1、2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第24课时编写说明学生在限时阅读训练中，对一篇文章没有足够的时间来细读，理解的不深不透，但是，可以猜出来不太确定的正确选项，这样的训练叫做“考场式”训练；而在精读课堂上学习一篇文章的时候，从词句到篇章，从细节到主旨，从语言到情怀等方方面面都能够理解的很透彻，这叫做“精读式”训练。目前，在语篇训练中存在的低效问题，主要是因为不少学生为了完成任务而一味地追求速度，无意识地采用了“考场式”的训练方法，而不是为了透彻理解一篇文章去采用“精读式”的训练方法。但是，平时的语篇训练毕竟不是在考场，除了追求速度，更要培养精深理解的习惯和能力。应该将“考场式”和“精读式”两种
2、训练方法结合起来，第一步完成快速阅读，第二步精深理解，在语境中积累基础知识。本系列训练通过导读，突出重点单词、词块以及长难句的训练，旨在培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练有效处理语篇的能力，在阅读训练中积累语言知识，进而提高语篇训练的效果。第一节. 阅读理解 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注出选择答案的依据。Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees use to communicate. They say wild
3、chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a vocabulary” of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.Dr. Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that
4、this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.“Thats whats so amazing about chimp gestures,” she said. “Theyre the only thing tha
5、t looks like human language in that respect.”Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animals call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls a
6、nd gestures, Dr. Hobaiter said.Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: “Climb on me. The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off togeth
7、er. “The big message from this study is that there is another species out there that is meaningful in its communication, so thats not unique to humans.” said Dr. Hobaiter.Dr. Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to en
8、rich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”.“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,
9、” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.1. what do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr. Hobaiter?A. Memorizing specific words. B. Understanding complex information.C. Using voices to
10、 communicate. D. Communicating messages on purpose.2. What did Dr. Shultz think of the study?A. It was well designed but poorly conducted. B. It was a good try but the findings were limited.C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable. D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.3. Wh
11、at does the underlined word “gulf” in the last sentence mean?A. Difference.B. Conflict.C. Balance.D. Connection.4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Chimpanzee behavior study achieved a breakthroughB. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skillsC. Chimpanzees: the smart
12、est species in the animal kingdomD. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：municate _2.specific _3.film _4.intentional _5.deliberately _6.previous _plex _8.signaling _9.meaningful _10.evolutionary _11.praiseworthy _12.vagueness _13.convey _14.non-verbal _二.写出
13、文中划线词组在语境中的含义1.in that respect _2.in one case _3.in seeking _4.go beyond _三 词汇应用1.intentional 请根据句意填写单词的正确形式，以及汉语意思：Women who are the victims of _ discrimination will be able to get compensation. _The advertisements are _ to improve the companys image._He left England with the _ of travelling in Afr
14、ica._The writer clearly _ his readers to identify with the main character. _Many fairy tales have profound meanings, and theyre not _ for children only._2.meaningful 请根据句意填写单词的正确形式，以及汉语意思：Having a child gave new _ to their lives._She believes these talks will be the start of a constructive and _ dia
15、logue. _What she _ is that theres no point in waiting here._Is there any _ of contacting him?_The seeds were not _ for human consumption._3.evolutionary 请根据句意填写单词的正确含义：Thats whats meant by evolutionary potential._In politics Britain has preferred evolution to revolution_Competition among species is
16、of considerable evolutionary importance._四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1.Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.分析：_翻译：_2.Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can unders
17、tand complex information from another animals call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages.分析：_翻译：_3.The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate or we are still missing a lot of the information containe
18、d in their gestures and actions.分析：_翻译：_第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be the easy subject at school, insign
19、ificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort?Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, may
20、be even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People dont just want material things anymore, they want to experience life一the arts are a perfect crossover（交迭）between culture and c
21、ommerce.Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of eve
22、nts significant to a nations experience.The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with t
23、he arts is linked to a higher level of peoples wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.Children who are involved with the arts make greater achieveme
24、nts in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essentia
25、l for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for
26、 art is a part of what makes us human.1. Art products differ from most other commercial products because .A. most people purchase them for collectionB. they are more expensive and less accessibleC. they have both commercial and cultural valuesD. their prices may climb up as time passes2. By sharing
27、their arts experiences, community members can .A. keep the community safe from illnessesB. develop a stronger tie between themC. learn to appreciate their own works of artD. offer honourable solutions to their problems3. What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities?A. They
28、enjoy better living conditions.B. They like to compare themselves with others.C. They are particularly good at both music and art.D. They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.4. How does kids engagement with the arts benefit them?A. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth
29、.B. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.C. It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.D. It helps to make responsible people out of them.5. What is the best title for this passage?A. How Art Cures Our HeartsB. Art: A Blessing to HumankindC. How Art Be
30、nefits CommunitiesD. Art: A Bridge Between Cultures词汇与句型积累：_2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第24课时参考答案第一节 语篇解析：本文主要介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群，翻译出了黑猩猩用来交流的手势含义。1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.（她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流
31、系统，他们故意向其他成员发送信息）”可知，根据Dr. Hobaiter，黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于故意传递信息，故选D。2.推理判断题。根据第六段中的 “Dr. Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were“a littl
32、e disappointing”（曼彻斯特大学的进化生物学家苏珊娜舒尔茨博士说，这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们对人类语言进化的知识。但是，她补充说，结果“有点令人失望”）”可知，这项研究是一个好的尝试，但是发现的结果是有限的。故选B。3.词义猜测题。首先根据第三段中的“Theyre the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.（在这方面，它们是唯一看起来像人类语言的东西）”可知，黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言的交流方式。但是根据最后一段中的“Moreover, the meanings seem to no
33、t go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communications.（此外，这些含义似乎并不超越其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的信息）”可知，黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So, it seems the gulf remains.（所以，看来差异依然存在）”，故gulf的意思是difference，故选A。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanz
34、ees use to communicate.（研究人员表示，他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义）”以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果，所以D项：黑猩猩语言：翻译出来的交流手势，这一题目涵盖文章的内容。故选D。第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：municate v. 沟通2.specific adj. 明确的；独特的3.film v. 拍摄（电影）4.intentional adj. 有意的，故意的5.deliberately adv. 有意地；从容地6.previous adj. 先前的；以前的plex adj. 复杂的8
35、.signaling n. 打信号，发信号9.meaningful adj. 意味深长的；有意义的10.evolutionary adj. 进化的，发展的11.praiseworthy adj. 值得表扬的12.vagueness n. 暧昧，含糊13.convey v. 表达；传送14.non-verbal adj. 非言语交际的二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1.in that respect 在这方面, 在那方面2.in one case 有一次3.in seeking 在寻求4.go beyond 超出， 超载三 词汇应用1.intentional 请根据句意填写单词的正确形式，以及
36、汉语意思：Women who are the victims of intentional discrimination will be able to get compensation. 故意的The advertisements are intended to improve the companys image.打算做He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa.打算；计划The writer clearly intends his readers to identify with the main characte
37、r. 想要Many fairy tales have profound meanings, and theyre not intended for children only.用来；目的在于2.meaningful 请根据句意填写单词的正确形式，以及汉语意思：Having a child gave new meaning to their lives.（人生的）意义，价值，目标She believes these talks will be the start of a constructive and meaningful dialogue. 重要的What she means is tha
38、t theres no point in waiting here.意思是；本意是Is there any means of contacting him?方式；方法；途径The seeds were not meant for human consumption.为而做的3.evolutionary 请根据句意填写单词的正确含义：Thats whats meant by evolutionary potential.这就是进化潜力的含义。In politics Britain has preferred evolution to revolution演变；渐进Competition amon
39、g species is of considerable evolutionary importance.进化的四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1.分析：插入语she said,把主谓部分分开；关系副词where连接定语从句，修饰先行词a system of communication。翻译：她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一种沟通系统，它们会故意向另一个群体成员发送信息。2.分析：连词Although连接让步状语从句；that连接宾语从句。翻译：虽然之前的研究表明，猿类和猴子可以从另一种动物的叫声中理解复杂的信息，但这些动物似乎并
40、没有故意使用它们的声音来交流信息。3.分析：suggests之后的两个宾语从句，由并列连词either.or连接；过去分词contained作为定语，表示被动。翻译：手势含义的模糊性表明，要么是黑猩猩没有什么可以交流的，要么是我们仍然忽略了它们手势和行动中包含的很多信息。第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句本文是一篇说明文。讲述了艺术这一活动对人类的重要意义，是我们不可或缺的社会生活之一。从赋予商品的商业价值，人类的身心健康和青少年的学术和情感发展等方面论述了艺术的重要意义。1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Any public
41、space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful.”（任何公共空间都是由艺术家精心设计的，既实用又美观。）以及“Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can”（艺术可以将文化与商业产品联系起来，这是其他很多东西都做不到的。）可以看出，可见艺术参与的作品兼具文化价值和商业价值。故选择C。2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Social bonds
42、 are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honor of events significant to a nations experience.”（当个人通过反思和讨论分享他们的艺术经验，并通过艺术作品表达共同的价值观，以纪念对一个国家的经验有重要意义的事件时，社会纽带就在他们之间建立起来。），可见通过分享经历，
43、可以建立一种特殊的联系和纽带。故选择B。3.细节理解题。根据第四段“It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not”（研究发现，经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动的人比不经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动的人更容易获得健康;），可见参加艺术活动的人们在身心上都相对更加健康。故选择D。4.细节理解题。根据第五段“Children who are inv
44、olved with the arts make greater achievements in their education”（参与艺术的孩子在他们的教育中取得更大的成就）以及“encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.”（有助于在以后的生活中形成健康的情感反应。）可见艺术活动促进了孩子们的学业表现和情感成长。故选择A。5.主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Vital to human lif
45、e, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.”（艺术对人类的生命至关重要，世界各国为各种目的庆祝和使用艺术。没有艺术的生活将是无聊和死气沉沉的，因为艺术是我们人类的一部分。）可见艺术是人类重要的部分，文章中也详细描述了艺术对不同人群的好处。所以短文的最佳标题为“艺术:人类的福祉”。故选择B。词汇与句型积
46、累：1.functional adj. 功能的；有多种用途的2.insignificant adj. 不重要的；毫无意义的3.generate vt. 形成，造成；产生4.incredible adj. 不可思议的；惊人的merce n. 商业；贸易6.individual n. 个人；某种类型的人7.reflection n. 深思；描述；感想8.wellbeing n. 健康，幸福9.essential adj. 必不可少的 ；根本的10.more engagement with 经常参加11.for various purposes 为各种目的mercial products 商业产品1
47、3.in a way 在某种程度上14.holds significant emotional and cultural value 具有重要的情感和文化价值15.a unique atmosphere 独特的氛围16.go through 经历；度过17.material things 物质的东西18.Social bonds 社会联系19.expression of common values 共同价值的表达20.in honour of adv. 为纪念，为庆祝21.have a pretty positive impact on 有相当积极的影响22.physical and psyc
48、hological health 身心的健康pared to 与相比，跟相比24.is linked to. 与.链接25.blood pressure n. 血压26.are involved with 涉及到27.with preference for 优先选择28.form healthy emotional responses 形成健康的情绪反应29.It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of peoples wellbeing.分析：分号连接两个并列句；第一个分句的主语从句由It引导；两个who连接两个定语从句分别修饰先行词people和those；谓语动词frequent意为“常去，经常参加”。翻译：研究发现，经常去文化场所或参加艺术活动的人比不参加艺术活动的人更有可能获得健康；更多地参与艺术与人们高水平的幸福感有关。
