1、Period Three 交际导航 口语积累运用 语法专题 过去分词作定语和表语 写作专题 英文劝说信 栏目索引 语法精析 语法专题 一、过去分词作定语 1.The recovered animals will be released soon.痊愈的动物将很快被释放。2.Paper cuts used for religious purpose are often found in temples.用于宗教目的的剪纸经常在寺院中被发现。过去分词作定语和表语 观察体验 3.They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.他们正在清扫院子里的落叶。
2、4.Withthegovernmentsaid，thoseaffectedbytheearthquake have moved to the new settlements.在政府的帮助下，那些受到地震影响的人已经搬到了新的定居点。5.The student dressed in white is my daughter.The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我女儿。1.单个的过去分词作定语时，一般放在被修饰词语之前，也可以放在所修饰词语的后面。过去分词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定
3、语从句。2.不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。如：fallen leaves落叶；retired workers退休工人；the risen sun升起的太阳。即时归纳 3.如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/nothing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those或these等时，即使是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如：There is nothing changed here since I left this town.自从我离开这座城镇这里没有任何变化。4.过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于
4、一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。如：Some of them，born and brought up in rural villages，had neverseen a train.他们中的一些人，出生并且成长在农村，从来没见过火车。现在分词和过去分词都可以作定语修饰名词，它们的区别主要表现在语态和时间关系上。首先，在语态上不同：现在分词表示主动的意思，而过去分词多表示被动的意思。请比较：1.surprising news 使人吃惊的消息 surprised listeners 吃惊的听众 2.an exciting movie 令人激动的电影 excited children 激动的孩
5、子 疑难辨析 其次，时间关系上不同：一般来说，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行，而过去分词所表示的动作往往已经完成。请比较：1.the changing world 正在发生变化的世界 the changed world 已经变化了的世界 2.boiling water 正在开的水 boiled water 已经煮开过的水(可能是凉开水)3.developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 即时跟踪1 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.This is the statue of a brave soldier(seat)on a horse，wi
6、th a gun on his back.2.Professor Jordan gave us a more(confuse)lecturethisafternoon and most of us were confused.3.He is enthusiastically talking with a man(call)apopular singer.4.Some of the people(invite)to the party cantcome.5.The trees(blow)down in the storm have been moved offthe road.答案 seated
7、confusingcalledinvitedblown二、过去分词作表语 观察体验 1.The street is lined with small shops.路旁是一排小商店。2.Tom was astonished to see his father.汤姆看到他的父亲很惊讶。3.You seem frightened.看样子你受了惊吓。4.They are gone for vacation.他们去度假了。即时归纳 作表语的过去分词主要来自及物动词，在主系表句型中，说明主语所处的一种状态。少数不及物动词(如go，come，set)的过去分词也能作表语，但它们不表示被动意义，只是表示动作完
8、成。疑难辨析 1.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的状态和特征，而被动语态则表示动作。如：The library is now closed.图书馆现在关着。(状态)The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.杯子昨天被我的小妹妹打破了。(动作)2.过去分词作表语与动词-ing形式作表语的区别：过去分词作表语表示被动或完成；动词-ing形式作表语表示主动或进行。如：She was embarrassed because she didnt know the answer.她很尴尬因为她不知道答案。Todays
9、meeting was boring.今天的会很无聊。3.有些动词如interest，worry，surprise，frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来说明人的情况；用动词-ing形式来说明物的情况。如：The book is interesting and Im interested in it.这本书非常有趣，我对它非常感兴趣。即时跟踪2 用所给词的正确形式填空 1.I was too(tire)to walk any further.2.In the evening he is(bury)in his books.3.Both he and I are(satisfy)with th
10、e result.4.He was(discourage)frommakinganotherattempt.5.Tom was more(surprise)than(disappoint)at this news.答案 tiredburiedsatisfieddiscouragedsurpriseddisappointed.用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.A study of travelers(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations inthe world.(2015全国)
11、2.The adobe dwellings(土坯房)(build)by the Pueblo Indiansof the American Southwest are admired by even the most modernof architects and engineers.(2015全国)3.While there are(amaze)stories of instant transformation，for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effortand work，like cleaning up
12、 a polluted river.(2014新课标全国)答案 conductedbuiltamazing 高考链接 4.Theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecameras(return)to our shop for quality problems.(2014重庆)5.While waiting for the opportunity to get(promote)，Henry did his best to perform his duty.(2014安徽)6.For those with family members far away，the pe
13、rsonalcomputer and the phone are important in staying(connect).(2014福建)7.The witnesses(question)by the police just nowgave very different descriptions of the fight.(2013陕西)8.In some languages,100 words make up half of all words(use)in daily conversations.(2013天津）答案 returnedpromotedconnectedquestione
14、dused.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Iamawfullytiring，butIknowIllneverfallasleep.(2013浙江，短文改错)2.Gradually，I became interesting in biology and chose to learnbiology when I entered into the college.(2012重庆，短文改错)3.I also shared with my friends many photos taking inBeijing.(2012陕西，短文改错)答案 tiringtiredinterestingintere
15、sted takingtaken4.Therefore，I told them interested stories and how I wasenjoying Brazil.(2012浙江，短文改错)5.Third，we should find ways to reuse the water using inwashing，especially bath water.(2012全国，短文改错)6.“Im pleasing to hear it，”said the boss.(2011四川，短文改错)答案 interestedinterestingusingusedpleasingplease
16、d返回 Talking about scientific jobs&Describing people 1.Questions to talk about scientific jobs：(1)What kind of scientific job do you want to do?(2)What personality will be needed?(3)What work experience would be useful?(4)What education will you need?(5)How long will the training take?(6)How will you
17、 prepare for this career?交际导航 口语积累运用 2.Answers to talk about scientific jobs：(1)I always wanted to.because.(2)The experience I will need is.(3)I need to practise.(4)I think Im good at.so.(5)I will need some training in.(6)I might find it difficult to.(7)My greatest problem will be to.3.Describing pe
18、ople：(1)I will need to be/become.(2)patient，creative，hardworking，cooperative，confident，brave，positive，pleasant，polite，determined，energetic，strict with，.即时跟踪 1.Ibecause a doctor can savemany patients life.我一直想成为一名医生，因为医生可以拯救很多病人的生命。2.I will needpsychological education.我需要一些在心理教育方面的培训。3.Mywill be a la
19、ck of confidence.我最大的问题是缺乏自信。答案 always wanted to be a doctorsome training ingreatest problem4.I mightto find the cause of the disease.我发现找到病因很难。5.Why are youthis job?你为什么对这份工作这么感兴趣？答案 find it difficultso interested in返回 文体指导劝说性的书信写作目的是向某个组织或个人提出劝说性的建议的一种应用文体。劝说信的基本结构和内容：首先点明写信的目的是提劝说性的建议，随后给出充足的理由劝说
20、对方接受你的建议。提出的理由和建议要合情合理，用词要恰当，既要委婉礼貌，又要有说服力。最后再一次提出希望，礼貌结束全文。写作专题 基础点拨 英语劝说信 写作中要注意下列几点：1.话题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水；2.观点必须鲜明，不能模棱两可；3.论据要条理清楚，语言应准确、精炼；4.主体时态多用一般现在时；5.尽量避免同一单词、句型的重复使用，多采用同义词、相似结构以使表达多样化。亮点句式 1.I am writing to express my views concerning.2.I dont think it is a very good way to.For example，.Wo
21、rst ofall，.3.In my opinion，it is wrong to.4.As far as I am concerned，we should.5.Themaindisadvantagesof.areasfollows.First.Second.Third.Finally.6.I would very much like to advise you to.写作任务 假设你是李萍，你的笔友王强最近沉迷于电脑游戏而不能自拔，严重影响了学习和身心健康。请你给他写一封信劝说他戒掉这一不良习惯，并对他的学习生活给出自己的建议。词数100左右。佳作构建 答案 审题谋篇 第一步 明确要求 该写
22、作属于应用文类的书信，故要用人称来写；信的主题内容是，故用一般将来时，同时兼顾书信的特点，会用到表达愿望的情态动词。第二步 确定段落 Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 第一 劝说王强戒掉网瘾 作者首先要陈述自己的担忧。指出沉迷于电脑游戏的危害。表达作者的希望并提出建议。答案 第三步 词汇热身 1.上瘾 2.首先 3.另外 4.暴力 5.摆脱 6.开阔眼界 7.对有害 be addicted toto begin with/first/first of allin addition/whats more/besidesviolencebreak away fromexpand/broad
23、en/widen ones horizonsdo harm to/be harmful to答案 第四步 句式升级 1.虽然人们普遍认为电脑游戏有趣而且能激发我们的想象力，但如果不加以节制，他们会在许多方面对你造成危害。(一般表达)Many people believe that computer games areinteresting and can inspire our imagination，but if you playthem freely/uncontrolled，they will do harm to you in manyways.(句式升级)Althoughcomput
24、ergames are interesting and can inspire our imagination，yet ifyouthem，they willyou in many ways.its generally believed thatabusebe harmful to答案 2.首先，你应该把时间用在学习或一些有益的事情上，而不应该浪费在游戏上。(一般表达)First，you should spend your time on your study orother useful things and you shouldnt waste it on computergames.(句
25、式升级)，computer games will waste toomuch valuable timeshould be spent on your study orotherthings.To begin withwhichbeneficial答案 3.更糟糕的是，一些游戏充满暴力，这对你的心理健康会造成危害。(一般句式)The worst thing is that there is much violence in thegames and it will be bad for your mental health.(句式升级)，some games full of violence
26、will beharmful to your mental health.Worse still答案 4.为了有意义的生活，你可以多锻炼以强身健体，也可多读些好书或参加一些社会活动来开阔你的眼界。(一般表达)In order to live a meaningful life，you can takemore exercise to build you up，read more good books orparticipate in some social activities to broaden your horizons.(句式升级)In order to live a meaningf
27、ul life，you can broadenyour horizonsmore good books orsome social activities as well as build you upmoreexercise.by readingparticipating inby taking连句成篇Dear Wang Qiang，I felt worried when I heard that you are addicted tocomputergames.Althoughitsgenerallybelievedthatcomputergamesareinterestingandcani
28、nspireourimagination，yet if you abuse them，they will be harmful toyou in many ways.To begin with，they will waste too much valuable timewhich should be spent on your study or other beneficialthings.In addition，playing games for a long time will do harmto your health，especially to your eyes.Worse stil
29、l，somegames are full of violence，which will be harmful to yourmental health.Therefore，I strongly hope that you can break away fromthem.The earlier，the better.In order to live a meaningful life，you can broaden your horizons by reading more good books orparticipating in some social activities as well as build you up bytaking more exercise.Looking forward to your good news.Yours，Li Ping 返回 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：
