1、专题08 家庭与社会生活【美文阅读1】Empty Nest SyndromeWhile income worry is a rather common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. Of all the reasons that explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. This phenome
2、non is commonly known as “Empty Nest Syndrome”. In order to seek better chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, leaving their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights, taking care of themselves,
3、 in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. The fact that most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty as they would have if they had not left their countries. Whate
4、ver the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match what they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing response in time for their aged parents living by themselves.The situation in which grown-up children l
5、ive far away from their aged parents has been described as “distant parent phenomenon”, which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet been well prepared for “Empty Nest Syndrome”.空巢综合征收入焦虑是老年人普遍存在的问题，而孤独则是老年父母可能面临的另一个问题。在所有解释他们孤独的原因中，父母和孩子之间的地理距离是主要
6、原因。这种现象通常被称为“空巢综合症”。为了在国外寻求更好的机会，许多年轻人出国了，留下的父母不清楚他们什么时候回国。他们的父母花了无数孤独的日日夜夜，照顾自己，希望有一天他们的孩子会回来和他们在一起。事实上，这些年轻人中的大多数已经进入了欧洲化或美国化的社会，这使得他们不太可能像当初离开自己的国家时那样，紧紧抓住责任的价值。不管是什么情况，人们注意到，它们所持有的价值并不一定与它们实际所做的相符。这种地理和文化上的距离也阻止了成年儿童及时为他们年迈的父母独自生活作出反应。成年儿童远离父母居住的情况被称为“远亲现象”，这种现象在发达国家和发展中国家都很普遍。我们的社会还没有为“空巢综合症”做好
7、准备。生词注解：1. geographical di:grfik()l a.地理(学)的2. phenomenon finmnn n.现象，迹象；非凡的人，特殊的事物3. nest nest n.巢，窝 vi.筑巢4. syndrome sindrum n.综合症状；一系列表现(事件等)5. response rispns n.回答，答复；反应，响应词汇拓展：1.preventfrom【辨析】prevent from, keepfrom和 stopfrom prevent sb. from doing sth. 防止.做什么(以预防为主) stop sb. from doing sth.停止.
8、做什么(已经在做了,要停止) keep sb from doing sth. 制止.做（from不可以省略） protect sb. from being .保护.免遭（强调“保护”）【例句】 1)The teacher wants to stop her students from jumping on the tables. 老师想阻止学生跳到桌子上去。 2) The teacher put a mat on the floor to prevent students from hurting themselves. 老师在地上铺上垫子，防止学生受伤。 3) The manager wan
9、ts to protect her secretary from being fired. 经理不想让她的秘书被解雇。2.providewith【辨析】 providewith 和supply with 两者均可表示“供应；供给”，指对于缺乏或不足的事物进行补充或供给。supply常与tofor或with连用，其结构是：supply sth.tofor sb.或supply sb.with sth.两者均可表示“供应；供给”，指对于缺乏或不足的事物进行补充或供给。 provide常与for或with连用，其结构是：provide sth.or sb.或provide sb.with sth.【
10、例句】 1)They supply food tofor the survivors.They supply the survivors with food. 他们供应食物给幸存者。 2) He provides food and clothes for his family.He provides his family with food and clothes. 他给家人提供衣食。语法点拨：The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as
11、“distant parent phenomenon”, which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries.【归纳】in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents为定语从句，其先行 词为situation. which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries 为非限制定语从句，其先行词为distant parent phenome
12、non. 类似situation,其后定语从句引导词常用in which或where的还有case, stage, point等。如：The argument has come to a stage where we must sit down and have a heart-to-heart talk. 我们目前应当坐下来好好谈谈了.【美文阅读2】A way to be with customers In the summer vacation of 1997, I was fixed with a job. I worked as a(n) assistant at Mr. Breens
13、 fruit shop. The fruit shop did good business. Most of the trade came from the housewives who lived in the neighborhood, but he also had regular customers who arrived outside the shop in cars . Mr Breen knew them all by name and they sometimes even had their order already made up , always getting me
14、 to carry it out to their car. They were clearly long-standing customers , and I suppose they must have stayed faithful to him because he had promised to sell good quality fruit. He had a way with them I had to admit that. He called every woman “madam” for a start , even those who clearly were not,
15、but when he said it , it did not sound like flattery . It just sounded polite in an old-fashioned way . He was a great chatter as well. If he did not know them , he would greet them with a few words about the weather , but if he did , he would ask about their families or make jokes, always cutting h
16、is cloth according to his customers. Whatever their bills came to, he always gave them back the few odd pence , and I am sure they thought he was very generous. But I thought he was the opposite. He never threw anything away. He was always looking for something for nothing. 与客户相处的方式在1997年的暑假，我得到了一份工
17、作。我在布林先生的水果店当助理。水果店生意不错。大部分的交易都来自住在附近的家庭主妇，但他也有一些常客，他们开车来到店外。布林先生知道他们的名字，他们有时甚至已经订好了订单，总是让我把订单送到他们的车上。他们显然是长期的顾客，我想他们一定对他忠心耿耿，因为他答应过卖高质量的水果。他对他们有办法-我不得不承认。他一开始就叫每个女人为“夫人”，即使那些显然不是的女人，但当他这么说的时候，听起来并不像是奉承。只是用一种老式的方式听起来很礼貌。他也是个健谈的人。如果他不认识他们，他会用几句话问候他们的天气，但如果他认识他们，他就会问他们的家人或开玩笑，总是根据顾客的要求来剪裁衣服。不管他们的账单是多少
18、，他总是把那几便士还给他们，我相信他们认为他很慷慨。但我认为他恰恰相反。他从不丢弃任何东西。他总是白白找东西。生词注解：1. faithful feiful a.忠诚的；尽职的；如实的，准确可靠的2. flattery fltri n.奉承；谄媚的举动3.odd pence 零钱4.generous denrsa.慷慨的；宽厚的；大量的，丰富的词汇拓展：promise【导学】 1) n. 诺言，约定，(有)希望，预示 make a promise许下诺言 keep ones promise保守诺言 break ones promise打破诺言，说话不算数 2) v. 允诺，约定，预示，有可能
19、promise sb. to do sth.答应某人做某事【例句】 1) I dont trust his promise to come for a visit. 我不相信他会如约前来访问。 2) She has high promise of a pianist. 她大有希望成为钢琴家。 3）I promise to return your bicycle on good condition. 我答应一定完好无损地还你的自行车。语法点拨：1. Whatever their bills came to, he always gave them back the few odd pence【归
20、纳】whatever 引导让步状语从句，此处相当于no matter what their bills came to. whatever 也可引导名词性从句，如： You shouldnt have believed whatever he said. 你本不该相信他所说的一切。2. He was always looking for something for nothing .【归纳】be always doing表示“总是在做着”，表达说话人的一种感情，如赞扬或者批评 等。如：My students are always studying hard. 我的学生总是在努力学习。 家庭和社
21、会生活是高中新课程标准主要话题之一，该话题包括人与人之间的关系、矛盾冲突和问题的解决、社会政治、经济、文化等方面。在高考试题当中，社会交往类话题占了较大比例，常以社交礼仪、社会价值观、文化碰撞等为主题。此话题多包含爱恋、友谊、信任、尊重和感恩等，贴近学生日常生活，并为他们所熟悉。以这些话题命题有利于促进学生身心健康成长，形成良好的价值观和积极向上的舆论导向。该话题为高考热点话题，近几年的高考英语命题当中，各种题型如听力、完形填空、阅读理解、七选五、语法填空、短文改错、书面表达等该话题频频出现，20182020高考试题中均出现过此类话题。特别是，2017年新课标卷I的阅读理解B篇和七选五、201
22、7年新课标卷II的短文改错、2016年全国卷阅读理解B篇、2016全国卷完形填空、2016年四川卷阅读理解B篇；2016年北京卷阅读理解A篇；2013年山东卷完形填空；2012年山东完形填空等。【相关词汇】I.话题单词1.abandon vt.抛弃，舍弃，放弃2.abuse vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用3.accompany vt.陪伴；陪同；伴奏4.acquaintance n.相识(的人)；熟人5.admirable adj.值得赞赏的；可钦佩的6.adopt vt.收养；采用；通过7.ancestor n.祖宗；祖先8.appreciate vt.欣赏；感激9.argue vi.争辩，争论10
23、.argument n.争论，辩论11.associate vt.使联合12.attitude n.态度13.barrier n.屏障，障碍14.beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的15.benefit n.益处，好处；v.受益；有益于16.bother vt.打扰；麻烦17.blame vt.责备，指责18.bride n.新娘19.bridegroom n.新郎20.bury v.埋葬；埋藏；遮盖21.close adj.关系亲密的；靠近的panion n.同伴；同事；伴侣plain v.抱怨；投诉24.condemn vt.谴责，指责；宣判25.conflict n.冲
24、突26.congratulate vt.祝贺27.congratulation n.祝贺28.conscience n.良心；良知29.cooperate vi.合作30.colleague n.同事；同僚31.divorce vt. 离婚32.direct v.管理；指挥33.enthusiastic adj.热情的34.familiar adj.熟悉的35.friction n.摩擦36.friendly adj.友好的37.forgive vt.原谅38.generation n.代；世代；一代人39.grateful adj.感激的40.harmony n.和睦；和谐41.harmon
25、ious adj.和谐的42.headmaster n.(中小学)校长43.headteacher n.班主任；(中小学)校长44.household n.一家人；家庭45.junior n.年幼者；低年级学生46.merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的47.misunderstand vt.误会；不理解48.modest adj.谦虚的；谦逊的49.neighbourhood n.社区；街坊50.nephew n.侄子；外甥51.partner n.伙伴；搭档；同伴52.teenager n.青少年53.patient adj.有耐心的54.patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地55
26、.politely adv.礼貌地56.precious adj.珍贵的57.prejudice n.偏见，成见58.private adj.私人的；个人的；私有的；秘密的；私立的59.promote vt.促进；提升60.quarrel n.& vi.争吵；吵架61.relative n.亲戚62.relationship n.关系63.reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的64.respect vt.尊重；尊敬65.respectful adj.恭敬的，有礼貌的66.senior n.年长者；高年级学生67.separate v.使分离，分开68.share vt.分享；合用；分摊；n
27、.股份；份额69.sincere adj.真诚的70.tension n.紧张局势71.tolerance n.忍受72.treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；n.款待II.话题短语1.a lack of understanding缺乏理解2.be concerned for/about对担心/关心3.be familiar to为所熟悉4.be in harmony with.与和谐相处/协调5.be on good terms(与某人)关系好6.be tolerant with包容7.be to blame应受责备8.break up分手；解散；结束9.bring up养育；抚养；教育1
28、0.care for喜欢11.depend/rely on依靠，相信，信赖12.fit in with与相适应/合得来13.get on/along well with sb.与某人相处融洽14.get in touch with与取得联系15.go wrong出毛病；失败16.have.in common有共同之处17.have words with与发生口角18.keep cool保持冷静19.keep in touch with与保持联系20.look down upon/on鄙视，看不起21.make up和解22.share feelings and ideas with与分享情感和
29、想法23.show respect for尊重24.split up分开；分手25.see sb.off为某人送行26.turn down拒绝27.watch out当心28.wave sb. goodbye向某人挥手告别29.wish sb. a pleasant journey祝某人旅途愉快III.话题佳句1.I didnt realize the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.直到上高中我被选为班长时我才意识到与
30、他人合作的重要性。2.Just as the saying goes, One tree doesnt make a forest， our success is based on cooperating with others.正如谚语所言：独木难成林，我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。3.We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.我们应当彼此友善，这对于享受和谐的生活是绝对必要的。4.With friendship, life is happy and harm
31、onious. Without friendship, life is hostile and unfortunate.拥有友谊，生活就会快乐又和谐；没有友谊，生活就会充满敌意与不幸。5.As far as Im concerned, to build a good relationship, we should trust each other first.就我个人而言，要建立良好的关系，我们首先应该彼此信任。6.As is known to us all, children spend less time having heart?to?heart talks with their par
32、ents when they grow older.众所周知，当孩子们长大的时候，他们与他们的父母进行知心交谈的时间更少了。7.As we all know, making friends can help us establish good interpersonal relationships, and build a harmonious society.众所周知，交友有助于我们建立良好的人际关系，也有利于构建和谐社会。8.It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enj
33、oyable.正是你的帮助和热心让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。9.I hope we can stay in touch with each other so that we can communicate with each other to know more about the Chinese and British culture.我希望我们之间能相互保持联系，这样我们就可以相互交流，从而了解更多的中国和英国的文化。10.Therefore, we should keep calm no matter what happens in the future. Only in thi
34、s way can we deal with things correctly and maintain our friendship.因此，不管将来发生什么事情我们都应该保持冷静，只有用这种方式我们才能恰当地处理问题并维护好我们的友谊。IV.连句成篇1. 一个获得过诺贝尔奖的作家在他15岁的时候过着非常艰苦的生活。（定语从句）2. 为了照顾生病的母亲，他不得不靠为报纸写文章谋生。3. 他的老板对他要求非常严格，这导致了一个事实，即他在写作方面很有经验。（非限制性定语从句，同位语从句）4. 他的一本书获得了2010年最佳畅销书称号，并得到了全世界的关注。5. 很多人情不自禁地学习他的乐观精神，
35、所以他的成功给我们树立了好榜样。A writerwhowon the Nobel Prize led a very tough life at the age of 15. Therefore, in order to look after his sick mother, he had to earnhis living by writing articles for a newspaper.However, his boss was very strict with him, which resulted in a fact that he was experienced in writi
36、ng.To his delight, one of his books was given the title of The Best Seller in 2010, and got the worlds attention.As a result,many people couldnt help learning his positive spirit, so his successset a good example to us. I.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAfter 21 years of marriage, my wife want
37、ed me to take another woman out to dinner and a movie. She said, I love you, but I know this other woman loves you too, and she would love to spend some time with you. The other woman that my wife wanted me to visit was my MOTHER, who has been a widow for 19 years, but the demands of my work and my
38、three children had made it possible to visit her only occasionally. That night I called to invite her to go out for dinner and a movie. Whats wrong, are you well? she asked. My mother is the type of woman who suspects that a late night call or a surprise invitation is a sign of bad news.I thought th
39、at it would be pleasant to spend some time with you, I responded. Just the two of us. She thought about it for a moment, and then said, I would like that very much. That Friday after work, as I drove over to pick her up, I was a bit nervous. When I arrived at her house, I noticed that she, too, seem
40、ed to be nervous about our date. She waited in the door with her coat on. We went to a restaurant that, although not elegant, was very nice and cozy. My mother took my arm as if she were the First Lady. After we sat down, I had to read the menu. Her eyes could only read large print. Halfway through
41、the entries, I lifted my eyes and saw Mom sitting there staring at me. A nostalgic smile was on her lips. During the dinner, we had an agreeable conversation-nothing extraordinary but catching up on recent events of each others life. We talked so much that we missed the movie.As we arrived at her ho
42、use later, she said, Ill go out with you again, but only if you let me invite you. I agreed.A few days later, my mother died of a massive heart attack. It happened so suddenly that I didnt have a chance to do anything for her. Some time later, I received an envelope with a copy of a restaurant recei
43、pt from the same place mother and I had dined. An attached note said: I paid this bill in advance. I wasnt sure that I could be there; but nevertheless, I paid for two plates - one for you and the other for your wife. You will never know what that night meant for me. I love you, son. At that moment,
44、 I understood the importance of saying in time: I LOVE YOU and to give our loved ones the time that they deserve. Nothing in life is more important than your family. Give them the time they deserve, because these things cannot be put off till some other time.1.When the mother heard it was the sons c
45、all, she was _.A.surprisedB.worriedC.suspiciousD.puzzled2.What did the mother mainly talk about to the author during the dinner?A.Her life after the authors marriage.B.Her memory about the author as a child.C.Her life since the authors last visit.D.Her expectation about future reunions.3.Whats the p
46、urpose of the authors writing this passage?A.To teach us how to cherish our family.B.To tell us to enjoy the present life.C.To convey the importance of showing respect for our parents.D.To warn us not to put off what we should do till some time later.4.Whats the best title of the passage?A.Mothers l
47、oveB.Next to neverC.Precious unionD.A special dateBI was telling my boy Sonny the story of the hare and the tortoise. In the end ,I said, “ Son, remember: Be slow and steady, and that will win the race. Dont you think theres something to learn from the tortoise?”Sonny opened his eyes wide, “Do you m
48、ean next time when Im entering for the 60-metre race I should wish that Billy, Tony and Sandy would all fall asleep halfway?”I was shocked, “But the tortoise didnt wish that the hare would fall asleep!”“He must have wished that,” Sonny said, “Otherwise how could he be so foolish as to race with the
49、hare? He knew very well the hare ran a hundred times faster than he himself did.”“He didnt have such a wish,” I insisted. “He won the race by perseverance (坚忍不拔的), by pushing on steadily.”Sonny thought a while. “Thats a lie,” he said. “He won it because he was lucky. If the hare hadnt happened to fa
50、ll asleep, the tortoise would never have won the race. He could be as steady as you like, or a hundred times steadier, but hed never have won the race. Thats for sure.”I gave up. Todays children are not like what we used to be. Theyre just hopeless.5.The writer argued with his son because _.A.he lik
51、ed tortoises while his son liked haresB.they disagreed about whether the tortoise was foolishC.he tried to teach his son a moral (品德) lesson but the son had totally different opinionD.he liked the story of the hare and the tortoise while his son didnt.6.Sonny believed that the tortoise _.A.won the r
52、ace by his own hard workingB.took a risk by agreeing to run a raceC.was not given a fair chance in the raceD.in fact did win the race luckily7.Billy, Tony and Sandy must be_.A.boys who were unknown to Sonnys fatherB.boys who Sonny has run races with beforeC.boys who Sonny has never raced with before
53、D.boys who Sonny did not expect to race with again8.According to the passage, who do you think learnt a lesson?A.The tortoiseB.SonnyC.The hareD.Sonnys fatherC Its 13:30 and 28-year-old Marten Pella s smart phone starts pinging, a signal that its time for us to stop working around his living room tab
54、le and instead start our workout routine together. A cartoon character wearing bright red shorts on video begins instructing us to do star-jumps and sit-ups around his apartment.Pella, a research assistant at Stockholm University, is part of the Hoffice movement, which invites workers-freelancers（自由
55、职业者）or full-time employees who can do their jobs remotelyto work at each others homes to increase productivity and enjoy an active social life.Those attending Hoffice events advertised on Facebook are typically asked to work silently in 45-minute blocks, before taking short breaks together to exerci
56、se, or simply chatting over a coffee. In addition, each participant shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival, and is invited to report back on whether or not they have achieved them at the end of the day.“Often when I am alone, I can work focused for a couple of hours but then
57、 Im easily distracted（分心）.The help of others makes me so much more disciplined.” says Pella, who attends Hoffice events as both a guest and a host. Lunches mean networking and connecting with new contacts. “People are coming from really different areas and have different professions so there can be
58、really interesting discussions,” he says.The Hoffice movement has grown quickly since it was founded in 2014 by Swedish psychologist Christofer Franzen, now 37. He had been giving lectures on the benefits of collective（集体的）intelligence, but realised he was spending most of his own time working alone
59、 at his kitchen table. “I wanted to test more structured home co-working with friends in similar situations,” he says.Franzen says that holding events in houses and apartments creates a unique atmosphere, because theres a sense of community and desire to contribute. Hes looking for ways to expand th
60、e social value of Hoffice, by matching up members with relevant skills to share and even encouraging jobseekers to join its gatherings.9.Where is Pella when his smart phone starts pinging?A.In his own home.B.In his office.C.In another persons home.D.At Stockholm University.10.What do people attendin
61、g Hoffice events do first when they meet?A.Watch an exercise video.B.Work silently for 45 minutes.C.Tell each other their daily plans.D.Report what they have achieved.11.What does Franzen really mean by saying “friends in similar situations”?A.They usually work alone.B.They often give lectures.C.The
62、y study collective intelligence.D.They have to work at a kitchen table.12.What is the best title for the text?A.Sharing Comfortable WorkplacesB.A New Way to Make New FriendsC.Benefits of Collective IntelligenceD.Working from Others HomesD The Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology was used as a
63、quarantine site (隔离区) from Feb 8 to March 28. Cheng Shining, a junior of Central China Normal University in Wuhan, was responsible for collecting and distributing supplies for quarantined people and medical staff. As the youngest volunteer at this site, he also chose to live there so that he could s
64、how up whenever he was needed. One day Cheng and two other volunteers took more than 3 hours to move all 1,462 boxes of mineral water to storage with 50 firemens help. Cheng says. A single persons strength is limited, but we know the whole country is helping us.Cheng was a volunteer for the Military
65、 World Games held in Wuhan last October. It was the first time he saw his hometown under the worlds spotlight. Ive experienced the highlight of Wuhan, and now when my hometown touched a low point, I want to get through the difficulty together with the city, Cheng says. Like Cheng, 28-year-old Wuhan
66、local Zhu Aobing also volunteered to help his home city. He signed up right away to be a volunteer for the vaccine. A total of 108 Wuhan locals became the first group of COVID-19 vaccine volunteers in March. They are healthy adults aged from 18 to 60 selected from thousands of people who applied. Si
67、nce the lockdown, Ive always been thinking what I can do for my hometown during the epidemic, he says. Zhu is a freshman of Hubei University of Technology in Wuhan. He joined the army when he was 18 years old and served for five years. However, Zhu didnt want to miss the chance to study further, so
68、he decided to go to college last year. No matter how long I have finished my military service, I always have the responsibility to go to the front line when the country needs me, and when facing this pandemic(疫情)，being a vaccine volunteer is what I should do, he says.13.How does Cheng sound when tal
69、king about the help from the firemen?A.Descriptive and seriousB.Generous and excitingC.Appreciative and optimisticD.Cautious and supportive14.How can Zhu help his home city?A.By serving the Military World Games.B.By helping run a quarantine site.C.By studying further in college.D.By being a vaccine
70、volunteer.15.What do Cheng and Zhu have in common?A.They are Wuhan locals.B.They served in the army.C.They are of the same age.D.They graduated from university.16.Which of the following is most likely said by President Xi to them during the epidemic?A.Diligence is crucial for the development of our
71、country.B.Chinese dream is what pushes the whole country ahead.C.Life is a book and you are responsible for your own page.D.The Chinese youth of the new era can shoulder great missions.A【答案】1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了作者在妻子的要求下和母亲共度了一个夜晚。结果几天后，母亲死于严重的心脏病发作。过了一段时间，作者收到了一个信封，里面是作者母亲吃饭时的餐馆收据的复印件和
72、母亲留给自己的话。那一刻，作者明白了及时说出“我爱你”以及给予我们所爱的人他们应得的时间的重要性。生活中没有什么比家庭更重要。多花些时间陪陪他们，因为这些事情不能被推迟到“改天”。1.推理判断题。根据第二段的Whats wrong, are you well? she asked. (她问：“你怎么了，你还好吗？”)可推测，当作者的妈妈知道是作者打来电话时很担心。B. worried(担心的)符合以上推测，故选B项。2.细节理解题。根据第五段的During the dinner, we had an agreeable conversation-nothing extraordinary bu
73、t catching up on recent events of each others life.(在晚饭期间，我们谈得很愉快没有什么特别的事，就是各自最近的生活)可知，在晚饭期间作者的妈妈谈论了她自己的生活。C. Her life since the authors last visit.(自作者上一次拜访以来的生活)符合以上说法，故选C项。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nothing in life is more important than your family. Give them the time they deserve, because these things cann
74、ot be put off till some other time.可知，生活中没有什么比家庭更重要。多花些时间陪陪他们，因为这些事情不能被推迟到“改天”。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是想告诉我们应当珍惜我们的家庭。A. To teach us how to cherish our family.(为了教会我们如何珍惜家人)符合以上推测，故选A项。4.主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其最后一段的Give them the time they deserve, because these things cannot be put off till some other time.(多花些
75、时间陪陪他们，因为这些事情不能被推迟到“改天”。) 可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉我们，家人非常重要，我们应该多花些时间陪陪他们，因为这些事情不能被推迟到“改天”，由此可知 B. Next to never(不要推到下次)可以作为本文标题，故选B项。B【答案】5.C 6.D 7.B 8.D【解析】文章大意：父亲本想通过龟兔赛跑的故事教育儿子，但是最终却没能说服自己的儿子，因为儿子说的也很有道理。5.细节理解题。从文章的内容和第一段的句子：Dont you think theres something to learn from the tortoise?”可知作者和儿子争论是因为他想教儿子故
76、事中的寓意，但是儿子拒绝了。故C正确。6.细节理解题。从文章第六段的句子：Sonny thought a while. “Thats a lie,” he said. “He won it because he was lucky.可知乌龟赢得比赛完全是出于幸运。故D正确。7.推理判断题。根据文章第二段Do you mean next time when Im entering for the 60-metre race I should wish that Billy, Tony and Sandy would all fall asleep halfway?可知索尼以前肯定和这三个人进行过
77、赛跑比赛。故B正确。8.推理判断题。从文章的内容：可知作者想教儿子故事中的寓意，但是儿子拒绝了，从和儿子的辩论中，作者了解到他这一代人和Sonny这一代对于人生有不同的看法，可知是Sonny的父亲最后得到一个教训。故D项正确。考点：考查故事类短文阅读C【答案】9.A 10.C 11.A 12.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕“Hoffice行动”展开，即邀请自由职业者或可以远程工作的全职员工在彼此的家中工作，以提高工作效率，避免与社会隔绝,享受积极的社交生活。9.细节理解题。根据第一段“Marten Pella s smart phone starts pinging, a signal
78、that its time for us to stop working around his living room table”可知下午1点半，28岁的马腾配拉(Mrten Pella)的智能手机响了起来，这表示我们不能继续围坐在他家客厅的桌子旁工作了，该锻炼身体了。所以Marten Pella电话响起的时候他在客厅，是在自己家里，故答案为A。10.细节理解题。根据第三段“ In addition, each participant shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival, and is invited
79、 to report back on whether or not they have achieved them at the end of the day. ”可知，另外，每位参与者都要在开始工作前与其他人分享自己每天的目标，然后在一天的工作结束时汇报自己是否实现了目标。所以人们见面后先谈论告诉对方他们的日常计划。故答案为C。11.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 He had been giving lectures on the benefits of collective intelligence, but realised he was spending most of his own
80、time working alone at his kitchen table.可知，他一直在讲集体智慧的好处，但他意识到自己大部分时间都是独自一人在餐桌旁工作。由此可推断Franzen的意思是他们这些人相似的处境就是总是独自一人工作，故答案为A。12.主旨大意题。主要围绕“Hoffice行动”展开，即邀请自由职业者或可以远程工作的全职员工在彼此的家中工作，以提高工作效率，避免与社会隔绝,享受积极的社交生活。由此判断出，短文的最佳标题为“放弃办公桌到陌生人家里办公”。故答案为D。D【答案】13.C 14.D 15.A 16.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章分别讲述了两位来自武汉的志愿者在疫情期间
81、做出的贡献。13.推理判断题。根据第二段的A single persons strength is limited, but we know the whole country is helping us. 可知，在程看来，虽然个人的力量有限，但他知道整个国家都在帮助他们。由此推测，他一方面有对于国家援助的感激之情，另一方面也能感受到战胜疫情的信心。C. Appreciative and optimistic(感激并且乐观)符合以上推测，故选C项。14.细节理解题。根据第四段第一二句Like Cheng, 28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing also volu
82、nteered to help his home city. He signed up right away to be a volunteer for the vaccine.(像程一样，28岁的武汉当地人，朱奥兵也自愿帮助自己的家乡。他立刻报名成为疫苗的志愿者。)可知， 朱帮助自己城市的方式就是申请成为疫苗志愿者。D. By being a vaccine volunteer.(通过成为疫苗志愿者)符合以上说法，故选D项。15.细节理解题。根据第三段的Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Games held in Wuhan last
83、October. It was the first time he saw his hometown under the worlds spotlight.(程是去年世界军人运动会的志愿者。这是他第一次看到自己的家乡成为世界的焦点。)和第四段的28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing(28岁的武汉当地人朱)可知，两位志愿者都是武汉人。A. They are Wuhan locals.(他们是武汉当地人)符合以上说法，故选A项。16.推理判断题。根据第一段的Cheng Shining, a junior of Central China Normal Universi
84、ty in Wuhan, was responsible for collecting and distributing supplies for quarantined people and medical staff. As the youngest volunteer at this site, he also chose to live there so that he could show up whenever he was needed. (程，武汉华中师范大学二年级学生，负责为隔离区和医护人员收集和分发供给品。作为这个点最小的志愿者，他也选择了住在这里，这样他就可以在任何需要他
85、的时间出现)和最后一段的No matter how long I have finished my military service, I always have the responsibility to go to the front line when the country needs me, and when facing this pandemic，being a vaccine volunteer is what I should do(不管我已经服完兵役多久，当国家需要我的时候我都有责任去到最前线，当面对疫情时，成为疫苗志愿者就是我应该做的)可知，两位志愿者虽然年轻但都能为国家为大局挺身而出负起责任，由此推断D. The Chinese youth of the new era can shoulder great missions.(中国新时代的年轻人能肩负伟大的职责)更有可能是习总书记对他们说的话,故选 D项。
