1、课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点平行修辞法平行修辞法一般由二项或二项以上的词语或句子构成，其并列的结构相同或类似，意义相关，语气连贯，使得句子流畅、富有节奏感。常用的标志词有and, or, than, not.but., not only.but also., while, neither.nor.等。一、好句欣赏1Whether in class, at work, or at home, James was always busy.无论是在课堂上，在工作中，还是在家里，詹姆斯总是很忙。2For success in life, one needs to pursue his goal w
2、ith determination and perseverance.人生的成功，需要个人有决心和毅力去追求自己的目标。3My face is washed, my hair is combed and my teeth are brusheD我洗了脸，梳理了头发，并刷了牙。4My parents did not approve of what I did nor what I saiD我父母不赞成我所做的，也不赞成我所说的。5My fellow citizens, not ask what your country can do for you, but ask what you can d
3、o for your country.同胞们，不要问国家能为你们做些什么，而要问你们能为国家做些什么。6How you live your life is more important than how many millions you have.如何度过一生要比你有多少财富更重要。二、小试牛刀1What counts isnt_how_you_look_but how you behave.重要的不是你的外表，而是你的行为。2You may respond by calling,_visiting_or_emailing您可以通过打电话、拜访或发电子邮件回复。3Mother was ver
4、y busy gathering the laundry, dusting_the_furniture_and_washing_the_dishes母亲正忙着收拾要洗的衣服，掸去家具上的灰尘和洗碗。4They offer food,_water_and_clothes to the people in the earthquakestricken areA他们向地震灾区的人们提供食物、水和衣物。5Nancy read a book while_Joe_watched_television南希看书而乔在看电视。6This is not only just what I wanted, but_a
5、lso_just_what_I_needed这不仅是我想要的，也是我需要的。.阅读理解A 语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会历史事件一本记录伦敦大瘟疫的书In the winter of 16641665，the bitter cold fell on London in the days before 25 December.Above the city，an unusually bright comet (彗星) shot across the sky，exciting much prediction of a snowstorm.Outside the city wall，a womans
6、death was announced and she died of a disease that was spreading in that areAHer house was locked up.Following that，the virus that had killed the woman would go on to kill nearly 100，000 people living in and around Londonalmost a third of those who did not flee.In The Creat Plague(瘟疫)：The Story of L
7、ondons Most Deadly Year，historian ALloyd Moote and microbiologist Dorothy CMoote provide a deeply informed account of this plague year.Reading the book，readers are taken from the palaces of the citys wealthiest citizens to the poor areas where the vast majority of Londoners were living，and to the su
8、rrounding countryside.The Mootes point out that，even at the height of the plague，the city did not fall into chaos.Doctors and nurses remained in the city to care for the sick；city officials tried their best to fight the crisis with all the legal tools；and commerce continued even as businesses shut d
9、own.To describe life and death in and around London，the authors focus on the experiences of nine individuals.Through their letters and diaries，the Mootes offer fresh descriptions of key issues in the history of the Great Plague：how different communities understood and experienced the disease；how med
10、ical and government bodies reacted；how well the social order held together；the economic and moral dilemmas people faced when debating whether to flee the city；and the nature of the material，social，and spiritual resources supporting those who remaineDBased on humanity (人性)，the authors offer a masterf
11、ul portrait of a city and its inhabitants who were attacked by and daringly resisted unimaginable horror.文章大意：本文主要介绍了The Great Plague：The Story of Londons Most Deadly Year这本书的主要内容以及作者描述伦敦大瘟疫这个历史事件时所采用的写作方法。1What can we learn from Paragraph 1?AA comet always follows a storm.BLondon was under an appro
12、aching threat.CLondon was prepared for the disease.DThe woman was the beginning of the disease.解析：B考查推理判断。根据第一段第三句“Outside the city wall，a womans death was announced and she died of a disease that was spreading in that areA”并结合语境可知，当时在伦敦市外，一种致命的疾病正在传播。由此可以推断出，伦敦正面临着一种即将到来的威胁，故选B。2What do the Mootes
13、say about London during the Great Plague?AThe city remained organizeDBThe plague spared the rich areas.CThe people tried a lot in vain.DThe majority fled and thus surviveD解析：A考查细节理解。根据第三段第三句“The Mootes point out that，even at the height of the plague，the city did not fall into chaos.”可知，两位作者指出，即使在瘟疫高
14、峰之时，伦敦市也没有陷入混乱。该段第四句又列举了这个城市保持井然有序的具体体现，故选A。3Why do the Mootes focus on the nine individuals?AThey were famous people in history.BThey all managed to survive the plague.CThey provided vivid stories of humanity.DThey united by thinking and acting as one.解析：C考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Based on humanity(人
15、性)，the authors offer a masterful portrait of a city and its inhabitants who were attacked by and daringly resisted unimaginable horror.”可知，以人性为基础，作者巧妙地描绘了伦敦市的情况及其居民受到难以想象的恐惧的袭击并勇敢地抵抗这种恐惧的情况，并结合该段第一句可推知，作者关注这九个人是因为这九个人提供了生动的人性故事，故选C。4Whats the purpose of this text?ATo introduce a new book.BTo correct
16、 a misunderstanding.CTo report a new study.DTo show respect for the authors.解析：A考查写作目的。文章第一和第二段描述了瘟疫爆发时的情景，由此引出了第三和第四段对The Great Plague: The Story of Londons Most Deadly Year这本书的介绍。由此可知，本文的写作目的是介绍一本新书，故选A。B语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会社会生活无人值守商店(2021沈阳市高三质量监测) At first glance，there is nothing unusual about the Bi
17、ngoBox storeshelves stacked with snacks line the walls，tempting passersby through the glass windows.But on closer inspection，BingoBox is no ordinary store.The door opens only after customers scan a QR code to enter，and there is no cashier to tally up purchasesjust a lone checkout counter in a corner
18、.The Shanghaibased company is one of many unmanned store operators opening outlets all over China，hoping to improve slim profit margins in the retail business by reducing staff costs.“If capital costs rise quickly，that puts greater pressure on lowmargin businesses like convenience stores and superma
19、rkets，”said Andrew Song，an analyst at Guotai Junan Securities.“In China，manpower costs have been rising relatively quickly.”However，the futuristic vision of shopping without a checkout person is still in progress.A reporter who visited a BingoBox store in Shanghai was briefly locked in when he was t
20、rying to exit without making a purchase.Although a sign near the exit stated that emptyhanded customers can leave by scanning a QR code，no QR code was to be founDRepeated calls to the customer service hotline went unanswereDAnother unmanned operation in China，Take Go，only allows one customer in the
21、shop at a time because of technology limitations in using multiple cameras for scanning customers faces.The idea of unmanned stores first caught the worlds attention when the largest US online retailer announced its cashierless store，which is only available to employees for now.Since then，some techn
22、ology companies in China，including the ecommerce firm Alibaba Group，have launched their own versions of unmanned stores.Embedded with technology such as RFID tags，mobile payment systems and facial recognition systems，such stores collect valuable data that give operators a better idea of consumers pr
23、eference and buying habits，which can then be used to optimize the operation and make more efficient inventory decisions.“For BingoBox，lower operating costs also mean it can afford to expand its reach to areas with less foot traffic”，according to Chen Zilin，the founder and CEO of BingoBox.文章大意：本文是一篇说
24、明文。许多无人值守商店经营者在全国开分店，希望通过减少员工成本来提高零售业微薄的利润，但无人值守商店也有其弊端和局限性，经营商需要对其进行改进；另外，低经营成本也意味着经营商可将其业务范围扩大到客流量较少的区域。5What makes the BingoBox store look like an ordinary convenience store?AShelves stacked with goods.BA lone checkout counter.CFewer cashiers to tally up purchases.DEntering by scanning a QR code.
25、解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“At first glance.shelves stacked with snacks line the walls”可知，乍一看，缤果盒子与普通商店无异，因为其货架上也摆满了商品，故选A项。6Why are unmanned stores popular with operators?AThe customers prefer mobile payment systems.BThe unmanned stores help improve profit with lower labor costs.CThe employees focus on cons
26、umers preference and buying habits.DThe operators care more about operations and inventory decisions.解析：B考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句可知，无人值守商店经营者希望通过减少员工成本来提高零售业的利润，即无人值守商店减少了员工的开支，有利于提高利润，所以才受到经营者的欢迎，故选B项。7How many cases can show that the unmanned stores need improving?ATwo. BThree.CFour. DFive.解析：A考查细节理解。题干问有
27、多少种情况表明无人值守商店需要改善。根据第三段的内容可知，一个光顾上海缤果盒子的记者因没有购买商品而被暂时锁在店内，出口处的标牌标明没有购买商品的顾客可以通过扫描二维码离开，但却找不到该二维码，且反复拨打客户服务热线无人应答；根据第四段的内容可知，由于利用多个摄像机扫描客户面部技术受限，另外一个无人值守商店Take Go一次只允许店内进入一个顾客。由此可知，有两种情况表明无人值守商店需改善，故选A项。8What can we infer according to Chen Zilin?ANowadays all stores should be equipped with advanced t
28、echnology.BThe operators collect data about consumers preference and buying habits.CBingoBox made wiser decisions based on the data collected in unmanned stores.DThe operators can open unmanned supermarkets in more remote places with low costs.解析：D考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句可知，较低的经营成本意味着经营商能够将业务范围扩大到客流量较少的地区，
29、即较偏远的地区，故选D项。.七选五语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与社会社会生活对昏倒在街头的人的不同态度1._One day，when I was perhaps six years old，I was walking with my father on a crowded street.All of a sudden，the normal flow of pedestrian traffic backed up as people tried to avoid a large object on the sidewalk.To my astonishment，the object turned o
30、ut to be a human being，a man lying unconscious against a building.2._ Certainly no one made eye contact.As we walked by，my fatherthe model of a loving，caring gentlemanpointed to a bottle in a paper bag and told me that the poor soul on the sidewalk just needed to sleep it off.Then the drunken man be
31、gan to murmur(低语)senselessly.My father warned me not to go near，saying “You never know how hell react.”3_I had spent the previous 12 months traveling in poor Asian cities，but even by those standards this was a scene of misery.In addition to being desperately poor，the locals had to live in the extrem
32、ely hot climate with ridiculously huge crowds and a fairly strong wind blowing dust everywhere.Suddenly a man carrying a huge bag of peanuts called out in pain and fell to the grounD4._ Half a dozen sellers ran from their stands to help，leaving unattended what might have been the totality of their p
33、ossessions.One put a blanket under the mans head；another opened his shirt；the third one questioned him carefully about the pain；the fourth one fetched water；the fifth one kept onlookers from crowding around too closely；the sixth one ran for help.5._The performance could have passed for a final exam
34、at a paramedic(护理人员)school.AI then witnessed an astonishing scene.BNo one of the passersby seemed to notice that it was a man.CThis was totally different from the bitter experience I had in New York.DWithin minutes，a doctor arrived，and two other locals joined in to assist.EI soon came to see that da
35、ys lesson as basic knowledge for a New Yorker.FIll always remember a lesson that I learned as a boy growing up in New York City.GYet many years later I had a very different experience while visiting a market in Rangoon.文章大意：作者两次目击人们对在街头昏倒的人的情形：一次是在大概六岁时，面对在纽约街头昏迷的男子，人们冷漠地走开；另一次是在亚洲一些贫穷的城市旅游时，在仰光的一个集
36、市上，人们热心地帮助一个倒在地上的男子，使该男子得到了及时的救治。1解析：F根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段首句，是本段的总起句；通读该段可知，该段主要讲述了作者在大概六岁时目击人们对待在街头昏倒的男子的态度以及父亲对作者的警告。故F项与此处匹配。2解析：B根据上文可知，人们都试图避开一个靠着建筑物昏迷的男子；空处承接上文，故B项“似乎没有一个路人注意到那是一个人”符合语境。3解析：G该段主要讲述了作者在亚洲一个贫穷的城市旅游时，看到的人们热心地帮助一个倒在地上的男子的场景，与上文讲述的人们试图避开一个靠着建筑物昏迷的男子形成对比，故G项与此处匹配。4解析：A根据空前一句可知，突然，一个拎着
37、一大袋花生的男子痛苦地大叫一声，倒在地上；根据空后一句可知，六名商户不顾他们的摊位跑出来帮忙。据此可推知，空处承上启下，表述作者看到了令人惊讶的一幕，故A项符合语境。5解析：D空前一句表述人们帮助这个倒在地上的男子的过程：有人在他的头下面放了条毯子；有人解开他的衬衫；有人仔细询问他哪里痛；有人去取水；有人阻止旁观者聚拢得太近；有人去求救。据此可知，该处承接上文，继续叙述事情的发展，故D项“几分钟内，一位医生到了，两位当地人也参与援助”符合文意。.语法填空语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会饮食文化白茶(2021广东省六校第一次联考)China is considered the home of te
38、AChinese tea had begun to be exported to Japan and Korea before the Tang Dynasty (618907).In the early period of the 17th century，Chinese tea 1._ (export) to Europe.The tea from China is in great abundance and variety.2._ (tell) if a pot of tea is nice you can mainly rely 3._ the color，smell，taste a
39、nd form.One of Chinas six famous tea types is white tea，4._ gets its name from its silverwhite color.It 5._ (be) mainly grown and produced in Fujian province with a long history，dating back to Northern Song Dynasty (9601127) in ancient ChinACompared with other major types of tea，it distinguishes its
40、elf by 6._ (it) refreshingly sweet taste and beautiful silverneedlelike shape，thus enjoying great popularity among tea 7._ (drink).In addition，the longer it is preserved，the better healthbuilding effects it has.8._ (amazing)，it has been proved that if drunk regularly，white tea will greatly benefit p
41、eoples physical and mental health.This is because it can not only protect people from being 9._ (strike) by some common diseases，10._ also can effectively relieve symptoms.文章大意：中国被认为是茶的故乡，本文主要介绍了中国的白茶的特色以及白茶对健康的益处。1解析：was exported考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语In the early period of the 17th century可知，此处应用一般过去时，且
42、分析句子结构可知，export和Chinese tea构成被动关系，故填was exported。2解析：To tell考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语，故用动词不定式To tell。3解析：on考查介词。rely on是固定短语，意为“依靠”。4解析：which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词white tea，从句中缺少主语，故用which来引导该从句。5解析：is考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，这里为一般性描述，故用一般现在时；又主语为It，故填is。6解析：its考查代词。空处修饰其后的名词词组，故用形容词性物主代词its。7解析：drinkers考查名词的单复数。根据句中的“popularity among”可知，此处表示在喝茶的人中大受欢迎。又结合常识可知喝茶的人不止一个，drinker是可数名词，故用其复数形式。8解析：Amazingly考查副词。分析句子结构可知，该词位于句首修饰整个句子，作状语，故用副词形式。9解析：struck考查过去分词。根据句中的“being”“by some common diseases”可知，此处用strike的过去分词形式。10解析：but考查连词。结合语境可知，此处考查固定用法not only.but also.。
