1、M3U1 The world of our senses学案Word powerAim : Master the new words and help the students to use them correctly and freely.第一部分：预习:1. deserted _ (v.) 2. still (adj.) _ (adv. )3. stare at _(怒视) 4. wath out _ (同义词)5. confidently_(adj.) 6. reduce_ (把减少到)7. experiment _ (做实验) 8. make sense _ (讲不通,没道理)9.
2、everyday_(每天, 日常) 10.avoid _(避免干某事)第二部分：重点讲解1. sense v. eg. sense danger 感觉到了危险He sensed that something bad had happen 他感到有不好的事发生了. n. 1) the five senses : sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch2) a sense of eg. a sense of shame , safety, duty, direction羞耻感,安全感, 责任感, 方向感make sense 有意义,讲得通,有道理; 是合情理的, 是
3、明智的eg. What you say makes no sense. 你说的话没道理. No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didnt make (any) sense ( to me )不管我怎么读, 这句子就是讲不通. It makes sense to take care of your health.要关注健康. It would make sense to leave earlier.还是早点离开好.in a sense在某种意义上 eg. What you say is true in a sense.make a sen
4、se of sth. 弄懂 理解 eg. Can you make sense of the poem?common sense 常识2. truth eg. There is not a word of truth in what he says.他说的毫不属实.The truth is that 事实上To tell the truth 说实话,老实说eg. To tell the truth , I dont agree at all.3. observe observation n.4. rest n the rest of 其余的,剩下的 谓语动词的单复数根据of后的名词决定 注意:
5、The rest of the students are against the idea. The rest of the film is not worth seeing.5. glance ( at ) n. v.eg. She glanced shyly at him and then lowered her eyes.她羞怯地偷看了他一眼,随即垂下了眼帘. take a glance at = glance at = take a quick look at朝匆匆看一下 eg. He took a glance at me and walked away without a word
6、. at first sight / glance乍看之下 eg At first glance , the problem seemed easy.1. nowhere , everywhereeg. I looked everywhere,but nowhere could he be found.nowhere 放于句首,用倒装句2. sight 1)视力 lose ones sight失明 have a good / poor sight视力好/差2)情景,景象The flowers are a lovely sight in spring.3)人工建造的景物 sights pl.We
7、 all enjoyed seeing the sights in New York.4)看见 in / within sight被看见; out of sight不被看见;come into sight进入视野eg. The train is still in sight . 还能看得见那列火车 The house was out of sight behind the wall.房子被墙遮住看不见了. The ship came into sight out of the fog.那艘船驶出浓雾,依稀可见. at the sight of 一看见; at first sight 乍看之下
8、catch/lose sight of 看见,发现/ 看不见3. beat 1) 连续敲打beat the drum2) 把打成某状态beat sb. to death3) 心脏的跳动He is still alive. His heart is still beating.4) 翅膀拍动The birds wings were beating happily.5) 打败 (= defeat ) Our team was easily beaten .4. fear n. feel / show no fear毫不畏惧 a fear of heights恐高 for fear of sth.
9、/ of doing sth. ; for fear (that) 惟恐;以免(发生危险) eg. We spoke in whisper for fear of waking the baby / for fear (that) we might wake the baby.我们轻声的交谈,以免吵醒婴儿.v. eg. fear death 怕死 Never fear. Everything will be all right.不要害怕,一切都会好的. I fear (=I am afraid )( that ) he is going to die. 我担心他快死了.5. wish for
10、sth.Its no use wishing for things you cant have. 想要得不到的事物是徒劳的.What more could one wish for? 夫复何求?6. still adv. adj.eg. still water 死水 a still evening 寂静的夜晚 a still day 无风的一天 Please keep/stay/hold/keep/sit/stand still while I take your photo.我给你拍照的时候请别动.12. darkness (u) eg. The room is in complete da
11、rkness.室内一片漆黑.13. second Ill be ready in a second. 我马上好.14. reach (ones hand ) ( out ) for sth. 伸手去拿 eg. The monkey reached out a hand for the banana.15. stare at注视, 盯 / glare at = stare angrily at 怒视16. watch out for = look out for = be careful with 小心17. step 1) 步,脚步walk with slow steps 慢步行走2) (某过
12、程中的)一步eg. Whats the next step? 下一步该怎么做? There has been a great step forward. 向前迈出的很大一步. step by step 逐步地,逐渐地 take steps to do sth. = take action to do sth. 采取措施eg. The government is taking steps to control the rising of crime rate.政府已采取措施控制不断上升的犯罪率.18. pay sb. back ( sth. ) ; pay sth. back eg. pay m
13、e back the money 还我钱19. confidently confident confidence have confidence / lose confidence in sth 对有信心/对失去信心 be / feel confident of sth./that 对有信心 eg. feel confident of succeeding/ that one will succeed = feel sure of success有成功的把握20. personally Personally speaking(就我个人来说), Im in favor of the plan.2
14、1. reduce / increase to 把减少或增加到 reduce / increase by 把减少或增加了 eg. reduce ones weight from 98 to 92 kilos 把体重从98公斤减少到92公斤 即 : reduce ones weight by 6 kilos体重减少了6公斤 reduce to 使陷入(某不利)状态 eg. be reduced to begging 沦落到乞讨reduce sb. to tears/silence 使某人流泪/ 使某人安静下来22. related relate v. relation n. related to
15、 = connected with = linked to 与有关,有联系 crime related to drugs 与毒品有关的犯罪 relate A to B / with B 把A和B联系起来 relate to sb/sth 涉及,与有关eg. Does the law relate only to theft ? 这个法律是否只涉及盗窃罪?Wealth is seldom related to happiness. 23. add add A to B 把A添加到B上 eg. If the tea is too strong,add some more water (to it)
16、.如果茶太浓,添点水. add sth. ( to sth. ) 补充说,接着说 eg. I have nothing to add ( to my earlier statement ). 对与我先前的话,我没什么要补充的. The president expressed his thanks , adding that he enjoyed his stay here.总统表达了他的感激之情,接着又说他在这儿待得很愉快. add to sth. = increase sth. 增加 eg. The bad weather only added to our difficulties.The
17、 house has been added to. 房子一直在扩建. add sth. up 把加起来 eg. Please add up all the money. add up to sth. 加起来总计达到 eg. The numbers add up to 100.24. make the most of = make the full use of25. everyday : daily adj. 作定语 every day : daily adv. 作状语 eg. Every day he goes out to perform his everyday duty.26. dee
18、ply adv. 抽象的概念/ deep adj. adv. 具体的概念 eg.He was deeply moved . 他深深的感动了. He went deeper and deeper into the deep water. 他一步步走进深水中.27. cant help doing情不自禁做 / cant help (to) do 无法帮忙做 eg.Hearing the funny story, he couldnt help laughing. Sorry, I cant help (to) clean the house.28. sudden eg.His sudden lo
19、ok of fear made it clear that he had something to do with the matter. all of a sudden = suddenly29. make ( great/ much/ little/ no ) progress in sth. in progress30. treatment treat v.1) 对待,处理eg. treat the matter seriously 严肃对待这件事 treat his words as a joke 把他的话当开玩笑2) 治疗 eg. She was treated for heart
20、attack.她因为心脏病接受治疗.3) 用款待某人,使某人享受 treat sb./ oneself to sth.eg. He treated himself to a nice holiday. 他给自己放了一个大假. He treated every child to an ice-cream. 他请每个孩子吃冰淇淋.31. accept 接受, 强调主观愿望/ receive 收到, 强调客观事实 eg. He received an invitation but he didnt accept it.他收到一张请贴,但是没接受.32. display n. v. on displa
21、y = be displayed 大卫捐赠给学校的油画正在学校会堂展览.The paintings David donted to the school are being displayed / on display in the schook assembly.33. whisper in whisper = in a low voice 悄声说34. chance （2） 机会 have the / no chance to do sth. / of doing sth.（3） 可能性 = possibility（4） Is there any possibility of / What
22、 are the chances of getting tickets for the show? 有可能得到演出的票吗?（5） There is / sb. have some chance /a good chance / no chance / not much chance of / that某事有可能/ 有很大的可能/ 没有可能/ 可能性不大 eg. There some chance that he will win.He has some chance of winning.他有赢的可能性.（6） Chances are (= Its likely that ) 有可能Chanc
23、es are ( that ) she has already known the news.36. likely （7） the likely winner （8） sb./ sth. be likely to do = Its likely that 有可能eg. She is likely to win = Its likely that she will win. possibe as as possible if possible 如果可能（9） possible answers（10） Its possible ( for sb. ) to do sth. （11） Its pos
24、sible that37. wound 由刀,剑,枪等造成受伤 injure ( injury )由于在事故中或由除刀,剑,枪外的其他物品所造成的受伤 hurt 受伤程度较轻,有时指对人情感造成的伤害38. distance distant eg. Its a long / short distance from here.离这儿远/近（12） keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持距离（13） in the distance 在远处39. jewellery ( u ) a piece of jewellery 一件珠宝 jewel ( c ) 广袤的草原上,湖泊星罗棋布,
25、像一颗颗珠宝. Lakes , surrounded by vast grasslands , look like jewels.40. avoid sth. / doing sth. 避免 avoid ( driving in ) the center of the town 避免(开车)走市中心41. panic ( panicked , panicked ) n. v. be in a panic (about sth.) (对.) 惊慌失措 The gunfire panicked the horse. 枪声使马受惊了.42. stick ( stuck, stuck ) stick
26、to sth. 坚持某种观点,理论,原则,路线,方针等 insist on doing sth.坚持做某事或某个要求 Stick to what you think is right , no matter what others say.走自己的路,让别人说吧. 最近,他不好好做家庭作业,却把时间浪费在看DVD和听外国音乐上.Recently, he has been refusing to do his homework and instead insists on wasting his time watching DVDs and listening to foreign music.
27、M3U1 The world of our senses学案Grammar and usage第一部分：重点讲解名词性从句和名词一样，在句中可以担任主语、表语、宾语（动词宾语和介词宾语）和同位语。因此我们说名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句必须用陈述句语序,也就是说, (疑问词) + 主语 + 谓语 + 其它.主语从句在复合句中作主语的句子称为主语从句, 从句作主语, 谓语动词用单数；通常由从属连词that, whether, 连接代词who, whose, what, which, whatever（无论什么）, whoever（无论谁）, whichever
28、（无论哪个）或连接副词when, where, why, how等引导。eg.1)* Whether we can reduce the use of energy is important. 2)* That pollution has become a serious problem in parts of the world is known to everyone.3) What is needed is greater safety.4) Whoever breaks the rules must be punished.5)* How life began remains a pu
29、zzle to us.6) It is said that paper was first made in China.7) It seems that he is older.8) Its certain that the sports meeting will be delayed.9) It doesnt matter if you have no time to do it.注意：1. 陈述句必须以that 引导, 不能省略。2. 主语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if引导。3. 常用it作形式主语，代替真正的主语从句，但不能代替由what引导的主语从句。4. 常用于It + b
30、e + adj. / n. / + that-clauseIts certain / clear / a pity /a fact/ common knowledge/ said / hoped + that / whetherIts natural/ strange/ necessary/ important that (should) 5.It doesnt matter if 是固定句型。6. 句型：It is required/ suggested/ insisted/ ordered that(should)+ do7.that 与what的区别：that在从句中不充当任何成分，没有
31、意思；what在从句中充当主语或宾语，意思是：（所）的 Practice:他被选中了使我们很开心。她是否有时间来还是个问题。谁将被派去那儿还没有定下来。我们所需要的是更多的时间。他去了哪儿没人知道。宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用的从属句称为宾语从句。1. 作动词的宾语(1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如：I heard that be joined the army. She suggested ( that ) he do it at once.(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：1) She did not know what h
32、ad happened.2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.(3) 动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation.2. 作介词的宾语 Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. It depends on whether we will go.3. 作形容词的宾语例如：I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.that 引导
33、的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。4. It 可以作为形式宾语It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：We hear
34、d it that she would get married next month. We think it possible that the price will rise.注意：1. 关系词that常可以省略;2. 介词宾语用whether, 不用if;3. find / make / see / hear / feel / think + it + adj. / n. + that 句型中, it 作形式宾语, that引导真正的宾语从句, 不能省;4. 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess,
35、imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 I dont think (that) the film is interesting. I dont think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。5. be sure / certain / glad / afraid / sorry / pleased + that 句型中, that 可以省;6. what is / was the matter /wrong with sb作宾语从句, 不改变语序; Who knows what is the
36、 matter / wrong with him?7. 有两个或两个以上宾语从句时, 第二个和第二个以后的从句必须用that引导. She said she was pleased at her victory and that she would work harder.第二部分：练习I. 单项选择1. I dont know the reason _ you were absent from the meeting, but I am sure that someone will tell me the reason _ you havent told me.A. why; thatB.
37、that; whyC. because; whichD. of which; that2. He knew the files could be of help to _ took over the job.A. whoeverB. whateverC. whomeverD. whosever3. _China got the second place in the 2004 Olympic Games made the whole nation very excited.A. WheneverB. WhetherC. IfD. That4. An idea occurred to me _
38、I might turn to my English teacher for help. A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when5. _ was of little importance.A. Whether he passed the examination or notB. No matter he might pass the examinationC. He might pass the examinationD. If he passed the examination6. The thick smog covered the whole city. It wa
39、s _ a great black blanket had been thrown over it.A. thatB. becauseC. as ifD. even if7. Word came from Mr. Smith _ he could arrive on the following Saturday.A. about whichB. thatC. whetherD. of which8. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _ you had a few days off? (NMET 99)A. why B
40、. when C. what D. where9. _ was known to them that Bob had broken his promise _ he would give them a rise.A. What; whatB. It; whichC. As; thatD. It; that10. Actually, girls can be _ they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a general manager.A. whereverB. howeverC. what
41、everD. whoever11. Perhaps _ most separates the successful people from others is _ they live on purpose.A. what; thatB. that; what C. that; thatD. what; what12. - Do you know _ Mr. Blacks address is?- He may live at No.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that13. When you answer que
42、stions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants.A. whatB. whichC. whenD. that14. Determination is a kind of quality-and that is _ it takes to do anything well.A. thatB. whichC. whyD. what15. After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was
43、 the place they had been dreaming.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what16. There is no doubt _ China is always trying to keep world peace and fight against any war.A. thatB. whetherC. ifD. when17. These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.A. whateverB. thatC. whichD. whichever1
44、8. I have made it clear _ Ill never go back there.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. however19. A story goes _ Mr. Smith liked nothing more than being surrounded by children in the garden.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. that20. Later they discovered _ was news to him, that Pamela was the headmasters daughter.A. that
45、B. whichC. whatD. who21. You can get _ you want.A. no matter whatB. what everC. thatD. whatever22. The English-Chinese dictionary will be given to _ wins the first prize.A. whoB. whomeverC. whoeverD. which23. I was surprised to know the fact _ he had always cheated in exams,A. thatB. whichC. /D. wha
46、t24. _ we cant get always seems better than _ we have.A. What; whatB. What; thatC. That; thatD. That; what25. Its said _ has been translated into French.A. thatB. whichC. that; thatD. that; which26. _ in ancient times still remains a mystery.A. How were the pyramids builtB. How the pyramids were bui
47、ltC. Where the pyramids were builtD. Where were the pyramids built27. - _ helps others will be helped.- So I will be thankful to and try to help _ has helped us.A. Whoever; whomeverB. Whoever; whoeverC. Who; whoeverD. Who; whomever28. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. (NMET 98)A. it
48、B. that C. these D. them29. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. (NMET 2001)A. how B. after C. what D. when30. Weve heard the news _ well move into the new house.A. whatB. whichC. whyD. thatII. 用适当连词填空1. _ he is ready to help others is well-known. 2. _ he will attend the meeting is
49、 not decided.3. _ team will win the match is still unknown.4. _ we need is your help.5. _ he became a famous musician is known to all.6. Its a pity _ she has made such a mistake.7. That is _ I didnt attend the meeting.8. _ breaks the rule, he must be punished.9. The possibility _ the majority of the
50、 labor force will work at home is often discussed.10. I have no idea _ he will be back.11. _ I am most interested in is American movies.12. _ he says is of no importance.13. _ he will come is certain.14. _ he is often late for class is more than I can tell.15. _ is going to attend the important meet
51、ing has not been decided by the manager.16. It is possible _ they will complete the building in three months. 17. The news _ a professor from USA will visit our school spreads all over the campus.18. It depends on _ he is ready or not.19. You should make a decision _ you will go or stay.20. The idea
52、 _ we can master a foreign language in a short time is totally wrong.第三部分：练习答案I. 单项选择1-5 AADBA 6-10 CBADC 11-15 ACADD 16-20 AABDC21-25 DCAAC 26-30 BBACDII. 用适当连词填空1. That 2. Whether 3. Which 4. What 5. That 6. that 7. why 8. Whoever 9. that 10. when 11. What 12. What 13. That 14. Why 15. Who 16. that 17. that 18. whether 19. whether 20. that
