrote down our dreams.This event turned out a great success,
108、convincing us that its our duty to aim high while doing solid work.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校近期开展了以“十八而志，感恩与责任”为主题的十八岁成人礼仪式（Adult Ceremony)，要求考生就此为校英文报写一篇报道。【详解】词汇积累举办：holdlaunch求知若渴：stay thirsty for knowledge stay hungry for knowledge使失望：disappointlet down结果，证明是：result inturn out2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：This ev
109、ent turned out a great success, convincing us that its our duty to aim high while doing solid work.拓展句：Although we were all very tired, this event turned out a great success, convincing us that its our duty to aim high while doing solid work.【点睛】高分句型1 The president expressed on behalf of the school
110、his wish that we should stay hungry for knowledge and never let down the high expectations of teachers, parents and others in society. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)高分句型2 This event turned out a great success, convincing us that its our duty to aim high while doing solid work. (运用了现在分词convincing作状语)第二节 读后续写（满分25
111、分）47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。One dark night during the summer holidays, I walked over to my friend Jeremys house to stay over. We were going to have a movie marathon of our favorite sci-fi adventure film series and stay up late with some snacks and drinks. I had not been to his house before b
112、ecause he had only recently moved, so I asked him to text me over his new address: 64 Cherry Tree Road.Jeremys new street was a nice part of town, lined with tall trees and most of the houses had a hedge or fence at the front. Some of the houses had their numbers on the gate, some on the house, and
113、some didnt seem to have a number at all. It had started to cloud over as I left my house, and as I turned on to his road, it began to rain. As the rain got heavier, I rushed to find number sixty-four and eventually found it . or so I thought. I walked past number 62, so assumed it was the next one,
114、which appeared to have no number. You see, usually the odd numbers are on one side of the street, the even numbers on the other.I walked quickly up the driveway to the front door. It was very dark too and there were no lights on inside the house, which did seem strange. However, I was getting drench
115、ed(湿透的) and wanted to get inside! I rang the bell, but nobody came, so I rang and knocked again. Then I noticed there was house number after all. A ridiculous small one that said 63. There was a sudden thud(呯的一声) inside the apparently empty house, and a moment later the front door opened violently.A
116、 hooded(戴兜帽的) man with a beard and blue glasses hurried past me and ran into the street. There was a shout from inside: “Wait for me, Rob!” Another man rushed out, but he dropped what he was carrying and tripped on the doorstep. The other man shouted from the road “Cmon, Kev!” he picked himself up a
117、nd looked at me before racing after his friend.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1:I looked at what the second man had dropped; it was jewellery._Paragraph 2:“You were brave for trying stop them,” said the officer._【答案】One possible version:I looked at what the second man had drop
118、ped; it was jewellery. It all happened too quickly, but I soon realized what had happened. They were burglars. My friend Jeremy, who was waiting for me, quickly ran out. when hearing unusual noises. We called the police and they were there 5 minutes later. I gave the police officer descriptions of t
119、he thieves and told them the names they had called out.“You were brave for trying stop them,” said the officer: “We should be able to catch them with your information.” Jeremy told the officer the owners of the house were on holiday and gave him a phone number. When the officer left, I told Jeremy a
120、bout the mistake with the door numbers. I hadnt really been brave at all, but my mix-up had stopped the burglars getting away with the jewelry. Jeremys neighbor thanked me a lot when they came back.Actually I have been enjoying myself.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在晚上，作者在去找好朋友杰里米家的时候，找错门牌号，但是遇到两个窃贼从房里出来。于是作
121、者和听到异常声音的好朋友一起报警，警察来询问情况并且称赞作者勇敢，房子的主人也很感谢作者。但作者知道这是因为自己找错门牌号才发现窃贼，但还是感到很开心。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我看了看第二个人掉下来的东西；这是珠宝。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现他们是小偷，然后和听到异常声音跑来的好朋友杰里米一起报警。由第二段首句内容“你试图阻止他们是很勇敢。警官说。”可知，第二段可描写警察向作者询问情况。房主知道情况后非常感谢作者，但作者知道这是因为自己找错门牌号才发现窃贼，但作者还是感到很开心。2.续写线索：看到意识到报警抓住非常感谢过得开心3.词汇激活行为类看到：look at/see/c
122、atch sight of意识到：realize/ be aware of报警：called the police/ reported the accident to the police/tell the police抓住：catch /trap /grasp情绪类非常感谢：thank sb. a lot/show ones gratitude to sb./be grateful to sb.过得开心：enjoy oneself/be happy【点睛】高分句型1 It all happened too quickly, but I soon realized what had happened.（由what引导的宾语从句作realized的宾语）高分句型2 My friend Jeremy, who was waiting for me, quickly ran out, when hearing unusual noises. （由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句）
