1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 2Onwards and upwardsUsing language语法精讲深化学习动名词与不定式作宾语(-ing and to-infinitive as object)观察上面对话, 并完成句子。1. Its a pay day, and they are waiting to be paid(pay). 2. No matter how hard it is, well keep trying(try) until we make it. 一、动名词作宾语
2、1. 动名词可以跟在动词后面作宾语。 常见的只能接动名词不能接不定式作宾语的动词有: 表示“建议”“完成”“推迟”和“想象”: suggest, finish, postpone, delay, imagine表示“需要”“承认”“介意”和“原谅”: require, admit, mind, pardon, excuse表示“避免”“冒险”“练”“逃”和“错过”: avoid, risk, practice, escape, miss表示“允许”“考虑”“理解”“喜欢”和“欣赏”: allow, permit, consider, understand, enjoy, appreciate*
3、I dont like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio. 我不喜欢看电视, 但是喜欢听收音机。*He tried to avoid answering my questions. 他试图对我的问题避而不答。2. 动名词作介词宾语常用在动词短语后。insist on, keep on, get used to, see to, pay attention to, take to, give up, aim at, believe in, be engaged in, care for, accuse. . . of,
4、put off, prevent. . . from, thank. . . for, devote. . . to, depend on, set about, be fond of, be tired of, succeed in, be keen on, worry about, apologize for, feel like, dream of, lead to, be worth*He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。*Its quite hot today. Do you feel like going for
5、a swim? 今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗? 动词-ing的复合结构作宾语(1)形容词性物主代词+动词-ing(2)人称代词宾格+动词-ing(3)名词所有格+动词-ing(4)名词+动词-ingWould you mind my/me using your cell phone? 你介意我用你的手机吗? I knew nothing about the window being open. 我一点儿也不知道窗户开着。【巧学助记】只能接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)口诀完成实践值得忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy)继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be us
6、ed to, give up)考虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, cant help, feel like)喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)语法填空。(1)Young people may risk going (go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. (2)Have you finished writing (write) your composition? Not yet. (3)The foreign friends are looking forward to being
7、 shown (show) around our school. (4)I used to practice speaking (speak) English every morning at university. (5)I dont agree this is of poor quality. For a start, it is a book well worth reading (read). 二、不定式作宾语1. 只能以不定式作宾语, 而不能以动名词作宾语的动词有: (“希望”干)wish, hope, expect, long, desire; (早“打算”)plan, mean,
8、 prepare, attempt, intend; (“同意”“否”)agree, consent, refuse, decline; (“寻”“问”看)seek, ask, beg; (“选”“定”了)choose, decide, determine, promise; (“尽”“自愿”)manage, volunteer, tend; (“称”“失败”)claim, fail; (“敢”“假装”)dare, pretend*The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没有及时看到另一辆车。*China hopes to promo
9、te the ties with Angola to a new stage. 中国希望把和安哥拉的关系推向新的阶段。2. 可用于“动词+it+形容词/名词+to do sth. ”结构中的动词有feel, find, make, think, believe, consider等。*They all feel it very hard to learn English. 他们都认为学英语很难。3. 有些介词后也可以接不定式作宾语, 如介词but, about, except等。*This girl had no choice but to wait. 这个女孩除了等待别无选择。【巧学助记】只
10、能接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)口诀决定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事【知识延伸】动词不定式作宾语, 通常有三种形式: (1)一般式: 动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生, 或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时, 用主动形式( to do); 当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时, 用被动形式( to be done)。*He appears to be very happy. 他看起来很高兴。*He refused to be photographed. 他拒绝让人拍照。(2)进
11、行式: 动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生, 并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。*When I came in, he pretended to be sleeping. 当我进来时, 他假装正在睡觉。*It happened to be raining when I got there. 我到达那里的时候, 碰巧在下雨。(3)完成式: 动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。*He seems to have cut off the water supply. 他
12、好像已切断了供水。语法填空。(1)I had hoped to send (send) him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage, but I didnt manage it. (2)There seemed nothing left to do but send(send) for the doctor. (3)Having failed in the driving test twice, he decided not to take (not take) it again. (4)If you want to go (go) w
13、ith us, you should be ready by eight oclock. (5)He gave us some advice on how to learn(learn) English. 三、接动词不定式/动词-ing 形式意义差别大的动词(短语)*Please remember to give my best regards to your family. 请记着代我向你的家人问好。*I still remember visiting the museum for the first time. 我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。*He tried to control hi
14、s voice. 他尽量控制住自己的声音。*They decided they would try living in America for a while. 他们决定在美国住一段时间试试。在need, require, want(表”需要”)等动词的后面可接动词-ing形式作宾语(用主动形式表示被动含义), 也可接动词不定式的被动式作宾语。语法填空。(1)The teacher regretted to tell (tell) Tom he didnt pass the exam, and Tom regretted not studying (study)hard. (2)I remem
15、bered to lock (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn (turn) off the lights. (3)After he finished doing (do) maths homework, he went on to write (write) a composition. (4)Im determined to solve this mystery even if it means traveling (travel) to New York by myself. (5)The condit
16、ion of this car is so serious. It really needs repairing/to be repaired (repair) before driving on the road again. 使用本单元所学动名词和不定式的相关知识, 结合中文提示补全短文。Mr Zhang is a successful businessman in our city. When he was fifteen years old, his family was so poor that he had to (1)quit studying(退学) at school. To
17、 help support his family, he did lots of part-time jobs. Later, he (2)happened to save(碰巧挽救了) a wealthy businessman. The businessman (3)promised to reward (许诺奖励)him. Mr Zhang told him that he (4)wanted to set up his own business(想创办自己的公司). Hearing what Mr Zhang said, the businessman (5)agreed to len
18、d him a hand(同意帮他一把). Mr Zhangs company was set up in 2000. Little by little, he earned a lot of money and became wealthy. He always (6)regrets leaving(后悔离开) school at a young age, so he (7)decided to give away his money (决定捐赠他的钱)to those children whose families were poor. Since then, Mr Zhang has (
19、8)devoted himself to helping (致力于帮助)those in trouble. Up to now, he has given away ten million yuan to charities. Although Mr Zhang is now in his sixties, he doesnt plan to (9)stop working(停止工作). And he (10)hopes to earn more money (希望挣更多的钱)to help more people. 主题活动话题实践. 话题词汇1. look on the bright si
20、de (对坏情况)持乐观态度, 看到光明的一面2. not lift a finger一点忙也不帮, 油瓶倒了都不扶 3. a wet blanket扫兴的人或物 4. an eager beaver干活特别卖力的人, 对工作极有热忱的人5. drag ones feet故意拖拉, 故意拖延6. turn over a new leaf改恶从善, 重新做人7. as cool as a cucumber镇定自若8. be made up of由组成9. ups and downs盛衰, 浮沉, 苦乐10. lend sb. an ear倾听某人. 话题情境根据情境和提示完成对话。1. A: E
21、xcuse me. Hows your sons maths going? B: Not very well, but I havent lifted a finger(一点忙也帮不上)2. A: Lets go outing tomorrow, shall we? B: Im sorry, Ill stay at home and watch TV. A: Come on, dont be such a wet blanket(扫兴的人). 3. A: What do you think of Mike? B: He is an eager beaver(对工作极有热忱的人) but he
22、is not very organized. 4. A: Tom is always late for school. B: Thats too bad. He needs to turn over a new leaf(改恶从善). 5. A: The exam is coming. Im feeling a little anxious. B: You should be as cool as a cucumber(镇定自若) because you are always working hard. . 情境句式1. Are you OK? 你还好吗? 2. I dont mean to
23、be nosy, but are you sure? 我不想多管闲事, 但是你确定吗? 3. Why dont you tell me whats up? 你为什么不告诉我发生了什么事? 4. Im sure you did your best. 我确信你尽力了。5. You should be proud of yourself. 你应该以你自己为豪。6. Why are you so upset? 你为什么如此难过? 7. I know this is hard for you, but you should cheer up. 我知道这对你来说很难, 但你应该振作起来。. 情境交流在放学
24、回家的路上Kate看起来很难过, Mike关切地询问发生了什么事。Mike: Are you OK? 1. Why are you so upset(你为什么如此难过)? Kate: Im all right. Dont worry about me. Mike: 2. Why dont you tell me whats up(你为什么不告诉我发生了什么事)? Perhaps I can help you with it. Kate: You cant lift a finger. I havent done well in the maths exam. Mike: You mean you have failed in the maths exam? Kate: No, but Im not satisfied with the result. Mike: I know this is hard for you, but 3. you should cheer up(你应该振作起来). Im sure 4. you did your best(你尽力了). Kate: Thank you for comforting me. 关闭Word文档返回原板块
