1、主题训练(二十二)自然环境、自然遗产保护大阅读提升阅读速度内化读文规律(满分70分，限时55分钟).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A(2021南昌模拟)Some of the best cycling routes in the world pass through the most beautiful scenery. Here are some of worlds best bike routes for cyclists who are either up for having a good sweat or simply seeing the world without
2、 leaving an ugly carbon footprint behind.The Great Ocean Road, Victoria, AustraliaIf you like a challenge, take on this 243kilometer windy road along Australias southeastern coast. If a day is all youve got, take the 60kilometer route from Torquay to Bells Beach. There youll cycle through rural farm
3、land, enjoy the sweeping ocean views from cliff tops, and snake past the wetlands around Lake Connewarre.The Udaipur City Tour, Rajasthan, IndiaBiking is arguably the best way to explore Udaipur, Venice of the East.Cyclists often need to cycle past herdsmen and their goats and camels, sharing narrow
4、, old pavements in this romantic place. But surrounded by ancient castles and grand palaces, Udaipur brings about one of the best biking experiences, allowing cyclists to truly discover rural India.The Karakoram Highway, ChinaPakistanThe Karakoram Highway is the highest international road in the wor
5、ld, reaching an altitude of 4,717 meters near the Khunjerab Pass. Starting in Kashgar, China, cyclists can travel up to 1,200 kilometers on mostly unpaved roads, but the views are as breathtaking as the riding.The Route of the Hiawatha, IdahoMontana, United StatesTake your family out to Montana this
6、 summer and cycle along the most scenic disused railroad in the country. The railroad turned bike trail turns into 24 kilometers of leisure biking that takes you over seven trestles (栈桥) and through 10 tunnels, with the longest one, the Taft Tunnel, stretching for 2.7 kilometers.1In which tour can y
7、ou enjoy the seaside scenery?AThe Great Ocean Road.BThe Udaipur City Tour.CThe Karakoram Highway.DThe Route of the Hiawatha.解析：选A细节理解题。根据The Great Ocean Road, Victoria, Australia部分第一句中的“coast”和最后一句中的“There youll cycle through rural farmland, enjoy the sweeping ocean views from cliff tops, and snake
8、past the wetlands around Lake Connewarre.”并结合题干可知，在骑行中可以享受到海边风景的是澳大利亚的这条骑行路线。2What can you do on the Udaipur City Tour?AGo to Venice.BFeed wild animals.CVisit cultural relics.DEnjoy modern architectures.解析：选C推理判断题。根据The Udaipur City Tour, Rajasthan, India部分中的最后一句“But surrounded by ancient castles an
9、d grand palaces, Udaipur brings about one of the best biking experiences, allowing cyclists to truly discover rural India.”可知，在这条骑行路线中，Udaipur被古城堡和宏伟的宫殿所环绕，由此可推知，在这条骑行路线中，骑行者可以参观文化遗址。3Whats special about the Karakoram Highway?AIt is a totally undeveloped route.BIt goes along an abandoned railway.CIt
10、 owns the longest tunnel in the world.DIt lies higher than other international roads.解析：选D细节理解题。根据The Karakoram Highway, ChinaPakistan部分中的“The Karakoram Highway is the highest international road in the world”可知，the Karakoram Highway比世界上的其他路的海拔要高。B(2021云南曲靖质检)MIAMI Florence, currently a tropical stor
11、m with maximum sustained winds of 60 mph, is prepared to strengthen to a hurricane toward the US.East Coast, the National Hurricane Center said on Friday.Over the next few days, the storm could strengthen as fast as it has weakened and head toward the East Coast as strong as a Category 4 hurricane,
12、CBS New York meteorologist Lonnie Quinn said.As of 8 pm.Friday, Florence was located about 1,405 miles southeast of Bermuda.The storm is affecting Bermuda and is expected to hit the US.East Coast over the weekend.“The storms unpredictable path means it could hit anywhere along the southeastern US.，”
13、Quinn said.“With the current data, it looks like the storm is most likely to hit North or South Carolina.”On Friday, North Carolina Gov.Roy Cooper declared a state of emergency.“While its still too early to know the storms path, we know we have to be prepared，” Cooper said.And CBS Raleigh affiliate
14、WNCN reports，“During harvest, time is of the essence.Action today can avoid losses due to Florence.”“Depending on the strength of the storm at that time, such a landfall could cause wind damage, coastal storm surge and inland flooding from torrential rainfall.The flood risk would be even higher for
15、areas in the eastern US.that have seen rounds of heavy rain in recent weeks，” said Lonnie Quinn.The atmospheric conditions may allow Florence to regain its former strength.The storm will reach major hurricane status on next Wednesday, peaking with maximum sustained winds of 130 mph.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章
16、报道了美国迈阿密发生的飓风的情况及其严重影响，对此，政府相关工作人员采取了一系列应急措施。4Where is this passage most probably taken from?ANewspaper.BMagazine.CScience report. DWeather broadcast.解析：选A文章出处题。由全文内容尤其是第一段第一句可推测出本文是一篇新闻报道。故选A。5What can we infer from the passage?AThe tropical storm in Florence will disappear over the next few days.B
17、The storm will hit the US.West Coast over the weekend.CThe storm wont cause any losses to Florence.DThe path of the storm is unknown in advance.解析：选D推理判断题。由第三段的“The storms unpredictable path means it could hit anywhere along the southeastern US.”可知，风暴的路径是未知的。故选D。6What does Cooper suggest people do?A
18、Stay alarmed all the time.BMake everything ready for the coming hurricane.CDelay the time of harvest.DAbandon their home and run away.解析：选B细节理解题。由第四段第二句Cooper说的话“While its still too early to know the storms path, we know we have to be prepared”可知，人们需要为即将到来的飓风做好一切准备。故选B。7What may be the most severe c
19、onsequence caused by the storm?AWind damage. BCoastal rat storm.CInland flood. DLandslide.解析：选C细节理解题。由第五段第二句“The flood risk would be even higher for areas in the eastern US.that have seen rounds of heavy rain in recent weeks .”可知，风暴造成最严重的后果可能是内陆洪水。故选C。CLocated on the clear waters of Lake Superior, R
20、abbit Island is a remote place that is largely uninhabited (无人居住的). While this tiny island may not look like much from up above, its a slice of undeveloped nature, the perfect place for artists from all fields to come and express their creativity.It was this idea that prompted New Yorker Rob Gorski
21、to purchase the island in 2010. He saw an opportunity to create a setting for artists, musicians, writers, dancers and other creative types. Shortly thereafter, Gorski partnered with friend and artist Andrew Ranville and created the Rabbit Island Foundation. Artists are invited to a deeply reflectiv
22、e engagement with wilderness and with their own artistic practice.In keeping with the belief that the island should largely remain untouched, the artists follow the Leave No Trace policy. Small solar panels (太阳能电池板) are used to produce electricity, and buildings are simple and modest with no permane
23、nt foundation left in place. Theres also the added benefit that there are no modern distractions (使人分心的事) for the artists no Internet, no television.The foundations purpose isnt just to host artists. Its also to study the island and develop new ways of preserving undeveloped land in other areas arou
24、nd the world. “The fact that we can show selfcontrol, and find inspiration to create commentary and possibly even find solutions to contemporary challenges related to climate change, wilderness protection, land use, freshwater ecosystems, etc.” said Gorski.The Rabbit Island Foundation hopes more art
25、ists will come to the tiny island with the continued support of donations and sponsors. “Artists who are really challenging their practices and dealing with contemporary issues that inform how we all engage with our environment should be supported, and their work should be celebrated，” Ranville said
26、.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。位于苏必利尔湖水域的兔子岛是一片未开发的土地，来自各个领域的艺术家们在这里接近自然，激发自己的创造力。8Why did Rob Gorski buy Rabbit Island?ATo develop a profitable tourist attraction.BTo have a nice place for relaxation.CTo support his friends foundation.DTo connect artists with nature.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“its a slice of undeveloped n
27、ature, the perfect place for artists from all fields to come and express their creativity”以及第二段第一句可知，兔子岛是一片未开发的土地，来自各个领域的艺术家们可以在这里接近自然，激发自己的创造力。正是这一想法促使Rob Gorski购买了这座小岛。9Which of the following might be found on Rabbit Island?ASkyscrapers.BTelevisions.CNetwork wires. DSolarpowered lights.解析：选D推理判断题。
28、根据第三段中的“Small solar panels (太阳能电池板) are used to produce electricity”可知，兔子岛上用小型太阳能电池板来发电，由此可推知，岛上可能会有太阳能灯。10What can be learned about the Rabbit Island Foundation?AIt focuses on wildlife preservation.BIt aims to protect undeveloped land.CIt is sponsored by the government.DIt aids artistic practice fi
29、nancially.解析：选B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The foundations purpose isnt just to host artists. Its also to study the island and develop new ways of preserving undeveloped land in other areas around the world.”可知，兔子岛基金会创设的目的不仅仅是接待艺术家，该基金会还致力于研究这个岛屿并找出新的方法来保护世界各地未开发的土地。11Where is this text most likely from?AA rese
30、arch paper. BA travel guide.CA news report. DA biography.解析：选C文章出处题。通读全文内容并结合选项可知，本文最可能出自一篇新闻报道。D(2021广州调研)Inside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris, a small metal cylinder (圆柱体) rests on a shelf beneath a double set of bell jars. It has lain there for more than a century, and its rest
31、was only occasionally disturbed when the rooms three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.First, the cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft, alcoholsoaked cloth. Then it is steamed with pure water. Finally, the 1kg cylind
32、er is returned, carefully, to its resting place.Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual, but has a purpose. The castle houses the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and that piece of shining, circular metal is its precious relic. It is the defining mass (质量) against which all other ki
33、lograms are measured. This is the international prototype (样本), or standard, of the kilogram the IPK, in short.Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made. They are stored around the world and used to standardise individual nations weights and measures systems.But the days of
34、the IPK, in its current form, are numbered. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement based on electric currents in order to define the mass of an object. The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned.“O
35、ne key reason for doing this work is to provide international security，” says Paul Robinson, the spokesman of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. “If the castle burned down tomorrow and the kilogram was destroyed, we would have no reference left for the worlds metric weights system. Th
36、ere would be chaos. The current definition of the kilogram is the weight of that cylinder in Paris, after all.”Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements. “Drug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredien
37、ts that will have to be measured in terms of a few millionths or even billionths of a gram，” says Robinson. “We need to be prepared to weigh substances with that kind of accuracy.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了位于巴黎国际度量衡局的珍贵的“千克”样本，该样本是一个金属圆柱体，它已经有一个多世纪的历史。这个“千克”样本是世界各地“千克”的参照物，有着重要的意义；但随着社会的发展，人们需要更加精确的测量结果，所以
38、“千克”在未来将面临变革。12What do we know about the IPK from the first two paragraphs?AIts cared for with great devotion.BIts used in various ceremonies.CIts beautifully designed and decorated.DIts the most valuable metal in the world.解析：选A推理判断题。通读第一段的内容可知，该“千克”样本被放在巴黎的一个美丽的城堡里，并置于钟形玻璃罩下面；并结合第二段的内容可知，技术人员用一块柔软
39、的、被酒精浸泡过的布擦它，然后用纯水蒸的方式清理它，最后小心地将它放回原来的位置。据此可以判断，这个“千克”样本被用心地照看着，故A项正确。13Which of the following best explains “dethroned” underlined in Paragraph 5?ARebuilt. BRemoved.CDestroyed. DUpgraded.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第五段第二句可知，国际度量衡局决定用一种更基本的基于电流的测量(方法)来代替这个单一的物理样本，以确定一个物体的质量；结合该段第三句“The king of kilograms is about t
40、o be dethroned”可推知，该“千克”之王即将被废黜；故画线词与B项“免除，解除(职务等)”意思最相近，故B项正确。14What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?ATo protect the metal cylinder from damage.BTo make taking measurements more economical.CTo provide all countries with the same standard.DTo satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.解析：
41、选D细节理解题。根据尾段的内容，尤其是第一句“Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements”可知，更换国际千克样本的另一个主要原因是社会需要越来越精确的测量结果，目前的IPK已经不能满足社会的需要，故D项正确。15What can be a suitable title for the text?ANo more kilosBA measurement technology
42、CThe future of the kiloDThe history of measures解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了收藏在巴黎的一座城堡中的“千克”样本，该样本在未来将面临变革。故C项最适合作本文标题。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) “The calm before the storm” is a very familiar expression. It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense ar
43、gument. _16_ They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop.But why is it often so calm before a storm? _17_ According to US website HowStuffWorks, a calm period occurs because many storms, tornadoes and hurricanes draw in all the warm and damp air
44、from the surrounding area. As this air rises into the storm clouds, it cools and acts as “fuel for the storm, like petrol in a car”Once the storm has taken all the energy it can from the air, it is pushed out from the top of the storm clouds and falls back down to ground level. _18_ So once it cover
45、s an area, it causes a calm period before the storm._19_ First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder, roughly three seconds equal one kilometer. A good judgement is that if your count is below 30 seconds, you should seek shelter straight away.However, du
46、e to the complexity of the storm system, calm doesnt always go first. So, your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area. _20_AScience has given us the answer.BThere is no definite answer to the question.CWeather reports somet
47、imes cannot be trusted.DBritish sailors coined the phrase in the late 1600s.EAs the air declines, it becomes warm and dry, which is stable.FThe Weather Network has a tip for working out how far away a storm is.GThats the most reliable way to predict the next display of natures temper.16选D根据下文“They n
48、oted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop”，并结合上文“The calm before the storm is a very familiar expression”可推知，D项表述这个短语的来源符合语境。17选A承接上文“But why is it often so calm before a storm？”，并与下文形成呼应可推知，A项“科学已经给出了答案”符合语境。18选E承接上文“Once the storm has taken all the
49、 energy it can from the air, it is pushed out from the top of the storm clouds and falls back down to ground level”可推知，空气变得稀薄，与选项E呼应，所以选用E选项。19选F根据下文“First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder”可推知，此空与计算数据有关，与F项内容呼应，所以选用F选项。20选G根据上文“So, your best bet is
50、to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area”可推知，天气预报是个可靠的途径，所以选用G选项。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Ive been into environmentfriendly things for ages, which started when I was 13 and my favorite teen magazine _21_ in the mail with a “Save the Ear
51、th, Girl！” cover. I remember it _22_！ It was filled with all sorts of easy _23_ to go green.Among many of the _24_ I learned that day: turning off the water while you brush your teeth _25_ 200 gallons of water every year per person! I started doing that _26_. I mean, it is kind of a big deal conside
52、ring Earth doesnt have an unlimited _27_ of fresh water.My parents were also _28_ for recycling and reusing, so we became the ones who _29_ rejected containers and used them for _30_， and the ones who carried our own bags to the grocery store and our own _31_ to the coffee shop. I knew it was the ri
53、ght thing to do for the environment.Later, I tried to let my _32_ flag fly! I either called out to whoever littered in public or collected magazines from my friends to _33_. Then the strangest thing happened: people started _34_ me. One by one, my friends began to turn off the lights, buy recycled n
54、otebooks, and _35_ paper back into the printer to make use of the other _36_. Its not that they were so _37_ about the environment, but they were drawn to my confidence.Im wild about environmental protection and would stand _38_， saying, “Yeah, this is what Im into.” _39_ others dont share your enth
55、usiasm, they will envy your confidence and want to be like you, and that means _40_ your example.21A.existed BarrivedCreturned Dprinted解析：选B根据空后的“in the mail”可推知，作者最喜爱的青少年杂志到了。22A.carefully BcorrectlyCclearly Doccasionally解析：选C根据空后的感叹号，和上文提到那本杂志是作者的最爱可推知，作者清晰地(clearly)记得那本杂志。23A.tips BquestionsCjobs
56、 Ddecisions解析：选A根据上文中的“with a Save the Earth, Girl！ cover”可推知，那本杂志里提供了很多环保的小贴士，与下文中的如“刷牙时关掉水龙头”等具体的建议形成呼应。24A.reasons BdebatesClessons Dfacts解析：选D根据语境可推知，每个人刷牙时关掉水龙头一年可以节约(saves)200加仑水是一个事实的陈述。25A.weighs BstoresCsaves Dtotals解析：选C参见上题解析。26A.at times Bright awayCafter all Dat last解析：选B根据下文“I mean, it
57、 is kind of a big deal considering Earth doesnt have an unlimited _ of fresh water”可推知，作者认为节约用水事关重大，于是立马行动。27A.amount BcontrolCuse Dflow解析：选A作者意识到地球上的淡水资源是有限的。amount“数量”。28A.famous BsorryCeager Dsuitable解析：选C根据下文可知，作者的父母也加入进来，践行环保。be eager for“渴望”。29A.washed out Btook awayCgave out Dthrew away解析：选A与
58、空前的“reusing”呼应可推知，作者一家把遗弃的容器清洗后用来贮存(storage)。30A.collection BshowCstorage Ddecoration解析：选C参见上题解析。31A.drinks BbooksCcoins Dcups解析：选D根据空前的“carried our own bags to the grocery store”和作者一家的环保理念可推知，他们带着自己的杯子去咖啡店。32A.noble BhighCambitious Dgreen解析：选D根据上文“Ive been into environmentfriendly things for ages”和
59、“It was filled with all sorts of easy _ to go green”可推知，之后作者试着把自己的环保理念传播给他人，故选D。33A.recycle BprocessCresell Ddonate解析：选A结合作者的环保理念并根据语境可推知，作者从朋友那里收集杂志，循环利用。34A.serving BcopyingCobserving Dreminding解析：选B根据下文“One by one, my friends began to turn off the lights . make use of the other _”可推知，作者的朋友开始仿效作者，
60、加入环保行动。35A.pay BtakeCfeed Dturn解析：选C根据空后的“paper back into the printer to make use of the other _”并结合语境可知，此处应是一种环保做法，即把纸放进打印机，使用纸的另一面(side)。feed“把放进机器”。36A.sheet BpartCversion Dside解析：选D参见上题解析。37A.curious BconcernedCoptimistic Dserious解析：选B根据该句“Its not that . drawn to my confidence”可推知，他们这样做并不是他们关注环境
61、，而是被作者的信心吸引，与上文作者的朋友开始效仿作者，践行环保理念呼应。38A.proudly BpolitelyCcalmly Dpatiently解析：选A根据上文中的“but they were drawn to my confidence”可推知，作者热衷环保，信心满满，并以此为傲。39A.Now that BEven ifCUnless DBefore解析：选B根据语境可知，此处表示即使其他人不能分享你的热情，但他们将羡慕你的信心，并且想像你一样。40A.setting BmakingCgiving Dfollowing解析：选D结合语境“they will envy your co
62、nfidence and want to be like you”可推知，这意味着人们会被你的信心所感染，效仿你的环保行为。精表达夯实语言基础提升表达能力.单词拼写1To improve the environment/surroundings (环境) means improving our life.2Wed better recycle (循环利用) the waste water, paper and other waste so that we can reuse them.3The emission of greenhouse gases not only results in m
63、ore and more CO2 in the atmosphere (大气) but also keeps the temperature going up.4Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish/litter/garbage/waste (垃圾) carelessly thrown.5If everyone makes contribution (贡献) to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.6As a matt
64、er of fact, your opinion will not affect (影响) my decision.7I would like to buy a house with a view (景色) over the sea.8The news on smartphones saves people much time reading through newspapers for current (当前的) affairs.单句语法填空1He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried (bury) in the pockets of his
65、 dark overcoat.2We sent our congratulations (congratulate) to her when she passed the driving test.3A large number of soldiers were sent there to_rescue (rescue) those trapped in the building.4A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing three years ago but ruins (ruin)5I received
66、his mothers phone call at ten. Only then did I know that he was badly injured (injure) in an accident the day before yesterday.6Our government has spent lots of time in solving the ageing (age) problem.7Nancys first reaction to the news was a strange mixture (mix) of joy and anger.8As is known to us
67、, May Day is a traditional (tradition) day for celebrations.9Its reported that Januarys sales were slightly (slight) better than average.10It is thought that the scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description (describe).完成句子1Many people worry that our_energy_will_run_out_quickly if we use
68、it in an unchecked way.许多人担心，如果不控制能源的使用的话，我们的能源将会很快被耗尽。2Plenty of rubbish and waste water are_being_poured_into_the_rivers;_as a consequence, water sources have become badly polluted.大量的垃圾和废水正涌入河流，结果，水源被严重污染。3It_is_wellknown_that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe_due_to_globa
69、l_warming.众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺(问题)正变得日益严重。4There_is_no_doubt_that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activities that have caused this global warming.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和，全球变暖正是人类活动所致。5Accordingly/Consequently, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that people are_more_and_more_aware_of_
70、the_importance_of_the_protection_of_the_environment.因此，不难得出结论：人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性了。.书面表达假定你是红星中学的学生李华。你的笔友Jim了解到你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动，想了解详情。请你根据以下内容回复一封电子邮件。1得知活动消息；2活动内容；3相关人员反应。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：地球日Earth Day 考范文：Dear Jim，Im glad to hear from you, learning that youre interested in what
71、we did on Earth Day. Now Id like to share with you some details.A week before Earth Day, seeing the posters for a greener earth, our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials. The next day, we couldnt wait to put our ideas into practice, turning some wornout clothes and empty
72、plastic bottles into dolls, handbags, boxes and small vases. That weekend, we headed for a nearby neighborhood, giving away what we had produced to the people there, which made everyone very happy with those unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly people. To be honest, we are proud of doing something for a better world.What have you done recently? Would you like to share it with me? Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua
