1、注意事项：山东省青岛市2021届高三英语下学期5月自主检测试题You can skip outdated science works, but not old literature / Edward Lytton19th-century British novelist and Parliamentarian Edward Lytton was a firm believer in the value of reading old literature.“In science, read, by preference, the newest works; in literature, the
2、oldest,” he wrote in his 1863essay collection Caxtoniana. “The classic literature is always modern. New books revive and1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读 （共两节，满分 50 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题
3、2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIf you have difficulty deciding on your book list, the following ideas shared by some great talents might help you out.Read books from eras past / Albert EinsteinKeeping up with current events and latest books from the bestseller list is a big job,
4、but Albert Einstein thought it was vital to leave some room for older works, too. Otherwise, youd be “completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times,” he wrote in a 1952 journal article.Dont jump too quickly from book to book / SenecaSeneca, a first-century Roman Stoic philosopher
5、, believed that reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you. “You must spend much time among a limited number of master thinkers, if you would gain ideas which shall win firm hold in your mind,” he wrote.Shop at secondhand bookstor
6、es / Virginia WoolfIn her essay Street Haunting, Virginia Woolf described the benefits of shopping in secondhand bookstores, where the works “have come together in vast flocks of various feather, and have a charm which the carefully chosen books of the library lack.”According to Woolf, looking throu
7、gh used books gives you the chance to come across something that wouldnt have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers, who are often much more selective in building their collections than secondhand bookstore owners.redecorate old ideas; old books suggest and inspire new ideas.”1. Who h
8、eld the idea that great works should be digested?A. Albert Einstein.B. Seneca.C. Virginia Woolf.D. Edward Lytton.2. What attracted Virginia Woolf to secondhand bookstores?A. A lower price.B. A wider range.C. A more careful collection.D. A better service.3. How did Edward Lytton find the classic lite
9、rature?A. Interesting.B. Outdated.C. Challenging.D. Valuable.BGuanmei, a 65-year-old woman of the Dong ethnic group, is the inheritor of the Grand Song of Dong (侗族大歌), a national intangible cultural heritage in China. Her hometown Zaidai Village in Guizhou, southwestern China, is home to the Grand S
10、ong of the Dong ethnic group.The Grand Song of Dong dates from more than 2,500 years ago. The way Dong singers use their vocal cords ( 声 带 ) is different from how formally trained singers do. It is a folk chorus with multi-parts, no conductor, and no accompaniment. Organically growing from their nat
11、ural surroundings, it is recognized internationally as “the sound of Nature.”Before the Dong people had a writing system in 1958，the Dong culture, their history and stories were all recorded by means of songs. As a Dong saying goes, “Rice feeds the body and songs enrich the soul”. The Dong people si
12、ng right from their childhood. While not singing, they all work in their rice field.Guanmei has been singing the Grand Song of Dong all her life, making her a famous singing teacher in her hometown and nearby areas. “The songs are our means of passing on wisdom, knowledge and life experiences to oth
13、ers. I will not exist in this world 100 years later, but Grand songs will. Im honored to do this job, ” Guanmei said.Kind-hearted, Guanmei has been volunteering to teach the Grand Song of Dong to the Dong children for over 30 years. Now she has more than 300 students. Guanmei is pleased to see the v
14、illage children come to her house willingly when they have free time.“Nowadays, more and more young people leave the village and settle in cities. Decades later, theDong children out of the village might know nothing about Grand songs. We should do something just now. Its our mission. What is once l
15、ost might be lost forever,” added Guanmei.4. What makes the Grand Song of Dong known as “the sound of Nature”?A. The outstanding conductor.B. The special musical instrument.C. The attractive natural environment.D. The inspiration from nature.5. What can we know about the Dong ethnic culture?A. The D
16、ong singers are professionals.B. The Dong culture before 1958 has been largely lost.C. Singing is of vital importance to the Dong people.D. They have a written language with a history of over 2,500 years.6. How does Guanmei feel about the future of Grand songs?A. Concerned.B. Sympathetic.C. Optimist
17、ic.D. Satisfied.7. Whats the authors main purpose in writing the passage?A. To call on young people to return to the Dong village.B. To guide the Dong children to learn the Grand Song of Dong.C. To show a womans efforts to keep the Dong culture alive.D. To instruct people to appreciate the Grand Son
18、g of Dong.COverly focusing on your goals may actually be counterproductive in the long run. Take it from an Olympic athlete.After Brenda Martinez, a US Olympic runner, lost her balance in the 800-meter run, she lost the race that would qualify her for the Olympics. Instead of focusing on her failure
19、, she prepared to win in the next race. “The track doesnt care about your feelings,” she told New York Magazine Intelligence. “Youve just got to move forward.” She did indeed move forward and ended up winning third place in the 1500-meter race a week later to qualify for the Olympics in Rio. Instead
20、 of attaching herself to the goal of making the Olympic team, she concentrated on the process.Researchers from Harvard found that overemphasizing goals based on measurable outcomes often leads to risk-taking, improper behavior and reduced motivation.When you become overly focused on achieving the go
21、al, you may lose sight of your original purpose for accomplishing the goal in the first place. Another danger is actually completing the goal without setting a plan for whats next. For example, some marathon runners experience whats calledthe “post-race blues”. Achieving your goal may cause you to d
22、rop the good habits that got you there in the first place.“After you set a goal, its best to shift your focus from the goal itself to the process that gives you the best chance of achieving it; and to judge yourself based on how well you manage that process,” columnist Brad Stulberg said.Ultimately,
23、 changing your mindset from goals to process will lead you to achieve small victories on your way to accomplishing long-term goals. It leaves you with a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment, regardless of the measurable outcome.8. What does the underlined word “counterproductive” in paragraph 1
24、mean?A. Influential.B. Harmful.C. Satisfying.D. Unpredictable.9. What does the writer want to tell us by referring to Brenda Martinezs story?A. The ways to deal with failure.B. The process matters more.C. Determination means a lot for an athlete.D. The consequence of making the right decision.10. Wh
25、y may some marathon runners experience the “post-race blues”?A. Because they are satisfied with their achievements.B. Because they havent gained what they want.C. Because they havent got a further plan.D. Because they lose sight of their original purpose.11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk
26、about?A. How to set a long-term goal.B. The way to realize your aim.C. The benefits of fixing on the process.D. How to shift your focus from goal to process.DA master of words, a literary genius and a philosopher, Russian author Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910) is known by many as the greatest writer of all
27、time. Even in 2020, 110 years after his death, his two greatest masterpieces, War and Peace and Anna Karenina, continue to be widely read, appreciated and highly influential.“If the world could write by itself, it would write like Tolstoy,” the Russian author Isaak Babel once said. Tolstoys realisti
28、c fiction is famous for its powers of observation and ability to mine the depths of human consciousness, such as the psychological exploration of a married woman in AnnaKarenina. In War and Peace, Tolstoy also describes Russias national soul and expresses public unity through his many characters. Hi
29、s characters feel alive; they grow, they change and they stick in the minds of readers long after the final page is turned.Tolstoys influence on literature is without comparison. Authors regularly mention his novels as their highest ambition, works that they could only dream of writing themselves. A
30、merican writer Francis Scott called Tolstoy the “greatest of all novelists” in his essay. He wrote, “from his first words, we can be sure of one thing at any rate here is a man who sees what we see, who proceeds, too, as we are accustomed to proceeding, not from the outside inwards but from the insi
31、de outwards.”“He defends fundamental values such as love, friendship and family relations. He gives positive answers to the questions mankind is asking. In this sense he gives more hope,” Tolstoys great-great grandson, Vladimir Ilyich Tolstoy, said.Tolstoys message of peace has even had an effect on
32、 the real world. He inspired the leader of Indias independence movement, Mahatma Ghandi, and his philosophy of non-violence over the course of a year in which they wrote letters to each other.12. What does the second paragraph intend to tell us?A. The writing style of Tolstoy.B. Tolstoys influence o
33、n other authors.C. The characters in Tolstoys works.D. The introduction to the greatest works of Tolstoy.13. Which words can best describe Tolstoy according to the passage?A. Humorous and caring.B. Determined and optimistic.C. Productive and hard-working.D. Insightful and peace-loving.14. How does t
34、he author introduce Tolstoy in this passage?A. By contrasting with other authors.B. By analyzing characteristics of his works.C. By quoting comments and opinions.D. By describing his deeds in life.15. Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Tolstoy and His WorksB. Tolstoys Life and Achievemen
35、tsC. War and Peace: a Great MasterpieceD. Tolstoy: a Writer Beyond Comparison第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The convenience plastic offers has led to a throw-away culture that reveals the materials dark side. Many of its products, such as plastic bags and fo
36、od wrappers, have a service life of mere minutes to hours. 16 Plastic has been the biggest threat to ocean life for decades. Sunlight, wind and wave action break down plastic waste to a certain extent, but it only succeeds in reducing it to smaller pieces.17 They spread throughout the water and have
37、 been found in every corner of the globe, affecting nearly 700 species, including endangered ones. 18 They range from birds to fish and to other marine animals. Most of the deaths to them are caused by starvation. Small pieces of plastic have been found in more than 100 marine species, including fis
38、h, shrimp, and some seashells. In many cases, these tiny bits pass through their stomachs. 19 Stomachs so packed with plastic reduce the urge to eat, making them die eventually.Tests have also confirmed cell damage and trouble with animals reproductive systems caused by plastic-eating. Some species,
39、 such as oysters, produce fewer eggs if they wrongly take too much plastic.Fortunately, solutions are being found. Many scientists agree the top priority is to prevent plastic waste from entering rivers and seas. 20 Better product design also should be taken into account, as well as the reduction in
40、 producing unnecessary single-use plastic products.A. Nearly every species of seabird eats plastics.B. This makes plastic waste even harder to notice.C. Millions of animals are killed by plastic every year.D. Some pieces have even been found blocking their organs.E. Half of all plastics ever produce
41、d have been made in the last 15 years.F. It could be done with improved waste management systems and recycling.G. However, they may remain in the environment for hundreds of years and cause a lot of harm.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A li
42、ttle girl has become famous in her neighborhood after drawing messages of hope on her familys garage door during lockdown (疫情封闭).Mom-of-two Christine has been letting her six-year-old daughter Eilidh turn their black shinygarage door into a 21 art project with chalk. Twice a week since April 2020, E
43、ilidh has let her imagination run 22 , covering the space with mermaids, dolphins, Spiderman, and dinosaurs. She has this week 23 it with a rainbow, flowers, and some 24 words. Eilidh has a little wooden chair she can stand on to help her 25 higher up, and her artist mom gives her 26 with things she
44、 needs.Her drawings came to peoples 27 , and an admiring fan club has begun leaving boxes of chocolates on their doorstep. 28 mom Christine said: “Whatever comes into her head she draws it 29 . It could be quite 30 . It depends on what is happening around her. She is just drawing outside to make peo
45、ple 31 .”Christine has already 32 one broom ( 扫 帚 ) by cleaning the garage. When it rains, thechalk is washed away, and Eilidh starts again 33 on the next dry day.21.A. formalB. usefulC. colorfulD. neat22.A. strangeB. wildC. madD. funny23.A. illustratedB. cleanedC. repairedD. performed24.A. luckyB.
46、encouragingC. awfulD. careful25.A. extendB. holdC. climbD. reach26.A. a handB. a liftC. a smileD. a word27.A. assistanceB. attentionC. discoveryD. impression28.A. AmbitiousB. FortunateC. ProudD. Puzzled29.A. reasonablyB. cautiouslyC. amusinglyD. vividly30.A. reliableB. randomC. interestingD. surpris
47、ing31.A. devotedB. occupiedC. curiousD. happy32.A. worn outB. tried outC. brought inD. given away33.A. with patienceB. in surpriseC. out of curiosityD. for leisure34.A. homeB. neighborhoodC. schoolD. work35.A. languageB. artC. scienceD. physicsEilidh is now loving being back at 34 as lockdown in Bri
48、tain eases. And one thing is for sure this little girl is no doubt superior in her 35 classes.第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Electric vehicles are better for the climate than gas-powered cars, but many Americans are still hesitant to buy them. One reason: the larger
49、upfront cost (前期成本).New data 36 (publish) Thursday shows that despite the higher sticker price, electric carsmay actually save drivers money in the long run.To reach this 37 (conclude), a team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology calculated both the carbon dioxide emissions 38 full lifetime
50、cost including purchase price, maintenance and fuel for nearly every new car model on the market. They found electric cars were39 (easy) more climate friendly than gas-burning ones. Over a lifetime, they were often 40 (cheap), too.Climate scientists say vehicle electrification is one of the best way
51、s 41 (reduce) planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions. In the United States, the transportation sector is the largest source of emissions, most of 42 come from cars and trucks.Jessika Trancik, 43 associate professor of energy studies at M.I.T. who led the research,44 (say) the data would “help peopl
52、e learn about how those upfront costs are spread over the lifetime of the car.” For electric cars, lower costs of maintenance and charging compared 45 gasoline prices tend to offset (抵消) the higher upfront price over time.第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分）假定你是李华，你校将在端午节期间组织一次去敬老院的志愿者活动。请用英语给你校外国留学生写一
53、个通知，内容包括：1. 活动时间、地点；2. 活动内容。注意:1. 词数 80 左右;2. 请在答题卡相应位置作答。第二节（满分 25 分）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。With two full bags of cat food in her arms, Lila couldnt stop smiling as she walked toward the familiar shop on the corner. She was making her weekly visit to see Hussein, the barber. He spot
54、ted her through the picture window of his quiet shop and burst through the door into the sunlight, stretching his arms wide with a Turkish greeting. The two hurried over to the tiny food dishes lined up in the street corner and soon several cats began to appear.Hussein took most of his spare time in
55、 the street, patting each cat and speaking softly. Lila had been leading a volunteer animal rescue program in Turkey for the last three years and often reported relevant stories on her website.As the two finished up and made their way back, Husseins smile faded and Lila noticed he was beginning to l
56、ook rather thin, so she asked him what was the matter. Hesitating for a while, Hussein said, “I am afraid I will lose this barbershop.” Days before, Hussein was told that he must close the shop in two weeks. The landlord thought he couldnt pay enough rent and invited another tenant ( 租户), one who wo
57、uldnt feed cats outside all the time, but focus more on his business.“As for me, I can find a job to earn a living. What Im really worried about are the cats. Closing this shop, I wont have enough time and money to take care of them.” Hussein sighed deeply. Lilas eyes began to flood as Hussein expre
58、ssed his worry. “Havent you thought about opening a new barbershop?” Lila asked. “But the storefronts ( 门头房) nearby are too expensive and the ones far away are not available for me to take care of the cats.” Hussein said helplessly.There were only seven days before Hussein left the shop. Lila feared
59、 for his very survival and for that of the animals who depended on him. She realized that she should do something.注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Lila posted Husseins story on her website.In less than a month, Hussein was back in business again in his new shop.青岛市2021年高三自主检测英语参考答案2021.05第一部
60、分 阅读 （共两节，满分 50 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）1-3 BBD4-7 DCAC8-11 BBCC12-15 ADCD第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）16-20 GBCDF第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每题 1 分， 满分 15 分）21-25 CBABD26-30 ABCDB31-35 DAACB第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）36. published37. conclusion38. and39. easily40. cheaper41.
61、 to reduce / of reducing42. which43. an44. said45. with / to第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分）（参考答案略） 评分原则：第七档：极优(15 分)： 书写规范；覆盖所有要点，内容充实；语法结构多样，词汇丰富，行文流畅，有修辞意识。第六档：优秀(12-14 分) ： 紧扣主题，覆盖所有要点，内容充实；语法结构多样，词汇丰富，行文较为流畅，显示出较强的语言运用能力；允许有个别语法错误，但不影响表达。 第五档：良好(9-11 分)： 紧扣主题，覆盖所有要点，内容较充实；语言有少量错误，但基本不影响表达。第四档：
62、一般(6-8 分)： 紧扣主题，基本覆盖所有要点，能够表达基本内容；语言错误已影响了部分意义的表达，但多数句子基本正确,基本达到预期的写作目的。 第三档：较差（3-5）： 内容不完整，要点不全，行文不连贯；语言错误（尤其是大错）较多，正确句子较少。第二档：差（1-2 分）： 内容混乱，或主要内容偏离主题；只能够写出少数与内容相关的可读句。第一档：极差（0 分）： 只能写出与内容相关的词语，没有有效信息；抄写其他文章，或所写内容与作文无关。 第二节（满分 25 分）（参考答案略）一、评分总原则： 1. 本题总分为 25 分，按七个档次进行评分。 2. 评分时，主要从内容、语言表达和篇章结构三个方
63、面考虑，具体为： （1） 续写内容的质量、完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度； （2） 使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性； （3） 上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。 3. 评分时，先根据作答的内容和语言的整体情况初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 4. 评分时还应注意： （1） 词数少于 120 的，酌情扣减 2-3 分； （2） 书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。 （3） 单词拼写与标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑， 英、美拼写和词汇用法均可。 二、各档次的给分范围和要求 档次 描述 第七档（22-25分）
64、 1. 创造性的撰写出合理、新颖、丰富的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高； 2. 使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解； 3. 自然有效地使用了段落间和语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。 第六档 （18-21分） 1. 创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，较有逻辑性，续写较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高； 2. 使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误但不影响理解； 3. 较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 第五档 （15-17分） 1. 创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整
65、，与原文情境相关； 2. 使用了较恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达方式不够多样性，表达有些许错误，但基本不影响理解； 3. 使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义基本连贯。 第四档 （11-14分） 1. 创造了基本完整的叙述内容，但部分情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关； 2. 使用了简单的语法结构和词汇，有部分语言错误或不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解； 3. 有一定语句衔接意识，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。 第三档 （6-10分） 1. 内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不完整，与原文有一定程度脱节； 2. 所用词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解； 3. 未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。 第二档 （1-5 分） 1. 内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境节本脱节； 2. 所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误较多，严重影响理解； 3. 几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。 第一档 （0 分） 未作答；所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。
