1、Section Lesson 4，Communication Workshop&Culture CornerUnit 1 Lifestyles 重点单词1_ n.会计，会计师 2_ adj.拥挤的 3_ adj.附近的 adv.在附近 4_ adv.否则；另外 5_ n.预报；预测 accountant crowded nearby otherwise forecast 6_ n.疾病 _ adj.生病的 7_ n.距离 8_ adj.古典的 9_ adj.正式的，合礼仪的 _ adj.非正式的 10_ n.风格，作风 sickness sick distance classical form
2、al informal style 重点短语1_ 此刻，目前 2_ 确保 3_ 免除；摆脱；离开 4_ 结果 5_ 喜欢 6_ 想出(计划、回答)7_ 期待at the moment make sure be free of as a result be fond of come up with look forward to 重点句型1what 引导表语从句Thats _(人们叫作地铁的东西)in London.2so.that.如此以至于Usually,its _(如此拥挤以至于)I cant find anywhere to sit.3动名词作主语.so I think _(学习法语)w
3、ill help me in my job.what people call the underground so crowded that studying French 4the same.that.与同样的We dont have _(和的工作时间相同)office workers in the city have.5if so 如果这样的话Do you like collecting things？_(如果是的话),what?the same work hours that If so Read the text(P14)and choose the best answer.1How
4、long is it from Debbies home to her company?AFifty minutes walk.BFifty minutes by underground.CFifty minutes by bus.DFifty minutes by train.2Why doesnt Debbie like to go to work on“the tube”？AIts always too crowded.BShe is sometimes late if she goes to work on“the tube”CThe underground is not fast e
5、nough.DShe cant catch“the tube”sometimes.3Debbie works for a French company so she _Ahas dance classes on Monday nightsBgoes to the gym on Wednesday nightsChas French classes on Tuesday and Thursday nightsDgoes to the cinema every week4When Pauls family take a weekend in London，_Athe children love l
6、ooking in the clothes shopsBthe husband will go to moviesCthe wife likes to buy cigarsDthey love to ride on red buses or the tube5From the second passage we know Paul is _ his life.Aunsatisfied with Bgetting bored ofCdisappointed with Dsatisfied with答案：15.BACBD crowded adj.拥挤的(教材 P14)Usually，its so
7、crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.地铁通常很拥挤，我找不到座位坐。(1)be crowded with.挤满(2)crowd n.人群 v.拥挤；聚集 a crowd of 一群 crowds of 许多 crowd around/round 围拢；聚集在周围 crowd into.挤进 crowd out 挤出；排挤We had a very crowded schedule on the trip.我们的旅行日程排得满满的。The park is _(crowd)with children on weekends.在周末这个公园里挤满了人。E
8、veryone in the restaurant crowded round them and started singing.餐馆里所有的人都拥到他们周围唱了起来。crowded We had to crowd _ the kitchen with others.我们只好和其他人一起挤到厨房里。The old workers are being crowded _ by the young workers.这些老工人被年轻工人挤走了。into out crowd 可用作名词，译作“人群，大众”，在句中作主语时，谓语动词可按单数或复数对待，the crowd“老百姓，大众”。The crow
9、d crowded into the stadium which was crowded with audience.otherwise conj.否则，要不然adj.在其他方面；另外，否则，不然(教材 P14)I need to do that because I dont get enough exercise otherwise.我需要那样做，不然的话，我得不到足够的锻炼。(1)通常用于“祈使句otherwise陈述句”的句型，意为：“否则”，相当于 or。(2)otherwise 常用于虚拟语气句中，表示否定的条件，即表示与前述内容相反的条件。Thanks for your direc
10、tions to the house;we wouldnt have found it otherwise.谢谢你告诉我们怎么到达那所房子，否则，我们就找不到它了。The rent is a bit high，but otherwise the house is satisfactory.这幢房子租金贵了点，但在其他方面倒是令人满意。Youd better go now，_ youll miss the train.你最好现在就走，要不然就赶不上火车了。I ran all the way to school，otherwise I _(be)late.我一路跑到学校，要不然就迟到了。other
11、wise would have been make sure 确保；保证(教材 P15)I have to make sure they are free of sickness.我必须确保它们没有生病。(1)make sure 表示“务必”“确信”“弄明白”，后面常接 of sth.或 that 引导的宾语从句。make sure of 确定(2)for sure/certain 肯定地(3)be sure to do sth.一定要；务必 be sure of.有把握 Make sure that your car is not blocking their doorway.确保你的车不要
12、挡在他们的门口。He said he had done it，but we couldnt make sure _ it.他说他已经做了，可我们没人能确定。No one knows _ sure what will happen.没有人能确定会发生什么。Be sure _(give)your family my regards.务必代我向你家人问好。If you are not sure of the answers,say so.如果你对这些答案没有把握，就直说吧。offorto give be free of 免除；摆脱；离开(教材 P15)I have to make sure they
13、 are free of sickness.我必须确保它们没有生病。(1)be/feel free to do sth.自由地做某事(2)be free from 不受影响(3)set free 释放 for free 免费地 free of charge 免费 It is so good to enjoy a holiday which is free of all responsibilities!享受一个摆脱一切责任的假期真是太好了！You are free_(come)to the hall as you please.你可以随意来这个大厅，只要你喜欢。They wanted the
14、new states to be free _slavery.他们希望新的国家没有奴隶制度。to come from He opened the cage and set the bird free.他打开笼子，把小鸟放走了。You cant get anything_free in the world.在这个世界上你不可能无偿得到任何东西。Children can stay in the hotel free of charge.孩子们可以免费住在这个宾馆里。for 表示“不受伤害/影响”时，be free ofbe free from,但是be free of tax(免税)和 be fr
15、ee of charge(免费)中的 of 不能换成from。distance n距离，路程，远处(教材 P15)Right now I am studying Chinese by distance learning.现在我正通过远程学习来学习中文。(1)in the distance 在远处，在远方 at/from a distance 从远处；遥远地 at a distance of.隔多远，在多远处(2)keep ones distance(from.)(与)保持距离 keep sb.at a distance 与某人保持一定距离；不愿与某人亲近 Whats the distance
16、from New York to Beijing?纽约离北京有多远？The noise of the car died away _ the distance.汽车的声音消失在远方。His oil painting looks better_a distance.他的油画从远处看更好看。Things look different at a distance of 10 years.时隔十年，情况不同了。She was warned to keep her distance from Tom.她被警告离汤姆远一点。in at/from 单句语法填空(1)She found that the ma
17、n was following her _ a distance.(2)Thats Long Island _ the distance over there.(3)Ann likes to keep people _ a distance.atinat at the moment 此刻，目前(教材 P16)At the moment Im studying medicine at a university.目前，我正在一所大学学习医学专业。for the moment 暂时，目前 for a moment 片刻，一会儿 in a moment 很快，立刻，不久(at)any moment 随
18、时，任何时候 the moment 一就(相当于 as soon as，引导时间状语从句)They are very upset and dont want to talk at the moment.他们此刻非常烦躁，不想说话。I have nothing to do for the moment.我暂时无事可做。The man thought _a moment and then spoke.这个人想了想，然后开始说。Dont worry!He will be back_a moment.别担心！他一会儿会回来的。I will tell her the news_ moment I see
19、 her.我一看到她就告诉她这个消息。forin the as a result 结果，因此(教材 P18)As a result，people often got very hungry during the long wait between these two meals.结果，人们在两顿饭间的长时间等待之后常常会变得很饿。(1)as a result of 由于 without result 毫无结果地，徒劳地(2)result in 导致 result from 由于 The pilots are on strike，and as a result，all flights have
20、to be cancelled.飞行员在罢工，结果，所有的航班被迫取消。The ceremony had to be put off as a result _ the bad weather.因为糟糕的天气，典礼只好被延期了。They went over every process again，but _ result.他们把每道工序又检查了一遍，但是毫无结果。His careless driving resulted in the accident.The accident resulted _ his careless driving.他的粗心驾驶导致了这起事故。of without f
21、rom as a result 意为：“结果，因此”，相当于副词。as a result of 意为：“由于”，是介词短语，后面可以接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。单句改错(1)The man was late for work as a result the traffic jam._(2)Her lack of common sense resulted from the mistake._ result后加of fromin come up with 想出(计划、回答、主意、办法等)(教材 P18)To solve this problem，the Duchess came up with
22、the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and five oclock.为了解决这个问题，公爵夫人想出了一个好办法：在四点至五点之间，邀请一些朋友到她那里吃下午餐。come up to 走近 come up 发生；被提及(无被动式)come out 出来；出版；开花 come across (偶然)遇到；碰到 come about 发生 I was amazed that hed come up with this sweet idea.我非常惊奇他能想出这么
23、一个温馨的主意。The man came _to me and asked for direction that day.那天这个人走近我，向我问路。When will the matter come up for discussion?这件事什么时候会被提出来讨论？This book is about to come _ in Britain，and later in France and in Spain.该书即将在英国出版，随后还会在法国和西班牙出版。They didnt know how the change had come _他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。upout about
24、come up with 的主语是人或组织，with 后是提出的内容；come up 意为“被提出”，主语是被提出的内容，主动表被动。单句语法填空(1)Who came up _ this practical idea that day?(2)She came _ her old friend while walking in the park.(3)Something unexpected came _ at the meeting the other day.(4)How did it come _ that she was hit by a car that night?with acr
25、oss up about look forward to 盼望，期待(教材 P19)This will give you something exciting to look forward to and，of course，itll be a break from your daily routine.这会给你带来一些你期待的兴奋的感觉，而且，当然会让你从一天的日常琐事中解脱出来。(1)look forward to 中的 to 为介词，因此后跟动词时，要用动名词形式，不用不定式。(2)含介词 to 的常用动词短语：lead to 导致；object to 反对；see to 处理，料理；r
26、efer to 提交，查阅；get down to 开始认真做 He was looking forward to working with the new manager.他很期待跟新经理一起工作。Im looking forward to _(see)you again.我期待着与你再次相见。The evidence led to the thiefs _(catch)这些证据促成了这个贼被抓。The old man objected to _(pay)that much for milk.这位老人不赞成花那么多钱买牛奶。The woman got down to cleaning the
27、 room as soon as she got home.这个女人一到家就开始打扫房间。seeing being caught paying(教材 P14)Thats what people call the underground in London.那就是人们通常所称的伦敦地铁。(1)what 常可用来引导名词性从句，其在名词性从句中常可以理解为：所的(事情等)。在本句的表语从句中，what 为连接代词，在表语从句中充当动词 call 的宾语补足语。(2)what 可引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句)，并且要在所引导的从句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等成分。“
28、Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.”this is what my mother used to tell me.(表语从句)“每次你吃甜点的时候，就喝点绿茶。”这是过去妈妈经常对我说的话。This is what we call global warming.(表语从句)这就是我们所说的全球变暖现象。_ you say may well be true.(主语从句)你说的很可能是事实。What They have done what they can to help her.(宾语从句)他们已经做了他们能做到的一切去帮助她。I have n
29、o idea _ has made her change her mind.(同位语从句)我不知道什么使她改变了主意。what what 引导名词性从句时，在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或宾补，并保持原疑问词的意义或者表示“的事情(或东西)”；that 引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当成分，也无具体意思，只起连接作用。单句改错(1)What she dislikes studying makes her mother worried._(2)That gets him surprised is that all of them are in favor of him._(3)The problem
30、 is what we have not enough money to help him._WhatThat ThatWhat whatthat(教材 P14)Usually，its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。句中的 so.that.表示“如此以至于”；其中 so 为副词，后面跟形容词或者副词。(1)so.that.常用于以下结构：so形容词(表语)that 从句 so形容词a(n)单数名词that 从句 so副词that 从句 somany/much/few/little(少)名词that 从句(
31、2)类似的结构有 such.that：sucha/anadj.单数名词that 从句 suchadj.复数可数名词that 从句 suchadj.不可数名词that 从句 He spoke so quickly that no one could hear him clearly.他说得那么快，没有人能听清楚。The picture is _ beautiful that everyone likes it.那幅画是那样好看，以至于大家都喜欢它。It was so good an exhibition that I went to see it several times.It was _ a
32、 good exhibition _ I went to see it several times.展览非常好，以至于我去看了好几次。There was _ much work to do that everybody got bored.有这么多的事要做，以至于人人都感到厌烦了。sosuch that so(教材 P15)We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我们的工作时间和城市里上班族的工作时间不同。本句中含有 the same.that 结构，that 引导定语从句，对 work hou
33、rs 进行修饰限定，并且 that 在该定语从句中作宾语。Coincidently，I was admitted to the same university that my father once admired most.巧合的是，我被我父亲曾经最仰慕的那所大学录取了。This is _ I want to make.我要说明的恰恰就是相同的这一点。the very same point that (1)当被修饰的名词前有 the same 时，其后定语从句既可用 that引导，也可用 as 引导。(2)the same.as 中的 as 与 the same.that 中的 that 引导定语从句时在意义上是不同的：前者指的是与先行词相似的东西，但并非原物；而后者指的就是先行词本身。The knife in his hand is the same as I have lost.他手里的小刀和我丢失的那一把一样。(同一类型)The knife in his hand is _ I have lost.他手里的小刀就是我丢的那一把。(同一事物)the same that
