1、自然环境、自然遗产保护.阅读理解A(2021德州高三检测)Americas first transcontinental railroad, completed 150 years ago today at Promontory Summit in Utah, connected the vast United States and brought America into the modern age. Chinese immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement, but the historical accounts
2、 that followed often ignored their role.Between 1863 and 1869, as many as 20,000 Chinese workers helped build the dangerous western part of the railroad, a winding ribbon of track known as the Central Pacific. At first, the Central Pacific Railroads directors wanted a whitesonly workforce. When not
3、enough white men signed up, the railroad began hiring Chinese men for the backbreaking labor. Company leaders were skeptical of the new recruits ability to do the work, but_they_proved themselves not only capable but even superior to the other workers.Chinese workers cut through dense forests, fille
4、d deep narrow steepsided valley, constructed long trestles (高架桥) and built enormous retaining walls (防护墙) some of which remain complete and undamaged today. All work was done by hand using carts, shovels and picks but no machinery. However, progress came at great cost: an estimated 1,200 Chinese lab
5、orers died along the Central Pacific route.Despite these facts, Chinese workers were often left out of the official story because of their identity of foreigners. On the transcontinental railroads 100th birthday, the Chinese workers were still not honored. It was another fifty years later that their
6、 role was gradually highlighted. To celebrate the railroads 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day
7、.语篇解读：本文主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路做出的巨大贡献。尽管历史上中国工人对铁路的贡献一直被忽视，但最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。1What does “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AChinese laborers.BWhite workers.CCompany leaders. DRailroad directors.解析：选A代词指代题。根据第二段中的“When not enough . the work”可知，当没有足够的白人报名时，铁路开始雇用中国男子从事艰苦的劳动。公司领导对新员工的工作能力表示怀疑，因此推断画线句意为“但他们
8、证明自己不仅有能力，甚至优于其他工人。”they指代上文提到的中国劳动力。故选A。2Why does the author make such detailed descriptions in Paragraph 3?ATo prove Chinese workers superior skills.BTo stress the danger and difficulty of the work.CTo describe the grand scenery along the railroad.DTo show notable achievements made by Chinese work
9、ers.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段可知，本段主要阐述中国工人修建铁路时付出了巨大的代价：估计有1 200名中国劳工在铁路建设中死亡。因此推断详细描述修建铁路的工作过程是为了强调工作的危险和困难。故选B。3What does the text intend to tell us?ANone so blind as those who wont see.BNo pains, no gains.CTruth will come to light sooner or later.DDoing is better than saying.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推断，尽管历史上
10、中国工人对铁路的贡献一直不被认可，但是最终在2017年他们的奉献得以承认。故C项“纸包不住火”是文章要告诉读者的。故选C。4What might be the best title for the text?AThe Birth of the Central Pacific Cost DearlyBMay 10 A Special Day for Chinese ImmigrantsCChinese Workers Contributions Gained RecognitionDThe 150th anniversary of the Central Pacific Railroad解析：选
11、C标题归纳题。根据第一段第二句以及最后一段最后一句可知，最终，中国工人的贡献得以被认可，故选C。BMadison Square Garden (MSG), a place for worldfamous events in New York City, has actually been a group of buildings in different spots rather than a single building in one spot. In 1874, PT. Barnum threw open Barnums Monster Classical and Geological
12、Hippodrome (BMCGH) at the corner of Madison Avenue and 26th Street, across from Madison Square Park. Two years later, bandleader Patrick Gilmore leased the building, added statues and fountains, and renamed it Gilmores Gardens. When William Kissam Vanderbilt took back control of the building, it was
13、 renamed Madison Square Garden in 1879.A new grand Madison Square Garden was built at the same spot in 1890, with a ballroom, a restaurant, a theater, a rooftop garden, and a main hall with seating for 8,000. However, this complex Madison Square Garden lasted until 1925 when it was torn down to make
14、 way for a fortylevel landmark.When the second Madison Square Garden had been replaced in its spot across from Madison Square Park, the boxing promoter Tex Rickard built a new Madison Square Garden. This new Madison Square Garden was constructed in a different place, on 8th Avenue between 49th and 5
15、0th Streets and quite some distance from Madison Square Park and Madison Avenue. Rickards Madison Square Garden served primarily as an arena (场地) for boxing prize fights and circus events until it lost its usefulness by the late 1960s.A new spot was found again for Madison Square Garden, with Pennsy
16、lvania Station to be built underground. Plans were announced for the construction of Madison Square Garden in 1960. This building, which includes a huge sports hall, a bowling center, a 5,000seat arena, and a twentyninelevel office building, does keep the traditional name Madison Square Garden. Howe
17、ver, it doesnt lie near Madison Square, nor does it have the flowery gardens that contributed to the original name. But it still hosts the historymaking moments at present as the former ones.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦迪逊广场花园的历史变迁，包括它的建筑时间、地点以及功能的变化。5When was BMCGH renamed Gilmores Gardens?AIn 1874. BIn 1
18、876.CIn 1879. DIn 1890.解析：选B细节理解题。第一段谈到在1874年，P.T. Barnum开放了BMCGH，两年后，Patrick Gilmore租下该建筑，更名为Gilmores Gardens，故选B。6Which paragraph discusses the third construction of MSG?AThe first paragraph. BThe second paragraph.CThe third paragraph. DThe last paragraph.解析：选C细节理解题。第二段谈到第二代MSG，该MSG在1925年被拆掉；再根据第三
19、段的内容，尤其是第一句可知，第二代MSG被拆后，Tex Rickard修建了第三代MSG，接着下文还介绍了第三代MSG的位置离麦迪逊广场公园和麦迪逊大道有相当远的一段距离。所以涉及第三次建造MSG的内容在第三段。7What can be inferred about todays MSG from the text?AIt is on Madison Avenue.BIt has unbelievable gardens.CIts across from Madison Square Park.DIt is above a transportation center.解析：选D推理判断题。最后
20、一段中的“A new spot was found again for Madison Square Garden, with Pennsylvania Station to be built underground.”谈到了如今麦迪逊广场花园的地点，也就是宾夕法尼亚车站上面，故本题选D。8What is the main idea of the text?AMSG was always named after a nearby park.BMSG has a varied history in various spots.CMSG is home to many different spor
21、ting events.DMSG always hosts the historymaking moments.解析：选B主旨大意题。阅读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了麦迪逊广场花园的历史变迁，包括不同时期的建筑地点以及功用的变化，故选B。.阅读七选五What happens when you want to go from one place to another, but theres water in the way? Thats the problem people faced for hundreds of years in the area that is now New York
22、City. In the city, there is a natural canal (运河) called the Narrows, separating Brooklyn on one side from Staten Island on the other.But the Narrows isnt really so narrow. The water is almost a mile wide, and its more than 100 feet deep. _1_ When they wanted to talk to each other, they climbed into
23、their boats and sailed across.By the late 1800s, circumstances had changed dramatically. Population growth meant there were now many people needing to travel between Staten Island and Brooklyn for work. _2_Between 1888 and 1920 there were two major efforts to build a train tunnel to connect the area
24、s. _3_ Proposals to build a connecting bridge made during the 1910s also ended in failure due to opposition from the US Navy.Finally, after World War ， there were so many people living in New York City that leaders decided Brooklyn and Staten Island needed a direct connection. Since tunnels were too
25、 expensive, they decided to build a bridge. The design selected had two separate roadways stacked (叠放) on top of each other. _4_ Construction, which took five years, was completed in 1964 and cost D|S320 million. Today about 190,000 cars and trucks cross the bridge every day._5_ But in the case of t
26、he Narrows, figuring out a good solution took hundreds of years.ASometimes getting from one place to another is very easy.BBoth were quickly abandoned however due to the high costs involved.CNeither road was large enough to satisfy the existing transport demands.DIt was anticipated that the new trai
27、n system would help the areas grow even faster.ETaking a boat every time was very slow, expensive and, in bad weather, unreliable.FBoth would hang in the air from thick steel cables, supported by two giant steel towers.GFor a long time that wasnt a problem, because only a few people lived in Brookly
28、n and Staten Island.语篇解读：本文主要讲了纽约市The Narrows两岸的交通问题的解决。1选G根据空前一句和空后一句可推知，G项“很长时间以来那不是一个问题，因为只有少数人住在Brooklyn和Staten Island。”符合语境，所以选G项。2选E空前一句是说人口增长意味着有许多人为了工作奔波于两地之间，根据第四段可知，人们想要建造一个火车隧道来连接两地；由此可推知，空处应是说乘船往返于两地的缺点，所以选E项。3选B根据空前一句中的“two major efforts”和空后一句可知，空处应该是讲两次努力都没有成功，故选B项。4选F根据空前一句可知，F项中的“Bot
29、h”与之呼应，且F项的句意与语境相符，故选F项。5选A根据空后一句可知，设空处的句子应与空后一句形成逻辑上的转折关系，所以A项“有时从一个地方到另一个地方是很容易的”符合语境。.短文改错 Im worried that youve been addicted to share pictures in WeChat circle recently. You even share all sorts of photo in your daily life. Of course，WeChat makes better to understand each other and makes our li
30、fe more colorful，which is very convenient for us to communicate with. However, there exists some potential risks if we overshare. One severe problem is leaking privacy，that may cause economic losses. Besides，oversharing can make others uncomfortably, for they think you are showing off.Thus, never sh
31、ould we post our personal information，or should we blindly add strangers to a list of friends. Its much wise to set aside some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful, such as reading books and taking exercise.答案：第一句：sharesharing第二句：photophotos第三句：better前加it; 去掉with第四句：existsexist第五句：thatwhich第六句：uncomfortablyuncomfortable第七句：athe第八句：wisewiser; andor
