1、必修|Unit 1Lifestyles(一)阅读词汇明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1questionnaire n问卷；调查表2couch n. 长沙发，睡椅3document n. 公文，文件4studio n. 演播室；工作室5minus adj. 零下，负6presentation n. 表演；展示7accountant n. 会计，会计师 8forecast n. 预报；预测第二组：写其形1matter vi. 要紧，有重大关系2partner n. 合作者，搭档3peaceful adj. 平静的；和平的4suppose vt. 认为，猜想5complain vi. 抱怨；投诉6swi
2、tch vt. 转换，转变7lifestyle n. 生活方式8remote adj. 遥远的9diet_n. 饮食；节食10urgent_adj. 急迫的，紧急的11classical_adj. 古典的12bored adj. 厌烦的，不感兴趣的13pressure n. 压力14reduce vt. 减少；降低15stand vt. 忍耐，忍受16graduate_vi. 毕业17support_vt.& n. 支持；支撑18design n& vt. 设计19solve vt. 解决；解答20crowded_adj. 拥挤的21otherwise adv. 否则；另外(二)表达词汇晓其变
3、、通其用1relaxing adj.轻松的，放松的relax vt.& vi.放松relaxed adj.松懈的；放松的2stress n压力stressful adj.充满压力的，紧张的stressed adj.焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的pressure n压力(同义词)3suffer vi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛suffering n痛苦，苦难sufferer n受苦者，受难者；患者4organise vt.组织organisation n组织organiser n组织者5advertisement n广告advertise v做广告advertiser n登广告的人；广告商6formal a
4、dj.正式的，合礼仪的informal adj.非正式的7prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿preference n喜好；偏爱8volunteer n志愿者 vt.& vi.自愿去做voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的9challenge n挑战 vt.向挑战challenging adj.有挑战性的(三)常用短语多积累、准运用1switch_on/off/over把开关打开/关闭/转换频道，转变2take_up 占据；开始从事；拿起3be_filled_with 充满着4suffer_from 忍受，遭受5play_a_role/part_in 在中起作用6make_sure 弄清，查明
5、7as_a_result 结果8come_up_with 追上，赶上；想出，找到9look_forward_to 盼望，期望10as_well_as 除之外还；和11make_a_difference 有影响；起作用12go_off (铃、爆竹等)响13get_changed 换衣服，更衣14at_the_moment 此刻，目前(四)经典句式明特点、会仿用1while引导并列句，表转折对比悟原句I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.背佳句(2
6、020新高考全国卷满分作文)Very soon the children were busy popping the corn, while their mother went out to buy the paper bags.2.the序数词名词to do sth.悟原句I am always the first person to get to the office. 背佳句(2019全国卷满分作文)I can speak fluent English and I am the first student in my class to go abroad for further stud
7、y.3.so . that .引导结果状语从句悟原句Usually, its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.背佳句(2020全国卷满分作文)She is so patient with each student that we all like her.4.the same . that .“和一样”悟原句We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.背佳句(2019北京高考满分作文)Last week I took part in a far
8、mwork programme in the suburbs and worked in the same farm that I visited last year.1.“盼望，期待”短语集汇look forward tolong for/to dohope for/to dobe eager forbe dying for/to dodesire to do 2.“get过去分词”常考短语大全get dressed穿好衣服get hurt 受伤get lost 迷路get arrested 被捕get married 结婚get promoted 升职3.好“事”多磨matter事情，问题
9、incident 事件business 生意，事情affair 事务，私事issue 问题，事情event 事件，大事4.“支持，拥护”家族support vt.支持；拥护back vt. 支持advocate vt. 提倡；拥护stand by/for 支持in favour of 支持，赞同vote for 投票支持.用所给词的适当形式填空1Suppose/Supposing (suppose) we fail, what shall we do next?2After my graduation (graduate), Dads business was getting back on
10、track.3Volunteers (voluntary) came with carloads of donated clothing and toys.4The walk in the morning before I went to work was a quiet, peaceful (peace) time to gather my thoughts.5In a way, challenges are good for developing our strong characters and I like doing challenging work.(challenge)6I ca
11、nt stand you being_laughed (laugh) at in public for such a thing.7When talking about my sons reading preference,_I think he prefers science books.(prefer)8The old man went through a lot of sufferings in the old days.Whats worse, he suffered from heart attack when he was in his eighties.(suffer)9Afte
12、r a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress.(stress)10Generally speaking, we feel relaxed while listening to some relaxing music.(relax).介、副词填空1We havent a fridge and the milk goes off within a day in h
13、ot weather.2When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language?3We look forward to working with you to establish longterm business partnership.4Many people suffer_from serious sleep deprivation caused by long work hours.5As we grow older we come to realize that life is filled with challenges
14、.6Tell the boy to switch_off all lights as he leaves the room.7I cant go to the new sports shop with you because Im as busy as a bee at the moment.8She couldnt come up with a solution to the problem, so she turned to me for help.选词填空1suffer/suffer fromIt is likely that you could suffer_from bad heal
15、th if you keep smoking.Drought continues to annoy many parts of China，with tens of thousands suffering water shortages and millions of others affected.2come up/come up withThe question whether the middle school students should use smartphones_came_up at the class meeting.No one has_come_up_with a co
16、nvincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out.写出加蓝部分在语境中的含义1I did not think he was right, so I challenged him. 质疑2Can you give some examples to support your argument？ 证实3Shes not intending to stand at the next election. 竞选；参选4Matter can change from one state to another. 物质The doctor asked what was
17、the matter with you. 毛病He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later.Its just a matter of time. 问题It doesnt matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing both roads lead to the park. 要紧，有重大关系5This weekend party was designed to bring the two leaders together. 计划She arrived just as w
18、e were leaving, but whether this was by accident or by design, I was not sure. 安排This kind of wallpaper comes in a huge range of colours and designs. 图案The design of the building is well matched in colour.设计.完成句子1This is the_same_bike_that I lost the other day.(the same . that .)这是我前几天丢的那辆自行车。2Dalia
19、n is such_an_attractive_place_that lots of tourists visit the city every year.(such .that .)大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客前来观光旅游。3Who_do_you_think the police are going to believe if I tell them that you did it？(do you think 用作插入语)如果我告诉警察是你做的，你认为他们会相信谁？4Some people enjoy playing different sports while_othe
20、rs_just_enjoy_watching_them.(while)一些人喜欢从事不同的运动，然而另一些人只喜欢观看他们。5In 2015，Tu Youyou became the_first_Chinese_woman_scientist_to_win the Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering artemisinin.(the序数词名词to do sth.)2015年，屠呦呦因发现青蒿素成为首位获得诺贝尔医学奖的中国女科学家。1matter vi.要紧，重要；有重大关系n.物质；问题；事情单句语法填空(2019江苏高考)Why does it
21、matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?Is the global warming a matter of life and death to mankind?完成句子I got up late today. To_make_matters_worse/Whats_worse,_I got stuck in a traffic jam.今天我起晚了。更糟糕的是，我还遇到了交通堵塞。(2018江苏高考书面表达)As_a_matter_of_fact,_the consumption ratings also
22、 have their defects to some extent.事实上，消费排名也有一定的缺陷。归纳法记牢(1)It matters/doesnt matter (to sb.)主语从句(对某人来说)有关系，重要/没关系，不重要(2)a matter of .一个的问题as a matter of fact 事实上；实际上to make matters worsewhats worse更糟糕的是 2suppose v理解；认为，猜想；假想；设想单句语法填空Suppose/Supposing (suppose) it were fine tomorrow, would you go swi
23、mming with us?Wearing something new is supposed to_represent (represent) success and hope in the brides new life and in her marriage.We suppose Peter to_be (be) the best designer in our company.You are late again. You are supposed to_have_arrived (arrive) here five minutes earlier.归纳法记牢(1)suppose/su
24、pposing (that) 假定/假如(2)be supposed to do . 应该做某事be supposed to be . 被认为是be supposed to have done . (should have done .ought to have done .) 本应该做某事(实际未做) 3complain vi.抱怨；投诉(1)complain that .抱怨complain (to sb.) about/of sth. (向某人)抱怨某事complain against/about sth. 抱怨/投诉某事(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉make a compl
25、aint against/about 投诉演绎法练通单句语法填空/同义句改写I am now writing to complain against/about the service of your hotel.The police received several complaints (complain) about the noise from the party.She complained that her work was too hard.(改为简单句)She_complained_of/about_her_work_being_too_hard.4prefer vt.更喜欢；
26、宁愿(1)prefer doing/to do sth.更喜欢做某事prefer sth.to sth. 喜欢某物胜过某物prefer sb.to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事(2)prefer doing . to doing .prefer to do . rather than do .would do . rather than do .would rather do . than do . 宁愿做而不愿做(3)preference n. 喜爱，偏爱have a preference for . 偏爱演绎法练通单句语法填空Many people prefer living in th
27、e country to living in the city.A teacher should not have a preference (prefer) for any one of his pupils.(2019天津高考书面表达)The reason why I prefer to_listen/listening (listen) to western music is that the piece of music named Fate Symphony by Beethoven has inspired me a lot to move on when I am in diff
28、iculty.一句多译她宁愿步行去上班也不愿开车。She_would_rather_walk_to_work_than_drive_a_car. (would rather do . than do .)She_would_walk_to_work_rather_than_drive_a_car. (would do . rather than do .)She_prefers_to_walk_to_work_rather_than_drive_a_car. (prefer to do .rather than do .)名师指津(1)preferlike better，因此不能和比较级连用。
29、(2)prefer的过去式和过去分词均为preferred, 现在分词为preferring。5stand vt.忍耐，忍受；承受 n看台；货摊；立场wont/couldnt stand/tolerate/bear sb.doing sth.绝不容忍某人做某事stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观stand aside 站到一边stand on ones feet 站起来；自立；不依靠他人stand for 代表；象征；主张；支持；容忍stand out 突出；显眼；杰出演绎法练通介、副词填空In China, the Chinese knots stand for friendship, lo
30、ve and good luck.Stand aside and let the ambulance pass first!Good Heavens! How could you stand by and allow such a thing to happen!After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response.The old man could hardly stand on his feet in
31、the strong storm. 完成句子(2018全国卷书面表达)Chinese parents wont_stand/tolerate/bear_their_children_knocking_bowls with chopsticks when having dinner.中国的父母是不容许他们的孩子在就餐时用筷子敲碗的。名师指津stand用作及物动词表示“忍耐，忍受，容忍”时，多用于否定句，常与情态动词连用，不用于进行时态；后接动词时，要用其动名词形式作宾语。6support vt.& n支持；支撑单句语法填空We support the police wholeheartedly
32、in their work against crime.With his wifes support, Mr Wang contributed a lot of money to the people in the stricken area.When he was about to give up the struggle, his companions came to his support.句型转换Some experts have spoken to support the ban of smoking in public places.Some experts have spoken
33、 in_support_of the ban of smoking in public places.(1)support sb.in (doing) sth.在某方面支持某人(做)某事(2)come to ones support 来支持某人with ones support 在某人的支持下in support of sb./sth. 支持或拥护某人/某事归纳法记牢 7design vt.设计；计划；构思n.设计；图案；构思单句语法填空(2020天津高考书面表达)The rite is designed to_make(make) us understand maturity and a s
34、ense of responsibility. The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or by design?句式升级The project, which was designed to help the students in need, didnt work out as planned.The project, designed_to_help_the_students_in_need,_di
35、dnt work out as planned.(分词作定语)归纳法记牢(1)design sb.to do sth.打算让某人从事某事be designed for/to do sth. 旨在；打算被用来做某事(2)by design 故意地；蓄意地联想发散表示“故意地”与“偶然地”的词语小结：故意地by designon purposedeliberately偶然地by chanceby accidentaccidentally8suffer vi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛vt.遭受，蒙受，经历完成句子Reading fiction helps those who do not suffer
36、_from_loneliness to understand lonely people.阅读小说可以帮助那些不受孤独之苦的人理解孤独的人。If that were true, both companies would suffer_great_loss. 如果那是真的，双方公司都将蒙受巨大的损失。Many of his novels have described the_sufferings_of_his_race. 他在很多小说中描述了他的种族所遭受的种种苦难。归纳法记牢(1)suffer from遭受，忍受；患病suffer loss/pain/hardship/defeat .遭受损失
37、/痛苦/困苦/失败等(2)suffering n. U痛苦；C苦难名师指津(1)suffer vt.“遭受；蒙受”，后常接pain, loss, defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, damage等抽象名词作宾语。如句。(2)suffer vi.后常接from，表示“受折磨；受之苦；患某种疾病”。如句。1go off(铃、爆竹等)响；爆炸；离开；(食物等)变质；(电灯)熄灭；(电)中断；不再喜欢；(质量)下降go against违背；违反go by 逝去；过去go over 复习；仔细检查go after 追逐；追求go through
38、经历；检查；用完；(法案等)通过go out 出去；(灯)熄灭演绎法练通用go的相关短语填空The alarm went_off but I turned over and went back to sleep.If you go_against nature, it will punish you.They were always ready to go_through fire and water for their motherland.Being a winner doesnt mean youll always get everything you want, but it does
39、 mean youll go_after your goals in ways that are reliable.2take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间、物品等)；占据(空间) 辨析法理清辨清楚写出下列句中take up的含义Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受He took up the telephone and called his mother.拿起We tried to find a table for seven, but they we
40、re all taken up.占据Let me sum up the last lesson; after that we take up a new lesson.继续After he retired from office, my father took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.开始从事理明白take的相关短语归纳take away 拿走；夺走take down 写下，记下；拆卸take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收留take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功take on 接纳；雇用；呈现；承担take ove
41、r 夺取；接替；接管针对训练选用上述短语填空He witnessed to having seen the man take_away the case. When Mr Green retired, his son took_over the business from him.In the past few years, the village has taken_on a new look.You have to learn to take_down the key points even though you dont take them in.词汇升级He didnt underst
42、and what he read because his mind was focused on something else.(升级加黑词汇)He didnt take_in what he read because his mind was focused on something else.3come up with 提出；想出；赶上介、副词填空Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came up with a solution to it.The plan of protecting the environme
43、nt came up at the meeting last year.When it comes to students surfing the Internet, some people think students can benefit from it.When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I hadnt seen for years.归纳法记牢come up被提出；走近；上来；发芽come about 发生come out 出版；出来；出现；结果是come across (偶然)遇见；发现；被理解when it
44、 comes to . 当谈到时名师指津come up的主语是物，表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”，而come up with的主语是人或团体组织，表示“(某人)提出”。如句。4so .that .“如此以至于”Usually, its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.它(地铁)通常很拥挤，以至于我找不到坐的地方。用法规则(1)so . that .“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。其基本句型结构： (2)such . that .“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。其基本句型结构：注意事项(1)当名词前面有many, much, fe
45、w, little等表示数量多少的限定词时，应该用so，而不能用such。例如：There are so many flowers that I dont know which I will pick.(2)当“so形容词/副词”及“such .”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。例如：So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.Such a nice man did he seem that we all believe him.针对训练选词填空：so, suchHe earned_so little money that he coul
46、dnt support his family.He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.句型转换/翻译句子He was so responsible a teacher that we were all deeply moved.He was such_a_responsible_teacher_that we were all deeply moved.5the same . that . “和一样”We dont have the_same work hours that office wo
47、rkers in the city have.我们和城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。用法规则(1)the same (.) that .意为“和一样”，定语从句中that所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。(2)the same (.) as .意为“和一样，和相似”，定语从句中as所指代的人或物与先行词是同一类。注意事项在the same .that .句型中，先行词之前有the same作定语时，引导定语从句的关系词只能用that或as。针对训练单句语法填空This is the same smartphone that/as I bought the other day.(2018全国
48、卷书面表达)As for sports, I have the same hobbies_as_ you. We all enjoy rope skipping.完成句子She has the_same_golden_hair_and_blue_eyes_as her mother has.她和她母亲一样有着金黄色的头发和蓝色的眼睛。一、在考题集训中查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空 1(2019北京高考)Regardless of the weather or the distance (distant), Paul Wilson will make sure lowincome stude
49、nts in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.2(2019全国卷)Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard.3(2019天津高考)A dramatic_presentation (present) of the topic no more than 10 minutes long.4(2019
50、全国卷)In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers (voluntary) type the word“touch” four times using the smart keyboard.(二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2020新高考全国卷)Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. 地位词类活用(2020新高考全国卷)Jennifer is a firstgenerati
51、on graduate and an inspiration to her family and thats pretty powerful.n. 毕业生生词僻义(2020浙江高考)In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. 转换(三)高考中的完形填空1(2019全国卷)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain
52、in Africa. They bring with them lots of waste. The _42_ might damage the beauty of the place.AstoriesBbuildingsCcrowds Dreporters解析：选C根据上文中的“40,000 people”可知，此处指登山人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。crowd“人群”，符合语境。story“故事”；building“建筑物”；reporter“记者”。2(2019全国卷)“Its good to know theres still someone out there who _56_ eno
53、ugh to go to that kind of trouble，” says Lisa of Ehlers rescue effort.Acares BseesCsuffers Dlearns解析：选A此处表示很高兴知道仍然有人非常关心(cares)一条狗。suffer“蒙受，遭受”，不符合语境。(四)高考中的写作1(2020新高考全国卷书面表达)When_he_found_that_it_was_all_to_be_his,_he_was_so_delighted_that_he_could_hardly_speak,_but_his_bright_smiling_face_spoke_
54、for_him. (so .that .)当他发现这一切都是他的时，他高兴得几乎说不出话来，但他那明亮的笑脸代表了他的意思。2(2019北京高考书面表达)Our_teacher_stressed_the_importance_of_working_with_our_own_hands. (stress)我们老师强调了用自己的双手工作的重要性。3(2018全国卷书面表达)As_is_known_to_all,_study_takes_up_most_of_our_time,_so_its_necessary_for_us_to_do_sports. (take up)众所周知，学习占据了我们大部
55、分的时间，所以我们有必要做运动。二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇benefitsettle favour pressure bear balance recover delicious comfortablepositive determined diligent confident generous severe cure sufferingobesity diet slimmer be keen on break up be crazy about burst into laughterput on weight have a taste for be in low spirits aband
56、on oneself to have words with take regular exercise 练中巩固.单句语法填空1I like the place.The house is comfortable (comfort) to live in; besides, the surroundings are satisfying.2He was confident (confidence) that he would be admitted to the famous university.3The determined (determine) look on his face show
57、ed that he had enough confidence in himself.4In my view, high school students should have a balanced (balance) diet and eat more fruit.5Though her relatives didnt think she could live for three months, the old doctor finally cured her of her disease.完成句子1It appears to me that he has_a_taste_for_musi
58、c.我觉得他似乎对音乐有兴趣。2With nothing to say, the landlord then_came_home_in_low_spirits.地主无话可说，于是神情沮丧地回家了。3He dare_not_have_words_with_me because I have something on him.他不敢与我吵嘴，因为我手里抓着他的把柄。4Under no circumstances will he abandon_himself_to this sort of pleasures.任何时候他都不会沉溺于这类的娱乐当中。5You risk heart disease if you are overweight and_dont_take_regular_exercise.你如果超重又不经常锻炼，就有可能患心脏病。
