1、1n 奇遇，冒险的经历2n.住所，住处3vt.冒之险4n.量，数量5adj.疲惫的6vt.运转，起作用adventureaccommodationriskquantityexhaustedfunction7vt.观察，观测8n.边界，限度9adj.较重要的，较严重的n大多数10n.团体，组织，机构vt.组织11adj.极度的，极端的adv.极其地，极端地12adj.不舒服的，不自在的adj.舒服的n&v安慰observe limitmajormajorityorganisationorganiseextremeextremelyuncomfortablecomfortablecomfort13
2、n.配备，设备v装备，配备14n旅行者，旅客vi.旅行15n陈述n状态，国家vt.陈述16n志向，抱负adj.有进取心的，雄心勃勃的17n不利，不利条件n有利条件，长处18n相似性，类似性adj.相似的equipmentequiptravellertravelstatementstateambitionambitiousdisadvantageadvantagesimilaritysimilar19vi.不同于，有区别于n不同之处 adj.不同的20adj.忧虑的，担心的n忧虑，担心21adj.不同的，各种各样的n品种，种类，变化22n较喜欢的东西，偏爱v喜欢differdifferenced
3、ifferentanxiousanxietyvarious varietypreferenceprefer23vt.使惊愕adj.惊愕的，吃惊的adj.令人惊异的n吃惊，惊愕24vt.使困惑adj.困惑的adj.令 人困惑的n混乱；困惑25n准备，预备vt.准备，预备26n耐心，忍耐力adj.耐心的 n病人amazeamazingamazementconfuseconfusedconfusingconfusionpreparationpreparepatiencepatientamazed1 起飞2为了(某一目的)3颠倒地，倒置地4出现，到场5决定不履行(允诺的事)6使理解(某事)7轮流tak
4、e offin order toupside downturn upback out get acrossin turn8(坏事)突然发生，爆发9关进监狱10坚持(某种)说法11在途中12损坏，不能运转13用完，耗尽14继续做某事break out put into prison stand byon ones waybreak downrun out of carry on1Although people enjoyed reading his book,many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantast
5、ic to be true.虽然人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可写的关于中国的东西太离奇而不可信。解读：too.to.太而不能仿写：当听到女足在2011年世界大学生运动中获胜的消息时，我太激动而无法控制泪水。At the news of our women football teams victory in the 2011 Universiade I was _ my tears.答案：too excited to hold back2Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.接下来极地冬日的全部黑暗时期到来了。解读：Then came
6、.为全部倒装结构仿写：下一首是“快乐女声”洪辰的歌曲。_ the song of the happy girl,Hong Chen.答案：Then followed3The next to go was Captain Oates,who was having great difficulty walking.接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走有很大的困难。解读：have difficulty(in)doing sth.在方面有困难仿写：我记住他的电话号码有很大困难。I _ his telephone numbers.答案：have great difficulty in remembering1
7、differ vi.不同于，有区别(1)differ from.与不同differ in.在方面不同differ with sb.与某人意见不同(2)different adj.不同的，有差异的be different from.不同于(3)difference n.差异，差别make a/no difference 有/无影响tell the difference between A and B指出A与B的不同教材P23原句 How do the tourists differ from local people?旅游者与当地居民有什么不同呢？As a matter of fact,they
8、 demand all the concentration and study that math and science do,though the study differs slightly in kind.(摘自2010湖北高考阅读理解D)事实上，尽管学习的方法稍有不同，它们和数学、科学一样也需要关注和学习。Young hoatzinstheir parents in that they have claw on the wings.小麝雉与它们的父母不同之处在于它们的爪子长在了翅膀上。Its through commitment and sweat that can make a d
9、ifference within myself inside and out.(摘自2011四川高考阅读理解A)正是我的付出和汗水才使自己得到了蜕变。are different from2anxious adj.忧虑的；担心的；渴望的(1)be anxious about sth.对担忧/心be anxious for sb.为某人担心be anxious for sth.渴望得到某物be anxious(for sb.)to do 渴望(某人)做某事(2)anxiety n.忧虑，担心with anxiety 焦虑地教材P23原句 From that moment they started
10、to feel anxious and they slept badly that night.从那时起他们开始感到焦虑，那晚也没有睡好。Helentravelling on her own.海伦对自己一个人出门旅行感到担心。is anxious aboutFootball fans are anxiousthe 2014 World Cup to be held in Brazil.球迷们渴望观看即将在巴西举行的2014世界杯。Watching him climb up the pole,his mother was breathless with anxiety.看着他往杆子上爬，母亲为他
11、捏了一把汗。to watch3risk vt.冒的危险n.冒险；危险；风险(1)risk(doing)sth.冒的危险risk ones life 冒生命危险(2)at the risk of 冒着的风险take/run the risk of doing sth.冒着的风险做某事take/run a risk/risks 冒险at risk 处境危险；遭受危险at all risks/at any risk 无论冒什么风险，无论如何教材P24原句 What makes people risk their lives to do them?是什么使人们冒着生命危险去做这些事呢？He got w
12、ellprepared for the job interview,for he couldnt risk losing the good opportunity.他为面试作了充分的准备，因为他不想冒险失去这次好机会。We dont want to run the risk of losing their business.我们不想冒险失去他们的生意。We must stop the rumours;the firms reputation is .我们必须制止这些谣言，公司的名誉有受损的危险。at risk4.confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆(1)confuse A with/an
13、d B 将A和B混淆(2)confused adj.困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的feel confused 感到困惑不解be/get confused 被弄糊涂confusing adj.使人迷惑的(3)confusion n.混乱；困惑 Finally,have I included too many unnecessary details that may confuse readers？(摘自2010上海高考完形填空)最后，我是否加了许多不需要的细节而会使读者感到迷惑呢？I alwaysyouyour sister you look so alike.我总是把你和你妹妹搞混你们太像了。con
14、fusewithI am totally confused.Could you explain that again?我完全糊涂了，你能再解释一遍吗？Different Chilean officials have given different dates for the rescue of the miners,causing confusion among the miners relatives.智利不同的官员给出了不同的营救矿工的日期，给矿工的亲戚带来了混乱。5.quantity n数量，量quantities of 大量，许多a large quantity of大量，许多既可修饰
15、可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词in quantity/in large quantities 大量，大批教材P27原句 He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。Saudi Arabias attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves.(摘自2010安徽高考阅读理解E)沙特阿拉伯试图在沙
16、漠地区种植小麦，结果出现了从地下水库中大量抽用灌溉水的现象。Its cheaper to buy goods.大量购物比较便宜。A large quantity of water is wasted in our daily life.在日常生活中，大量的水被浪费了。in quantity6observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝(1)observe sb.do sth./doing sth.观察到某人做了某事/正在做某事be observed to do sth.被看到做了某事observe a rule 遵守规则(2)observation n.观察；遵守under observati
17、on 被观察；被监视教材P30原句 Airconditioned vehicles for observing animals.用于观察动物的带空调的车辆。Everyone should observe the traffic rules.人人都应该遵守交通规则。He was observedher closely.有人看到他紧跟着她。The new breed is.新品种正在观察中。to followunder observation7amaze vt.使惊愕(惊奇)amazed adj.感到吃惊的(1)be amazed at/by sb./sth.对感到吃惊be amazed to s
18、ee/find/learn.惊异地看到/发现/获悉(2)amazing adj.令人惊异的(3)amazement n.惊愕；惊诧in amazement 惊愕地to ones amazement 令某人大为惊奇的是教材P26原句 Marco,in turn,was amazed by how beautiful and powerful China was.马可也相应地被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。His fathers rich knowledge amazes me.他父亲丰富的知识令我吃惊。Visitors are often amazedhow little the town has c
19、hanged.旅游者经常会惊讶地发现这个小城几乎没有什么变化。He looked at me.他惊愕地看着我。to discoverin amazement答案：patience;patients;patient.语境填词1Dont lose _ with _！As a nurse，you should be _ with them all the time.(patient)2What _me was Liu Qians _performance which made all the people present look at him in _.(amaze)答案：amazed;amazi
20、ng;amazement3There were a few _ moments in the basketball game.Therefore,all of us watched with _.(anxious)答案：anxious;anxiety4House prices _ according to the type of room you require,and there is a wide _ of them to choose from.But for _ reasons he bought a small one.(various)答案：vary;variety;various
21、5Our volleyball team will be trained in Ningbo in _ for the big game,so some hotel rooms are being _ for them.(prepare)答案：preparation;prepared.单项填空1The _ look on her face suggested that she _ her managers idea.Aconfusing;wouldnt quite understandBconfused;hadnt quite understoodCconfusing;hadnt quite
22、understoodDconfused;shouldnt quite understand解析：考查形容词词义辨析以及suggest的用法。confused“糊涂的；困惑的”；confusing“难以理解的，不清楚的”，the confused look表示“困惑的表情”，suggest此处表示“表明”，其后需跟陈述语气，只有表示“建议”时其宾语从句中才用should动词原形。答案：B2I want to learn about your holidays.Could you tell me how you usually _ Thanksgiving Day in your country?
23、Acongratulate BremindCremember Dobserve解析：congratulate“祝贺”；remind“提醒”；remember“记住”；observe“庆祝”。由题意可知应用observe。答案：D3Why are you so hurried?My mother will get a bit _ if I dont get back on time.Aashamed BeagerCanxious Dpatient解析：句意：“你为什么如此匆忙？”“如果我不能准时回去，我妈妈会有些担心”。ashamed“惭愧的”；eager“渴望的”；anxious“忧虑的，担心
24、的”；patient“耐心的”。根据题意可知选C。答案：C4They wouldnt allow him _ across the enemy line.Ato risk going Brisking to goCfor risk to go Drisk going解析：allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”；risk doing“冒险做”。答案：A5The Chinese language _ many western languages _ it is uses characters which have meanings and can stand alone as w
25、ords.Adifferent from;in that Bdiffers from;in whichCdiffers from;in that Dis different from;in which解析：句意：汉语和许多西方语言不同，因为它使用的汉字既有自己的意义，又能作为单词独立存在。differ from.“和不同”；in that“因为”。答案：C6_ sunshine and some rainfall promise a good harvest of fruits and vegetables this year.AA large quantity of BLarge quant
26、ities of CA large number of DA good many解析：因sunshine 和rainfall 为不可数名词，故排除C、D项。并且谓语动词为promise，故排除A项。答案：B7Have you been thankful for the preparations she _ for the party?Ahad BmadeCdid Dtook解析：make preparations for 是固定短语，意为“为做准备”，把名词preparations 提前，she made for the party为定语从句，修饰preparations。答案：B8We we
27、re _ by the _ news that an eight yearold child went to college.Aamazed;amazed Bamazed;amazingCamazing;amazing Damazing;amazed解析：amazed指人的情感，表示“(人)感到吃惊的”；amazing表示“令人吃惊的”，多修饰事物。答案：B1take off起飞；脱去(衣服)；突然开始成功As the plane was taking off，I remembered I hadnt turned the iron off.飞机起飞时，我才想起我没有切断熨斗的电源。The n
28、ew dictionary has really.这部新词典极受欢迎。taken offtake back 收回；退回take in 收留；理解；欺骗take on 聘用，雇用；呈现take over 接替，接管，继承take up 从事，占去(时间或空间)Will youthe driving when we reach Shanghai?等我们到达上海后，你来接着开车，好吗？For example,a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in
29、personnel.(摘自2010北京高考阅读理解C)比如，来自美国西南部的一位女士到东部城市去居住且从事一份人力资源的工作。take over2turn up 出现，到场；开大(音量)教材P25原句 When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out,but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.当我第一次跳的时候，我很紧张以致试图放弃，但在朋友们的劝说下，我终于完成了那次蹦极。turn against 背叛；反对，敌视turn away
30、 转过脸；拒绝入内turn down 调小，减小；拒绝turn over 翻转，仔细考虑，移交turn out 制造，培养；结果是 Nothing could make memy country.什么也不能使我背叛我的祖国。The hall was full，and hundreds of fans had to be .大厅里已经挤满了人，数百万名歌迷不得不被拒之门外。Customs officials turned the man over to the police.海关官员把那名男子移交给警方看管。turn againstturned away3.get across使理解(某事)；(
31、使)被接受；横过(马路，河等)教材P25原句 Its difficult to get across how exciting it is!要真正体会到这是多么令人兴奋的事并不容易。get across to(sb.)/get sth.across to(sb.)被传达、理解；把讲清楚get about/around 随意走走，旅行；(消息等)传播；流传get along 前进，继续，进展；相处get away from 逃离；远离；避开get down to 开始认真处理，对待get through 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完 It took a long time tothe way th
32、e system worked.花了很长时间才使工人们明白了这个系统运作的方法。It quicklythat Mary was back in town.玛丽已经回城的消息很快就传开了。Im going to get down to studying English this term.这学期我要认真学英语。get across to the workersgot around4break down损坏，不能运转；身体垮掉；失败；崩溃教材P28原句 First,his two sledges broke down,and then the horses began to have seriou
33、s difficulties with the snow and the cold.先是他的两个雪橇坏了，接着马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。Your plan has.What a pity!你的计划失败了，真遗憾！broken downbreak off (使)折断，突然终止(讲话等)break into 破门而入，强行闯入(后接宾语)；突然开始(哭、唱等)break in 闯入；插话，打断break away from 突然挣脱，摆脱break out (坏事)突然发生，爆发break through 冲破，突破；克服，战胜break up 破碎；解散；结束；(学校)期终放假 We m
34、ayrelations with that country.我们有可能和那个国家断绝关系。Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.科学家认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开始有所突破。break off答案：down.介、副词填空1The new telephone system has broken _.2He tried to get _ his idea in as few words as possible.答案：across3I expect the missing wa
35、tch will turn _ some day.答案：up4She wants to take two days _ from work.答案：off5Please dont run _ all the soap.Leave me some to wash with.答案：out of.单项填空1Time is running out.Wed better hurry up，or well miss the deadline.Dont worry.We have already _ 80%of the job.Agot through Bgot acrossClooked through D
36、passed through解析：考查短语辨析。get through“穿过，完成”，符合题意。get across“被理解”；look through“仔细检查，看穿”；pass through“经历，经过，通过”。答案：A2When Tiangong1 _，people before TV sets cheered with joy.Aturned off Bturned upCturned out Dturned down解析：句意：当“天宫一号”出现时，电视机前的人们发出了欢呼声。turn off“关闭”；turn up“出现，露面，调大”；turn out“结果是”；turn dow
37、n“调小，拒绝”。答案：B3I was telling them about my exciting travels when he _ with a story of his own.Abroke down Bbroke offCbroke in Dbroke out解析：break down“坏掉，使分解，(汽车)抛锚，垮掉”；break off“断开，折断，突然停止”；break out“(战争、灾难等)突然发生”。break in“打断；闯入”，符合句意“我正在给他们讲我令人兴奋的旅行，这时他突然插进来讲他自己的故事”。答案：C4She told me she wanted to _
38、her two oclock appointment in order to take care of her sick husband.Aput down Bcall offCtake off Dhang up解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：她告诉我她想要取消她两点的约会，以便照顾她生病的丈夫。call off(cancel)“取消”，符合句意。put down“平定，镇压”；take off“脱下，起飞”；hang up“挂起；挂断(电话)”。答案：BAlthough people enjoyed reading his book,many of them thought that Marc
39、os stories about China were fantasticbe true.尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。tooto(1)该句中使用了too.to.结构，意为“太而不能 ”，too后面跟形容词(或副词)，但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时，要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。It is too difficult a question for him to work out.这个问题太难了，他不能解决。(2)too.to.句式中，若too后接glad,pleased,happy,eager,anxious,willing,rea
40、dy,easy等表示心情、情绪等的形容词，表示肯定意义，too相当于very。Imbe invited to your birthday party.我非常高兴能被邀请参加你的生日聚会。too happy to(3)如果too前有否定词never或not，(即never/not too.to.)，或者不定式前有not，(即too.not to do.时)，这两种形式均表示肯定意义。They are never too hardworking to finish the work on time.他们是非常勤快的，能按时完成这项工作。(4)cant.too.表示“无论怎样也不过分”。Youto
41、drive.你开车时怎么仔细也不为过。cant be too careful(5)too.to句式可以与not enough.to.或so.that.句式相互转换。He is too young to go to school.He isto go to school.He is so young that he cant go to school.他太小了，不能去上学。not old enough.完成句子1当她看到玛丽那么生气时，她非常吃惊。She was _ surprised _ see how angry Mary was.答案：too;to2她那么细心，不会没注意到它的。She i
42、s _ have noticed it.答案：too careful not to 3他们很难找一个新助手。They _ a new assistant.答案：have great difficulty in finding.单项填空4Travelling in the south,we had difficulty _ ourselves _ by the local people.Amaking;understoodBto make;understandCmaking;understandDto make;understood解析：句意：在南方旅行时，我们发现让当地人懂我们的话有困难。ha
43、ve difficulty in doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。因understand 和ourselves 之间为被动关系，故应用understood这一过去分词作宾语补足语。答案：A5Must I turn off the gas after cooking?Of course.You can never be _ careful with that.Aenough BtooCso Dvery解析：can never be too+adj 表示“无论再怎么也不过分”。答案：B状态或动作动词；定语从句()1(2012南昌模拟)I dont want this kind of cl
44、oth.It _ too thin.How about that kind？It _ well and _ long.Ais felt;is washed;lastedBfeels;is washed;lastedCfeels;washes;lastsDis felt;washes;lasts解析：考查特殊动词的语态。句意：“我不想要这种布料，它摸起来太薄了。”“那种布料怎么样？它耐洗且持久。”第一空，感官类系动词look,sound,smell,taste和feel无被动语态，应该排除A和D项；表示人或事物特征的时候，不及物动词本身或者不及物动词加副词可表被动意义。有这种用法的动词常见的有s
45、ell,wash,last,write,wear等。答案：C2(2012陕西二检)In hot and dull summer afternoons,icy coffee _ a wonderful drink.Aproduces BmakesCremains Dgets解析：考查动词用法。make此处意为“成为，变成”。答案：B3(2012合肥三检)He has made up his mind to _ his dream no matter what difficulties he may run into.Ahug BrealiseCreach Dtouch解析：考查动词辨析。句意：他
46、下定决心，不管会遇到什么困难，都要实现自己的梦想。这里用realise表示“实现(抱负、愿望、目标等)”。答案：B4In China,the peach,as a symbol of long life,_ an ideal birthday present.Apresents BworksCmakes Dgives解析：本题中make意为“演变成(某事物)；结果是”。其他三项意思与句意不符。句意：在中国，象征长寿的桃子已经成为理想的生日礼物。答案：C5(2012衡阳适应性测试)Mr.Duncan raised an unnecessary question _ he then failed
47、to find an answer.Ato which Bfor whichCwith which Dby which解析：考查定语从句。answer to sth.是固定搭配，因此本题应该选 to which。答案：A6(2012合肥三检)He expressed his gratitude to his head teacher,without _ help he wouldnt have made such great progress in his studies.Awhose BhisCwhom Dwhich解析：考查定语从句。句意：他表达了对校长的感激，假如没有校长的帮助，他就不可
48、能在学习上取得如此大的进步。表示“如果没有他的帮助”，用without whose help,whose引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语。答案：A7(2012绵阳三诊)The scientist made several discoveries，_.Awhich we think are importantBwhich we think that is importantCwe think which are importantDwhich we think is important解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这个科学家有了好几个发现，我们认为这些发现都很重要。we think 为插入语；从句的谓语动词应与先行词discoveries一致。答案：A8(2012湘潭五模)Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?Athat BwhichCwhere Dwhat解析：考查定语从句的引导词。句意：附近有没有我可以为自己受伤的手拿一些药的医院呢？先行词是a hospital，关系词在定语从句中充当的是地点状语，故用关系副词where。答案：C
