1、语法专项复习-定语从句常见考点1.介词+关系代词 2.Whose 用法及转换形式3.as与which的区别4.关系副词与关系代词的比较5.定语从句中的主谓一致问题考点一:介词+关系代词 提醒:介词关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键是判断介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词与介词习惯搭配e.g.：1. In the dark street，there wasnt a person to whom she could turn for helpAsk: Why do we choose to instead of other preps.?考点演练 用“介词+关系代词”填空1).Have you fou
2、nd the book _ I paid 29 dollars? 2) Have you found the book _ I spent 29 dollars?3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4) Have you found the book _ she often talks?方法二:根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配1. 这就是我们上课的教室。key: This is the classroom we are having a class. 2考点演练 用“介词关系代词”填空1) I will never forget th
3、e day _ I joined the army.2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3) I will never forget the year _ my son went to college.4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, _most people had had supper.高考链接1. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ the
4、y are being trained. （2007江西）A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which2. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction_ she had come. （2006重庆） A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which3. Many people who had seen the
5、 film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger. （2007广东） A. in which B. by which C. which D. that4.I have many friends , _ some are businessmen . （2008全国卷I）A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom考点二 Whose 用法及转换形式1. whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名
6、词短语。那位就是作品极受欢迎的孩子。 2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。 封面是绿色的那本书在你的书包里。3. whose的先行词指物或人时, 可用of which/whom代替, 但词序不同，即whose+名词 = the +n + of which/whom=of which /whom+ the + n.e.g.：He lives in the room whose window faces south.（change the sentence with the +n + of which and of which + the + n.）keys;1). Th
7、ats the child whose works are very popular.2) The book whose cover is green is in your bag.3). He lives in the room, the window of which faces south. =He lives in the room, of which the window faces south.考点演练There are 20 students in this class. Their backgrounds are different.（用whose+名词，the +n +of
8、whom ，of whom+ the + n.合并为一句）高考链接1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_ effects the people are still suffering. （07天津卷） A. that B. whose C. those D. what2.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D.
9、 the price of whose3. George Orwell, _ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (04北京) A. the real name B. what his real nameC. his real name D. whose real name 考点三：as与which引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，其区别如下：1.as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which 引导的从句不可以。e.g. As is often the case, he was late for
10、 class.=He came late for class today, which/as is often the case.午饭后他通常休息一会儿，是他的习惯。2.从意义上讲，as 指代的是作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西，因此常译成“就象那样、正如所的” , 常与be known，be said，be reported等连用；而which没有这层意思，且从句一般用主动形式。As is known to all, the earth is round.She didnt pass the exam, which made her parents very angry.众所周知，爱迪生发明电
11、灯。星期天还得上班，她不喜欢。3.which 的先行词既可以是整个句子，也可以是单个名词，但as 的先行词多为整个句子。e.g. The meeting, which was held in the park, was a success.The meeting was a success, as was expected.那本书，鲁迅所著，已经被翻译成英语了。4. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。e.g. Such books as you recommend are interesting. I bought the same book as you.作文中，你所犯的错误
12、非常滑稽。我们做与他们做一样的工作。5.若从句的内容与主句的内容一致时，用as; 反之，用which.She was married again, as was expected.She was married again, which was unexpected.他被选为班长，是公平的。他被选为班长，是不公平的。考点演练1. _ has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What That D. As2. Such signs _ we use in the experiment _Greek lett
13、ers. A. as, are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is3. This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C. the one D. A&B )比较：.the same pen as I lost. . the same pen that I lost.the same pen as I lost. 表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像,不一定就是. the same pen that I lost. 则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支 .高考链接1. The owner of the cinema
14、needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. A. who B. that C. as D. which2._ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What3 .Jim passed the driving test
15、, _ surprised everybody in the office. Awhich Bthat Cthis Dit 4. _ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. AWhen BAfter CAs DSince 考点四:关系代词和关系副词的比较高考点击：1、Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago? A. where B. when C. that D. what 2、Th
16、ere were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. thatAsk: 1). Why do we choose that instead of where?Here in this sentence, visit is a vt. Verb. It should follow an object. So we choose a relative pron.2) Look at No.2.Why do we choose where instead of that
17、? It means she had wiped her hands on her trousers. There is no prep. on. So we have to choose a relative adverb. Here where can be replaced by on which. So where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。This is the house where I lived two years ago. （用介词+ 关系代词替换where） in which when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（w
18、hich）”。Ill never forget the day when I joined the league. （用介词+ 关系代词替换when） on which why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+ 关系代词（which）”。Do you know the reason why she was late?( 用介词+ 关系代词替换why) for which 考点演练1. This is the factory _we visited last year.2. Is this the factory_ color TV sets are produced?3.Is thi
19、s factory _we visited last year? A .where B. in which C. the one D. that E. which F. the one that G. /Ask: Whats the difference between No.2 and No.3? -The subjects are not the same. 4. I will never forget the day _I joined the League.5. September 18, 1913 is the day _ well never forget. A. that B.
20、which C. when D. on which E. in which F. / 6.The reason he rejected our plan is that he had no faith in us.7.Do you think the reason he gave is believable?A .that B. which C. why D. for which E. to which F./Keys:1) D /E /G 2). A/ B 3). C / F 4).C/D 5). A/B/F 6). C/D 7). A/B/F 高考链接：1. Is that the sma
21、ll town you often refer to? Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for years.。 Athat Bwhich Cwhere Dwhat2.Is this the reason _at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained4.We are living in an age many things are
22、done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when 考点五:定语从句中主谓一致问题 定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。 问题：1.I am not one who _afraid of difficulty2.Dont choose me, who _not fit for this jobKeys: 1).is 2) am考点演练1. This is one of the best books _. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written
23、 C. that has written D. that have written2. She is not the only one of the girls _ well in class. A. which sings B. who sing C. who sings D. who to sing强化训练1. Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、where B .that C.of whom D.which2. I，_ your good friend, will try my best to
24、help you out.A. who is B .what is C.what am D. who am 3. _ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer. A. That B. Which C. As D. It比较以下句型：It is known to the world that-从句 .为世人所知What is known to the world is that-从句 世人所知晓的是As is known to the world, Mark正如世人所知 4. The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、who B、whose C、of whom D、which5.Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.A、who B、who want C、who wants D、what
