1、选修|Unit 16Stories(一)阅读词汇明其义、写其形第一组：明其义1biography n. 传记2fantasy n. 想象(幻想)物3criteria pl.n. (评判的)标准4novelist n. (长篇)小说家5rewind vi.& vt. 倒回6architecture n. 建筑7authentic adj. 原作的；真正的8characteristic adj. 典型的9sorrow n. 悲伤，难过10former adj. 以前的11spill vi.&vt. 洒出，溅出12precious adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的13precise adj. 准确的，精确的
2、14stubborn adj. 倔强的，固执的15awkward adj. 笨拙的；令人不舒服的第二组：写其形1tiresome adj. 讨厌的，令人厌倦的2specific adj. 详细的；特定的3loss n. 遗失，丢失4complex adj. 复杂的5tense adj. 紧张的6breakthrough n. 突破，重大发现7abandon vt. 放弃，遗弃 8preserve vt. 保护，保存 9witness v. 目击 10occur vi. 发生 11gather vi.& vt. 聚集 12sympathy n. 同情 13burst vi. 爆炸；冲，闯 14e
3、ager adj. 渴望的，热衷的15expand v. 扩大，扩充(二)表达词汇晓其变、通其用1musical adj.音乐的 n音乐剧，音乐片music n音乐musician n音乐家2abnormal adj.反常的，不正常的normal adj.正常的；通常的3admirable adj.令人钦佩的，极佳的admire vt.尊敬；钦佩admiration n尊敬；钦佩4significance n重要性；意义significant adj.重大的；有重要意义的5origin n起源，开端；出身original adj.最初的；起先的6restriction n限制，约束restri
4、ct vt.限制，约束7particularly adv.特别地；特定地particular adj.特别的；挑剔的8unbearable adj.不能忍受的bearable adj.可忍受的bear v忍耐9. discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心discouraged adj.气馁的，泄气的discouraging adj.令人泄气的courage n勇气encourage vt.鼓励10suffering n痛苦，困难suffer v遭受(三)常用短语多积累、准运用1._come_into_view出现2._knock_sb._over 撞倒某人3._block_out 堵住；遮住
5、4in_a_way 从某种程度上说5on_ones_side_ 侧身，在某人一边6split_up (使)解散；决裂7name_.after_ 以的名字给某人/某物命名8come_across 偶然遇见；被理解9hold_up 支撑起；延误，推迟10count_on_ 依靠；指望；期望11._figure_out_ 理解12end_up 以结束，以告终13put_up_with 容忍，忍受14in_particular 特别，尤其15refer_to 查阅；提到；涉及；提交(四)经典句式明特点、会仿用1now that引导原因状语从句悟原句Now that Helen understood t
6、he key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.背佳句(2020全国卷满分作文)Now that they were poisonfree, we were told we could enjoy some newlypicked ones.2.unless引导条件状语从句悟原句Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.背佳句(2
7、019天津高考单选改编)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion unless he wants their support.3.“It is/was序数词time (that) .”句型悟原句It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word a word for something she couldnt touch.背佳句(2017天津高考满分作文)This is the first time that I have been a vo
8、lunteer, so I am now receiving all the training involved.1.趣味“合成词”荟萃breakthrough n突破pickpocket n. 扒手daybreak n. 破晓sunrise n. 日出bathroom n. 浴室2.“价值”形容词知多少precious宝贵的valuable 有价值的worth 有价值的worthy 有价值的priceless 无价的3.way短语全接触in a way在某种程度上in the way 挡道；碍事all the way 一路上；自始至终on the way 在途中by the way 顺便说一
9、下4.“inn./adj.”短语联想in particular 尤其，特别in turn 依次，反过来in common 共同，共用in detail 详细地in general 普遍地，一般地.用所给词的适当形式填空1In spite of difficulties, the mayor never abandoned reforming (reform) education system in our city.2Though it was the first time that I had_visited (visit) the small town, I fell in love wi
10、th it at once.3Timely encouragement from a teacher is of great significance (significant) to his/her students.4He was deeply grieved by the sufferings (suffer) of the common people.5From his discouraged look, I judged he wasnt hired, which was really discouraging. But I still encouraged him to go to
11、 other companies to try his fortune.(discourage)6War has made life almost unbearable (bearable) for the common people.7It is normal that patients will have some abnormal behaviors when they are in low spirits.(normal)8I dont know about the origin of life on the earth, but Im sure life on the earth m
12、ust have gone through a long original period.(origin).介、副词填空1The other day, the train was held up by heavy fog.2You are my best friend. You can count on it that Ill help you when youre in trouble.3A boy was knocked over by a passing car but fortunately he was not hurt severely.4I cant figure out wha
13、t it is that makes him so depressed recently.5He couldnt put up with the noise, so he kept the windows shut all day long.6You will end up in debt if you keep on spending money like that.7The whole meal was good and the wine in particular was excellent.8If you dont know the exact meaning of the word,
14、 you may refer to the dictionary.9A green orchard (果园) will come into view as visitors enter the pavilion.10We put a curtain across the window to block out the sunlight.选词填空1suffer/suffer fromFarmers would suffer great hunger when they suffer_from the heavy flood.2preserve/reserveMy friend here help
15、ed me reserve a double room and a single room the day before last weekend.In summer, large crops of fruit may be preserved by freezing or bottling.3burst in/burst intoSuddenly the door opened and a group of children burst_in. He was just about to leave when someone _burst_into his room.写出加黑部分在语境中的词性
16、及含义1As we all know, Wolong is the largest nature preserve for pandas. n.自然保护区We have taken effective measures to preserve our natural resources. vt.保护2There was a burst of laughter in the next room. n.爆发That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more. vi.爆炸.完成句子1Having been praised by the teacher
17、, the little girl ran back home, happy_and_satisfied.(形容词作状语)被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩高兴、满足地跑回了家。2More and more teenagers abandon_themselves_to_playing_computer_games,_which makes the teachers worried.(abandon)越来越多的青少年沉溺于玩电脑游戏，这让老师们很担忧。3Did_it_ever_occur_to_you that you would end_up_in_prison if you continued b
18、ehaving like that？(occur, end up)你就没想到过如果你继续这样做最终会被关进监狱吗？4Now_that_you_have_grown_up,_you should not count_on your parents.(now that, count on)既然你已经长大了，就不应该依靠父母了。5The Sichuan earthquake gave_witness_to the kindness of strangers in an emergency.(witness n)四川地震见证了危难中的那些素不相识者的善举。1abandon vt.放弃，遗弃；沉湎于(某
19、种情感)n.U放任，放纵(1)abandon oneself to沉溺于，纵情于abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事(2)with abandon 纵情地，放任地(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的，废弃的；无约束的be abandoned to 沉湎于演绎法练通单句语法填空They were so excited that they jumped and shouted with abandon.We were lost in the mountains and had to find an abandoned (abandon) house to live in tha
20、t night.They abandoned carrying (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.It was not until then that I realized how foolish it was of me to abandon myself (me) to computer games.句式升级He abandoned himself to the Internet games and didnt pass the exam.Abandoning_himself_to_the_Internet_games,_h
21、e didnt pass the exam.(现在分词短语作状语)Abandoned_to_the_Internet_games,_he didnt pass the exam.(过去分词短语作状语)2preserve vt.保护，保存；维护 n动植物保护区单句语法填空The paintings are in good preservation (preserve), which are of great value to our study.The organization was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.O
22、ur suggestions are that these traditional customs (should)_be_preserved_ (preserve) and handed down one generation after another.句式升级Because they are well preserved in the nature preserve, pandas live a happy life.Well_preserved_in_the_nature_preserve,_pandas live a happy life.(过去分词作状语)归纳法记牢(1)prese
23、rve sb./sth. from sth.保护免受be well preserved 被很好地保存(2)preservation n. 保护，保存in good preservation 处于良好的保存状态名师指津preserve与reserve词形相似，但reserve 意为“保留；预订”。3witness vt.目击；见证vi.为作证n.目击者；证人单句语法填空His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.The driver witnessed to having_seen (see) the man ente
24、r the building.He will be the lawyer to witness for you.完成句子(2019北京高考书面表达)As we know, recent_years_have_witnessed_great_changes taking place in China, particularly in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai.众所周知，近年来，中国发生了巨大的变化，尤其是在北京、天津和上海。Her latest book bears/gives_witness_to her talent as a writer.她最近出版的书证
25、明她是位很有才华的作家。归纳法记牢(1)witness for为作证witness to (doing) sth. 证明/作证(做)某事(2)be a witness to 目击，看见；为提供证据give/bear witness to 为作证，证明名师指津witness作动词时，常用拟人化的方式陈述事实，即用事物名词直接作主语，表述既简洁又形象。有类似用法的动词还有see, find等。如句。4burst vi.爆炸；冲，闯；突然发生n.爆发，突发串联式巧记 一语串起Hearing the false news, the girl burst out crying and burst int
26、o the room. Everyone in the yard heard a burst of crying.听到这个假消息，女孩突然哭了起来，并闯进了屋子。院子里的每个人都听到了一阵哭声。用法释义(1)burst into/in 突然闯进；破门而入burst out 突然迸发；爆发burst into tears/laughterburst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑burst with anger/joy/grief 勃然大怒/乐不可支/悲痛欲绝(2)a burst of 一阵针对训练单句语法填空He burst in without knocking at
27、 the door, which made me very angry.Last night the room was burst into but nothing was taken away.His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.When she heard the news that her son won the game, she burst with joy.一句多译看到她的同学因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起来。Seeing her classmates burst_out_l
28、aughing because of her foolish mistakes, she_burst_out_crying.(burst out)Seeing her classmates burst_into_laughter because of her foolish mistakes, she burst_into_tears.(burst into)名师指津短语burst in中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；而burst into后接宾语。如句。5occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生；出现；被想起单句语法填空A good idea occurred to m
29、e when I woke up this morning.It_never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.句型转换/一句多译It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.It_occurred_to_me_to go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.他突然想到第二天上午他要参加一个重要的会议。
30、It_occurred_to_him_that_he had an important conference to attend the next morning.It_hit/struck_him_that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.归纳法记牢sth.occurs to sb.某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that . 某人突然想起It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事联想发散表示“某人突然想到”还可用“It hit(s)/s
31、trikes (struck) sb.从句”结构，it在句中作形式主语。6discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心；阻止，劝阻(1)discourage sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(2)discouragement n. 阻止；泄气；挫折(3)discouraged adj. 泄气的；气馁的be/get discouraged 变得灰心，泄气(4)discouraging adj. 令人泄气的演绎法练通单句语法填空He persevered despite discouragement (discourage) from those around him.If yo
32、u meet with any difficulty in your study，dont be discouraged (discourage)His parents tried to discourage him from going (go)abroad, but failed.Instead of seeing the setback as something discouraging (discourage), just accept it as a part of the journey.完成句子In my opinion, parents should_discourage_th
33、eir_children_from_spending too much time playing computer games.依我看来，家长应该阻止孩子花费太多的时间玩电脑游戏。1come across 偶然遇见；被理解come out出现；出版；(花)开放；结果是come about 发生come up 发生，出现，走近；被提出(不用被动)come up with 提出；想出come to 总计；达到(某状况)；苏醒when it comes to (doing) sth. 当谈及(做)某事演绎法练通选用上述短语填空As soon as the project came_up at the
34、 meeting, it attracted many peoples attention.Is this your necklace, Mary? I came_across it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come_up_with the solution.Its announced that his new book will come_out next month.Can you tell me how the accident_c
35、ame_about?完成句子How_did_it_come_about_that you were late for half an hour in such a short trip?这么短的路程你迟到半小时，怎么回事？When_it_comes_to_how_to_speak_fluent_Mandarin,_I suggest that you learn a bunch of pronunciation rules first.当谈到如何说一口流利的普通话时，我建议你先学学基本的发音规则。2put up with容忍，忍受串联式巧记 一语串起All the firefighters w
36、ere sent to put out the fire, so the meeting had to be put off.I put the files away and put them aside.所有的消防队员都被派出去救火了，所以会议不得不被推迟了。我把文件收好放在了一边。用法释义put away放好；收起来 put aside 储蓄；储存；留出；不考虑put up 举起；张贴；建造put forward 推荐；提出；拨快(钟表等)put on 穿上；上演；增加体重put off 推迟，延期put down 写下；记下put out 熄灭；关(灯)；出版；生产针对训练选用上述短语填
37、空Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can_put_down almost every word her teacher says.Encourage children to put_aside some of their pocket money to buy something useful.The fire had been put_out when they got there.They are planning to tear down these apartments and_put_up an office buil
38、ding here.A suggestion has been put_forward that we should recycle the textbooks.What will be put_on_at the theatre next week?完成句子I cant put_up_with_their_smoking in the office any longer.我再也不能容忍他们在办公室里吸烟了。Its likely that the conference will_be_put_off because of the weather.这次会议有可能会因天气而被推迟。联想发散表示“容
39、忍，忍受”之意的除了put up with以外，还有stand, bear, tolerate, live with等。3hold up 支撑起；延误，延迟，耽搁；举起，抬起辨析法理清辨清楚写出下列句中hold up的含义They held up their coach to celebrate their winning. 举起We were held up on the way to the airport in a traffic jam. 耽搁，延误Women are playing a more and more important part in society they hold
40、 up half the sky. 支撑起理明白hold的相关短语归纳hold back阻挡，抑制，控制hold on 别挂断；坚持住，挺住hold on to 抓住不放；坚持；保留hold off 拖延，不接近hold out (在困境中)坚持；伸出；维持 针对训练介、副词填空Id thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable.The fight would have been avoided if either of you had be
41、en able to hold back your anger.When he left the telephone to fetch a pencil, he asked me to hold on.Jane is determined to hold on to her fortune.We could get a new computer now or hold off until prices are lower.用hold短语完成下面语段We were very worried at the news that the rescue vehicles were_held_up (被阻
42、滞) on the road.Whats worse, the food was running out and we couldnt hold_out (坚持) for long.In order to stabilize (使稳定) the mood of everyone, we held_back (隐瞒) the bad news for the time being.4count on依靠，指望；期望，料想count on sth./sb.指望/依靠某事/某人count on doing sth. 指望做某事count on sb.to do/doing sth. 指望/依靠某人做
43、某事count . in/out 把算入/不算入count down 倒计时，倒数count sb./sth. as/to be . 认为某人/某物是演绎法练通单句语法填空The whole team was counting on me，but I let them down.We are counting down the days to the end of this summer holiday.If you are going out tonight, youll have to count me in/out.He counts on his parents to_take/tak
44、ing (take) care of his children.完成句子/一句多译She counts_herself_as/to_be one of the lucky ones.她认为自己是一个幸运儿。我们只能依靠他来营救我们。We can only count_on_him_to_rescue_us/rescuing_us.We can only count_on_it_that_he_will_rescue_us.联想发散表示“指望，依靠”的短语还有depend on, rely on, figure on，它们后跟宾语从句时一般要用it作形式宾语，然后再接that从句。如句。5now
45、 that引导原因状语从句Now_that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。(1)now that“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句，相当于since, that可以省略。(2)引导原因状语从句的常用词还有：because, as, since, in that, seeing that, considering (that)等。针对训练单句语法填空Th
46、ey have made remarkable progress, considering (consider) that they only started last week.Seeing (see) that he was working hard, he achieved great success.She was fortunate in that she had friends to help her.完成句子/句型转换Now_that_you_have_known_the_truth,_I dont need to explain it.既然你已知道了真相，我就没有必要再解释了。
47、This experiment is worth trusting because it is based on scientific facts.This experiment is worth trusting in_that it is based on scientific facts.一、在考题集训中查验单元语基(一)高考中的语法填空 1(2020江苏高考)The original (origin) iron boxes with the round roofs first appeared in 1926.2(2020全国卷)In India, particularly (part
48、icular) outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husbands family when they get married.3(2018北京高考)In todays information age, the loss (lose) of data can cause serious problems for a company.4(2016北京高考)Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred (occur). 5(2015广东高考)M
49、r. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned (abandon). (二)高考中的阅读理解熟词生义(2016天津高考)Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas speaking, listening,
50、reading and writing. 显著的词类活用(2020全国卷)She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. n.特征(2020浙江高考)By 9：33 am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. n.突发(三)高考中的完形填空1(2019浙江高考)Whats _47_ interest
51、ing is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchets cause. Berlin has been the easiest while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. AhardlyBusuallyCparticularly Dmerely解析：选C特别有意思的是，不同城市对他这种行为的态度各不相同。particularly表示“特别，尤其”。2(2017全国卷)A Toronto man is offering a free roundtheworld air ti
52、cket to the right woman. But _41_ apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian passport.Abenefits BdepositsCrestrictions Dexaminations解析：选C根据下文可知，他要找的这位女士必须叫Elizabeth Gallagher，而且必须持有加拿大护照，这些都是赠送机票的限制要求。benefit“益处”；deposit“订金，押金”；restriction“限制，约束”；examination“检查，考试”。(四)高考中的写作1(2
53、020全国卷I书面表达)Zhong_Nanshan,_a_famous_elderly_medical_expert,_is_the_one_who_I_admire_most.(admire)钟南山院士是我最钦佩的老年医学专家。2(2018江苏高考书面表达)It_is_apparent_that_blindly_following_others_advice_will_affect_our_own_judgment. (It is apparent that)很显然，盲目听从他人的建议会影响我们自己的判断。3(2016全国卷书面表达)I_had_meant_to_go,_but_it_occ
54、urred_to_me_that_I_had_some_homework_to_do. (had meant to; it occurred to sb. that)我本来打算去的，但我突然想起我还有一些作业要做。4(2015广东高考书面表达)When_it_comes_to_my_class,_I_have_to_say_that_I_cant_put_up_with_some_classmates_selfishness. (when it comes to; put up with)当谈到我的班级时，我不得不说我不能忍受一些同学的自私。二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇inspirationt
55、hrilling vivid works appreciation review description comment themesymbol character plot ending setting previous complicated ancientmeet translate genuinely literature essay be set in adapt . from .have an influence on make comments on . be interested in classic works express ones view about science
56、fiction 练中巩固.单句语法填空1Our wildlife trips offer a thrilling (thrill) encounter with wildlife in its natural state.2Please accept this gift in appreciation (appreciate) of all youve done for us.3The description (describe) which he had given was brief and to the point.4It was the perfect ending (end) to
57、the perfect day.5The island is the perfect setting (set) for a beach holiday.6This lady was genuinely (genuine) surprised at what happened to her pet.完成句子1I would like to make_comments_on the situation of the Africa simply.我想简单地评论非洲的现状。2This new film is said to be_adapted_from_a_novel by Jane Austen
58、.据说这部新影片是根据简奥斯汀的一本小说改编的。3A well educated mother will_have_a_great_influence_on_her childs future.一个受过良好教育的母亲会对她孩子的未来有很大的影响。4Have you ever read a novel which_is_set_in prewar London?你读过以战前伦敦为背景的小说吗？5Knowing_that_you_are_interested_in the Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest which was organized by our school, I am very pleased to tell you more details about it.得知你对我校举办的古诗词朗诵大赛感兴趣，我非常高兴告诉你更多的详细情况。
