1、Section Introduction&Reading.重点单词1核心单词 vt.包括；包含 vi.(计算机)崩溃 n.故障 n.来源；出处 vt.设计containcrashbreakdownsourcedesign2拓展单词 n接近；通路 adj.可进入的；可使用的 n发明 vt.发明 n发明者 n许可 vt.允许；n.许可证 vt.创造，发明 n创造(力)adj.有创造力的accessaccessibleinventioninventinventorpermissionpermitcreatecreationcreative3阅读单词keyword nlog vt.software n
2、.date work n.percentage n.via prep.document n.密码；口令记录；登录软件(复)数据网络百分数；百分率途经，经由文件nibleadj.accessible 可进入的responsible 负责的credible 可信的flexible 灵活的visible 看得见的-sion结尾名词大观园permission 许可decision 决定discussion 讨论possession 拥有explosion 爆炸expression 表达v.介词of动词短语hear of 听说think of 考虑；认为dream of 梦见consist of 由组成
3、approve of 赞成“v.upwith”短语大聚会come up with 提出catch up with 赶上；追上keep up with 跟上put up with 容忍；忍受.重点短语1consist由组成2well 也3become known作为而出名；被称为；叫做4go下降5come up提出6from that moment从那时起ofasasdownwithon.经典句式1 universities the system as well.这就使得大学使用网络系统也成为可能。2BernersLee built his first computer while he was
4、 at university!贝尔纳斯李上大学时用一台旧电视组装了他的第一台计算机。3BernersLee for everyone the Internet not just universities and the army.贝尔纳斯李让每个人而不仅仅是大学和军队用上了因特网。It then became possible forto useusing an old televisionmade it possibleto use篇章理解速读文章并选出最佳答案1The second paragraph mainly tells us of _.Athe first computerBthe
5、 first networkCthe development of NSFNETDthe uses of the network答案：B2From the third paragraph we can conclude that _.AEnglish will be replaced by Chinese on the web in the futureBEnglish will still control the web in the futureCChinese will become one of the main languages on the web in the futureDy
6、ou wont get information from the web if you dont know Chinese in the future答案：C3The idea of the World Wide Web appeared in by _.A1969;DARPAB1984;NSFC1991;Tim Berners-LeeD1989;Tim Berners-Lee答案：D4The World Wide Web is used to _.Ashare information with other computer usersBstore important informationC
7、carry information to other computer usersDmake thousands of millionaires答案：A5The best title of this passage is _.ABerners-Lee the Inventor of W.W.W.BWant to Be a Millionaire?Go to W.W.W.CThe Development of the InternetDThe Uses of the Internet答案：C难句分析1It then became possible for universities to use
8、the system as well.句式分析本句是一个简单句。句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是其后的不定式to use the system as well。尝试翻译随后，大学使用这种系统也成为可能。2Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet not just universities and the army.句式分析本句是一个简单句。本句是“make itadj.for sb.to do sth.”结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to_do不定式。尝试翻译贝尔纳斯李使每个人都能使用互联网变成了可能，而
9、不仅仅局限于大学和军队。3He designed the first“web browser”，which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers.句式分析该句是一个复合句。本句的主干是He designed the first“web browser”，逗号后面的部分是which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是web_browser。尝试翻译他设计了第一个“网络浏览器”，允许电脑用户从其他电脑上读取文件。4You need permission from the World Wide Web before
10、 you can access information.句式分析该句是一个复合句。本句的主句是You need permission from the World Wide Web，从句是before引导的时间状语从句。尝试翻译你需要得到万维网的许可，然后才能获得信息。知识点详解重点词汇、短语1contain vt.包含；包括【语境领悟】A CD-ROM is a separate disk that contains lots of information.只读光盘是一个可以容纳大量信息的独立磁盘。【考点释义】包含，包括，容纳,The bag contained a Christmas ca
11、rd.这个包里装着一张圣诞卡。克制，抑制,It took a great effort to contain his anger.他强压怒火。【词汇拓展】container n.容器；集装箱containment n.控制；抵制【易混辨析】contain/includecontain指容器里有某物；某物质中含有某种有机成分；某物质或物体中含有某物include指包括整体中的部分或要素；其分词或分词短语起补充说明作用【经典例句】The pitcher contains enough water for all of us.那水罐里有足够我们全体饮用的水。The band played many
12、songs including some of my favourites.这个乐队演奏了许多歌曲，包括几首我最喜爱的。即学即练 1.判断下列句子中contain的含义This file may contain a virus that can be harmful to your computer.He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself.包含控制2选词填空：contain/includeThe gas tank can hold twenty gallons(加仑)of gas but now it may only th
13、ree gallons.Little Johnny felt the bag curious to know what it.In the accident five passengers were killeda foreigner.Look!The box a number of letters which those from his students.She couldnt herself when she saw him after ten years of separation.containcontainedincludingcontainsincludecontain2.sep
14、arate adj.分开的；独立的；单独的v.(使)分开；分离；隔开【语境领悟】A CD-ROM is a separate disk that contains lots of information.只读光盘存储器是包含许多信息的单独的光盘。【短语拓展】be separated 被分开的separate A from B 使A和B分开separate sth.out 使某物分开；划分【经典例句】Raw meat must be kept separate from cooked meat.生肉和熟肉必须分开存放。The children all sleep in separate beds
15、.孩子们都是分床睡的。Separate those two boys who are fighting.把那两个正在打架的男孩子拉开。It is impossible to separate belief from emotion.信仰和感情是分不开的。即学即练 单句语法填空We should separate the most valuable ideas the common ones.The united states consists of fifty states one of which(separate)from the others by the Pacific Ocean.f
16、romis separated3.breakdown n.故障【语境领悟】*The old car moved noisily along the road again after a breakdown.那辆破车在一次故障后又隆隆地行驶在路上了。*She has had a nervous breakdown.她神经崩溃了。【短语拓展】【经典例句】The police broke up the crowd.警察驱散了人群。The sun broke through at last in the afternoon.下午太阳终于从云层里钻了出来。Her health broke down un
17、der the pressure of work.工作的压力把她的身体弄垮了。He broke into the discussion with a shout of warning.他大声警告，打断了讨论。A fire broke out during the night.夜间发生了火灾。即学即练 单句语法填空The two countries are going to meet to break some barriers(障碍)to trade between them.They had escaped to America shortly before the war broke in
18、 1939.The house must have been broken everything is in a mess.Im surprised to hear that Mary and Tom have broken.They seemed to be happy the last time I saw them.downoutintoup4.consist of 由组成【语境领悟】It consists of millions of pages of data.它由数百万页数据组成。【短语拓展】consist with 和一致；符合consist in 在于；以为主要特征【经典例句】
19、The politicians actions do not consist with the promises in his speeches.那位政客的行为与他在演说里所作的承诺不符。The beauty of this picture consists in its balance of colours.这张画美就美在色调均匀。【易混辨析】“组成”表达知多少？由组成/构成 consist of，be made up of，be composed of组成，构成 make up注意：consist of 通常不用于被动语态和进行时态。【经典例句】The Bull Team is made
20、up of 15 players.公牛队由十五名运动员组成。Six women and nineteen men make up the committee.6 位妇女和 19 位男士组成了这个委员会。Water is composed of the elements hydrogen and oxygen.水是由氢元素和氧元素组成。即学即练 1.语法填空Canada is a country consisting many different nationalities as well as one with foreign immigrants(移民)makingthe majority
21、of its population.2用 consist 的相关短语完成句子Life mainly happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow struggles.Remember that your ideal life does not always the reality.ofupconsists ofconsist inconsist with3句型转换The band consists of 12 musicians.The band 12 musicians.The band 12 musicians.漫画助记This neckl
22、ace consists of gold and diamond.这款项链由黄金和钻石组成。is composed ofis made up of5.as well 也【语境领悟】It then became possible for universities to use the system as well.后来，大学使用这个系统也成为可能。【短语拓展】as well as 也；除之外；还may/might as well do sth.做倒也无妨it might/would be as well.最好【易混辨析】as well/as well asas well用于肯定句句末，意为：还；
23、也as well as后多跟名词或代词，意为：除之外【温馨提示】as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与前一个主语保持一致。【经典例句】If you have no pen a pencil will do as well.如果你没有钢笔，铅笔也行。He grows flowers as well as vegetables.他既种菜也种花。即学即练 单句语法填空The teacher as well as his students(be)going to attend the meeting.Now that you have began the task you as well
24、finish it.He can play the piano as well his brother.ismightas6.access n.入径；通路；机会；权利 vt.进入；使用；到达【语境领悟】The World Wide Web(the web)is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet.万维网是一种电脑网络，它允许电脑用户通过因特网从数百万的网站上获取信息。【考点释义】accessn.入径；通路 v.
25、进入；使用The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。We cant access the Internet.我们连不上互联网。【词汇拓展】accessible adj.易接近的；能进入的；可能达到的；易懂的【短语拓展】have/get/obtain access to 有/获得使用的权利/机会be easy/hard of access 容易/难接近be accessible to 易接近的；能进入的【经典例句】This book is easily accessible to the young
26、reader.这本书是年轻读者容易懂的。He had no access to education when he was in his twenties.他二十几岁时没有受教育的机会。即学即练 单句语法填空“OU supports open learning”is a method of distance learning thats(access)to everybody living in the European Union.In spite of the advanced medical technologymany Americans have no access the good
27、 health care for poverty.Can you think of another good idea?This is the best approach I can imagine to(accomplish)the work ahead of schedule.accessibletoaccomplishing漫画助记This is the only access to the building.这是进入这栋楼的唯一通道。7.go down(价格、价值、程度、数量等)下降【语境领悟】*At the moment about 80 percent of web traffic
28、 is in Englishbut this percentage is going down.目前，大约80%的网络信息是用英文传输的，但这个比例正在下降。*Fare tends to go down in the autumn and rise again at Christmas.交通票价秋季时趋于下降，而圣诞节期间又开始回升。*The grain crop has gone down this year.今年的粮食产量下降了。【易混辨析】go down不及物动词词组，无被动语态，某物“下降”，某物作主语。其反义词为go upbring down 及物动词词组，有被动语态，某物“下降”，
29、某物作宾语。其反义词为bring up即学即练 1.判断下列句子中go down的含义People hope the prices of goods will go down.He will go down in history as a great statesman(政治家)We sat and watched the sun go down.2单句改错His achievements have been gone down in history.下跌；下降被记下(日，月)落到地平线下去掉e up with 想出；提出【语境领悟】He came up with the idea of th
30、e World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland.1989年他在瑞士工作期间提出了(组建)万维网的想法。【短语拓展】come about 发生come across 偶然遇到；发现；被理解come around 改变心态，改变观点come out 出版；出现；露出come to 加起来总共；达到when it comes to 当涉及；当谈到【经典例句】I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.我希望你们能提出一个比这个更好的计划。I never remembe
31、r having come across a man like that.我怎么也记不起碰到过这样一个人。【易混辨析】come up with提出(主意、想法、计划等)，主语为“人”，宾语为主意、想法、计划等(不用于被动语态)come up(问题、方案等)被提出，主动形式表被动意义即学即练 1.选择填空：come up/come up withSo far no one has convincing(有说服力的)evidence of why dinosaurs died out and it remains a mystery.No new suggestions at the meetin
32、g.2单句语法填空How did it come that you made such a silly mistake.When it comes to(choose)a gift I think a book is a good choice.His new book will come next e up withcame upaboutchoosingout漫画助记He first came up with the good idea of going to visit a factory.是他首先提出去参观工厂这个好主意的。9.design v.设计；制图；计划 n.装饰图案；设计；打
33、算；意图【语境领悟】He designed the first“web browser”，which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers.他设计了第一个“网络浏览器”，这允许电脑用户从其他电脑上获取文件。【短语拓展】be designed for./to do sth.为而设计的；目的是by design 有意的；故意的【经典例句】These books are especially designed for the use of beginners.这些书是专供初学者使用的。I dont know w
34、hether they did it by accident or by design.我不知道他们这样做是偶然的，还是故意的。The magazine will appear in a new design from next month.从下月起这本杂志将以新的设计问世。即学即练 用design的相关短语完成句子这些房子是专为老年人设计的。The houses are specially old people.这些机器人是为帮助人们做家务而设计的。The robots are people do the housework.不知是偶然还是有意安排，其他人走后，碰巧只剩下他们两个人了。It
35、happened whether by accident or that the two of them were left alone after all the others had gone.designed fordesigned to helpby design漫画助记He drew the design of the house within a week.他在一周内就画出了房子的图案。pare.with.把与比较【语境领悟】Compare your list with other students.把你列的清单和其他同学的比较一下。【短语拓展】compare A and B 把A
36、与B比较compare A to B 把A比作Bcompared with/to 和相比(常作状语)comparing A with/to B 把A和B相比(常作状语)beyond/without compare 无与伦比；举世无双【易混辨析】comparing A with/to B与compared with/to 分词作状语comparing A with/to B comparing为现在分词，表主动，其逻辑主语为人compared with/tocompared 为过去分词，表被动，其逻辑主语为被比之物或人【经典例句】Compare your answers with those a
37、t the back of the book to see if they are right.把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下，看看是否正确。He compared his girlfriend to the moon in a poem.他在一首诗中把他女朋友比作月亮。My own problems seem insignificant compared with other peoples.与别人的问题相比，我自己的问题算不得什么。即学即练 101.单句语法填空Shakespeare compared the world a stage.Compare this one that one
38、 and youll know which is better.2完成句子(与其他人相比)I have a long way to go.towithCompared with others漫画助记He compared the girl to the moon in the poem.他在诗中把那个姑娘比作月亮。11.permission n.许可【语境领悟】*You need permission from the World Wide Web before you can access information.你需要得到万维网的允许才能获取信息。*I need to call my da
39、d and ask for permission before we go out.我们出去之前，我得给我爸打个电话征得他的同意。*Give yourself permission to fail and see what happens.试着允许自己去失败，看看会怎样。【短语拓展】(1)ask for permission 征求许可；请求允许give permission 准许without permission 未经许可(2)permit v.允许permitn./pron./doing 允许permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事【经典例句】My parents dont
40、permit me to go with you.我父母不准我和你一起去。The government does not permit gambling in any place.政府不允许在任何场合赌博。即学即练 111.单句语法填空Dont permit little things(ruin)your happiness.Try to develop a mental attitude that will bring you peace and happiness.We dont permit(smoke)in our school.Would you please put your ci
41、garette out?Forgive me.I didnt know.There was once a guy who suffered from a cancer that couldnt be cured.He never went outside but he was tired staying at home and wanted to go out.So he asked his mother and she gave him(permit)to ruinsmokingofpermission漫画助记Students are not permitted to cheat in th
42、e exams.学生不允许在考试中作弊。知识点详解重点句型 Berners-Lee made_it_possible for everyone to use the Internet not just universities and the army.贝尔纳斯李使每个人使用因特网变成了可能，而不仅仅局限于大学和军队。【归纳拓展】(1)句中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语，而possible是宾语补足语。(2)当think make find feel consider等动词后面是不定式或从句作宾语，并且宾语带有补语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语置于宾补后，构成句式：主语谓语i
43、t宾语补足语真正的宾语。【语境领悟】*His being late made it impossible for the meeting to be held on time.他来晚了，使得会议不可能按时召开。*I think it necessary to practise spoken English every day.我认为每天练习英语口语很有必要。即学即练1.单句改错The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.2语法填空About a month after I jo
44、ined Facebook I got a call from Lori Goler a highly regarded senior(地位较高的)director of marketing at eBay.She made it clear this was a business call.It was the culture rather than the language that made it hard for him(adapt)to the new environment abroad.thought后加itthatto adaptNo matter where he is he
45、 makes a rule to go for a walk after breakfast.The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult(tell)one from the other.itto tellThe Internet is the biggest source of information in the worldand its accessible through a computer.It consists of millions ofpages of data.In 1969DARPA a US de
46、fence organisation【1】，developed a way for all their computers to“talk”to each other through the telephone.They created a network of computers called DARPANET【2】.For fifteen years only the US army could use this system of communication.Then in 1984 the US National Science Foundation(NSF)started the N
47、SFNET network.It then became possible for universities to use the system as well.【3】NSFNET became known as the Inter-Networkor“Internet”【1】a US defence organisation作DARPA的同位语，对其做进一步的解释和说明。【2】过去分词短语called DARPANET作后置定语，修饰a network of computers，可转换为定语从句which/that was called DARPANET。【3】“It then became
48、.as well”中It是形式主语，“to use.as well”是真正的主语。The World Wide Web(the web)is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet【4】.At the moment，about 80 percent of web traffic is in English but this percentage is going down.By 2020 much web traf
49、fic could be in Chinese.【4】that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，定语从句修饰先行词a computer network。The World Wide Web was invented in 1991 by an English scientist Tim Berners-Lee.Berners-Lee built his first computer while he was at university using an old television【5】！He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989
50、 while he was working in Switzerland.【5】while he was at university是while引导的时间状语从句；现在分词短语using an old television作方式状语。Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet【6】，not just universities and the army.He designed the first“web browser”，which allowed computer users to access documents
51、 from other computers【7】.From that moment onthe web and the Internet grew.Within five years the number of Internet users rose from 600 000 to 40 million.【6】“made it possible.the Internet”中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to use the Internet。【7】which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the first“web browser”。The Internet has created thousa
52、nds of millionaires21，but Berners-Lee is not one of them.Everyone in the world can access the Internet using his World Wide Web system.He now works as 22a lecturer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston.词语积累source/ss/n.来源；出处accessible/ksesbl/adj.可进入的；可使用的consist of.由组成millions of数以百万计的；无
53、数的data/det/n.(复)数据单数形式是datumdefence/dfens/n.保护；防卫create/kriet/vt.创造；发明network/netwk/n.网络as well也(一般放在句末)as well as既又；与一样好become known as.作为而出名；被称为，叫作access/kses/vt.存取(计算机文件)；访问句中to access与allow搭配，构成“allow.to do.”，意为“允许做”。via/va/prep.途经；经由at the moment目前，此刻；当时percentage/psentd/n.百分数；百分率go down下降come
54、up with提出design/dzan/vt.设计document/dkjmnt/n.文件grow/gru/vi.扩大；增加rise/raz/vi.(rose risen)增加；上升rise to.增加到rise by.增加了21millionaire/mljne(r)/n.百万富翁，大富豪22work as.从事工作核心素养链接文化采风蒂姆贝尔纳斯李(Tim Berners-Lee)，英国计算机科学家。他是万维网的发明者，麻省理工学院教授。1990年12月25日，罗伯特卡里奥在CERN和他一起成功通过Internet实现了HTTP代理与服务器的第一次通讯。1999年时代将他列入20世纪最有
55、影响的100名英国人之一。2004年，英女皇伊丽莎白二世向贝尔纳斯李颁发大英帝国爵级司令勋章。2009年4月，他获选为美国国家科学院外籍院士。在2012年夏季奥林匹克运动会开幕典礼上，他获得了“万维网发明者”的美誉。2017年4月4日，蒂姆贝尔纳斯李获得2016年度的图灵奖。因特网是世界上最大的信息源，并且人们可以通过电脑使用它。它由无数的数据页组成。1969年，DARPA(国防高级研究计划局)，一个美国防御组织，开发了一种使他们所有的计算机通过电话彼此“交谈”的方式。他们创建了一个叫DARPANET的电脑网络。15年里，只有美国军队能够使用这个通讯系统。后来，在1984年，美国国家科学基金会
56、(NSF)启动了NSFNET网络。这就使大学也使用这个系统成为可能。NSFNET作为“互联网络”或者“因特网”而闻名。万维网(the web)是一种计算机网络，它允许计算机用户通过因特网访问数百万网站上的信息。目前，大约有80%的网络通信使用英语，但是这个比例正在下降。到2020年，许多网络通信可能使用汉语。万维网是英国科学家蒂姆贝尔纳斯李在1991年发明的。读大学时，贝尔纳斯李利用一台旧电视机制成了他的第一台电脑！1989年，他在瑞士工作时，提出了(创建)万维网的想法。贝尔纳斯李让每个人都使用因特网成为可能，而不仅仅是大学和军队。他设计了第一个“网页浏览器”，它允许计算机用户访问其他电脑上的
57、文件。从那时起，万维网与因特网发展起来。5年之内，因特网用户的数量从60万增长到4 000万。因特网成就了无数的百万富翁，但贝尔纳斯李并不是其中之一。利用他(创建)的万维网系统，世界上的每个人都可以使用因特网。他现在是波士顿麻省理工学院的讲师。.单词拼写1This book(包含)all the information you need.2The only a to the town is across the bridge.3We deal in hardware but not(软件)4Our car had a b on the motorway so I couldnt start i
58、t.5Your local library will be a useful(来源)of information.containsccesssoftwarereakdownsource6Medicine should not be kept where it is a to children.7Attack is the best(防御)8He c quite a number of wonderful characters in his play.9The Olympics was telecast live(经由)satellite.10A large p of schoolbooks n
59、ow have pictures.ccessibledefencereatedviaercentage11The(设计)of something is the way in which it has been planned and made.12Please try and find time to read the dbefore the meeting.13The(发明)of printing caused important changes in society.14Raise your arm to get p to speak.15We had a(军事的)training at
60、the beginning of the school year.designocuments/datainventionermissionmilitary.根据汉语提示用本部分的短语填空1我叔叔现在在一家电脑公司担任经理。Now my uncle a manager at a computer company.2他来晚的原因是他没赶上第一班车。The reason he was late is he didnt catch the first bus.works aswhythat3人们常把老师比作园丁，而把学生比作花朵。Teachers often gardeners while stud
61、ents flowers.4我们有可能提前完成工作。It is us the work ahead of time.5去花园唯一的途径是穿过厨房。The only the garden is through the kitchen.arecompared topossible forto finishaccess to.课文语法填空阅读下面课文缩写材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The Internet 1.is the biggest source of information2.(consist)of millions of pages of data.Ev
62、eryone in the world can access it 3.(use)the World Wide Web through a computer.But how did it develop？In 1969 it was a US defence organization 4.developed a way for all their computers to“talk”to each other 5.the telephone.Then in 1984 the US National Science Foundation started the NSFNET network.It
63、 became possible for universities 6.(use)the system as well.whichconsistsusingthatthroughto useLater Tim Berners-Lee an English scientist came up 7.the idea of the World Wide Web and invented it in 1991 which allowed computer users 8.(access)documents from other computers.From that moment on the web and the Internet grew.Within five years 9.number of Internet users rose quickly.The Internet has created thousands of millionaires 10.Berners-Lee is not one of them.He now works as a lecturer in an institute.withto accessthebut
