1、第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题四介词和数词 对 点 训 练 .单句语法填空(高考真题改编)1. (2019年天津卷)In spite _ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.解析：句意：尽管存在这些问题，但是有几个队员表现得很出色。根据“问题”和“表现很出色”可以判断出，前后为让步关系。 in spite of意为“尽管，虽然”。答案：of2. (2019年天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence has alread
2、y made an impact _ our lives in many ways.解析：句意：我们可以看到，人工智能已经在很多方面对我们的生活产生了影响。make an impact on意为“对产生影响”，是固定搭配。答案：on3. (2019年全国卷)Modern methods _ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.解析：a method of/for
3、 doing sth.意为“做某事的方法”。答案：of/for4. (2019年北京卷) First celebrated _ 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区)解析：此处表示“在1970年”，应用介词in。在年、月和季节前，用介词in。答案：in5. (2019年浙江卷)But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _ this question is not clear.解析：the answer to
4、.意为“的答案”。答案：to6. (2019年全国卷)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _ dogs, seven to be exact. 解析：a pack of是固定搭配，意为“一群”。答案：of7. (2018年全国卷)I was searching _ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.解析：search f
5、or是固定搭配，意为“寻找”，故填for。答案：for8. (2018年江苏卷)Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which calls _ a clear road map and timetable.解析：句意：开发长江经济带是一个系统化的工程，这项工程需要一个清晰的路线图和时间表。call for意为“需要，要求”。答案：for9. (2018年江苏卷)Chinas soft power grows in line _ the increasing appreciation and und
6、erstanding of China globally.解析：句意：中国软实力的增长与全球对中国不断增长的欣赏和理解紧密相连。in line with是固定短语，意为“与紧密相连”。答案：with10. (2018年天津卷)Bob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went _ all.解析：句意：由于需要写一份报告，鲍勃以为自己参加不了聚会了，但是他终究还是去了。根据句意可知，此处应填after。after all 意为“毕竟，终究”。答案：after11. (2018年北
7、京卷)Good morning, Mr. Lees office.Good morning. Id like to make an appointment _ next Wednesday afternoon.解析：句意：早上好，这里是Lee先生的办公室。早上好，我想预约下周三下午的见面。make an appointment for.意为“为预约”。答案：for12. (2017年全国卷)This trend was started by the medical community (医学界)_ a method of fighting heart disease.解析：分析句子结构可知，此
8、处在句中作状语，表示“作为一种抵抗心脏病的方式”，故填as。答案：as13. (2017年全国卷)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and _ work.解析：to and from 意为“往返，来回”，故填from。答案：from14. (2017年全国卷)After school she plans to take a year off to model full time bef
9、ore going to university to get a degree _ engineering or architecture. 解析：in意为“在某一方面”。get a degree in意为“获得某项学位”，故填in。答案：in15. (2016年全国卷)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India，for example，most people traditionally eat _ their hands.解析：with ones hands 意为“用某人的手”。答案：with16. (2016年四川卷)The m
10、other continued to care for the young panda _ more than two years.解析：“for时间段”表示“持续一段时间”。句意：熊猫妈妈对孩子的照顾会持续两年多。答案：for17. (2016年江苏卷)Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage_ the opportunity to join sports teams.解析：take advantage of 意为“利用”。答案：of18. (2016年浙江卷)That young man is honest,
11、 cooperative, always there when you need his help._ short, hes reliable.解析：in short 意为“总之，简言之”。答案：In19. (2016年浙江卷)The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _ influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.解析：in the cultures 意为“在的文化中”，是固定搭配，故填in。答案：in20. (2015年陕西卷)The little
12、pupil took his grandma _ the arm and walked her across the street.解析：take sb.by the arm意为“挽着某人的手臂”。此处by意为“抓着(物体或身体的某个部位)”。答案：by.用括号内数词的适当形式填空1Even a child knows September is the ninth (nine) month of a year.2My family live on the fifth (five) floor of the tall building.3Two thirds (three) of the boy
13、s in my class are in the school football team.4Ive bought a present for my fathers fortieth (forty) birthday.5I am in my eighth (eight) year in this middle school.6Jack is busy preparing for a party to celebrate his sisters twelfth (twelve) birthday.7His first (one) name is Mike.But I dont know his
14、family name.8As we all know，“Z” is the twentysixth (twentysix) letter in the alphabet.9Now thousands (thousand) of people around the world cant get clean water.10The doctor advised him to take the medicine twice (two) a day.单句改错1. (2019年全国卷)Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teache
15、r because I liked my English teacher very much. _解析：“上五年级”有两种表达方式：in the fifth/5th grade或in Grade 5/Five。答案：fivefifth2. (2019年全国卷)When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor. _解析：in/at high school意为“在高中”。答案：high前加in/at3. (2019年全国卷)I want my caf to have a s
16、pecial theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”_解析：such as意为“例如”，是固定搭配。答案：去掉like4. (2018年全国卷)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed._解析：时间名词用every, each, last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故去掉for。答案：去掉for5. (2017年全国卷)In the summer holiday following my eighteen bi
17、rthday, I took driving lessons._解析：此处表示“我的第十八个生日”，应用序数词。答案：eighteeneighteenth6. (2017年全国卷)It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road._解析：in the middle of the road 意为“在路中央”，是固定搭配。答案：onof7. (2017年全国卷)I realize of how fast time flies._解析：realize后跟how引导的宾语从句，介词of 多余，故去掉of
18、。答案：去掉of8. (2016年全国卷)My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time._解析：dream of/about 表示“梦想”，后跟v.ing形式作宾语。答案：dreams后加of/about9. (2016年浙江卷)While they chatted, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge._解析：此处表示“冰箱的上面”，故把in改为on。答案：inon10. (201
19、6年四川卷)Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping._解析：go on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，而此处表示“爸爸打扫完房子后去购物”。go shopping意为“购物”，故去掉on。答案：去掉on11. (2015年陕西卷)My soccer coach retired in last week._解析：由形容词 last, next 等修饰的名词词组用作时间状语时，其前不加介词。答案：去掉in12. (2015年四川卷)Please help with me and give me some advice._解析：句意
20、：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。with多余，故去掉with。答案：去掉with13. (2015年全国卷)Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted._解析：with the development of.意为“随着的发展”，是固定搭配。答案：onwith14. (2015年全国卷)One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parents. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window._解析：此处表示“在橱窗里面”，故把on改为in。答案：onin15. (2015年浙江卷)My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass._解析：be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化；be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。答案：fromof
